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I. Introduction

A Hydraulic Robotic Arm is a system combined by machines and hydraulic. It is applied

in all kinds of large engineering equipment’s. In hydraulic robotic arm, the dynamic differential

equation is built with the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder as the main force. Our goal is to

create an innovative hydraulic robotic arm that is fun and enjoyable to use and the materials used

are readily available.

Hydraulics involve movement by fluid under pressure. Pneumatics involve the

mechanical properties of air and other gases. Engineers develop hydraulic arms for a variety of

reasons. Hydraulic arms can be used in situations that are too difficult or dangerous for people to

deal with directly or in automated systems. Examples include arms that lift heavy weights and

arms that hold a load and unload them into specific position.

The hydraulic system functions and performs tasks through using a fluid that is

pressurized. Another way to put this is the pressurized fluid makes things work. The power of

liquid fuel in hydraulics is significant and as a result, hydraulic are commonly used in heavy

equipment. That pressurized fluid acts upon every part of the section of a containing vessel and

creates force or power.

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A. Objectives of the Project

General Objective

 To create an innovative hydraulic robotic arm that is fun and enjoyable to use and

the materials used are readily available.

Specific Objective

 To be able to show how hydraulics work.

 To showcase the mechanism involved in hydraulics.

B. Significance of the Project

 To show the functions and parts of a hydraulic robotic arm.

 To determine the movements of each part of the hydraulic arm.

C. Scope and Limitations

The project is made of the basic parts of a simple hydraulic arm such as cardboard,

barbeque sticks, syringes filled with fluid connected with tubes and a magnet. The hydraulic

robotic arms movement is also limited.

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I. Review of Related Literature

A. Theoretical Framework

Hydraulics (from Greek: hydraulikos)

Is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences

involved in the mechanical properties and use in liquids. At a very basic level, hydraulics is the

liquid counterpart of pneumatics, which concerns gases. Fluid mechanics provide the theoretical

foundation for hydraulics, which focuses on the applied engineering using the properties of

fluids.

Hydraulic system

A mechanism operated by the resistance offered or the pressure transmitted when a liquid is

forced through a small opening or tube

Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per

unit area over which that force is distributed.

Formula: Pressure = Force / Area

Force

Is a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object.

Whenever there is an interaction between two objects, there is a force upon each of the objects.

Formula: Force = Mass * Acceleration

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Pascal's law (the principle of transmission of fluid-pressure)

Is a principle in fluid mechanics that states that a pressure change occurring anywhere in

a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change

occurs everywhere. The law was established by French mathematician Blaise Pascal in 1647–48.

Pascal's law states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid,

there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.

Pascal’s Law Formula:

Force 1 / Area 1 = Force 2 / Area 2

Figure 1: Pascal’s Principle

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B. Conceptual Framework

Figure 2: Conceptual Framework

A flowchart wherein an organized method is advised and preferable. The flowchart above

is the plausible and/or actual methods for the project. The flowchart serves as a

mandatory step in guiding for any back-up plans of errors or accomplishments.

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II. Methodology

A. Materials Needed

 1 whole Chipboard x2

 10mL syringes x 8

 Adhesives (Hot Glue/Mighty Bond)

 Cutting Tools

 Popsicle Sticks

 Barbeque Sticks

 Cable Ties

 Water

 Cooking Oil

 Food Coloring

 1/8 mm Vinyl tube

 Magnet

 Hand drill
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B. Procedure

1. Cut the chipboard to the following dimensions

Forearm 4 x 20 cm

Arm 4 x 26 cm

2 Supporting platform: 7 x 4 cm and 13 cm

Rotating Base 8.5 x 8.5 cm

Main Base 20 x 20 cm

Figure 3: dimensions of parts

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2. Place holes on the parts

3. Connect the parts using barbeque stick.

4. Drill/make a hole into 4 syringes that fits the barbeque stick.

5. Connect pairs of syringes with a vinyl tube and add their designated fluid. Test

their connectivity, make sure there’s zero or almost zero presence of air inside.

6. Put the drilled syringes into their designated part of the mechanism.

7. Test out the movements of the parts of the mechanism using the hydraulic system.

8. Cut the opening of the syringe so that the magnet would fit inside.

9. Make a mixture of oil and water (2 parts oil, 1 part water) 10mL and add food

coloring.

10. Make platform for the controller.

Figure 4: Arm Controller

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11. Place the oil and water mixture into the syringes.

Figure 5: Arm Controller with

liquids

12. Test all of the functions of the mechanism.

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III. Summary and Conclusion

After testing the mechanism, the researchers observed the following:

1. The design of the model is easy and simple for manufacturing and

implementations,

2. The materials are available and are cheap.

3. The model is portable due to its size and weight.

4. This model is an effective and simple tool to educate the concept of hydraulic

power to engineering students.

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IV. References

https://www.slideshare.net/FarhanFahim3/project-report-on-hydraulic-robotic-arm

https://www.instructables.com/id/CARDBOARD-Robotic-Hydraulic-Arm/

http://www.howstuffworks.com/transport/engines-equipments/hydraulic.htm