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Tibetan medicine
Ayurveda
Bu Ali Sina
Aristotle laid down foundation Alqanoon
of Anatomy & physiology Unani
Pure herbs
Comparison of three system of medicine
System Ayurveda Unani Western
Mostly Originated
Plant life from Plant
What is needed in Tirap,
Arunachal Pradesh
A study is essential on the feasibility of Value addition to
Medicinal Plants in the state of Tirap, Arunachal Pradesh.
The aim of the study will be to provide detailed information
about the availability and potentiality of commercial
exploitation of medicinal plants in all the four districts of
Tirap, Arunachal Pradesh.
The findings of the study will be the basis for potential
investors to take investment decision.
Back ground priority
♣ World Health Organization initiated an ambitious goal of
providing health care to everyone.
♣ In support of that goal, WHO endorsed traditional medicine
programs worldwide. WHO has reaffirmed previous resolutions
supporting traditional medicine for future action. These are to:
Initiate comprehensive programs for the identification,
evaluation, preparation, cultivation and conservation of
medicinal plants used in traditional medicine.
Ensure quality control of drugs derived from traditional plant
remedies by using modern techniques and applying suitable
standards and good manufacturing practices.
Address problems of severe genetic loss of medicinal plants
primarily due to destruction of plant rich habitats.
Implement the Chang Mai Declaration,
"Saving Lives by Saving Plants"
Establish programs for conservation of medicinal plants to
ensure that there are adequate supplies for future generations.
Back ground priority
“National Bio-diversity Action Plan” in 1998 has identified medicinal plants
conservation, as a thrust area of the National Plan. The forests of India are
estimated to harbour 90% of medicinal plants. Only 10% of the known
medicinal plants of India are restricted to non-forest habitats. Hence, there is a
strong case for incorporating “in-situ conservation of medicinal plants” in
Tirap, Arunachal Pradesh due to higher forest cover of total geographical
area.
Over 95% of the medicinal plants used by the Indian medicinal industry are
collected from the wild. Threat assessment exercises as per latest IUCN
guidelines have listed around 200 species of medicinal plants that are
threatened, endangered and rare.
The Government of India banned export of more than 50 species, which are
believed to beexport
Banning threatened in thespecies
of plant wild for medicinal use is only a short term
measure.
It is important to practice scientific harvesting technologies so that plants
are harvested in the proper season, at the proper stage of their
physiological growth, from the proper habitats and in a non-destructive
and sustainable fashion.
Arranging Agro-technologies required for such prioritized species that
are in high demand but short supply and which cannot be sustainably
collected from the wild.
Certain favourable points
This is the time when toxic drugs are increasingly unwelcome through out
the world and thinking people are using viable alternatives.
Medicinal and aromatic plants are important Non Timber Forest produces
(NTFP) found in the forest and Himalayas, with greatest concentration in the
tropical and subtropical belts.
Some of the important and high demand species are found at high altitudes
in particularly stressful environments, grow very slowly and cannot live
elsewhere.
In the last 10 years, for example, India’s exports of medicinal plants have
trebled. But with most of these plants being taken from the wild, hundreds of
species are now threatened with extinction because of over harvesting &
destructive collection technique.
For instance, “The small coniferous Himalayan yew (Taxus baccata)
has recently become a heavily traded species. It is avidly sought
because it contains taxol, used to treat cancer. Large quantities of this
plant are collected and exported annually, although its harvesting is
illegal”.
World bank assistance
Harvesting Too Much, Growing And Protecting Too Little
The World Bank is assisting countries of South East Asia for:
☺ Conservation, scientific harvesting and cultivation of medicinal
plants:
☺ Establishing medicinal plant conservation area where plant collection
from wild is particularly intensive.
☺ Implementing village action plans to reduce dependency on
harvesting from the wild by promoting extension and education on
medicinal properties of species within these conservation areas.
☺ Establishing nurseries to develop the cultivation of select species and
support research on propagation and field planting techniques.
☺ The future strategies to mainstream medicinal plants in to natural
resource management programme to increase supply of this resource.
Certain national market facts
Herbal Medicine in
dosage form (24%)
INDUSTRIAL USE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
Phyto-
pharmaceuticals Intermediates
Ancillary
for Drug
Products
manufacturers
MEDICINAL
Health Food Herbal teas
PLANTS
Industrial Traditional
Pharmaceuticals medicines
New Drugs
INDUSTRIAL USE OF ESSENTIAL OILS
Dentifrice Industry:
Paste Powders
Adhesives: Cosmetics & Toiletries:
Antiseptics Cements
Cements Pastes Perfumes Sprays
Mouth Wash
Glues Tapes Creams Deodorants
soaps Powders
Present
Present demand
demand supply
supply gap,
gap, future
future strain
strain on
on harvesting
harvesting from
from
wild,
wild, growth
growth of
of demand.
demand.
The
The present
present quantity
quantity of
of selected
selected medicinal
medicinal plants
plants availability
availability
from
from the
the command
command areaarea ofof the
the site
site selected
selected for
for processing
processing
unit.
unit.
Possibilities
Possibilities of
of tissue
tissue culture,
culture, cultivation
cultivation and
and gestation
gestation perio
periodd
of
of medicinal
medicinal plant
plant selected
selected for
for plantation/cultivation.
plantation/cultivation.
Size
Size of
of the
the project.
project.
Financial analysis
Cost estimates of capital investment.
Cost estimates of operation and requirement of funds.
Envisaging Source of long-term & Short-term Funds for
investment.
Profitability estimation for a projected period.
Fund flow analysis
Envisaging NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) & INTERNAL
RATE OF RETURN (IRR)
Sensitivity analysis.
A list of few exotic medicinal plant species having
international demand and suitable for cultivation in Tirap,
Taxus baccata
Terminalia arjuna Astragalus membranaceus Himalayan Yew
Tree Chinese Astrgalus Datura straminium Talishpatra