PRACTICE 1 6.

Working like a telescope, _____ the size of objects at

great distances.
1. Clinical psychologist Dr. Carl Rogers found that 80 (A) which magnifies a telephoto lens
percent _____ verbal communication involved five types (B) a telephoto lens magnifies
of responses: evaluative, interpretive, supportive, (C) a telephoto lens which magnifies
probing, and understanding. (D) and magnifying a telephoto lens
(A) all
(B) is the 7. Volcanoes are divided into three main groups, based on
(C) with their shape and the type of material they _____.
(D) of all (A) are made
(B) made of
2. The early feminist leader Susan B. Anthony became (C) are made of
increasingly aware through her work in the temperance (D) made for
movement _____ the same rights as men.
(A) women were not granted that 8. _____ to inanimate objects, such as machines, is a form
(B) that women were not granted of animism.
(C) not granted women that were (A) When attributing emotion
(D) that were not granted women (B) Attributing emotion
(C) Emotion is attributed
3. DNA, _____ , is found in the cell nucleus in the form of (D) If emotion is attributed
very long and thin molecules consisting of two spiral
strands. 9. _____ , dolphins have no sense of smell.
(A) inherits material (A) As known as far
(B) is inheritance material (B) Known thus far as
(C) material is inherited (C) It is known as far
(D) the material of inheritance (D) As far as is known

4. _____ plants, which manufacture their own food, 10. The growth of psychobiology owes _____ to major
animals obtain nourishment by acquiring and ingesting conceptual advances in the way people think about the
their food. brain.
(A) Unlike (A) much
(B) Different (B) as much as
(C) Whereas (C) much which
(D) As much (D) there is so much

5. The Hawaiian alphabet, introduced by missionaries in 11. In 1938 Pearl S. Buck became the first American
the 1820's, _____ and only seven consonants. woman _____ the Nobel Prize for Literature.
(A) the five vowels consist of (A) receive
(B) consisting of five vowels (B) received
(C) that consists of five vowels (C) to receive
(D) consists of five vowels (D) she received
12. Now considered an art form, quilt-making originated 19. Although apples do not grow during the cold season,
as a means of fashioning bed covers from bits of fabric apple trees must have a such season in order to flourish.
that otherwise _____.
(A) not use 20. Two unique features of the Arctic they are lack of
(B) were no use precipitation and permanently frozen ground.
(C) had no use
(D) it was not used 21. Faced with petroleum shortages in the 1970's, scientists
and engineers in the United States stepped up its efforts to
13. The early years of the United States government were develop more efficient heating systems and better
characterized by a debate concerning _____ or individual insulation.
states should have more power.
(A) whether the federal government 22. Rabbits have large front tooth, short tails, and hind
(B) either the federal government legs and feet adapted for running and jumping.
(C) that the federal government
(D) the federal government 23. Dentistry is a branch of medicine that has developed
very dramatic in the last twenty years.
14. Beneath the streets of a modern city _____ of walls,
columns, cables, pipes, and tunnels required to satisfy the 24. The ease of solving a jigsaw puzzle depends the
needs of its inhabitants. number of pieces, their shapes and shadings, and the
(A) where exists the network design of the picture.
(B) the existing network
(C) the network's existence 25. Plants range in size to tiny, single-celled, blue-green
(D) exists the network algae, invisible to the naked eye, to giant sequoias, the
largest living plants.
15. The province of Newfoundland has _____ than any
other region of North America in which the first language 26. During the 1940's science and engineering had an
is English. impact on the way music reach its audience and even
(A) its longer history influenced the way in which it was composed.
(B) a longer history
(C) the longer the history 27. By 1860 the railroads of the United States had 3,000
(D) the history is longer miles of track, three-quarters of which it was east of the
Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River.
16. The antique collector must be able to distinguish real
antiques from later imitations, which can be either 28. Ballads were early types of poetry and may have been
reproductions nor fakes. among a first kinds of music.

17. Paint must be stirred and sometimes dilution before it
is applied.
18. A great aviation pioneer, Amelia Earhart was already
famous when she sets out on her ill-fated attempt to circle
the globe in 1937.
29. The thin outer layer of the skin is called the epidermis,
while the layer inner, which is slightly thicker, is called
the dermis.
30. With the incorporation of jazz history into current
academic curricula, leading jazz musicians are now
founding on the faculties of several universities.
31. Humus, a substance found in soil, is soft and spongy
and enables plant roots to send out tiny hairs through that
they absorb water and food.

32. Although flies live longest in cool temperatures, it

breed prolifically when temperatures are warm, food is
abundant, and humidity is moderate.

33. Alaska's vast areas of untamed wilderness attracts

many people who enjoy the outdoors.

34. The giant panda closely resembles the bear, but

account of certain anatomical features it is placed in the
raccoon family.

35. The ode was original a ceremonial poem written to

celebrate public occasions or exalted subjects.

36. Even as he wrote copiously on such diverse topic as

education, politics, and religion, Lewis Mumford
remained active in city and regional planning.

37. Oscillation is a electronic function that changes direct

current to the signal of desired frequency.

38. Papier-mache figures by Stephen Henson, which they

cheerfully depicted life in the Information Age, were the
focus of an exhibit at the Museum of American History.

39. Pharmacist fill drug prescriptions, keeping records of

the drugs their patients are taking to make sure that
harmful combinations are not prescribed.

40. Great technical advances in aerial and satellite

photography have been made since end of the Second
World War.
 PRACTICE 2 6. Flag Day is a legal holiday only in the state of
Pennsylvania, _____ Betsy Ross sewed the first American
1. During the late fifteenth century, _____ of the native flag.
societies of America had professions in the fields of arts (A) which
and crafts. (B) where
(A) only a few (C) that
(B) a few but (D) has
(C) few, but only
(D) a few only 7. _____ vastness of the Grand Canyon, it is difficult to
capture it in a single photograph.
2. Dairy farming is _____ leading agricultural activity in (A) While the
the United States. (B) The
(A) a (C) For the
(B) at (D) Because of the
(C) then
(D) none 8. Speciation, _____ , results when an animal population
becomes isolated by some factor, usually geographic.
3. Although thunder and lightning are produced at the (A) form biological species
same time, light waves travel faster _____ , so we see the (B) biological species are formed
lightning before we hear the thunder. (C) which forming biological species
(A) than sound waves do (D) the formation of biological species
(B) than sound waves are
(C) do sound waves 9. In its pure state antimony has no important uses, but
(D) sound waves _____ with other substances, it is an extremely useful
metal.
4. Beef cattle _____ of all livestock for economic growth in (A) when combined physically or chemically
certain geographic regions. (B) combined when physically or chemically
(A) the most are important (C) the physical and chemical combination
(B) are the most important (D) it is combined physically and chemically
(C) the most important are
(D) that are the most important 10. The dawn redwood appears _____ some 100 million
years ago in northern forests around the world.
5. The discovery of the halftone process in photography in (A) was flourished
1881 made it _____ photographs in books and (B) having to flourish
newspapers. (C) to have flourished
(A) the possible reproduction (D) have flourished
(B) possible to reproduce
(C) the possibility of reproducing 11. Beginning in the Middle Ages, composers of Western
(D) possibly reproduced music used a system of notating their compositions _____
be performed by musicians.
(A) will
(B) that
(C) and when to
(D) so they could
12. Civil Rights are the freedoms and rights _____ as a
member of a community, state, of nation.
(A) may have a person
(B) may have a person who
(C) a person may have
(D) and a person may have
13. Richard Wright enjoyed success and influence _____
among Black
American writers of his era.
(A) were unparalleled
(B) are unparalleled
(C) unparalleled
(D) the unparalleled
14. _____ of large mammals once dominated the North
American prairies: the American bison and the pronghorn
antelope.
(A) There are two species
(B) With two species
(C) Two species are
(D) Two species
15. Franklin D. Roosevelt was _____ the great force of
radio and the opportunity it provided for taking
government policies directly to the people.
(A) as the first President he understood fully
(B) the first President that, to fully understand
(C) the first President fully understood
(D) the first President to understand fully
16. Government money appropriated for art in the 1930's
made possible hundreds of murals and statues still
admiration in small towns all over the United States.
17. The firstly naval battle of the Revolutionary War was
fought off the coast of Machias, Maine, in June 1775.
18. The public ceremonies of the Plains Indians are lesser
elaborate than those of the Navajo in the Southwest.
19. In some species of fish, such the three-spined
stickleback, the male, not the female, performs the task of
caring for the young.
20. When she retires in September 1989, tennis champion
Christine Evert was the most famous woman athlete in
the United States.
21. The ancient Romans used vessels equipped with sails
and banks of oars to transporting their armies.
22. Dinosaurs are traditionally classified as cold-blooded
reptiles, but recent evidence based on eating habits,
posture, and skeletal structural suggests some may have
been warm-blooded.
23. Since the Great Depression of the 1930's, social
programs such as Social Security have been built into the
economy to help avert severity business declines.
24. In the 1970's, consumer activities succeeded in
promoting laws that set safety standards for automobiles,
children's clothing, and a widely range of household
products.
25. Zoos in New Orleans, San Diego, Detroit, and the
Bronx have become biological parks where animals roams
free and people watch from across a moat.
26. In human beings, as in other mammal, hairs around
the eyes and ears and in the nose, prevent dust, insects,
and other matter from entering these organs.
27. The Rocky Mountains were explored by fur traders
during the early 1800's, in a decades preceding the United
States Civil War.
28. The works of the author Herman Melville are literary
creations of a high order, blending fact, fiction, adventure,
and subtle symbolic.
29. Each chemical element is characterized to the number
of protons that an atom of that element contains, called its
atomic number.
30. The body structure that developed in birds over 40. Rice, which it still forms the staple diet of much of the
millions of years is well designed for flight, being both world's population, grows best
lightly in weight and remarkably strong. in hot, wet lands.

31. From 1905 to 1920, American novelist Edith Wharton

was at the height of her writing career, publishing of her
three most famous novels.

32. In the early twentieth century, there was considerable

interesting among sociologists in
the fact that in the United States the family was losing its
traditional roles.

33. Although pure diamond is colorless and transparent,

when contaminated with other material it may appear in
various color, ranging form pastels to opaque black.

34. Comparative anatomy is concerned to the structural

differences among animal forms.

35. A seismograph records oscillation of the ground

caused by seismic waves, vibrations
that travel from its point of origin through the Earth or
along its surface.

36. Electric lamps came into widespread use during the

early 1900's and have replaced other type of fat, gas, or oil
lamps for almost every purpose.

37. Located in Canada, the Columbia Icefield covers area

of 120 square miles and is 3,300
feet thick in some places.

38. Composer Richard Rodgers, and lyricist Oscar

Hammerstein II brought to the musical Oklahoma!
extensive musical and theatrical backgrounds as well as
familiar with the
raditional forms of operetta and musical comedy.

39. Because of its vast tracts of virtually uninhabited

northern forest, Canada has one of
the lowest population density in the world.
 PRACTICE 3 (C) are when
(D) which
1. The ponderosa pine is _____ of most of the timber used 7. _____ , the Canadian composer Barbara Pentland wrote
by forest-product firms in the Black Hills of South Dakota. four symphonies, three concertos, and an opera, among
(A) the source other works.
(B) as source (A) An artist who, prolific
(C) the source which (B) Is a prolific artist
(D) because the source (C) Prolific an artist
(D) A prolific artist
2. Computers that once took up entire rooms are now
_____ to put on desktops and into ristwatches. 8. The Chisos Mountains in Big Bend National Park in
(A) small enough Texas were created by volcanic eruptions that occurred
(B) smaller than ______.
(C) so small (A) the area in which dinosaurs
(D) as small as (B) when dinosaurs roamed the area
(C) did dinosaurs roam the area
3. According to some educators, the goal of teaching is to (D) dinosaurs roaming the area
help students learn what _____ to know to live a well-
adjusted and successful life. 9. In bas-relief sculpture, a design projects very slightly
(A) do they need from its background, _____ some coins.
(B) they need (A) as on
(C) they are needed (B) because
(D) as they may need (C) the way that
(D) similarly
4. The sapphire's transparency to ultraviolet and infrared
radiation makes _____ in optical instruments. 10. Alaska found the first years of its statehood costly
(A) it is of use because it had to take over the expense of services _____
(B) it uses previously by the federal government.
(C) it a useful (A) to provide
(D) it useful (B) be provided
(C) providing
5. _____ _____ initial recognition while still quite young. (D) provided
(A) Most famous scientists achieved
(B) That most famous scientists achieved 11. With age, the mineral content of human bones
(C) Most famous scientists who achieved decreases, _____ them more fragile.
(D) For most famous scientists to achieve (A) make
(B) and to make
(C) thereby making
6. Mango trees, _____ densely covered with glossy (D) which it makes
leaves and bear small fragrant flowers, grow rapidly and
can attain heights of up to 90 feet.
(A) whose
(B) which are
12. Not until Kentucky's Mammoth Cave had been
completely explored in 1972 _____.
(A) when was its full extent realized
(B) that its full extent was realized
(C) was its full extent realized
(D) the realization of its full
13. The first explorer _____ California by land was
Jedediah Strong Smith, a trapper who crossed the
southwestern deserts of the United States in 1826.
(A) that he reached
(B) reached
(C) to reach
(D) reaching it
14. Written to be performed on a _____ , Thornton
Wilder's play Our Town depicts life in a small New
England community.
(A) stage scenery of bare
(B) bare of stage scenery
(C) scenery bare of stage
(D) stage bare of scenery
15. _____ many copper mines in the state of Arizona, a
fact which contributes significantly to the state's economy.
(A) They are
(B) There are
(C) Of the
(D) The
16. Margaret Mead studied many different cultures, and
she was one of the first anthropologists to photograph
hers subjects.
17. Talc, a soft mineral with a variety of uses, sold is in
slabs or in powdered form.
18. During the 1870's iron workers in Alabama proved
they could produce iron by burning iron ore with coke,
instead than with charcoal.
19. Geologists at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory rely
on a number of instruments to studying the volcanoes in
Hawaii.
20. Underlying aerodynamics and all other branches of
theoretical mechanics are the laws of motion who were
developed in the seventeenth century.
21. Was opened in 1918, the Phillips Collection in
Washington, D.C., was the first museum in the United
States devoted to modern art.
22. A mortgage enables a person to buy property without
paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy
to own a house.
23. Alike ethnographers, ethnohistorians make systematic
observations, but they also gather data from documentary
and oral sources.
24. Basal body temperature refers to the most lowest
temperature of a healthy individual during waking hours.
25. Research in the United States on acupuncture has
focused on it use in pain relief and anesthesia.
26. The Moon's gravitational field cannot keep
atmospheric gases form escape into space.
27. Although the pecan tree is chiefly value for its fruit, its
wood is used extensively for flooring, furniture, boxes,
and crates.
28. Born in Texas in 1890, Katherine Anne Porter
produced three collection of short stories before
publishing her well-known novel Ship of Fools in 1962.
29. Insulation from cold, protect against dust and sand,
and camouflage are among the functions of hair for
animals.
30. The notion that students are not sufficiently involved
in their education is one reason for the recently surge of
support for undergraduate research.

31. As secretary of transportation from 1975 to 1977,

William Coleman worked to help the bankrupt railroads
in the northeastern United States solved their financial
problems.

32. Faults in the Earth's crust are most evidently in

sedimentary formations, where they interrupt previously
continuous layers.
33. Many flowering plants benefit of pollination by adult
butterflies and moths.

34. A number of the American Indian languages spoken at

the time of the European arrival in the New World in the
late fifteen century have become extinct.

35. George Gershwin was an American composer whose

concert works joined the sounds of jazz with them of
traditional orchestration.

36. One of the problems of United States agriculture that

has persisted during the 1920's until the present day is the
tendency of farm income to lag behind the costs of
production.

37. Volcanism occurs on Earth in several geological

setting, most of which are associated with the boundaries
of the enormous, rigid plates that make up the
lithosphere.

38. Early European settlers in North America used

medicines they made from plants native to treat colds,
pneumonia, and ague, an illness similar to malaria.

39. Some insects bear a remarkable resemblance to dead

twigs, being long, slenderness, wingless, and brownish in
color.

40. A food additive is any chemical that food

manufacturers intentional add to their products.
 PRACTICE 4 (B) becoming that which
(C) became
1. _____ 350 species of sharks, and although they are all (D) to become
carnivorous, only a few species will attack people.
(A) About 7. Celluloid and plastics have largely replaced genuine
(B) Where about ivory in the manufacture _____ buttons, billiard balls and
(C) There are about piano keys.
(D) About the (A) of such things as
(B) as of such things
2. After quartz, calcite is the _____ in the crust of the (C) such things as of
Earth. (D) things as of such
(A) mineral is most abundant
(B) mineral that most abundant 8. One of the tenets of New Criticism is that a critic need
(C) most abundant mineral that not tell readers _____ about a story.
(D) most abundant mineral (A) which thinking
(B) what to think
3. Regarded as the world's foremost linguistic theorist, (C) that thinking
Noam Chomsky continues _____ new theories about (D) to think what
language and language learning.
(A) for creating 9. The outer ear, _____ the fleshy pinna and the auditory
(B) by creation canal, picks up and funnels sound waves toward the
(C) to create eardrum.
(D) create (A) includes
(B) which it includes
4. _____ any area receives more water than the ground can (C) which includes
absorb, the excess water flows to the lowest level, carrying (D) of which includes
loose material.
(A) Being 10. The chair may be the oldest type of furniture, _____ its
(B) Whenever importance has varied from time to time and from
(C) When might country to country.
(D) Is (A) but when
(B) until then
5. In 1935 seismologist Charles F. Richter devised _____ (C) in spite of
for rating the strength of earthquakes. (D) although
(A) for the numerical scale
(B) the scale is numerical 11. When wood, natural gas, oil, or any other fuel burns,
(C) a numerical scale _____ with oxygen in the air to produce heat.
(D) a scale of numerical (A) combining substances in the fuel
(B) substances in the fuel that combine
6. After the Second World War the woman wage earner (C) substances in the fuel combine
_____ a standard part of middle-class life in the United (D) a combination of substances in the fuel
States.
(A) who became
 20. Elizabeth Bishop's poems are frequently long and
12. Desserts are arid land areas where _____ though carefully constructed, uses elaborate rhyme or half-
evaporation than is gained through precipitation. rhymes.
(A) the loss of more water 21. California has more land under irrigation than any
(B) loses more water another state.
(C) is more water lost
(D) more water is lost 22. Thomas Moran's magnificent, colorful paintings onto
Wyoming landscapes captured the spirit of the western
13. When goshawk chicks are young, _____ parents share wilderness in the late nineteenth century.
in the hunting duties and in guarding the nest.
(A) the both 23. Emily Dickinson, among the greatest women poets in
(B) both the English language, died with all of hers poems
(C) both of unpublished, except for seven that appeared in
(D) and both publications of limited circulation.

14. Not only _____ among the largest animals that ever
lived, but they are also among the most intelligent.
(A) are whales
(B) whales
(C) some whales
(D) they are whales
15. Fish are the most ancient form of vertebrate life, and
_____ all other vertebrates.
(A) from them evolved
(B) evolved them
(C) to evolve
(D) they are evolved
16. Recently scientists have apply new tools of
biochemistry and molecular biology to investigate the
structure of human hair.
17. The dandelion plant has a straight, smoothly, and
hollow stem that contains a white, milky juice.
18. Of the much factors that contributed to the growth of
international tourism in the 1950's, one of the most
important was the advent of jet travel in 1958.
19. The Canadian province of Alberta it is believed to
have some of the richest oil deposits in the world.
24. Protecting Florida's coral reefs is difficult because
some of the corals are very fragile : even the touch of a
diver's hand can kill it.
25. Martin Luther King, Jr. is well-known for organize the
huge human rights march that took place in Washington
in 1963.
26. A lightning flash produces electromagnetic waves that
may travels along the Earth's magnetic field for long
distances.
27. One of the earliest plants domesticated in the Western
Hemisphere, manioc was introducing to Europe by
Spaniards returning from the New World.
28. Beside the ages of nine and fifteen, almost all young
people undergo a rapid series of physiological changes.
29. The frequency of meteors in the Earth's atmosphere
increases when the Earth passes through a swarm of
particle generated by the breakup of a comet.
30. Ponds are noted for their rich and varied types of plant
and animal life, all maintain in a delicate ecological
balance.
31. In the 1920's cinema became an important art form and
one of the ten largest industry in the United States.

32. To improvise effectively, a musician must thorough

understand the conventions of a given musical style.

33. During the Jurassic period plant life was abundance,

providing herbivores in particular with a plentiful supply
of food.

34. Some maple trees are raised for their sap, which has a
high sugar content for yields sugar and syrup.

35. Long before boats became important in recreation,

they were valuable to people for many essential tasks,
included transportation and fishing.

36. Asteroids may be fragments of a planet shattered long

ago or from material the nuclei of old comets.

37. The first Native Americans to occupy what is now the

southwestern United States were the Big-Game Hunters,
which appeared about 10,000 B.C.

38. Some hangars, buildings used to hold large aircraft,

are very tall that rain occasionally falls from clouds that
form along the ceilings.
39. Most sand dunes are always in motion as wind pushes
sand upward one side of each dune, over the top, and
down the other side.

40. Farms of maize, beans, and tobacco, the Wendat,

Native American tribes that inhabited present-day
Michigan, lived a sedentary life in densely
populated villages.
 PRACTICE 5 (A) to whom
(B) of which
1. Associated with the Denishawn company from 1916 (C) who
until 1923, Martha Graham developed a powerful ___ ___ (D) which
that was integral to the foundations of modern dance.
(A) expressively stylish 7. The best known books of Ross Macdonald, _____ writer
(B) a style expressive of detective novels, feature the character Lew Archer, a
(C) stylishly expressive private detective.
(D) expressive style (A) is the
(B) is an
2. Some snakes lay eggs, but others _____ birth to live (C) they are by
offspring. (D) the
(A) give
(B) giving 8. The first building to employ steel skeleton construction,
(C) they give _____ _____ _____.
(D) to have given (A) Chicago, Illinois, the home of the Home Insurance
Company Building completed in 1885
3. Because it was so closely related to communication, (B) the Home Insurance Company Building in
_____ art form to develop. Chicago, Illinois, was completed in 1885
(A) drawing was probably the earliest (C) because the Home Insurance Company Building
(B) to draw early was probably in Chicago, Illinois, was completed in 1885
(C) early drawing probably (D) the Home Insurance Company Building in
(D) the earliest draw Chicago, Illinois, in 1885

4. Halley's Comet had its first documented sighting in 240 9. During the course of its growth, a frog undergoes a true
B.C. in China and _____ it has been seen from the Earth 29 metamorphosis _____ with a fishlike larval stage.
times. (A) begin
(A) after (B) began
(B) because of (C) beginning
(C) since then (D) is begun
(D) that is
10. Mahalia Jackson, _____ combined powerful vitality
5. _____ that managers commit in problem solving is with great dignity, was one of the best-known gospel
jumping to a conclusion about the cause of a given singers in the United States.
problem. (A) it was her singing
(A) Major errors (B) which songs
(B) Since the major error (C) who sang
(C) The major error (D) whose singing
(D) Of the major errors

6. Algonkian-speaking Native Americans greeted the

Pilgrims _____ settled on the eastern shores of what is
now New England.
11. Precious metals, gems, and ivory have been used to 16. In the New England colonies, Chippendale designs
make buttons, but most buttons are made of _____ wood, were adapted to locally tastes, and beautiful furniture
glass, or plastic. resulted.
(A) such materials that
(B) materials as such 17. According to most psychological studies, body
(C) such materials as language expresses a speaker's emotions and attitudes,
(D) such materials and it also tends to affect the emotions and attitudes of the
listen.
12. Outside the bright primary rainbow, _____ much
fainter secondary rainbow may be visible. 18. The dachshund is a hardy, alert dog with a well sense
(A) so of smell.
(B) a
(C) since 19. Quasars, faint celestial objects resembling stars, are
(D) still perhaps the most distant objects know.

13. Any critic, teacher, librarian, or poet who hopes to
broaden poetry's audience faces the difficult challenge of
persuading skeptical readers _____.
(A) that poetry is important today
(B) for poetry to be important today
(C) to be important poetry today
(D) poetry that is important today
20. The importance of environmental stimuli in the
development of coordination between sensory input and
motor response varies to species to species.
21. A smile can be observed, described, and reliably
identify; it can also be elicited and manipulated under
experimental conditions.

14. Following the guidelines for speaking and voting 22. A musical genius, John Cage is noted for his highly
established by the book Robert's Rules of Order, _____ unconventional ideas, and he respected for his unusual
during meetings. compositions and performances.
(A) and avoid large decision-making organizations'
procedural confusion 23. Chocolate is prepared by a complexity process of
(B) large decision-making organizations avoid procedural cleaning, blending, and roasting cocoa beans, which must
confusion be ground and mixed with sugar.
(C) is procedural confusion avoided by large decision-
making organizations 24. Several million points on the human body registers
(D) are avoiding procedural confusion in large decision- either cold, heat, pain, or touch.
making organizations
25. In the 1800's store owners sold everything from a
15. Indigo is a vat color, _____ called because it does not needle to a plow, trust everyone, and never took
dissolve in water. inventory.
(A) which it
(B) it is 26. Although they reflect a strong social conscience,
(C) but Arthur Miller's stage works are typical more concerned
(D) so with individuals than with systems.
27. While highly prized for symbolizing good luck, the
four-leaf clover is rarity found in nature.
28. An involuntary reflex, an yawn is almost impossible to
stop once the mouth muscles begin the stretching action.
29. Elected to serve in the United States House of
Representatives in 1968, Shirley Chisholm was known for
advocacy the interests of the urban poor.
30. A mirage is an atmospheric optical illusion in what an
observer sees a nonexistent body of water or an image of
some object.
38. American painter Georgia O'Keeffe is well known as
her large paintings of flowers in which single blossoms
are presented as if in close-up.
39. Despite television is the dominant entertainment
medium for United States households, Garrison Keillor's
Saturday night radio show of folk songs and stories is
heard by millions of people.
40. The work which the poet Emma Lazarus is best known
is "The New Colossus," which is inscribed on the pedestal
of the Statue of Liberty.

31. Turquoise, which found in microscopic crystals, is

opaque with a waxy luster, varying in color from greenish
gray to sky blue.

32. Homo erectus is the name commonly given into the

primate species from which humans are believed to have
evolved.

33. Today, modern textile mills can manufacture as much

fabrics in a few seconds as it once took workers weeks to
produce by hand.

34. The Hopi, the westernmost tribe of Pueblo Indians,

have traditionally lived large multilevel structures
clustered in towns.
35. Exploration of the Solar System is continuing, and at
the present rate of progress all the planets will have been
contacted within the near 50 years.

36. Since their appearance on farms in the United States

between 1913 and 1920, trucks have changed patterns of
production and market of farm products.

37. Antique collecting became a significant pastime in the

1800's when old object began to be appreciated for their
beauty as well as for their historical importance.
 PRACTICE 6 (B) which have no
(C) not having
1. Margaret Brent, because of her skill in managing (D) they do not have
estates, became _____ largest landholders in colonial
Maryland. 7. The American Academy of Poets, _____ the 1930's,
(A) what the provides financial assistance to support working poets.
(B) one of the (A) when it was founded
(C) who the (B) was founded
(D) the one that (C) which was founded in
(D) was founded in
2. Portland, Maine, is _____ the poet Henry Wadsworth
Longfellow spent his early years. 8. During the Pleistocene glacial periods _____ portions of
(A) where the Earth where plant and animal life flourished, making
(B) it where it possible
(C) where is for people to subsist.
(D) which is where (A) the
(B) it was
3. As consumers' response to traditional advertising (C) there were
techniques declines, businesses are beginning _____ new (D) have there been
methods of reaching customers.
(A) the development that 9. The photographs of Carrie Mae Weems, in which she
(B) it developing often makes her family members _____ , are an
(C) develop affectionate and incisive representation of the African
(D) to develop American experience.
(A) are her subjects
4. The knee is _____ most other joints in the body because (B) her subjects
it cannot twist without injury. (C) are subjects
(A) more likely to be damaged than (D) which her subjects
(B) likely to be more than damaged
(C) more than likely to be damaged 10. Hubble's law states that the greater the distance
(D) to be damaged more than likely between any two galaxies, _____ is their relative speed of
separation.
5. The quince is an attractive shrub or small tree _____ (A) the greatest
closely related to the apple and pear trees. (B) the greater
(A) is (C) greater than
(B) that is (D) as great as
(C) that it is
(D) is that which 11. The onion is characterized by an edible bulb
composed of leaves rich in sugar and a pungent oil, _____
the vegetable's strong taste.
6. Many gases, including the nitrogen and oxygen in air (A) which the source of
_____ color or odor. (B) that the source is
(A) have no (C) the source of
(D) of the source is 19. The main purpose of classifying animals is to show the
12. A regional writer with a gift for dialect, _____ her most probable evolutionary relationship of the different
fiction with the eccentric, comic, but vital inhabitants of species to each another.
rural Mississippi.
(A) and Eudora Welty is peopling 20. Matthew C. Perry, a United States naval commander,
(B) Eudora Welty peoples gained fame not in war and through diplomacy.
(C) because Eudora Welty peoples
(D) Eudora Welty, to people 21. One of the most impressive collections of nineteenth-
century European paintings in the United States can be
13. Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor the found to the Philadelphia Museum of Art.
air contains at a certain temperature _____ with the
amount it could hold at that temperature. 22. Three of every four migrating water birds in North
(A) to compare America visits the Gulf of Mexico's winter wetlands.
(B) compared 23. Charleston, West Virginia, was named for Charles
(C) comparing Clendenin, who son George acquired land at the junction
(D) compares of the Elk and Kanawha rivers in 1787.

14. Scientists believe the first inhabitants of the Americas
arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia
and _____ more than 10,000 years ago.
(A) this is Alaska now
(B) Alaska is now
(C) is now Alaska
(D) what is now Alaska
15. Fibers of hair and wool are not continuous and must
normally be spun into thread _____ woven into textile
fabrics.
(A) as are they
(B) when to be
(C) that they are
(D) if they are to be
16. The Armory Show, held in New York in 1913, was a
important exhibition of modern European art.
17. Ripe fruit is often stored in a place who contains much
carbon dioxide so that the fruit will not decay too rapidly.
18. In 1852 Massachusetts passed a law requiring all
children from four to eighteen years of old to attend
school.
24. Financier Andrew Mellon donated most of his
magnificent art collection to the National Gallery of Art,
where it is now locating.
25. Soil temperatures in Death Valley, California, near the
Nevada border, have been known to reach 90 of degrees
Celsius.
26. When the Sun, Moon, and Earth are alignment and the
Moon crosses the Earth's orbital plane, a solar eclipse
occurs.
27. Mary Cassatt's paintings of mothers and children are
known for its fine linear rhythm, simple modelings and
harmonies of clear color.
28. Plants synthesize carbohydrates from water and
carbon dioxide with the aid of energy is derived from
sunlight.
29. The best American popular music balances a powerful
emotions of youth with tenderness, grace, and wit.
30. In the nineteenth century, women used quilts to
inscribe their responses to social, economic, and politics
issues.
31. Fossils in 500-million-year-old rocks demonstrate that
life forms in the Cambrian period were mostly marine
animals capability of secreting calcium to form shells.

32. Rainbows in the shape of complete circles are

sometimes seen from airplanes because they are not
cutting off by the horizon.

33. Hot at the equator causes the air to expand, rise, and
flow toward the poles.

34. Although research has been ongoing since 1930, the

existence of ESP -perception and communication without
the use of sight, hear, taste, touch, or smell - is still
disputed.

35. As many as 50 percent of the income from motion

pictures produced in the United States comes from
marketing the films abroad.

36. Sleep is controlled by the brain and associated by

characteristic breathing rhythms.

37. The walls around the city of Quebec, which was

originally a fort military, still stand, making Quebec the
only walled city in North America.

38. The manufacture of automobile was extremely

expensive until assembly-line techniques made them
cheaper to produce.

39. The ballad is characterized by informal diction, by a

narrative largely dependent on action and dialogue, by
thematic intense, and by stress on repetition.

40. Eleanor Roosevelt set the standard against which the

wives of all United States
Presidents since have evaluated.
 PRACTICE 7 (A) Most is
(B) It mostly is
1. In 1992 Albert Gore, Jr., the son of a former United (C) Is it most
States senator, became _____ Vice President of the Unites (D) What is most
States.
(A) who was the forty-fifth 7. The face of the Moon is changed by collisions with
(B) and the forty-fifth meteoroids, _____ new craters to appear.
(C) the forty-fifth (A) cause
(D) he was the forty-fifth (B) causing
(C) caused
2. _____ a major role in future planetary exploration. (D) have cause
(A) Robots will surely play
(B) Robots, which will surely play 8. Social scientists believe that _____ from sounds such as
(C) Because robots will surely be playing grunts and barks made by early ancestors of human
(D) Surely robots, which will be playing beings.
(A) the very slow development of language
3. Unlike the owl, bats cannot see very sell, but they do (B) language developed very slowly
have _____. (C) language, which was very slow to develop
(A) it hears very well (D) language, very slowly developing
(B) very good to hear
(C) hearing very sell 9. _____ substances include various forms of silica,
(D) very good hearing pumice, and emery.
(A) Natural abrasives occur
4. Comparatively few cities in the United States have (B) Abrasion occurs in natural
competing newspapers today, a major change from 1900 (C) Naturally occurring abrasive
_____ more than two newspapers. (D) A natural occurrence of abrasion
(A) because then most large cities having
(B) when did most large cities have 10. _____ in the upper part of their long, thin legs allow
(C) then most large cities that had deer to run swiftly and jump far.
(D) when most large cities had (A) Muscles are powerful
(B) There are powerful muscles
5. Witch hazel extract, _____ distilled from the bark and (C) The powerful muscles that
twigs of the witch hazel shrub, has been utilized in (D) Powerful muscles
medicine.
(A) is 11. Geophysicists have collaborated with archaeologists
(B) when to be and anthropologists to study the magnetic properties of
(C) which is pottery and fireplaces at sites _____ by early humans.
(D) has been (A) occupied
(B) occupying
(C) which occupy
6. _____ touching in P. Henry's stories is the gallantry (D) were occupied
with which ordinary people struggle to maintain their
dignity.
12. _____ technically proficient : it also explores
psychological questions.
(A) Not only is Barbara Astman's artwork
(B) Not only Barbara Astman's artwork
(C) Barbara Astman's artwork, which is not only
(D) Barbara Astman's artwork not only
13. Although Canada's Parliament can neither administer
or enforce laws _____ initiate policy, it does have the
power to make laws and vote on the allocation of funds.
(A) not
(B) nor
(C) and
(D) either
14. Willa Cather considered her novel of life in nineteenth-
century Nebraska, My Antonia, _____.
(A) was her best work
(B) her best work
(C) her best work it was
(D) being her best work
15. First designated in 1970, Earth Day has become an
annual international event _____ concerns about
environmental issues
such as pollution.
(A) dedicated to raising
(B) dedicated raising
(C) dedicates to raise
(D) that dedicates to raising
16. Martha Graham, a leading figure in modern dance,
made she debut in 1920 with the Denishawn School.
17. In the United States, the federal government is
responsible to regulating the working conditions in
factories.
18. Jupiter is a gaseous planet with an atmosphere
composed most of hydrogen and helium.
19. Throughout her career Georgia O'Keeffe paid
meticulous attention to her craft: her brushes were always
clean, her colors fresh and brightness.
20. Hydrogen, the nine most abundant element in the
Earth's crust, is an odorless, colorless, and tasteless gas.
21. Salamanders are frequently to be find in moist,
wooded areas.
22. Steam engines have been replaced in most cases by
more economical and efficiency devices, such as the
electric motor.
23. Traditionally, the Fourth of July is celebrated in the
United States with political speeches, picnics, and most
important of all, a displayed of fireworks at night.
24. The styles of used in cartoon animation range from
relatively realistic representations of everyday life to the
most romantic and impossible fantasy
25. Ordinary beaver dams vary in length from a few feet
to a hundred feet or more than.
26. In the United States, presidential elections are held
once every four year.
27. Except of the freehand toe, the feet of the gull are fully
webbed.
28. Teaching machines are devices that can store
instructionally information present displays, receive
responses from a learner, and act on those responses.
29. Charlotte Perkins Gilman is known primarily as an
author of short stories, but she also wrote an influential
book argued for equal economic opportunities
for women.
30. In some areas of the United States, unfavorable climate
or soil make farming an impossible task.
31. Naturalists have identified at least four hundred of
species of mammals and six hundred types of birds in the
state of California.

32. Instead of tooth, the blue whale has a row of bony

plates in its mouth that functions as a food-collecting
device.

33. Murres are black-and white diving birds that mate

every five or six years and lay only a single egg at time.

34. A bar code consists a pattern of lines and bars that a

computer can translate into information.
35. Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly to
backwards.

36. Fluorine, a greenish-yellow gas that is slightly heavy

than air, is poisonous and corrosive and has a penetrating
and disagreeable odor.

37. The Everglades, a large swamp area, is an unique

wilderness extending over much of southern Florida.

38. Each year millions of tons of fertile topsoil that could

produce good crops washed away by rains.

39. Since the 1950's, folk music has had a significant

influence on many popular vocal and instrumental music.

40. Although Christopher Columbus failed in his original

goal, the discoveries he did make were as important than
the route to Asia he expected to find.
PRACTICE 1 5. A 10. D 15. B 20. D which

1. D 6. B 11. C 16. D or 21. A Opened 31. C solve (or) to solve

2. B 7. C 12. C 17. C diluted 22. D owning 32. A evident
3. D 8. B 13. A 18. C set 23. A Like 33. B from
4. A 9. D 14. D 19. C such a 24. B lowest 34. D fifteenth
5. D 10. A 15. B 20. B are 25. C its 35. D those
26. C from escaping 36. B from the
21. B their 31. D which 27. B valued 37. B settings
22. B teeth 32. B they 28. B collections 38. C native plants
23. D dramatically 33. C attract 29. A protection 39. C slender
24. B depends on 34. C but on account of 30. C recent 40. C intentionally
25. B from 35. A originally
26. B reached 36. B diverse topics
27. D which 37. A an electronic
28. C the 38. A cheerfully PRACTICE 4
29. D inner layer 39. A Pharmacists 1. C 6. C 11. C 16. A applied
30. D being found 40. D since the end 2. D 7. A 12. D 17. B smooth
3. C 8. B 13. B 18. A many
PRACTICE 2 4. B 9. C 14. A 19. B is believed
1. A 6. B 11. D 16. C admired 5. C 10. D 15. A 20. C using
2. A 7. D 12. C 17. A first
3. A 8. D 13. C 18. B less 21. D other 31. D industries
4. B 9. A 14. D 19. B such as the 22. B of 32. B thoroughly
5. B 10. C 15. D 20. A retired 23. C her 33. A abundant
24. D them 34. D and
21. D to transport 31. C her 25. B organizing 35. C including
22. C structure 32. A interest 26. C travel 36. D material from
23. D severe 33. D colors 27. B introduced 37. D who
24. D wide 34. A concerned with 28. A Between 38. B so
25. C roam freely (or related to) 29. C particles 39. B up
26. A mammals 35. C their 30. C maintained 40. A Farmers
27. C the 36. B types
28. D symbolism 37. A covers an area PRACTICE 5
29. B by 38. C familiarity 1. D 6. C 11. C 16. B local
30. D light 39. D densities 2. A 7. D 12. B 17. D listener
40. A which still 3. A 8. B 13. A 18. C good
4. C 9. C 14. B 19. D known
PRACTICE 3 5. C 10. D 15. D 20. D from
1. A 6. B 11. C 16. D her
2. A 7. D 12. C 17. C is sold 21. B identified 31. A found (or) which is
3. B 8. B 13. C 18. D other 22. C he is respected found
4. D 9. A 14. D 19. D to study 23. A complex 32. B to
24. C register 33. A fabric 27. A Except for 37. B a
25. C trusted 34. C lived in large 28. A instructional 38. D crops are washed
26. B typically 35. D next 29. C book arguing 39. D much
27. D rarely 36. D marketing 30. B and 40. C more
28. A a 37. C objects
29. C advocating 38. A for
30. B in which 39. A Although
40. A work for which (or)
work by which

PRACTICE 6
1. B 6. A 11. C 16. B an
2. A 7. C 12. B 17. C which
3. D 8. C 13. B 18. D old (or) of
4. A 9. B 14. D age
5. B 10. B 15. D 19. D other
20. C but

21. D at (or) in 31. D capable

22. C visit 32. C are not cut
23. B whose 33. A Heat
24. D located 34. D hearing
25. D degrees 35. A. As much as
26. B are aligned 36. C associated with
27. B their 37. B military fort
28. C derived 38. A automobiles
29. B erase a 39. C intensity
30. D political 40. D have been evaluated

PRACTICE 7
1. C 6. D 11. A 16. B her
2. A 7. B 12. A 17. B for
3. D 8. B 13. B 18. C mostly
4. D 9. C 14. B 19. D bright
5. C 10. D 15. A 20. A ninth

21. B found 31. B hundred species

22. D efficient 32. A teeth
23. D display 33. D at a time
24. A styles used 34. A consists of a
25. D more 35. D backwards
26. D years 36. B heavier