Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
INVESTMENTS
Principles and Concepts
WILEY
Contents
Calculating Expected Return for a Security, 179 The Implications of Reducing Risk by Holding
Calculating Risk for a Security, 179 Portfolios, 224
Checking Your Understanding, 180 Summary, 225
Introduction to Modern Portfolio Theory, 181
Portfolio Return and Risk, 181 *
Portfolio Expected Return, 182 '
Capital Market Theory, 231
Port/olio Risk, 183
Capital Market Theory Assumptions, 231
Analyzing Portfolio Risk, 184
Introduction of The Risk-Free Asset, 232
Risk Reduction—The Insurance Principle, 184
• Risk-Free Borrowing and Lending, 232
Diversification, 185
Checking Your Understanding, 234
Checking Your Understanding, 186 ;
The Equilibrium Return-Risk Tradeoff, 234
The Components of Portfolio Risk, 186
The Capital Market Line, 234
The Correlation Coefficient, 186
Checking Your Understanding, 239
Checking Your Understanding, 188 The Security Market Line, 239
Covariance, 189
Relating the Correlation Coefficient and the
Checking Your Understanding, 244
Covariance, 190
Estimating the SML, 245
Calculating Portfolio Risk, 191
Estimating Beta, 245
The Two-Security Case, 191
Tests of the CAPM, 248
Arbitrage Pricing Theory, 249
The n-Security Case, 194
The Law of One Price, 249
Checking Your Understanding, 194
Assumptions of APT, 250
Obtaining the Data, 195
Factor Models, 250
Simplifying the Markowitz Calculations, 196
Understanding the APT Model, 251
Summary, 197
Identifying the Factors, 252
Using APT in Investment Decisions, 253
Checking Your Understanding, 253
204
Some Conclusions about Asset Pricing, 254
Building a Portfolio using Markowitz Summary, 254
Principles, 205
Identify Optimal Risk-Return Combinations,'205
The Attainable Set of Portfolios, 205
Selecting an Optimal Portfolio of Risky Assets, 207 ffiffl fflffllBllll STOCKS: ANALYSIS,
The Global Perspective—International
Diversification, 209
Some Important Conclusions about the
Markowitz Model, 209\
Checking Your Understanding, 210 Overview, 262
Alternative Methods of Obtaining the Discounted Cash Flow Models, 263
Efficient Frontier, 210 Two DCF Approaches, 264
Selecting Optimal Asset Classes—The Asset The Dividend Discount Model, 264
Allocation Decision, 210 Applying the DDM, 265
Asset Allocation and Diversification, 212 The DDM Equation, 265
Some Major Asset Classes, 212 Implementing the DDM, 266
Combining Asset Classes, 214 Estimating Future Dividends, 266
Asset Classes and Correlation Coefficients, 215 Checking Your Understanding, 267
Asset Allocation and the Individual Growth Rate Cases for the DDM, 267
Investor, 216 The Zero Growth Rate Model, 267
Asset Allocation and Index Mutual Funds, 220 The Constant Growth Rate Model, 268
Life Cycle Analysis, 220 How k and g Affect Value, 270
Other Approaches, 220 The Multiple Growth Rate Model, 271
Checking Your Understanding, 221 Dividends, Dividends—What About Capital
The Impact of Diversification on Risk, 222 Gains?, 274
Systematic and Nonsystematic Risk, 222 The Dividend Discount Model in Practice, 275
How Many Securities are Needed to Fully Diversify?, 223 Checking Your Understanding, 276
VIII CONTENTS