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Toru Obara
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Delayed Neutron Precursors: fission products that emit delayed neutrons by the
radioactive decay. They are grouped into six classes
(or groups) by the half-lives.
βi: fraction of delayed fission neutrons emitted per fission that appear from i-th
precursor group
I. The equation that represents the change of number of neutrons(i.e. the reactor power)
First, we think about prompt neutrons only
n′
= k eff (1 − β)
n
Δn n′ − n
= = k eff (1 − β) − 1
n n
Number of delayed neutrons emitted by the decay of precursors per unit time
6
� λi Ci Ci :i − th precursor concentration
i=1
6
dn k eff (1 − β) − 1
= n + � λi Ci
dt 𝑙
i=1
k eff − 1
ρ≡ (reactivity)
k eff
l
Λ ≡ (neutron generation time)
k
6
dn(t) ρ(t) − β
= n(t) + � λi Ci (t) ⋯ (1)
dt Λ
i=1
The change of number of neutrons can be analyzed when the initial condition and the reactivity ρ
are given.
In t ≫ 0
n(t) ≅ n1 exp(s1 t) (where S1 > S2 > ⋯ > S7 )
Stable period
1
T= (the time that the power becames 𝑒 times)
s1
The effect of delayed neutrons is small in prompt super critical, so it can be ignored.