8. merit n.

Value; success based on one’s work, not on luck

LESSON23 : EMPLOYMENT Parts of speech merit /ˈmerɪt/ v, meritorious /ˌmerɪˈtɔːriəs/ adj

Target Words kkt. pantas, patut. to m. s.t. for memang pantas mendapatkan sesuatu karena. ks. 1 berjasa. m. service
pengabdian yang berjasa. 2 berfaedah, bermanfaat.
111. compensate /ˈkɑːmpenseɪt/ 116. industrious /ɪnˈdʌstriəs/
kkt. mengganti kerugian. -kki. 1 mengimbangi. 2 ks. rajin, getol, tekun. 9. promote v.To move someone to a higher position in a company
mengganti kerugian. Parts of speech promotion /prəˈmoʊʃn/ n
112. dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk/ 117. marginal /ˈmɑːrdʒɪnl/
ks. dinamis, dinamik, bersemangat. d. personality ks. 1 tipis (of benefits, subsistence). 2 kecil (of income). m. land kb. 1 kenaikan (pangkat, kelas). 2 kemajuan.
kepribadian yang dinamis. tanah tepian/pinggiran. m. man orang (yang) setengah-tengah. m.
10. resign v.To quit one’s job
notes catatan-catatan di pinggir halaman.
Parts of speech resignation /ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn/ n kb. 1 pengunduran diri, permintaan berhenti. 2 tawakkal,
113. enterprising /ˈentərpraɪzɪŋ/ 118. merit /ˈmerɪt/
ks. giat, yang mau berusaha. an e. young man seorang kb. 1 kebaikan, jasa. to go into the merits of a proposal pasrah, penyerahan diri (kepada Tuhan).
pemuda yang mau berusaha. memperhitungkan kebaikan/segi baik dari sesuatu usul. 2 guna,
manfaat (of a plan). -kkt. pantas, patut. to m. s.t. for memang
pantas mendapatkan sesuatu karena. TOEFL Prep I Find the word or phrase that is closest in meaningto each word in the left-hand column. Write the
114. exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ 119. promote /prəˈmoʊt/ kkt. 1 menaikkan (to another grade or class). 2 letter in the blank.
kb. perbuatan yang berani/luarbiasa. – memajukan (tourism, good relations). 3 mempertimbangkan (the
kkt. 1 mengeksploitir (s.o.). 2 mengeksploitasi, arts). 1. compensate E (a) good at finding business
memanfaatkan opportunities
115. incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/ 120. resign /rɪˈzaɪn/
kkt. 1 berhenti (from a position). 2 meletakkan. 2. dynamic C (b) hard-working
3. enterprising A (c) energetic
Definitions
4. industrious B (d) move up
1. compensate v.To give an employee money or other things in exchangefor the work he or she does
Parts of speech compensation /ˌkɑːmpenˈseɪʃn/ n, compensatory /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪtəri; adj 5. promote D (e) pay

kb. 1 ganti (kerugian), penggantian. 2 bayaran, upah. 3 kepuasan, rasa puas. ks. sebagai pengganti/ imbangan.
TOEFL Prep II Circle the word that best completes each sentence.
2. dynamic adj. Full of energy 1. Some companies move their factories to poor countries in order to (exploit / compensate) the desperation of people
Parts of speech dynamism /ˈdaɪnəmɪzəm/ n, dynamically daɪˈnæmɪkli/ adv who are willing to work for very low wages. (Beberapa perusahaan memindahkan pabrik mereka ke negara-negara
kb. dinamisme, tenaga yang dinamis. Kk dengan dinamis miskin untuk mengeksploitasi keputusasaan orang-orang yang bersedia bekerja dengan upah yang sangat rendah).
3. enterprising adj.Creative in thinking of ways to make money
Parts of speech enterprise /ˈentərpraɪz/ n (Note:There is no verb “to enterprise.”) 2. For the last five years, we’ve seen only (dynamic / marginal) improvements in our productivity. Selama lima tahun
kb. 1 perusahaan, firma. private e. perusahaan swasta. 2 keberanian berusaha, kegiatan memulai usaha.
terakhir, kami hanya melihat peningkatan kecil dalam produktivitas kami.
4. exploit v.To take advantage of; to treat inconsiderately in order toprofit
Parts of speech exploitation /ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn/ n, exploitive /ɪkˈsplɔɪtətɪv/ adj 3. Judging by actual money-generating (promotion / merit), Williams is the company’s most valuable employee.
kb. eksploitasi, pengharapan, pemerasan. Dilihat dari prestasi menghasilkan uang yang sebenarnya, Williams adalah karyawan perusahaan yang paling
5. incentive n.A possible benefit that motivates a person to do a certainthing berharga.
6. industrious adj.Willing to work hard 4. I had a lot of (compensation / incentive) to move to our new facility in Minnesota, because two of my brothers live
Parts of speech industriousness n, industriously /ɪnˈdʌstriəsli/ adv there. Saya memiliki banyak insentif/dorongan untuk pindah ke fasilitas baru kami di Minnesota, karena dua
Rajin, dengan rajin saudara saya tinggal di sana.

7. marginal adj.Not very significant or effective 5. Unless my employer stops polluting local rivers, I’m going to (resign / exploit). jika majikan saya tidak berhenti
Parts of speech marginally adv mencemari sungai-sungai setempat, saya akan mengundurkan diri.
ks. 1 tipis (of benefits, subsistence). 2 kecil (of income). m. land tanah tepian/pinggiran. m. man orang (yang)
setengah-tengah. m. notes catatan-catatan di pinggir halaman. Kk secara garis besar
TOEFL Success Read the passage to review the vocabulary you have learned. Answer
the questions that follow.

In the 1960s and 1970s, America was reaching the end of its role as a manufacturing power (Pada
1960-an dan 1970-an, Amerika mencapai akhir dari perannya sebagai kekuatan manufaktur). Old-style
systems of compensation (Sistem kompensasi gaya lama), especially company pension plans (terutama
rencana pensiun perusahaan), were impoverishing many companies (memiskinkan banyak perusahaan).
Much to the disadvantage of less-industrious workers (Banyak kerugian pekerja yang kurang rajin),
companies started demanding merit (perusahaan mulai menuntut prestasi), not just seniority (bukan hanya
senioritas), before someone could be promoted (sebelum seseorang dapat dipromosikan). Many managers
who were only marginally effective were encouraged to resign (Banyak manajer yang hanya sedikit efektif
didorong untuk mengundurkan diri.). These changes were painful (Perubahan-perubahan ini menyakitkan),
but unavoidable (tetapi tidak bisa dihindari), symptoms of a growth spurt in the U.S. economy (gejala
percepatan pertumbuhan dalam perekonomian AS). Economies grow and change just as people do (Ekonomi
tumbuh dan berubah sama seperti orang-orang). A truly enterprising businessperson knows how to exploit
these large changes and become involved in tomorrow’s dynamic businesses (Pengusaha yang benar-benar
giat tahu bagaimana memanfaatkan perubahan besar ini dan terlibat dalam bisnis yang dinamis besok), not
yesterday’s (bukan kemarin). There’s still plenty of money to be made in America (Masih banyak uang yang
harus dibuat di Amerika), a very effective incentive for workers to adapt to new conditions (insentif
(perangsang/pendorong) yang sangat efektif bagi pekerja untuk beradaptasi dengan kondisi baru.).

1. Which sentence best expresses the essential information of this passage?

a. Most companies cannot afford to compensate their employees like they used to. Sebagian besar
perusahaan tidak mampu memberi kompensasi kepada karyawan mereka seperti biasanya.
b. Anyone interested in making a lot of money should move to the United States. (Siapa pun yang
tertarik menghasilkan banyak uang harus pindah ke Amerika Serikat.)
c. The 1960s and 1970s were times of great change for the American economy. (Tahun 1960-an dan
1970-an adalah masa perubahan besar bagi ekonomi Amerika.)
d. Just as retailers adapt to economic change, so must manufacturers.
2. The author of this article expresses a negative opinion about __________.
a. Businesspersons (Pelaku bisnis)
b. Workers who depended on seniority for promotion. (Para pekerja yang bergantung pada senioritas
untuk promosi)
c. Companies that exploit changes in the economy. Perusahaan yang mengeksploitasi perubahan dalam
perekonomian
d. The American economy as a whole (Perekonomian Amerika secara keseluruhan)
 TOEFL Prep II Circle the word that best completes each sentence.
LESSON23 : EMPLOYMENT
1. Some companies move their factories to poor countries in order to (exploit / compensate) the
Target Words desperation of people who are willing to work for very low wages.
111. compensate 116. industrious 2. For the last five years, we’ve seen only (dynamic / marginal) improvements in our productivity.
112. dynamic 117. marginal 3. Judging by actual money-generating (promotion / merit), Williams is the company’s most valuable
113. enterprising 118. merit employee.
114. exploit 119. promote 4. I had a lot of (compensation / incentive) to move to our new facility in Minnesota, because two of my
115. incentive 120. resign brothers live there.
5. Unless my employer stops polluting local rivers, I’m going to (resign / exploit).
Definitions
1. compensate v.To give an employee money or other things in exchangefor the work he or she does TOEFL Success Read the passage to review the vocabulary you have learned. Answer the
Parts of speech compensation /ˌkɑːmpenˈseɪʃn/ n, compensatory /ˌkɒmpenˈseɪtəri; adj questions that follow.

2. dynamic adj. Full of energy In the 1960s and 1970s, America was reaching the end of its role as a manufacturing
Parts of speech dynamism /ˈdaɪnəmɪzəm/ n, dynamically daɪˈnæmɪkli/ adv /ˌmænjuˈfæktʃərɪŋ/ power. Old-style systems of compensation, especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ company pension /ˈpenʃn/
3. enterprising adj.Creative in thinking of ways to make money plans, were impoverishing /ɪmˈpɑːvərɪʃ/ many companies /ˈkʌmpənis/. Much to the disadvantage
Parts of speech enterprise /ˈentərpraɪz/ n (Note:There is no verb “to enterprise.”)
/ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒ/ of less-industrious workers, companies started demanding /dɪˈmændɪŋ/ merit, not just
4. exploit v.To take advantage of; to treat inconsiderately in order toprofit seniority, before someone could be promoted. Many managers who were only marginally effective were
Parts of speech exploitation /ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn/ n, exploitive /ɪkˈsplɔɪtətɪv/ adj encouraged /ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ/ to resign. These changes were painful, but unavoidable /ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəbl/, symptoms
5. incentive n.A possible benefit that motivates a person to do a certainthing /ˈsɪmptəm/ of a growth spurt /spɜːrt/ in the U.S. economy /ɪˈkɑːnəmi. Economies grow and change just as
6. industrious adj.Willing to work hard people do. A truly enterprising businessperson knows how to exploit these large changes /tʃeɪndʒ/ and
Parts of speech industriousness n, industriously /ɪnˈdʌstriəsli/ adv
become involved in tomorrow’s dynamic businesses, not yesterday’s. There’s still plenty of money to be
7. marginal adj.Not very significant or effective
Parts of speech marginally adv made in America, a very effective incentive for workers to adapt to new conditions.

8. merit n.Value; success based on one’s work, not on luck

Parts of speech merit /ˈmerɪt/ v, meritorious /ˌmerɪˈtɔːriəs/ adj 1. Which sentence best expresses the essential information of this passage?
9. promote v.To move someone to a higher position in a company a. Most companies cannot afford to compensate their employees like they used to.
Parts of speech promotion /prəˈmoʊʃn/ n
b. Anyone interested in making a lot of money should move to the United States.
10. resign v.To quit one’s job
c. The 1960s and 1970s were times of great change for the American economy.
Parts of speech resignation /ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn/ n
d. Just as retailers adapt to economic change, so must manufacturers.
TOEFL Prep I Find the word or phrase that is closest in meaningto each word in the left-hand column. Write the 2. The author of this article expresses a negative opinion about __________.
letter in the blank.
a. Businesspersons
1. compensate (a) good at finding business b. Workers who depended on seniority for promotion
opportunities
c. Companies that exploit changes in the economy
2. dynamic (b) hard-working
d. The American economy as a whole
3. enterprising (c) energetic
4. industrious (d) move up
5. promote (e) pay
1. The course begins …………. 7 January and ends ………………. 10 March. 1. The course begins …………. 7 January and ends ………………. 10 March.
2. I went to bed …………… midnight and got up ……………. 6:30 the next morning. 2. I went to bed …………… midnight and got up ……………. 6:30 the next morning.
3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived ……………….. 5 o’clock …………….. the morning. 3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived ……………….. 5 o’clock …………….. the morning.
4. Mozart was born in Salzburg …………….. 1756. 4. Mozart was born in Salzburg …………….. 1756.
5. Are you doing anything special …………… the weekend? 5. Are you doing anything special …………… the weekend?
6. Hurry up! We have got to go …………… five minutes. 6. Hurry up! We have got to go …………… five minutes.
7. I will phone you ……….. Tuesday morning ………….. about 10 o’clock, okay? 7. I will phone you ……….. Tuesday morning ………….. about 10 o’clock, okay?
8. I might not be at home …………… the morning. Can you phone …………… the afternoon instead? 8. I might not be at home …………… the morning. Can you phone …………… the afternoon instead?
9. Ryan’s grandmother died ………… 1990 ……….. the age of 79. 9. Ryan’s grandmother died ………… 1990 ……….. the age of 79.
10. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he is out of work …………. the moment. 10. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he is out of work …………. the moment.
11. The price of electricity is going up …………… October. 11. The price of electricity is going up …………… October.
12. …………….. Sunday afternoon I usually go for a walk in the country. 12. …………….. Sunday afternoon I usually go for a walk in the country.
13. There are usually a lot of parties ……………. New Year’s Eve. 13. There are usually a lot of parties ……………. New Year’s Eve.
14. I like walking round the town ………….. night. It is always so peaceful. 14. I like walking round the town ………….. night. It is always so peaceful.
15. Do you fancy going to the cinema …………… Friday night? 15. Do you fancy going to the cinema …………… Friday night?
16. I am just going out to do some shopping. I will be back …………… half an hour. 16. I am just going out to do some shopping. I will be back …………… half an hour.
17. Julie works hard during the week, so she likes to relax ………….. weekends 17. Julie works hard during the week, so she likes to relax ………….. weekends
18. It was quite a short book and easy to read. I read it ………….. a day. 18. It was quite a short book and easy to read. I read it ………….. a day.
19. The telephone and the doorbell rang …………. the same time. 19. The telephone and the doorbell rang …………. the same time.
20. Mary and Henry always go out for a meal ……….. their wedding anniversary. 20. Mary and Henry always go out for a meal ……….. their wedding anniversary.

1. The course begins …………. 7 January and ends ………………. 10 March. 1. The course begins …………. 7 January and ends ………………. 10 March.
2. I went to bed …………… midnight and got up ……………. 6:30 the next morning. 2. I went to bed …………… midnight and got up ……………. 6:30 the next morning.
3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived ……………….. 5 o’clock …………….. the morning. 3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived ……………….. 5 o’clock …………….. the morning.
4. Mozart was born in Salzburg …………….. 1756. 4. Mozart was born in Salzburg …………….. 1756.
5. Are you doing anything special …………… the weekend? 5. Are you doing anything special …………… the weekend?
6. Hurry up! We have got to go …………… five minutes. 6. Hurry up! We have got to go …………… five minutes.
7. I will phone you ……….. Tuesday morning ………….. about 10 o’clock, okay? 7. I will phone you ……….. Tuesday morning ………….. about 10 o’clock, okay?
8. I might not be at home …………… the morning. Can you phone …………… the afternoon instead? 8. I might not be at home …………… the morning. Can you phone …………… the afternoon instead?
9. Ryan’s grandmother died ………… 1990 ……….. the age of 79. 9. Ryan’s grandmother died ………… 1990 ……….. the age of 79.
10. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he is out of work …………. the moment. 10. Jack’s brother is an engineer but he is out of work …………. the moment.
11. The price of electricity is going up …………… October. 11. The price of electricity is going up …………… October.
12. …………….. Sunday afternoon I usually go for a walk in the country. 12. …………….. Sunday afternoon I usually go for a walk in the country.
13. There are usually a lot of parties ……………. New Year’s Eve. 13. There are usually a lot of parties ……………. New Year’s Eve.
14. I like walking round the town ………….. night. It is always so peaceful. 14. I like walking round the town ………….. night. It is always so peaceful.
15. Do you fancy going to the cinema …………… Friday night? 15. Do you fancy going to the cinema …………… Friday night?
16. I am just going out to do some shopping. I will be back …………… half an hour. 16. I am just going out to do some shopping. I will be back …………… half an hour.
17. Julie works hard during the week, so she likes to relax ………….. weekends 17. Julie works hard during the week, so she likes to relax ………….. weekends
18. It was quite a short book and easy to read. I read it ………….. a day. 18. It was quite a short book and easy to read. I read it ………….. a day.
19. The telephone and the doorbell rang …………. the same time. 19. The telephone and the doorbell rang …………. the same time.
20. Mary and Henry always go out for a meal ……….. their wedding anniversary. 20. Mary and Henry always go out for a meal ……….. their wedding anniversary.
21.
 BASIC PROGRAM I
UJIAN : I KODE SOAL :
NAME :
Section 1

7. A B C D E 7. A B C D E 6. A B C D E 12. A B C D E 6. A B C D E

8. A B C D E 8. A B C D E 7. A B C D E 13. A B C D E 7. A B C D E

9. A B C D E 9. A B C D E 8. A B C D E 14. A B C D E 8. A B C D E

10. A B C D E 10. A B C D E 9. A B C D E 15. A B C D E 9. A B C D E

11. A B C D E 15. A B C D E 11. A B C D E 17. A B C D E 11. A B C D E

12. A B C D E 16. A B C D E 12. A B C D E 18. A B C D E 12. A B C D E

13. A B C D E 17. A B C D E 15. A B C D E 19. A B C D E 13. A B C D E

15. A B C D E 19. A B C D E 16. A B C D E 20. A B C D E 14. A B C D E

16. A B C D E 21. A B C D E 17. A B C D E 21. A B C D E 15. A B C D E

17. A B C D E 22. A B C D E 18. A B C D E 34. A B C D E 17. A B C D E

18. A B C D E 23. A B C D E 20. A B C D E 35. A B C D E 18. A B C D E

19. A B C D E 24. A B C D E 21. A B C D E 36. A B C D E 19. A B C D E

20. A B C D E 25. A B C D E 22. A B C D E 37. A B C D E 20. A B C D E

22. A B C D E 26. A B C D E 23. A B C D E 38. A B C D E 21. A B C D E

24. A B C D E 27. A B C D E 24. A B C D E 39. A B C D E 22. A B C D E

BASIC PROGRAM I
UJIAN : I KODE SOAL :
NAME :
Section 1

7. A B C D E 7. A B C D E 6. A B C D E 12. A B C D E 6. A B C D E

8. A B C D E 8. A B C D E 7. A B C D E 13. A B C D E 7. A B C D E

9. A B C D E 9. A B C D E 8. A B C D E 14. A B C D E 8. A B C D E

10. A B C D E 10. A B C D E 9. A B C D E 15. A B C D E 9. A B C D E

11. A B C D E 15. A B C D E 11. A B C D E 17. A B C D E 11. A B C D E

12. A B C D E 16. A B C D E 12. A B C D E 18. A B C D E 12. A B C D E

13. A B C D E 17. A B C D E 15. A B C D E 19. A B C D E 13. A B C D E

15. A B C D E 19. A B C D E 16. A B C D E 20. A B C D E 14. A B C D E

16. A B C D E 21. A B C D E 17. A B C D E 21. A B C D E 15. A B C D E

17. A B C D E 22. A B C D E 18. A B C D E 34. A B C D E 17. A B C D E

18. A B C D E 23. A B C D E 20. A B C D E 35. A B C D E 18. A B C D E

19. A B C D E 24. A B C D E 21. A B C D E 36. A B C D E 19. A B C D E

20. A B C D E 25. A B C D E 22. A B C D E 37. A B C D E 20. A B C D E

22. A B C D E 26. A B C D E 23. A B C D E 38. A B C D E 21. A B C D E

24. A B C D E 27. A B C D E 24. A B C D E 39. A B C D E 22. A B C D E