GHS hazard

statements

Hazard statements form part of the

Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
(GHS). They are intended to form a set of
standardized phrases about the hazards
of chemical substances and mixtures that
can be translated into different
languages.[1][2] As such, they serve the
same purpose as the well-known R-
phrases, which they are intended to
replace.

Hazard statements are one of the key

elements for the labelling of containers
under the GHS, along with:[3]

an identification of the product

one or more hazard pictograms (where
necessary)
a signal word – either Danger or
Warning – where necessary
precautionary statements, indicating
how the product should be handled to
minimize risks to the user (as well as to
 other people and the general
environment)
the identity of the supplier (who might
be a manufacturer or importer).

Each hazard statement is designated a

code, starting with the letter H and
followed by three digits. Statements which
correspond to related hazards are grouped
together by code number, so the
numbering is not consecutive. The code is
used for reference purposes, for example
to help with translations, but it is the actual
phrase which should appear on labels and
safety data sheets.[4]

Physical hazards
Physical hazards
Code Phrase

H200 Unstable explosive

H201 Explosive; mass explosion hazard

H202 Explosive; severe projection hazard

H203 Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard

H204 Fire or projection hazard

H205 May mass explode in fire

H220 Extremely flammable gas

H221 Flammable gas

H222 Extremely flammable aerosol

H223 Flammable aerosol

H224 Extremely flammable liquid and vapour

H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour

H226 Flammable liquid and vapour

H227 Combustible liquid

H228 Flammable solid

H229 Pressurized container: may burst if heated

H230 May react explosively even in the absence of air

H231 May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature

H240 Heating may cause an explosion

H241 Heating may cause a fire or explosion

H242 Heating may cause a fire

H250 Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air

H251 Self-heating; may catch fire

H252 Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire

H260 In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously

H261 In contact with water releases flammable gas

H270 May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer

H271 May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer

H272 May intensify fire; oxidizer

H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated

H281 Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury

H290 May be corrosive to metals

Health hazards
H300: Fatal if swallowed
H301: Toxic if swallowed
H302: Harmful if swallowed
H303: May be harmful if swallowed
H304: May be fatal if swallowed and
enters airways
H305: May be harmful if swallowed and
enters airways
H310: Fatal in contact with skin
H311: Toxic in contact with skin
H312: Harmful in contact with skin
H313: May be harmful in contact with
skin
H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye
damage
H315: Causes skin irritation
H316: Causes mild skin irritation
H317: May cause an allergic skin
reaction
H318: Causes serious eye damage
H319: Causes serious eye irritation
H320: Causes eye irritation
H330: Fatal if inhaled
H331: Toxic if inhaled
H332: Harmful if inhaled
H333: May be harmful if inhaled
H334: May cause allergy or asthma
symptoms or breathing difficulties if
inhaled
H335: May cause respiratory irritation
H336: May cause drowsiness or
dizziness
H340: May cause genetic defects
H341: Suspected of causing genetic
defects
H350: May cause cancer
H351: Suspected of causing cancer
H360: May damage fertility or the
unborn child
H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or
the unborn child
H361d: Suspected of damaging the
unborn child
H361f: Suspected of damaging fertility
H362: May cause harm to breast-fed
children
H370: Causes damage to organs
H371: May cause damage to organs
H372: Causes damage to organs
through prolonged or repeated exposure
H373: May cause damage to organs
through prolonged or repeated exposure
H300+H310: Fatal if swallowed or in
contact with skin
H300+H330: Fatal if swallowed or if
inhaled
H310+H330: Fatal in contact with skin
or if inhaled
H300+H310+H330: Fatal if swallowed,
in contact with skin or if inhaled
H301+H311: Toxic if swallowed or in
contact with skin
H301+H331: Toxic if swallowed or if
inhaled
 H311+H331: Toxic in contact with skin
or if inhaled
H301+H311+H331: Toxic if swallowed,
in contact with skin or if inhaled
H302+H312: Harmful if swallowed or in
contact with skin
H302+H332: Harmful if swallowed or if
inhaled
H312+H332: Harmful in contact with
skin or if inhaled
H302+H312+H332: Harmful if
swallowed, in contact with skin or if
inhaled

Environmental hazards
 H400: Very toxic to aquatic life
H401: Toxic to aquatic life
H402: Harmful to aquatic life
H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with
long-lasting effects
H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long-
lasting effects
H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long-
lasting effects
H413: May cause long-lasting harmful
effects to aquatic life
H420: Harms public health and the
environment by destroying ozone in the
upper atmosphere

Country-specific hazard
Country-specific hazard
statements
European Union

The European Union has implemented the

GHS through the CLP Regulation.
Nevertheless, the older system based on
the Dangerous Substances Directive wase
used in parallel until June 2015. Some R-
phrases which do not have simple
equivalents under the GHS have been
retained under the CLP Regulation:[5] the
numbering mirrors the number of the
previous R-phrase.

Physical properties
 EUH001: Explosive when dry
EUH006: Explosive with or without
contact with air, deleted in the fourth
adaptation to technical progress of CLP.
EUH014: Reacts violently with water
EUH018: In use may form
flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
EUH019: May form explosive peroxides
EUH044: Risk of explosion if heated
under confinement

Health properties
 EUH029: Contact with water liberates
toxic gas
EUH031: Contact with acids liberates
toxic gas
EUH032: Contact with acids liberates
very toxic gas
EUH066: Repeated exposure may cause
skin dryness or cracking
EUH070: Toxic by eye contact
EUH071: Corrosive to the respiratory
tract

Environmental properties

EUH059: Hazardous to the ozone layer,

superseded by GHS Class 5.1 in the
 second adaptation to technical progress
of CLP.

Other EU hazard statements

Some other hazard statements intended

for use in very specific circumstances
have also been retained under the CLP
Regulation.[6] Note that, in this case, the
numbering of the EU specific hazard
statements can coincide with GHS hazard
statements if the "EU" prefix is not
included.

EUH201: Contains lead. Should not be

used on surfaces liable to be chewed or
sucked by children.
 EUH201A: Warning! Contains lead.
EUH202: Cyanoacrylate. Danger. Bonds
skin and eyes in seconds. Keep out of
the reach of children.
EUH203: Contains chromium(VI). May
produce an allergic reaction.
EUH204: Contains isocyanates. May
produce an allergic reaction.
EUH205: Contains epoxy constituents.
May produce an allergic reaction.
EUH206: Warning! Do not use together
with other products. May release
dangerous gases (chlorine).
EUH207: Warning! Contains cadmium.
Dangerous fumes are formed during
use. See information supplied by the
manufacturer. Comply with the safety
instructions.
EUH208: Contains <name of sensitising
substance>. May produce an allergic
reaction.
EUH209: Can become highly flammable
in use.
EUH209A: Can become flammable
in use.
EUH210: Safety data sheet available on
request.
EUH401: To avoid risks to human health
and the environment, comply with the
instructions for use.
Australia

The GHS was adopted in Australia from 1

January 2012 and becomes mandatory in
States and Territories that have adopted
the harmonised Work Health and Safety
laws (other than Victoria and Western
Australia) as of 1 January 2017.[7] The
National Code of Practice for the
Preparation of Safety Data Sheets for
Hazardous Chemicals [8] includes 12
Australian-specific GHS Hazard
Statements, as follows:

Physical hazard statements

 AUH001: Explosive when dry
AUH006: Explosive with or without
contact with air
AUH014: Reacts violently with water
AUH018: In use, may form
flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
AUH019: May form explosive peroxides
AUH044: Risk of explosion if heated
under confinement

Human health hazard statements

AUH029: Contact with water liberates

toxic gas
AUH031: Contact with acids liberates
toxic gas
Additional non-GHS hazard
statements

AUH032: Contact with acids liberates

very toxic gas
AUH066: Repeated exposure may cause
skin dryness or cracking
AUH070: Toxic by eye contact
AUH071: Corrosive to the respiratory
tract

New Zealand

As of March 2009, the relevant New

Zealand regulations under the Hazardous
Substances and New Organisms Act 1996
do not specify the exact wording required
for hazard statements. However, the New
Zealand classification system includes
three categories of environmental hazard
which are not included in the GHS Rev.2:

Ecotoxicity to soil environment

Ecotoxicity to terrestrial vertebrates
Ecotoxicity to terrestrial invertebrates

These are classes 9.2–9.4 respectively of

the New Zealand classification scheme,
and are divided into subclasses according
to the degree of hazard.[9] Substances in
subclass 9.2D ("Substances that are
slightly harmful in the soil environment")
do not require a hazard statement, while
substances in the other subclasses
require an indication of the general degree
of hazard and general type of hazard.[10]

Notes
1. The United Nations has published the list
of GHS hazard statements in all UN official
languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French,
Russian, Spanish): it can be found in Annex
3 of GHS Rev.2 for the corresponding
language.
2. A list of translations into all the European
Union official languages can be found in
Annex III to the CLP Regulation, on
pages 146–91 of the official English-
language version for the GHS statements
and pages 192–209 for the EU-specific
statements.
3. Part 1, section 1.4.10.5.2, GHS Rev.2
4. Part 1, section 1.4.10.5.2(b)(ii), GHS
Rev.2
5. Annex III, CLP Regulation, pp. 192–200.
6. Annex III, CLP Regulation, pp. 200–9.
7.
http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/
swa/whs-information/hazardous-
chemicals/pages/hazardous-chemicals-
other-substances
8.
http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/sites/
SWA/about/Publications/Documents/642/
Preparation_of_Safety_Data_Sheet_for_Haz
ardous_Chemicals2.pdf
9. Schedule 6, Hazardous Substances
(Classification) Regulations 2001
10. reg. 20, Hazardous Substances
(Identification) Regulations 2001

References
Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labelling of
Chemicals (Fourth revised ed.), New
York and Geneva: United Nations, 2011,
ISBN 978-92-1-117042-9,
ST/SG/AC.10/30/Rev.2 ("GHS Rev.4")
Globally Harmonized System of
Classification and Labelling of
Chemicals (Second revised ed.), New
York and Geneva: United Nations, 2007,
ISBN 978-92-1-116957-7,
ST/SG/AC.10/30/Rev.2 ("GHS Rev.2")
Hazardous Substances (Classification)
Regulations 2001 (SR 2001/113) (New
Zealand)
Hazardous Substances (Identification)
Regulations 2001 (SR 2001/124) (New
Zealand)
"Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the
European Parliament and of the Council
of 16 December 2008 on classification,
 labelling and packaging of substances
and mixtures, amending and repealing
Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC,
and amending Regulation (EC) No
1907/2006" , OJCE (L353): 1–1355,
2008-12-31 (the "CLP Regulation")

External links
Chemical Hazard & Precautionary
Phrases in 23 European Languages

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