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HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE
AND WATER BUDGET
EQUATION
CONCEPT OF HYDROLOGY
Hydrology is a science that studies the
availability and movement of water in the
earth.
Hydrology is also defined as a science related
to the occurrence and distribution of natural
water on the earth.
As general, hydrology covers many type of
water, including transformation among liquid,
solid and gas in atmosphere, surface and
subsurface land.
Hydrology is a study of water supply, major
floods and droughts and their management,
drainage and urban storm water issues.
Interception, or canopy
interception, refers to
precipitation that does not reach
the soil, but is instead
intercepted by the leaves and
branches of plants. It occurs in
the canopy, and in the forest
ground litter.
Because of evaporation,
interception of liquid water
generally leads to loss of that
precipitation for the drainage
basin, except for cases such as
fog interception
Discussion :
Recognize the effect of soils use
toward hydrological cycle ..
RURAL URBAN
Where,
P – Precipitation,
(primary input and the starting point in the analysis)
R – Runoff;
G – Groundwater;
E – Evaporation;
T – Transpiration.
All terms in equation have dimensions of volume but can be expressed as depth
over the catchment. Infiltration does not appear explicitly in the water budget
equation, because it is loss to runoff but a gain to groundwater system.
EXAMPLE 1:
(Answer : 14.53 cm )