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[GYPTIAN CODE OF PRACTIGE,;v;. v ^^i


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&HYDRAULIC LIFTS IN BUILIHNGSr*?
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erialDecree Number 82-1994 :. ^< ^v;
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Code of Practice For Lifts

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ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT
Ministry Of Housing And Utilities
General Organization For
Housing, Building And
Planning Research

THE EGYPTIAN CODE OF PRACTICE


FOR
ELECTRIC & HYDRAULIC LIFTS IN BUILDING
Ministerial Decree Number 82-1994

Permanent Committee For The Egyptian


Code of Practice For Lifts

1994
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CONTENTS

page
Introduction 1
Scope and field of application 5
References 7
Definitions 9
Units and symbols 26
Lift well 29
5.1 General provisions 29
5.2 Well enclosure 29
5.3 Protection of any spaces located belowl the car 31
or the counterweight ",'. '" _ \t
5.4 Well containing several lifts ; 32
5.5 Headroom and pit 32
5.6 Exclusive use of the lift well 35
5.7 Lighting of the well 35
Machine and pulley rooms 40
6.1 General provisions 40
6.2 Access 41
6.3 Construction and equipment of machine and 42
pulley rooms
Landing doors 45
7.1 General provisions 45
7.2 Strength of doors and their frames 45
7.3 Height and width of doors 46
7.4 Sills, guides, door suspension 46
7.5 Protection in relation to door operation 47
7.6 Local lighting and " car here " signal lights 48
7.7 Locking and closed landing door check 49
7,8 Closing of automatically operated doors 54
Car and counterweight and clearances 55
in the well
8.1 Height of the car 55
8.2 Available car area, rated load, number 55
of passengers
8.3 Walls, floor and roof of the car 56
8.4 Toe guards 57
8.5 Car entrance 57
8.6 Car doors 57
8.7 Protection during operation of doors 58
8.8 Electrical device for proving the car 60
doors closed
8.9 Case of sliding doors comprising several 60
mechanically interlinked panels
8.10 Opening the car door 61
I
page
page 10 Guides 105
10.1 General provisions 105
8.11 Trap and emergency doors 61 10.2 Stresses and deflections 106
8.12 Car roof 62 10.3 Guide rail brackets, fastening and building 108
8.13 Devices installed on the top of the car 63
8.14 Car ventilation 63 supports
8.15 Car lighting 63 10.4 Guide rail joints andfishplates 109
8.16 Counterweight frame 63 10.5 Overall length of guide rail run 110
8.17 Clearance between the car and the lift well 64 10.6 Informations on the lift layouts 110
wall, and between the car and counterweight 10.7 Commercial sizes of guide rails 110
9E Suspension, compensation, safety gear, and 74 HE Buffers and final limit switches 116
overspeed governor 11E.1 Car and counterweight buffers 116
9E.1 Suspension means 74 11E.2 Stroke of car and counterweight buffers 116
9E.2 Ratio between diameter of sheaves or pulleys 75 . 11E.3 Energy dissipation type buffers 117
and diameter of ropes, safety factor of ropes 11E.4 Final limit switches 118
Rope traction for traction drive lift, Specific 11E.5 Method of operation of final limit switches 118
9E.3 76 11E.6 Safety device in case the car or counterweight 119
pressure meets an obstruction when moving downwards ,
9E.4 Distribution of load between the ropes 76 11H Car buffers and final limit switch 122
9E.5 Compensating ropes 76 11H.1 Car buffers 122
9E.6 Safety gear 77 11H.2 Stroke of the car buffers 122
9E.7 Overspeed governor 79 11H.3 Final limit switch 123
9H Suspension, precautions against free fall, 88 11H.4 Method of operation of final limit switches 124
descent with excessive speed, and creeping 12E Lift machine 126
of the car 12E.1 Drive of the car and counterweight 126
9H.1 Suspension means for indirect acting lifts 88
Ratio between diameter of sheaves or pulleys 12E.2 Types of driving machines 126
9H.2 89 12E.3 Use of overhung pulleys 126
and diameter of ropes, safety factor of ropes
9H.3 Distribution of load between the ropes 90 12E.4 Braking system 126
9H.4 Protection of pulleys used for diversion 90 12E.5 Emergency operation 128
and reeving 12EJ5 Speed 128
Precautions against free fall of the car and 12E.7 Stopping the machine and checking its 129
9H.5 90
descent with excessive speed stopped condition
9H.6 Safety gear 91 12E.8 Checking the slowdown of the machine when 131
9H.7 Overspeed governor 93 reduced stroke buffers are used
9H.8 Safety rope 95 12E.9 Protection of machinery 132
9H.9 Tripping by failure of the 95 12H Machine, jack, and other hydraulic 133
suspension gear equipment
9H.10 Rupture valve and restrictor 96 12H. 1 General provisions 133
9H.11 Precautions against creeping 96 12H.2 Design of cylinder and ram 133
9H.12 Electrical anti-creep system 96 12H.3 Piping 136
9H.13 Pawl device 96 12H.4 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped 137
9H.14 Clamping device 97 condition
9H.15 Additional tripping of safety gear 101 12H.5 Hydraulic control and safety devices 138
12H.6 decking the pressure 141
12H.7 Fluid level in the tank 141
III
II
page
page
12H.8 Speed 141 16H Examinations, tests, register and servicing 183
16H. 1 Examinations and tests 183
12H.9 Manual emergency operation 141 16H.2 Register 192
12R10 Protection of the pulleys on the jack 142 16H.3 Servicing 193
12H.11 Protection of machinery 143
12H.12 Motor run time limiter 143 16H.4 Inspection and testing methods 193
1,2H.13 Protection against overheating of the 143 16H.5 Methods of inspection and judging criteria 194
hydraulic fluid 17 Fundamental needs for disabled people 202
13 Electric installation and appliances
13.1 General provisions
lli
144
17.1 Access for all physically handicapped 202
17.2 Requirement for people with impaired 202
13.2 Contactors and relay contactors 145
13.3 Components of safety circuits 145 mobility
13.4 Main switches 145 17.3 People with impaired mobility 202
13.5 Protection of motors • 146 17.4 Components and space requirements 203
13.6 Electric wiring 147 17.5 Lift car 205
13.7 Lighting and socket outlets 149 18 Recommendations for fire protection 207
14 Protect ion against electric faults, controls, 150 18.1 General provisions 207
priorities 18.2 Specific operations depending on special 208
14.1 Protection against electric faults 150 structural arrangement considered
14.2 Controls 154 18.3 Firemen's lifts 208
15 Notices and operating instructions 161 18.4 Automatic devices for protection 209
15.1 General provisions 161 against fire
15.2 In the car 161 18.5 Electrical operations on the standby 209
15.3 On the car roof 162 supply in the case of fire
15.4 Machine and pulley rooms 162 18.6 Signalling and instruction 210
15.5 On the outside of die well 163
15.6 On the overspeed governor 164
15.7 On the stop switch 164
15.8 On the buffers 164
15.9 Landing identification 164
15.10 Electrical identification 164
15.11 Alarm device 164
15.12 Locking devices 165
15.13 Safety gear 165
15.14 Emergency lowering valve 165
15.15 Hand pump 165
16E Examinations, tests, register and servicing 168
16E.1 Examinations and tests 168
16E.2 Register 176
16E.3 Servicing 177
16E.4 Inspection and testing methods 177
16E.5 Methods of inspection and judging criteria 178

IV V
page
page
Minimun permissible buffer stroke 120
Figures Table 11 125
Figure 1 Examples of structural arrangements 25 Table 3[H] Total possible buffer stroke for hydraulic lifts
Conditions for use of electric safety devices 160
Figure 2 Top clearances for traction drive lifts 39 Table 12 166
Figure 3 Sections of lift well and machine room 69 Table 13 Markings and symbols used in passengers lifts
167
Figure 3[H] Section of hydaulic lift well and 70 Table 14 Landing identification 200
machine room Table 15 Insulation resistance of different circuits 200
Figure 4 a) Lifts forresidentialbuildings 71 Table 16 Loading test
Figure 4b) Lifts for non-residential buildings 72 Table 4[H] Specifications of hydraulic oil for hydraulic lifts 201
Figure 4 Recommended minimum dimensions 72 Table 5[H] Loading test for hydraulic lifts 201
for electric lifts
Figure 5 Unlocking triangle for emergency, trap 73 Illustrations 19
doors, and doors Illustration 1 Electric lift equipment
Hydraulic lift equipment 20
Figure 6 Sample cross-section of wire ropes 87 Illustration 2[H] 21
Figure 7 Guide rails profile for some commercial types 115 Illustration 3 Car sling
Progressive safety block 22
used in practice Illustration 4 23
Figure 8 Graph illustrating strokes required for buffers 121 Illustration 5 Overspeed governor
Energy dissipation type buffer 24
Illustration 6 103
Tables Illustration 7[H1 Arrangement of direct acting
Table 1 : Recommended minimum dimensions for 65 hydraulic lifts 104
electric lifts (residential buildings) Illustration 8[H] Arrangement of indirect acting
Table 1[H] : Recommended minimum dimensions for 66 hydraulic lifts
hydraulic lifts
Table 2 : Recommended minimum dimensions for 67
electric lifts (non-residential buildings)
Table 3 : The relationship between rated load and 68
maximum available area
Table 4.a : Seale-wire type ropes 85
4.b : Double equal lay wire type ropes 85
Table 5 : Maximum tripping speed of different types 86
of overspeed governors
Table 2[H] : Combinations of precautions against free 102
fall of the car, descent with excess speed and
creeping
Table 6 : Buckling factor oo as a function of X for 111
steel of 370 N/mm2 grade
Table 7 : Buckling factor os as a function of X for 112
steel of 520 N/mm2 grade
Table 8 : Bolt diameter for fastening 113
Table 9 : Dimensions of fish plates 113
Table 10 : Selection option of commercial car and 114
counterweight gnide rail profile sizes, applied
in residential buildings lifts with respect to
rated load, rated speed, and bracket spacing

VI VII
0. INTRODUCTION

The object of this standard is to define safety rules related to


both electric and hydraulic passenger.and goods lifts with a view to
safeguarding persons and objects against the risk of accidents
associated with the operation of lifts.

0.1 In drawing up this standard the following methods have been


adopted.

0.1.1 Rules have been drawn up according to an analysis of the risks


that has been carried out for each component incorporated in a
complete lift installation.

0.1.2 This standard specially associated with electric and hydraulic


lifts does not repeat all the general technical rules applicable to
every electrical, mechanical or building construction. It is assumed that
all components shall:

0.1.2.1 be correctly designed. Be of sound mechanical and


electrical construction, be made of materials with adequate strength
and of suitable quality and be free of defects.

0.1.2.2 be kept in good repair and working order. It will in particular


be ensured that dimensional requirements remain fulfilled despite
wear.

1
0.5 Studies of the various accidents with lifts, necessitated the
0.1.3 This special standard for electric and hydraulic lifts does not
give rules relating to protection-against fire of building elements. following to be considered :
However, as these rules have a direct influence on the choice of
landing doors and on specification and design of electrical control 0.5.1 Types ofpossible accidents
system, it is necessary to refer to them. (a) shearing
(b) crushing
0.1.3.1 The choice of the landing doors depends on the required (c) falling
behaviour in fire. The most common structural arrangements have (d) impact
been shown with the corresponding types of door designated by F and (e) tripping
S,Fig.(l). (f)fire
(g) electric shock
(h) damage of material due to wear or corrosion.
0.1.4 This special standard for electric and hydraulic lifts cannot
ignore certain specifications which do not belong intrinsically to the
field of these appliances , but which have an effect on the safety of 0.5.2 Persons to be safeguarded :
passengers or servicing personnel and the upkeep of the installation. (a) passengers
(b) servicing and inspection personnel
0.2 It has, however, been necessary to establish certain requirements of (c) persons outside the lift well, the machine room and pulley
good construction, either because they are peculiar to the lift room (if any).
manufacture or because in the case of lift utilization the requirements
may be more stringent than elsewhere. 0.5.3 Objects to be safeguarded :
(a) loads in car
0.3 As far as possible the standard sets out only the requirements (b) components of the lift installation.
(c) the building in which the lift is installed.
that materials and equipment have to meet in the interests of lift safety.

0,4 When mention is made of a design, this should not be considered to 0.6 In this standard it has been taken into account,
be the only possible; any other solution leading to the same result can
0.6.1 that the passengers have to be safeguarded against their own
be applied if it is equivalent in operation and at least equally safe.
negligence and unwitting carelessness ;

3
2
0.6.2 that there are other categories of users for whom certain rules 1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
may be less severe; i.e., authorized and instructed personnel. In the
This standard deals with "Lifts" which are defined as permanent lifting
absence of another definition it is permissible for the use of a lift to be
reserved for authorized and instructed personnel if the instruction equipment serving defined landing levels, comprising a car, whose
given to them concerning its use are issued by the person responsible dimensions and means of construction clearly permit the access of
for the lift and if the following condition is satisfied: persons, running between rigid vertical guides, and driven electrically
Operation of the lift is only possible when a key held by authorized (Illustration 1) or hydraulically (Illustration 2 ) where the car is
and instructed personnel only is placed in a lock situated inside or suspended by ropes or chains or supported directly by one or more
outside the car. rams.
Lifts serving the transportation of goods,having car dimensioned and
0.7 The standard has been drawn up, taking into account in certain constructed to allow access by persons, shall be entered in this
category aiid are termed goods & passengers lifts . : ■'
cases the imprudent act of a passenger, but it is necessary to limit this
and the possibility of two simultaneous acts of this nature or the abuse
Chapters 9E, HE, 12E, 16E, deal exclusively with electrically
of instruction for use has not been considered.
operated lifts defined in chapter 3.

0.8 This standard deals, with the way in which tests must be made on
Chapters 9H, 11H, 12H, 16H, deal exclusively with hydraulic lifts
certain components as well as on the completed lift installation, when
defined in chapter 3, where the car is directly or indirectly driven by
such tests are required.
the action of one or more hydraulic single acting jacks and whereby
the down movement, (even with empty car), takes place by the
influence of gravity.

The remaining of the text deals with both "electric and hydraulic"
lifts whereby the paragraphs concerning "hydraulic" lifts only are
designated by the letter [HI.

TJie text covers the safety requirements of electric lifts with rated
speed up to 4 m/s, and hydraulic lifts with rated speed upto 1 m/s.

4 S
It does not cover the lifts which come under the following headings : 2. REFERENCES
Service lifts (Dum&waiters), paternosters, rack and pinion elevators, 1) Egyptian Standard Code of practice 1970/2
screw driven elevators, mine lifts, theatrical lifts, appliances with
2) CEN 81-1 : 1985 E part 1 and 2
automatic caging, skips, lifts and hoists for building and public works European committee for standardization .
sites, ship hoists, platforms for exploration or drilling at sea,
3) GENERAL EGYPTIAN AUTHORITY for
construction and maintenance appliances. However, this standard may STANDARDIZATION
usefully be taken as a basis in the following cases : Standard specifications number ES 704-1966
ES 1072-1970
(a) lifts installed in the buildings in existence at ES 325-1980
*the time this standard is brought into applicadon;
4) TRA 200 Technical rules for lifts, October 1971 changes and
(b) important modifications to a lift installed modification 1972,1975,1979, 1982,1984 & 1988 .(GERMAN
before this standard is brought into application. CODE)
5) Safety Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters,
Escalators and moving Walks B44-1975 .
(CANADIAN CODE)
6) Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 4302 Inspection Standard
of Elevator, Escalator and Dumbwaiter
7) ISO 4190/1, Addendum 2 -1980.
ISO 4190/2, -1982(E).
ISO 4190/3, -1982(E).
ISO 4190/5, -1987.
ISO 4190/6, -1984(E).
ISO 7465, -1983.
ISO 4344, -1983 .
; ISO 4345, -1977.
\ ISO 4101, -1983(E).
i

8) ISO Needs of disabled people in building .


9) CENELEC Harmonization Documents
i HD 21 S2 - 1981 Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of
rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V.
HD 22 S2 - 1981 Rubber insulated cables of rated
voltages up to and including 450/750 V.

7
3. DEFINITIONS
HD 214 S2 -1980 Recommended method for determining
the comparative tracking index of solid
insulating materials under moist The following definitions indicate precisely the technical sense in
conditions.
HD 359 - 1976 Flat Polyvinylchloride sheathed which the terms are used in the present standard. They are grouped in
flexible cables. alphabetical order
HD 360 -1976 Rubber-insulated lift cables for normal
use.
HD 384-4-41 - 1980 Electrical installations of buildings Part Annunciator, car: An electrical device in the car which indicates
4: Protection for safety Chapter 41:
Protection against electric shock. visually the landing at which a lift landing signal registering device
HD 419 - 1981 Low-voltage switchgear and control- has been actuated. :--i.% :••■«* <<
gear contactors.
HD 420 - 1981 Control switches (low-voltage
switching devices for control and Authorized and instructed personnel: Persons authorized by the
auxiliary circuits, including contactor
relays), person responsible for the installation to use the lift and who has been
IEC PUBLICATION Classification of external influences instructed in its use.
364-3-1977 Clause 32.

Available car area: Area of the car measured at a height of 1.0 m.


10) British Standard Code of Practice CP407:
1970 Electric, Hydraulic and Hand-Powered Lifts. above the floor level, disregarding handrails, which is available for
passengers or goods during operation of lift.
11) IEC PUBLICATION 158-1
LOW- VOLTAGE CONTROLGEAR
Buffer: A resilient stop at the end of travel, and comprising a means
12) FLUID POWER SYSTEMS ISO 1219:1976
of braking using fluids or springs (or other similar means).
(Illustration 6 )

Car: See lift car

Car door or gate electric contact: An electric device, the function of


which is to prevent operation of the lift machine by normal operating
device unless the car door or gate is in the closed position.

9
8
Car enclosure: The top and the walls of the car resting on and
attached to the car platform. [H] Direct acting lift: Hydraulic lift where the ram or cylinder is
directly attached to the car or its sling.
Car frame: see sling
[H] Down direction valve: Electrically controlled valve in a
Car platform: The structure which forms the floor of the car and hydraulic circuit for controlling the descent of the car.
which directly supports the load.
[HI Electrical anti-creep system: A combination of precautions
[H] Clamping device: A mechanical device which when activated against the danger of creeping.
stops the car in downward motion and maintains it stationary at any
point of the travel to limit the extent of creep. [H] Full load pressure: Static pressure exerted on the piping
" directly connected to the jack, the car with the rated load being at rest
Clearance, Bottom of the car; The clear vertical distance from the pit at the highest landing level.
floor to the lowest structure or mechanical equipment or device
installed beneath the car platform except guide shoes or rollers, safety Governor: See overspeed governor
jaws assemblies and platform toe guard when the car rests on its fully
compressed buffers. Guides: The components which provide guiding for the car or
the counterweight, if there is one.
Clearance, Top of car: The shortest vertical distance between the top
of the car crosshead, and the nearest part of the overhead structure or [H] Hydraulic lift: Lift in which the lifting power is derived from
any other obstruction when the car floor is level with top terminal an electrically driven pump transmitting hydraulic fluid to a jack,
landing. acting directly or indirectly on the car.

Control: The system governing the starting, stopping, direction of [H] Hydraulic machine: Unit which drives and stops the lift,
motion, acceleration, speed and retardation of the moving member. comprising the pump , the pump motor and the control valves.

Controller: A device or group of devices which serve to control in [H] Indirect acting lift: A hydraulic lift where the ram or cylinder
a predetermined manner the apparatus to which it is connected. is connected to the car or the car sling by suspension means .

10
11
Machine room: A room in which machine or machines and/or the
associated equipment are placed.
Instantaneous safety gear: A safety gear in which the full gripping
action on the guides is almost immediately. Minimum breaking load of a lifting rope: This load is the product of
the square of the nominal diameter of the rope (in square millimeters)
Instantaneous safety gear with buffer effect: A safety gear in which and the nominal tensile strength of the wires (in Newton per square
the full gripping action on the guides is almost immediate, but the millimeters) and a coefficient appropriate to the type of rope
reaction on the car or counterweight is limited by the presence of an construction.
intermediate buffering system The effective breaking load obtained in rupture test on a sample of
rope following a defined method, shall be at least equal to the
[H] Jack: A combination of a cylinder and a ram forming a hydraulic minimum breaking load.
actuating unit.
Non-commercial vehicle lift: A lift whose car is suitably
Levelling: An operation which improves the accuracy of stopping at dimensioned for carrying private motor-cars.
landings.
[H] Non return valve: A valve which allows flow in one direction
Lift car: A part of the lift which carries the passengers and/or other only.
loads.
[H] One way restrictor: A valve which allows free flow in one
Lift machine: The unit including the motor which drives and stops direction and restricted flow in the other direction.
the lift.
Operation: The method of actuating the control.
Lift well: The space in which the car and counterweight, if there is
one, travels. This space is bounded by the bottom of the pit, the walls Operation, automatic. Operation wherein the starting of the lift car
and the roof of the well. is effected in response to the momentary actuation of operating
devices at the landing and/or of operating devices in the car and
Lift well access switch: A switch, located at a landing, the function of
wherein the car is stopped automatically at the landings.
which is to permit operation of the car with the door at this landing
and the car door or gate open, in order to permit access to the top of
the car or to the pit.

12 13
landing. With this type of operation if any car or landing button has
Operation, group automatic. Automatic operation of two or more
non-attendant lifts equipped with power operated doors. The operation been actuated, the actuation of any other car or landing buttons have
of the cars is coordinated by a supervisory control system that no effect on the operation of the car until the response to first button
dispatches different cars to answer landing calls when available and has been completed.
approaching the landing in the corresponding direction.
Overspeed governor: A device which, when the lift attains a
Operation, automatic non-selective collective. Automatic operation predetermined speed, causes the lift to stop and if necessary causes the
by means of one button in the car for each landing served and one safety gear to be applied. (Illustration 5 )
button at each landing, wherein all calls are registered irrespective of
their number or sequence. Passenger: Any person transported by a lift.
With this type of operation the car stops for all the calls making the
stops in the order in which the landing is reached, but irrespective of [H] Pawl device: A mechanical device for stopping involuntary
its direction of travel. descent of the car, and maintaining it stationary on fixed supports.

Operation, automatic selective collective. Automatic operation by Pit: The part of the lift well situated below the lowest landing level
means of one button in the car for each landing served and by up-and- served by the car.
down buttons at the landings, wherein the car stops for calls from
inside the car as defined under the non-selective collective operation, Positive drive lift: A lift suspended by chains or lifting ropes driven
but wherein the car stops for calls from the landings when reached in by means other than friction.
each direction of travel. With this type of operation, all "up" landing
calls are answered when the car is travelling in the up directiqn and all [H] Pressure relief valve: A valve which limits the pressure to a pre­
"down" landing calls are answered when the car is travelling in the determined value by exhausting fluid.
down direction, except in the case of the uppermost and the lowermost
call which are answered as soon as they are reached irrespective of the Progressive safety gear: A safety gear in which deceleration is
direction ot the car travel. effected by braking action on the guides and for which special
provisions are made so as to limit the forces on the car or
Operation, single automatic. Automatic operation by means of one counterweight to a permissible value. (Illustration 4 )
button in tile car for each landing served and one button at each

IS
14
Pulley room: A room not containing the machine, and in which [H] Single acting jack: Jack in which displacement in one direction is
pulleys are located and in which the overspeed governors and by fluid action and in the other by another force.
electrical equipment may also be housed.
Sling: The metal framework carrying the lift car or counterweight, the
Rated load: The load for which the equipment has been designed and car platform, connected to the means of suspension. This sling may be
installed to lift at the rated speed. integral with the car enclosure. (Illustration 3 )

Rated speed: The speed at which the lift is designed to operate in the Toe guard: An apron having a smooth vertical part extending
up direction with rated load in the car. downwards from the sill of the landing or car entrance.

Re-levelling: An operation, after the lift has stopped, to permit Traction drive lift: A lift whose lifting ropes are driven by friction in
the stopping position to be corrected, if necessary by successive the grooves of the driving sheave of the machine.
movements (automatic or inching).
Travel: The vertical distance between the bottom terminal landing
[H] Restrictor: A valve in which the inlet and outlet are connected and the top terminal landing of a lift:
through a restricted passage way.
Travelling cable: A cable made up of electrical conductors, which
Rise: see travel provides electrical connection between the lift car and fixed outlet in
the lift well or controller.
[H] Rupture valve: A valve closes automatically when the pressure
drop across the valve exceeds a pre-set amount. Unlocking zone: A zone, extending above and below the stopping
level, in which the car floor must be to enable the corresponding
Safety gear: A mechanical drive for stopping, and maintaining landing door to be unlocked.
stationary on the guides, the lift car or counterweight in case of
overspeeding in the downward direction or breaking of the Well: See lift well
suspension.
[H] Shut-off valve: A manually operated two way valve which can May. The term "may" Where used shall be construed as permissive.
permit or prevent flow in either direction.

17
16
Traction sheave Gear box

Shall. The term "shall" where used shall be construed as mandatory


(obligatory).

Should. The term "should" where used shall be construed as advisory.

18 Illusration 1 Electric lift equipment


suspension 1:1

Lubrication p&d

Guide shoe

Safety gear lever

Illustration 3.Car sling .

Rupture valve

21
20
[llustration 2(H).Hydraulic lift equipment
Governor

Tripping rod

Governor rope fixation

Governor
rope

Governor rope tension device

Illustration S.Overspeed governor ,

23
22
Illustration 4.Progressive safety block
B
1■ ri
IT)
go |J

4, : .«
jj 3-Thc lift landings and tne
l.The lift landings ire not isolated ~- g.The lift landings are isolated u
stairwell are isolated

B
a
CK3 C3E3

4-Tb-e lift doors are backed up 6.The lift landings common to stair 6.Lift completely surrounded
by separate fire resisting doors h
landings are not isolated J * stairwell

s s
r
1

1
Jl| I
7,lift adjoining a building SJift installed in a hall or fl.The lift lending common to
open space in a building stair landings are isolated

Fig.l. Examples of structural arrangements .

" " ' ' " ■ - " ■ i


iTrrini'fir "■'■"-'•—

"3

a
o
■f^r- *
a,
E3
on

-tz± d

o
■■p

5
4. UNITS & SYMBOLS
4.1 Units. The international (SI) System of units Measurements symbol unit
is adopted
4.2 Symbols Coefficient of the
variation of profile in the
Measurements symbol unit traction sheave groove due
to wear
Rated speed v m/s Base of natural logarithm
Rated speed upwards vm m/s
Rated speed downwards vj m/s Friction factor of the
The higher value of both rated
speeds vm and v<i vs m/s ropes in traction sheave
speed of the ropes vc m/s grooves

Sum of the mass of the L kg Coefficient of friction


empty car and the masses of the portion of the between steel wire ropes
travelling cables and any compensation devices sus­ and sheaves
pended from the car. rad
Angle of wrap of the rope a
Sum of the mass of the Li kg on the traction sheave
empty car and of the mass of the ram rad
(in case of direct acting hydraulic lifts only). Angle of the undercut
grooves or semicircular
Rated load (mass) Q kg grooves in the traction
sheave
Ratio between the greater ^./T
and the smaller static force in the parts of the Angle of the V-groove in rad
rope located on either side of the traction the traction sheave
sheave.
Diameter of traction ropes d mm
Coefficient of the acceleration C
Diameter of traction sheave D mm
deceleration
2
Standard acceleration of g^ m/s Number of ropes n
"n
free fall
specific pressure of the N/mm
2
Braking deceleration a m/s ropes in the traction
sheave grooves
of the car

27
26
5. LIFT WELL
Measurements symbol unit
5.1 General provisions
Static force in the ropes N 5.1.1 The requirements given relate to wells containing one or more
to the car side at the level lift cars.
of the traction sheave when 5.1.2 The counterweight of a lift shall be in the same well as the car.
the car is stationary at the
lowest level with its rated
load. [H] 5.1.2 Jacks of a lift shall be in the same well as the car. They may
Buckling stress in the guides OK N/mm' extend into the ground.
during safety gear operation

Cross sectional area of the guide 5.2 Well enclosure


mm 5.2.1 Each well shall be totally enclosed by imperforate walls, floor
Buckling factor CO
and ceiling.
Coefficient of slenderness X WallsJloor and ceiling of the well :
Maximum distance between mm The structure of the well shall be able to support at least the loads
guide brackets which may be applied by the machine, by the guides at the moment of
The smaller value of the the safety gear operation, by the action of the buffers, by the off-
radius of gyration i x & iy mm centering of the load in the car, or those which may be applied by
the anti-rebound device. For the evaluation of the forces during safety
Proof stress (non- RP N/mm2 gear operation, or buffer operation, or in case of off- centering of the
proportional elongation) load in the car, see notes at the end of Clause 5. The lift well
enclosure adjacent to a landing opening shall be of sufficient strength
to support in true alignment doors with their operation mechanism.
The wall of the lift well at positions of guide rails fixation to the
building shall be of sufficient strength to withstand forces imposed
due to uneven loading of the car, and buckling stress in the guides
during safety gear operation.

29
28
[H] 5.2.1 Each well shall be totally enclosed by imperforate walls, that the distance between sills does not exceed 1 lm. This requirement
floor and ceiling. is not called for in the case of adjacent cars, eachfittedwith an
Wallsfloorand ceiling of the well: emergency door.
The structure of the well shall be able to support at least the 5.2.2.2 Inspection and emergency doors and inspection traps shall not
loads which may be applied by the jacks, by the guides at the moment open, towards the interior of the well.
of the safety gear operationtclamping device, pawl device,or by the 5.2.2.2.1 The doors and traps shall be provided with a key operated
action of the buffers and by the offcentering of the load in the car. lock, capable of being reclosed and relocked Without a key. Inspection
For the evaluation of the forces during safety gear and emergency doors shall be opened from inside the well without a
operation,the clamping device, the pawl device or buffer operation, key even when locked.
see notes at the end of this clause . 5.2.2.2.2 Operation of the lif^hall depend on the closed position of
these doors and traps. For this purpose electric safety devices shall be
5.2.1.2 The only permissible openings of the well are: employed".
a) openings for doors. 5.2.2.3 Inspection and emergency doors and inspection traps shall be
b) openings for inspection, emergency doors and inspection imperforate and have sufficient mechanical strength .
traps.
c) ventilation openings at the top of the well. 5.3 Protection of any spaces located below the car or the
d) permanent openings between the well and the machine or counterweight.
pulley rooms. 5.3.1 Lift wells should not preferably be situated above a space
5.2.2 Inspection and emergency doors-inspection traps accessible to persons.
5.2.2.1 Inspection and emergency doors & inspection traps to the well, 5.3.2 If accessible spaces do exist underneath the car or counterweight
are only permitted on grounds of safety to users and the requirements the base of the pit shall be designed for a live load of at least
of servicing. 5000 N/m^, and capable of sustaining a concentrated load of 1250 N
5.2.2.1.1 Inspection doors shall have a minimum height of 1.4 m, and at any point distributed over an area of 2 500 mm^, and :
a minimum width of 0.6 m. Emergency doors shall have a minimum a) either there shall be installed below the counterweight buffer
height of 1.8 m and a width of 0.5 m. Inspection traps shall have a a solid pier extending down to solid ground, or
maximum width of 0.5 meters. b) the counterweight shall be equipped with safety gear.
5.2.2.1.2 When the distance between consecutive landing door sills
exceeds 11m, intermediate emergency doors shall be provided, such

31
30
a) The guided travel of the car, still possible in the upward
direction, shall be at least (0.1 + 0.035 v2) m .
5.4 Well containing several lifts
5.4.1 In the lower part of the well there shall be a partition between the b) The free height above the roof of the car enclosure shall be
moving parts of different lifts. This partition shall extend at least 2.5 m atleast(l + 0.035v2)m.
above the floor of the pit c) Thefreedistance between the lowest parts of the roof of the
5.4.2 If the horizontal distance between the edge of the car roof and a well and the highest pieces of equipmentfixed on the roof of
moving part of an adjacent lift is less than 0.3 m, the partition called the car enclosure shall be at least (03 + 0.035 V2) m
for in 5.4.1, shall be extended through the full height of the well and djThefree vertical distance between the lowest part of the roof
over .the effective width. This width shall be at least equal to that of of the well and the highest parts of an upwards travelling
the moving part which is to be guarded, plus at least 0.1 m on each ram-head assembly shall be at least 0.1m. ^ * *
side.
5.5.1.2 When the car rests on its totally compressed buffers, the guided
5.5 Headroom and pit travel of the counterweight, still possible in the upward direction, shall
5.5.1 Top clearance for traction drive lifts. be at least (0.1 + 0.035v2)m .
See note 4 at the end of clause 5 . 5.5.1.3 When the retardation of the lift is positively monitored, the
5.5.1.1 When the counterweight rests on its fully compressed buffer, value of 0.035 v 2 in 5.5.1.1 and 5.5.1.2 for calculation of clearances
the following three conditions shall be fulfilled at the same time : may be reduced to half of its value for a lift whose rated speed does
a) The guided travel of the car, still possible in the upward not exceed 4 m/s.
direction, shall be at least (0.1 + 0.035 v 2 ) m.
b) The free height above the roof of the car enclosure shall be 5.5.2 Pit
5.5.2.1 The lower part of the well shall consist of a pit, the bottom of
at least (1 + 0,035 v 2 ) m .
which shall be smooth and level, except for any guide bases and
c) The free distance between the lowest parts of the roof of the
well and the highest pieces of equipment fixed on the roof buffer.
After the building-in of guide fixings and buffers, the pit shall be
of the car enclosure shall be at least (0.3 + 0.035 v 2 ) m .
impervious to infiltration of water.
5.5.2.2 An access door to the pit shall be provided if the pit depth
[H] 5.5.1.1 When the ram is in its ultimate position, achieved
exceeds 2.5 m and if the layout of the building permits.If there is no
through the means of ram stroke limitation, the following conditions
other access a permanent means shall be provided, easily accessible
shall be fulfilled at the same time :
from landing door, to permit competent personnel to descend safely

33
32
5.5.2.4 There shall be in the pit, available to servicing personnel:
into the pit. This shall not project into the clear running space of the
a) a switch accessible as scon as the personnel open the door to
lift equipment.
5.5.2.3 When the car rests on its fully compressed buffers, the the pit to stop the lift and keep it stopped, such that there is
following conditions shall be simultaneously fulfilled : no risk of mistaking the stop position.
a) there shall be in the pit sufficient space to accommodate a b) an electric socket outlet.
rectangular block O.5*0.6*0.8m resting on one of its faces.
b) the clear distance between the bottom of the pit and, 5.6 Exclusive use of lift well:
1) The lowest portions of the car shall be at least 0.5 m. The well shall be exclusively for the lift. It shall not contain
2) The lowest parts of the guide shoes or rollers of safety cables, pipes or devices other than for the lift.
gear blocks, toe guards or parts of vertical sliding
doors,shall be at least 0.1m. 5.7 Lighting of the well:
The well shall be provided with permanent electric lighting, allowing
[H] 5.52.3 When the car rests on its fully compressed buffers, the it to be lit during servicing, even when all doors are closed. This
following conditions shall be simultaneously fulfilled : lighting shall comprise lamps within 0.5 m from the highest and
a) there shall be in the pit sufficient space to accommodate a lowest points in the well with intermediate lamps at 7 m max. spacing.
rectangular block 0.5* 0.6* 0.8 meter resting on one of its
faces. NOTES:
b) the clear distance between the bottom of the pit and,
NOTE l.Evaluation of the vertical forces during safety gear
1) The lowest portions of the car shall be at least 05 m.
operation : The force (N) in each guide developed during safety gear
2) The lowest parts of the guide shoes or rollers of safety
operation may be evaluated according to the following formulae :
gear blocks, pawl devices , toe guards or parts of vertical
a) instantaneous safety gear :
sliding doors,shall be at least 0.1 m.
1. except captive roller type
c) the free vertical distance between the highest parts fixed in
25(L+Q)
• the pit (jack supports,pipes...) and the lowest parts of the car
2. captive roller type
(except items detailed in b2) shall be at least 0.3m.
15(L+Q)
d) the free vertical distance between the bottom of the pit and
the lowest guiding yoke of a telescopic jack below the car b) progressive safety gear
shall be at least 05m 10(L+Q)

35
34
NOTE 2.Evaluation of reaction at the bottom of the pit at the NOTE 4.Graph illustrating the top clearance for traction drive
moment of safety gear operation or activation of buffers: lifts,up to rated speeds 4 m/s Fig 2.
The reactions (N) may be evaluated as follows :
a) beneath each guide : [H] NOTE IJEvaluation of the vertical forces during safety gear
10 times the mass of the guide (kg) plus the reaction (N) at operation or clamping device:
the moment of operation of the safety gear (if the guides are The force (N) in each guide developed during safety gear operation or
suspended, the reaction at the points of attachment shall be clamping device may be evaluated according to the following
evaluated by analogy as in the case of guides supported at formulae:
the bottom of the pit) flj instantaneous safety gear and clamping device:
b) beneath the car buffer supports : 1. except captive roller type
40(L+Q)
c) beneath the counterweight buffer supports : Fl=25(Ll+Q)
40 times the mass in Kgs of the counterweight
2. captive roller type
NOTE 3.Evaluation of forces in the case of off-centering of the
loads in the car : F1 = 15(L]+Q)

The force FF1 (N) in line with car gauge : b) progressive safety gear and clamping device:
FF1(N) = (Q*10*W)/4Z
Fl = 10(Li+Q)
The force FF2 (N) perpendicular to car gauge :
FF2(N) = (Q*10*D)/8Z

Where:
W : car width (m)
D : car depth (m)
Z : Vertical distance between the top and bottom guide shoes (m)

37
36
[H] NOTE 2.Evaluation of vertical forces during operation of pawl
device :
The total vertical force may be evaluated as follows:
a) pawl devices provided with energy accumulation 3 **•*£»
type spring buffers, with or without return movement: ttiui ti «; Top entrance
{ml
l
F2 = 25(Ll+Q) 0.7 « U '

b) pawl devices provided with energy dissipation type buffers: 0.6 OJ 1.5

F2 = 10(Li+Q)
0.K 0.7 1.1

[H] NOTE 3. Evaluation of the reactions at the bottom of the pit at


the moment of operation of safety gear, clamping device or pawl 0.4 0.5 US
device, or through activation of buffers.
The reactions may be evaluated as follows:
0.3 0.5 LS

a) beneath each guide rail: F3 ~ 10 times the mass of the


guide (kg) plus the reaction Fl or F2 (taking the greater
value) 0.2 0.4 1.1

b) beneath the car buffer supports:


0.1 0.3 1.0

F4=40(Li+Q) Rated speed (m/i)

c) beneath each jack: Fig.2. Graph illustrating the top clearances for traction drive lifts
These reactions shall be evaluated as appropriate to the
arrangement of this equipment in the well.

38
39
6. MACHINE AND PULLEY ROOMS. 6.1.2.3 The machine rooms shall preferably be placed above the well.

6.1 General provisions [HJ 6.1.2.3 The machine rooms shall preferably be placed adjacent to
6.1.1 Machines, their associated equipment and pulleys, shall be the well.
accessible only to authorized personnel (maintenance, inspection and If the machine room is not adjacent to the well, the hydraulic piping
rescue). and the electric wiring connecting the machine room with the lift'"
6.1.2 The machine and its associated equipment shall be in a special well shall be installed in a duct specially reservedfor this purpose.
room, comprising solid walls, ceiling, door and / or trap. : '■":■-{ , '.■?•'-:■>: ./- Wit

6.1.2.1 As exceptions to the above requirements, the following ■ •- » i. ' -.

equipment may be installed in the well: 6.2 Access


6.2.1 Access from the public way to the interior of the machine and
a) diverter pulleys pulley rooms shall
b) traction sheave a) be capable to be properly illuminated by permanent
c) overspeed governor electric light.
provided that the following conditions are satisfied : b) be easy to use safety, without the need to pass
I) examinations tests and maintenance operations can be through private accommodation.
carried out in complete safety from the car roof or machine 6.2.2 Access for personnel to machine rooms shall be effected entirely
room or outside the well. by way of stairs. If it is impractical to install stairs, then ladders may
II) the openings between the machine room and the well are as be used which satisfy the following conditions :
small as possible. a) they shall be permanently fixed.
III)the equipment shall be provided with devices to avoid:
b) they shall preferably form an angle of 75 deg. with the
a) bodily injury
horizontal
b) the suspension ropes leaving their grooves if slack
c) adjacent to the top of the ladder there shall be one or more
c) the introduction of foreign objects between ropes and
grooves. hand holds within easy reach.
6.1.2.2 Machine or pulley rooms shall not be used for purposes other 6.2.3 Means of access (trap door) must be provided for hoisting of
than lifts. They shall not contain cables or devices other than for the heavy equipment during erection and its replacement, so that this can
lift. These rooms may however contain:
a) equipment for air-conditioning these rooms be done safely especially avoiding handling on stairs.
b) fire detectors or extinguishers

41
40
6.3 Construction and equipment of machine and pulley rooms 6.3.2.4 When the machine room floor comprises a number of levels,
6.3.1 Mechanical strength, floor surface, sound insulation ; differing by more than 0.5 m, stairways or steps and guard rails shall
6.3.1.1 Machine and pulley rooms shall be constructed to withstand be provided.
the loads and forces to which they will normally be subjected, they 6.3.2.5 When the floor of the machine room has any recess greater
shall be in durable material not favoring the creation of dust.
than 0.5 m deep and less than 0.5 m wide, or any channels, they shall
6.3.1.2 Room floors shall be of non-slip material.
be covered.
63.1.3 When the function of the building requires it (e.g.
dwellings, hotels, hospitals, schools, libraries, etc.), the walls, floors 63.3 Doors and trap doors in machine (and pulley) rooms
and ceiling of machine rooms shall absorb the sounds associated with 63.3.1 Access doors shall have a minimum width of 0.6 m and a min
the operation of the lifts, according to the national code of practice. height of 2.0 m for machine room and minimum height of 1.4 m for
pulley room. They shall not open towards the in-side of the room.
6.3.2 Dimensions 6.3.3.2 Access trap doors for personnel shall give a clear passage at
6.3.2.1 The dimensions of machine and pulley rooms shall be least 0.8 m * 0.8 m. When they are closed they shall be able to support
sufficient to permit easy and safe access for servicing personnel to all two persons (vertical force of 2000N) at any position,
the components, especially the electrical equipment. In particular there without permanent deformation.The trap doors shall not open
shall be provided: downwards.
a) a clear horizontal area in front of and over the full width of the When trap door is in open position, precaution shall be taken to
panels or cabinets. prevent fall of persons or material (e.g. guard rail).
b) a clear horizontal area of at least 0.5 m *0.6m for servicing and 6.333 The doors or trap doors shall be fitted with locks having keys
inspection of moving parts at points where this is necessary and for which can be opened without a key from inside the room. Trap doors
manual emergency operation. used only for access of material can be locked from inside only.
c) access ways to these clear spaces which shall have a width of at
least 0.5 m. 6.3.4 Other openings ;
6.3.2.2 The clear height for movement or working shall not be less The dimension of holes in the slab and room floor shall be reduced to
than 2.0 m. a minimum.
6.3.23 There shall be a clear vertical distance of at least 0.3 m above Ferrules shall be used, which project at least 50 mm above the slab
the rotating parts of the machine. or finished floor, to prevent objects falling through openings situated
above the well.

42 43
6.3.5 Ventilation and temperature 7. LANDING DOORS
63.5.1 Machine rooms shall be ventilated. Stale air from other parts of
7.1 General provisions
the building shall not be extracted into the machine room.
7.1.1 The openings in the well giving access to the lift car shall be
6.3.5.2 The ambient temperature in the machine room shall be
provided with imperforate landing doors. When closed, the clearances
maintained between +5 and +40 deg. centigrade.
between panels, or between panels and uprights, lintels or sills shall
not exceed 6 mm. These clearances are measured at the back of the
63.6 Lighting and socket outlets:
recesses, if present.
Lighting of the machine and pulley room shall be prpvided on the
To avoid the risk of shearing during the normal operation, the exterior
basis of at least 200 lux at floor level. The supply for this lighting shall
face of automatically operated sliding doors shall not have recesses or
be independent of the power supply to the machine. A switch placed
projections exceeding 3 mm. Edges of these shall be chamfered in
close to the access point shall control lighting of the room on entry.
both directions of the movement. Exception to these requirements is
One or more socket outlets shall be provided.
made for the access to the unlocking triangle shown in fig .5.
7.1.2 For details of the faces on flie well side of landing doors see 5.2
6.3.7 Handling of equipment:
One or more metal supports or hooks as appropriate,shall be provided
7.2 Strength of doors and their frames
in the machine room ceiling or on the beams conveniently positioned
7.2.1 Doors and their frames shall be constructed in such a way that
to permit the hoisting of heavy equipment during erection and its
they will not become deformed in the course of time. To this end it is
replacement. The safe working load shall be indicated on these
recommended that they are made of sheet steel.
supports or hooks.
The use of glass, even armoured, or plastic materials, as part of a door
panel is only permitted to the vision panels covered by 7.6.2.2
63.8 Stop switch:
7.2.2 Mechanical strength.
There sh*all be installed in the pulley room, close to the point of access,
Doors with their locks, shall possess mechanical strength such that in
a stop switch, allowing the lift to be stopped and kept stopped, so
the locked position and when a force of 300 N, is applied at right.
arranged that there is no risk of mistaking the stop position.
angles to the panel at any point on either face, being evenly distributed
over an area of 5 cm2 in round or square section they shall:-
(a) resist without permanent deformation;
(b) resist without elastic deformation greater than 10 mm;
(c) operate satisfactorily nftri such a test.

44 45
7.4.3.3 The diameter of suspension rope pulleys shall be at least 25
7.2.2.1 Under the application at the most unfavorable point of a
times the rope diameter.
manual force (without a tool) of 150 N in the direction of opening of
7.4.3.4 Suspension ropes and chains shall be guarded against leaving
horizontal sliding doors, the clearances shall not exceed 30mm.
die pulley grooves or sprockets.
7.3 Height and width of doors 7.5 Protection in relation to door operation
Landing doors shall have a minimum clear height of 2 m and a clear 7.5.1 General. The doors and their surrounds shall be designed in such
width equals the clear car entrance width.
a way as to minimize risk of damage or injury due to jamming of a
part of the person, clothing, or other object.
7.4 Sills, guides, door suspension
75.2 Doors with power operation.
7.4.1 Sills.
Doors with power operation shall be designed to reduce to a minimum
Every landing entrance shall incorporate a sill of sufficient strength to the harmful consequences of a person being struck by a door panel.
withstand the passage of loads being introduced into the car. It is
To this end the following requirements shall be met:
recommended that a slight counter slope be provided in front of
7.5.2.1 Horizontally sliding doors
each landing sill to avoid water from washing, sprinkling,... etc. to
7.5.2.1.1 Automatic power operated doors
drain into the well,
7.5.2.1.1.1 The effort needed to prevent the door closing shall not
7.4.2 Guides
exceed 150N . This measurement shall not be made in the first third of
7.4.2.1 Landing doors shall be designed to avoid, during normal
the travel of the door. On the other hand, the kinetic energy of the
operation, derailment, jamming, or displacement at the extremities of
landing door and the mechanical elements to which it is rigidly
their travel.
connected, shall not exceed 10J.
7.4.2.2 Horizontally sliding landing doors shall be guided top and
7.5.2.1.1.2 A protective device shall automatically initiate re-opening
bottom.
of the door in the event of a person being struck by the door in
7.4.23 Vertically sliding landing doors shall be guided at both sides .
crossing the entrance during the closing movement.
'7.4.3 Suspension of vertically sliding doors.
(a) This protective device may be that of the car door (see
7.4.3.1 Panels of vertically sliding landing doors shall be fixed to 8.7.2.1.1.3)
two independent suspension elements.
(b) The effect of the device may be neutralized during the last
7.4.3.2 Suspension elements shall be designed with a safety factor of 50 mm of travel of each door panel.
at least 8
(c) In the case of a system which makes the sensitive protective
device inoperative after a fixed period of time, to counteract

46 47
persistent obstructions when closing the door, the kinetic 7.6.2.2 To this effect, there shall be installed :-
energy defined above shall not exceed 4J during movement (a) either one or more transparent vision panels conforming to
of the door with the protective device inoperative. the following conditions:
15.2.1.1 Doors where closing is carried out under the continuous 1- mechanical strength as specified in 7.2.2
control of the users (e.g. by pressure of a button): 2-minimum thickness of 6 mm
When the kinetic energy, exceeds 10J, the average closing speed of the 3- minimum glazed area per landing door of lOOcm^ per
fastest panel shall be limited to 0.3 m/s vision panel
7.5.2.2 Vertically sliding doors: 4- width of at least 60 mm, and at most of 150mm. The
This type of sliding door shall only be permitted for goods passengers lower edge of vision panels which are wider than 80mm
lifts. Power closing of this type of door is permitted if all the following shall be at least 1 m above the floor level.
conditions are fulfilled: (b) or, an illuminated 'car here' signal which can only light up
(a) Closing is carried out under the continuous control of the when the car is about to stop or has stopped at the
user, particular landing. The signal shall remain illuminated all
(b) The average closing speed of the panel is limited to 0.3m/s; the time the car remains there.
(c) The car door is of perforated or mesh panel construction as
provided for in the specific case of 8.6.1; 7.7 Locking and closed landing door check
(d) The car door is at least two-thirds closed before the landing 7.7.1 Protection against the risk of falling.
door begins to close. It shall not be possible in normal operation to open a landing door ( or
any of the panels in the case of a multipanel door) unless the car has
7.6 Local lighting and "car here" signal lights stopped, or is on the point of stopping , in the unlocking zone of that
7.6.1 Natural or artificial lighting of the landings in the vicinity door.
of landing doors shall be at least 50 lux at floor level, such that a user The unlocking zone shall not extend more than 20 cm above and
can see what is ahead of him when he is opening the landing door to below the landing level.
enter the lift, even if the car lights has failed. In the case, however, of mechanically operated car and landing doors
7.6.2 'Car here* indication operating simultaneously, the unlocking zone may extend to a
7.6.2.1 In the case of landing doors with manual opening, the user maximum of 0.35 m above and below the landing level.
must be able to know, before opening the door, whether the car is
there or not.

49
48
7.7.2. Protection against shearing. 7.7.3.1.5 The engagement of the locking elements shall be achieved in
in.IS It shall not be possible in normal operation to start the lift such a way that a force in the opening direction of the door does not
nor keep it in motion if a landing door (or any of the panels in the diminish the effectiveness of locking.
case of a multipanel door) is open. However, preliminary operations 7.7.3.1.6 The lock shall resist, without permanent deformation during
preparing for the movement of the car may take place, the test a minimum force at the level of the lock and in the direction of
7.7.2.2 Specific case. opening of the door of:-
Operation with doors open is only permitted in the unlocking zone to (a) 1000 N in the case sliding door,
permit levelling orrelevellingat the corresponding floor level, (b) 3000 N on the locking pin, in the case of hinged
provided the requirements of 14.2.1.1 are met. doors
7.7.3 Locking and emergency unlocking. 7.7.3.1.7 The locking action shall be effected and maintained by the
Each landing door shall be provided with a locking device satisfying action of gravity, permanent magnet, or springs. The springs shall act
the requirements of 7.7.1. This device shall be protected against by compression, be guided and of such dimensions that, at the moment
deliberate misuse. of unlocking the coils are compressed solid.
7.7.3.1 The effective locking of the landing door in the closed position In the event of permanent magnet (or spring) no longer fulfilling
shall precede the movement of the car.However, operation preparing its function, gravity shall not cause unlocking. If the unlocking
for the movement of the car may take place. The locking must be element is maintained in position by the action of a permanent magnet,
proved by an electric safety device in conformity with 14.1.2 it shall not be possible to neutralize its effect by simple means (e.g.
7.7.3.1.1 The car shall not be able to start until the locking elements heat or shock)
are engaged by at least 7 mm. 7.7.3.1.8 The locking device shall be protected against the risk of
7.7.3.1.2 The connection between one of the contact elements which an accumulation of dust which could hinder its proper functioning.
breaks the circuit, and the device which locks mechanically shall be 7.7.3.1.9 Inspection of the working parts shall be easy, as, for
direct and foolproof, but adjustable if necessary. example, by use of a vision panel.
7.7.3.1.3 For hinged doors, locking shall be effected as far as 7.7.3.1.10 In the case where the lock contacts are in a box, the fixing
possible to the vertical closing edge(s) of the doors, and maintained screws for the cover shall be of the captive type, so that they remain in
properly even in the case of panels sagging. the holes in the cover or box when opening the cover.
7.7.3.1.4 The locking elements and their fixing shall be resistant to
shock, and be made or reinforced with metal.

SO 51
7.7.5 Requirements common to devices for proving the locked
7.7.3.2 Emergency unlocking:
condition and the closed condition of the door.
Each of the landing doors shall be capable of being unlocked from the
7.7.5.1 It shall not be possible, from positions normally accessible
outside with the aid of a key which will fit the unlocking triangle as
to persons, to operate the lift with a landing door open or unlocked,
shown in fig.5.
after one single action not forming part of the normal operating
Keys of this type shall be given only to a responsible person. They
sequence.
shall be accompanied by a written instruction detailing the essential
7.7.5.2 The means used to prove the position of a locking element
precautions to be taken in order to avoid accidents which could result
shall have positive operation.
from an unlocking which is not followed by effective relocking.
7.7.6 The case of horizontally or vertically sliding doors with
After an emergency unlocking, the locking device shall not be able to
multiple panels, mechanically linked
remain in the unlocked position with the landing door closed, when
7.7.6.1 When a horizontally or vertically sliding door comprises
there is no action to unlock.
several panels which are directly mechanically linked, it is permitted :-
In the case of landing doors driven by the car door, a device (either
(a) To lock only one panel, on condition that this single locking
weight or springs) shall ensure the automatic closing of the landing
will prevent the opening of the other panels;
door if this door becomes open, for whatever reason, when the car is
(b) To place the door closed proving device laid down in
outside the locking zone.
7.7.4.1 or 7.7.4.2 on a single panel.
7.7.4 Electrical device for proving the landing door closed
7.7.6.2 When the panels are indirecdy mechanically linked (e.g. by
7.7.4.1 Each landing door shall be provided with an electrical device
rope or chain) such linkage shall be designed to resist any normally
for proving the closed position in conformity with 14.1.2 so that the
anticipated forces, be constructed with special care, and checked
conditions imposed by 7.7.2 are satisfied
periodically. It is permitted to lock only one panel on condition that
7.7.4.2 In the case of horizontally sliding landing doors, coupled with
this single locking will prevent the opening of the other panel(s), and
car doors, this device may be in common with the device for proving
these are not fitted with a handle. The closed position of the other
the locked condition, provided that it is dependent upon the effective
panel(s) not locked by the locking device, shall be proved by an
closing of the landing door.
electric safety device in conformity with 14.1.2
7.7.4.3 In the case of hinged landing doors, this device shall be
placed adjacent to the closing edge of the door.

52 53
7.8 Closing of automatically operated doors 8 CAR, COUNTERWEIGHT AND CLEARANCES IN THE
In normal service, automatically operated landing doors shall be WELL
closed after the necessary period of time, which may be defined
according to the traffic using the lift, in the absence of a signal for the 8.1 Height of car
movement of the car. 8.1.1 The interior clear height of the car shall be at least 2m.
8.1.2 The qlear height of the car entrance(s) for the normal access of
the users shall be at least 2m.

8.2 Available car area, rated load, number of passengers


8.2.1 General case,
To prevent an overloading of the car by persons, the available area of
the car shall be limited. The relationship between rated load and
*
corresponding dimensions is given .
Table 1 : gives the recommended minimum dimensions for electric
lifts in residential buildings with rated loads up to 1000 Kg and
rated speeds up to 2.5 m/s .
Table 2 : gives the recommended minimum dimensions for electric
lifts in non-residential buildings with rated loads up to 1600 Kg and
rated speeds up to 2.5 m/s .
Table 1 [ H ] : gives the recommended minimum dimensions for
hydraulic lifts in buildings with rated loads up to 1000 Kg and rated
speeds up to 0.63 m/s .
Table 3 : gives the maximum available car area for rated loads up
2500Kg and above.
Figures 3 , 3 [ H ] and 4 : give sectional elevations and plans for
lift well and machine room , indicating recommended minimum
dimensions for both electric and hydraulic lifts.

54 55
8.2.2 Goods passenger lifts. a) resists without any permanent deformation, and
8.2.3 The requirements of 8.2.1 shall be applied and, in addition , b) resists without elastic deformation greater than 15mm.
design calculations shall take into account not only the rated load but 8.3.3 The walls, floor and roof shall not be made of materials likely
also the weight of handling devices which may enter the car." to become dangerous through too great flammability or through the
8.2.4 Non-commercial vehicle lifts. (the use of which is reserved nature and quantity of gas and fumes they may generate.
for authorized and instructed users)
The rated load shall be calculated at a rate of at least 200Kg/m2 of 8.4 Toe guards
available car area. 8.4.1 Each car sill shall be fitted with a toe guard which extends to the
8.2.5 Number of passengers full width of the clear landing entrance which it faces. This vertical
The number of passengers shall be obtained from: either, the formula: section shall be extended downwards by a chamfer whose angle with
rated load/75, and the result rounded down to the nearest whole the horizontal plane shall be greater than 60 degrees. The projection of
number or, tables 1 & 2, whichever gives the smaller value. this chamfer on the horizontal plane shall be not less than 20 mm.
8.4.2 The height of the vertical portion shall be at least 0,5m.
8 3 Walls, floor and roof of the car
8.3.1 The car shall be completely enclosed by walls, floor and roof, the.
8.5 Car entrance
only permissible openings are :
8.5.1 Car entrances shall be provided with doors.
a) entrances for the normal access of passengers.
8.5.2 It may however be permitted for goods passenger lifts not to be
b) emergency trap doors and doors.
fitted with doors if in addition to the provisions of 8.2.1 the following
c) ventilation apertures.
conditions are simultaneously fulfilled :
8.3.2 The walls, floor and roof shall have sufficient mechanical
a) the lift is reserved for authorized and instructed users.
strength. The assembly comprising the sling, guide shoes, walls, floor
b) the rated speed does not exceed 0.63 m/s.
and roof of the car shall have sufficient mechanical strength to resist
c) the depth of the car is greater than 1.5m.
the forces which will be applied in normal lift operation, in safety gear
d) the buttons or switches for car control, stop and alarm are at
operation or impact of the car on its buffers.
least 0.4m from the car entrance.
8.3.2.1 Each wall of the car shall have a mechanical strength such that
during the application of a force of 300N, applied at right angles to the 8.6 Car doors
wall, at any point, from the inside of the car towards the outside, this 8.6.1 The car doors shall be imperforate.
force being evenly distributed over an area of 5 cm^ in round or square Special case: Goods passenger lifts may use vertically sliding car
section, the wall: doors, opening upwards, and these may be in mesh or perforated panel

56 57
8.7.2 Power operated doors
form. The dimensions of the mesh or perforations shall not exceed 10
Power operated doors shall be designed to minimize the harmful
mm horizontally and 60 mm vertically.
consequences of a person being struck by a door panel. To this effect
8.6.2 The car doors when closed shall, apart from the necessary
the following requirements shall be met
clearances completely close the car entrances. Specific case: In the
8.7.2.1 Horizontally sliding doors.
case of a lift, the use of which is reserved for authorized and instructed
8.7.2.1.1 Automatically power operated doors,
users, where the height of the car entrance is greater than 2.5m, the
8.7.2.1.1.1 The effort needed to prevent the door closing shall not
height of the car door may be limited to 2m if the following conditions
exceed 150N. This measurement shall not be made in the first third of
are simultaneously fulfilled:
the travel of the door. r...
a) the door slides vertically
8.7.2.1.1.2 The kinetic energy of the car door and of the mechanical
b) the rated speed of the lift does not exceed 0.63m/s
elements which are rigidly connected to it, calculated or measured at
8.6.3 When closed, the clearance between panels, or between panels
the average closing speed, shall not exceed 10J.
and uprights, lintels or sills, shall be as small as possible. The
8.7.2.1.1.3 A sensitive protective device shall automatically
clearances between the nearest two surfaces shall not exceed 6mm.
initiate reopening of the door in the event of a person being struck (or
8.6.4 Sills, guides, door suspension.
about to be struck) by the door in crossing the entrance during the
The provisions of 7.4 relevant to car doors shall be observed.
closing movement.
8.6.5 Mechanical strength.
a) the effect of the device may be neutralized during the last
Car doors in closed position shall possess sufficient mechanical
50mm of travel of each door panel.
strength as defined in 8.3.2.1.
b) in the case of a system which makes the sensitive protection
device inoperative after a fixed period of time, to counteract
8.7 Protection during operation of doors
persistent obstructions when closing the door, the kinetic
8.7.1 General
energy defined above shall not exceed 4J during movement
The doors and the surrounds shall be designed in such a way as to
of the door with the protective device inoperative.
minimize the harmful consequences of jamming of a part of a person,
8.7.2.2 Vertically sliding doors.
clothing or other object. In order to avoid the risk of shearing during
Power closing of this type of door is permitted if all of the following
operation of the power operated sliding doors , the face of the doors on
the car side shall not have any hollows or projections of more than conditions are fulfilled simultaneously :
a) the lift is a goods passenger lift;
3 mm.
b) the closing is carried out under the permanent control of the
users;
59
58
c) the average closing speed of the panels is limited to 0.3 m/s. 8.10 Opening the car door :
8.10.1 In order to permit passengers to leave the car, if the car stops
8.8 Electrical device*for proving the car doors closed for any reason close to a landing, it shall be possible, with the car
8.8.1 It shall not be possible in normal operation to start the lift nor stopped and the supply to the door operator disconnected:
keep it in morion if a car door is open. Preliminary operations a) to open the car door by hand from the landing.
preparing for the movement of the car may take place. However, b) to open the car door together with the landing door linked to
movement of the lift with car door open is permitted under conditions it, if they are coupled, by hand from within the car. ■■
specified in 7.7.2.2. 8.10.2 If the car is provided with a mechanically locked door, the
8.8.2 Each car door shall be provided with an electrical device for opening of the car door from inside the car shall be possible only when
proving the closed position, so that the conditions imposed by 8.8.1 are the car is in the unlocking zone. The force required.to open th& car
satisfied. door in any case shall not exceed 300R _ v : -,

8.9 Case of sliding doors comprising several mechanically 8.11 Trap and emergency doors :
interlinked panels 8.11.1 Assistance to passengers in the car shall always come from
outside, being provided in particular by the emergency operation.
8.9.1 If a sliding door comprises several directly mechanically linked
panels, it is permitted : 8.11.2 If there is an emergency trap door in the car roof, it shall
a) to place the protective device on a single panel. measure at least 0.35 m * 0.50 m.
b) to place the protective device on the door driving element if 8.11.3 Emergency doors may be used in the case of adjacent cars,
the mechanical connection between this element and the provided that the horizontal distance between cars do not exceed 0.75
panels is direct. m.
The emergency doors shall measure at least 1.8m high and 0.35m wide.
c) to lock only one panel, provided that this single locking
prevents the opening of the other panels. 8.11.4 Emergency doors or trap doors shall conform to 8.3.2 , 8.3.3 and
8.9.2 If the panels are indirectly mechanically linked (e.g. by rope, belt also to the following :
or chain) it is permitted to place the protective device on a single 8.11.4.1 They shall be provided with a means for manual and
panel, provided that mechanical locking.
a) this is not the driven panel,and 8.11.4.1.1 They shall be opened from outside the car without a key and
b) the driven panel is mechanically linked directly to it. from inside the car with a key suited to the triangle shown in fig. 5 .
Emergency trap doors shall not open towards the inside of the car.

61
60
Emergency trap doors in the open position shall not project beyond the 8.13 The following shall be installed on top of the car :
edge of the lift car. a) an Inspection device in conformity with 14.2.1.2.
8.11.4.1.2 Emergency doors shall be opened from outside the car b) a stopping device in conformity with 14.2.2.3, 15.3
without a key and from inside the car using a key suited to the triangle c) a socket outlet.
defined in fig .5. Emergency doors shall not open towards the outside
of the car. Emergency doors shall not be located in the path of a 8.14 Car ventilation
counterweight or in front of a fixed obstacle ( except for beams 8.14.1 Cars shall be provided with ventilation apertures in the upper
separating the cars) preventing passage from one car to another. and lower parts of the car. :.. ^
8.11.4.2 The locking called for in 8.11.4.1 shall be proved by means of 8.14.2 The effective area of ventilation apertures shall be at least 2% of
an electric safety device. The device shall cause the lift to stop if the the available car area. The gaps around the car doorsmay be taken into
locking fails to be effective. Restoring the lift to service shall only be account in the calculation.
possible after deliberate relocking. 8.14.3 Ventilation apertures shall be built so that it is not possible
to pass a straight rigid rod of 10mm in diameter through the car walls
8.12 Car roof from inside.
8.12.1 Further to requirements of 8.3 the car roof shall be able to
support at least two persons of at least 2000 N without permanent 8.15 Car lighting
deformation. 8.15.1 The car shall be provided with electric lighting that is
The roof of the car shall provide a clear area of at least permanently illuminated ensuring a light intensity of at least 50 lux at
0.25 m * 0.50 m. floor level and on the control devices.
The car roof shall be so designed as to permit the installation of 8.15.2 There shall be at least two lamps connected in parallel.
a balustrade. 8.15.3 There shall be an automatically rechargeable emergency supply
8.12.2 If there are pulleys fixed to the car sling, they shall be which is capable of feeding at least a 1 Watt lamp for one hour in case
provideaVwith effective devices to avoid : of an interruption of the normal power supply.
a) bodily injury.
b) the suspension ropes, if slack, leaving their grooves. 8.16 Counterweight frame
c) the introduction of objects between ropes and grooves. 8.16.1 It incjudes cast iron sub-weights contained or cast inside a
structure steel channel frame. Measures should be taken to prevent the
displacement of the counterweight blocks.

62 63
Table 1 Recommended minimum dimensions for electric lifts
(residential buildings)
The counterweight shall be equal to the weight of the car plus 40% to g«n«ral purpose r*»id«ntial building*
50% of the rated car load.
rated - load (man) (kg) 300 450 630 1000
8.16.2 If pulleys are fixed to the counterweight they shall be provided
„, width (mm) 1000 1100
with devices to avoid:
depth (mm) 900 1 300 1500 2100
a) the suspension ropes, if slack, leaving the grooves,
height (mm) 2200
b) the introduction of objects between ropes and grooves. The
car door md width •*(mm) 800
devices shall be so constructed as not to hinder inspection or
landing doon height (mm) 2000
maintenance of the pulleys.
type central opming

well width fa™) 1600 1800


8.17 Clearance between the car and the lift well wall, and between
depth 1600 2100 2600
car and counterweight
pit depth (mm
8.17.1 General provision. V<1.00m/s 1200 1500

The clearances shall be maintained throughout the life of the lift. V < 1.60 m/s 1700

8.17.2 Clearances between car and wallfacing the car entrance, for V < 2.50 m/s
'/A 2800 1

lifts with car doors. height above the last level M 4000
V <1.00m/s
8.17.2.1 The horizontal distance between the inner surface of the lift V < 1.60 m/s 4400

well and the sill or framework of the car entrance or door (or entrance V < 2.50 m/s
'//A *»
edge of doors in the case of sliding doors) shall not exceed 0.15 m. machine V <1.00m/i surface (m2j 7.5 10 12

room width * (mm) 2200 2400


8.17.2.2 The horizontal distance between the sill of the car and sill of
depth * (mm) 3200 3700 4200
the landing doors shall not exceed 35 mm.
height (mm) 2000
8.17.2.3 The horizontal distance between the car door and the closed
V <1.60m/i surface . 2-. 10 12 14
' landing doors or the access distance between the doors during the
width ' * (mm) 2200 2400
whole of their normal operation shall not exceed 0.12 m.
depth - * (mm) 3200 3700 420O
8.17.3 Clearances between car and counterweight.
height (mm) 2200
The car and its associated components shall be at a distance of at least 14
V < 2.50 m/s surface . z *Y/ 16
0.05 m from the counterweight and its associated components. width * (mm) 28O0
8.17.4 Clearances between counterweight and well walls depth * (mm)
'/A 3700 . 420"
y
The counterweight and its associated components shall be at distance //<
of at least 0.05 m from the well walls.
height (mm)
'/A
S-L-^U
2600
,

* Values of width and depth for machine room are minimum . The actual dimensions shall provi-1'
floor area at least equal to surface area.
64 * In case of swinging door, minimum width = 700 mm g5
Table 2 Recommended minimum dimensions for electric
(non residential buildings)

non-residential buildings
(offlccs,b»nk3,hotels,etc)

W*PB 5

uviea S

3 RIPII
8 s

qvfePTO s

•icon doi
3

* S
wfoa

«npu

iq*»H
8

to^a 3
$

Ripn

i"*a fl

w * pwdg "^

-3 £}»Wty)
E-i S

* Values of width and depth for machine room arc minimum . The actual dimensions shall provide
66 floor area at least equal to surface area .
Table 3 The relationship between rated load and maximum available area

maximum rated load maximum


rated load, available car
mass available car mass
area area
kg m* kg m2

100 0.37
0.58
900
975
2.20
2.35 W\/j M«cliu»Jt*HO MMM&«'<& I
180
225
300
0.70
0.90
1000
1050
2.40
2.50
i 1
2.65 !
375 1.10 1125
1.17 1200 2.BO Depth
400 2.90
450 1.30 1250 Section X-X
1.45 1275 2.95
525 3.10 of machine room
600 1.60 1350
1.66 1425 3.25
630 3.40
Y#tftf#M/& 1
675 1.75 1500
1.90 1600 3.56
750 4.20
2.00 2000

M
800 5.00 Dow '
825 2.05 2500 * Highest level Width
served

Section Y-Y
of -well and car
* Beyond 2500 kg add 0.16 ml for each extra 100 kg.
for intermediate loads the area is determined by linear interpolation.
Lowest level
served
Pit

Fig.3. Sections of lift well and machine room .

69
68
1
1 BOO
i too
n-— A
VI
—H With W—

lift Well
100
630 Kf

L Car Height: 2200

i Clear Entrance: 2000

Machine Room I DM Kg 2

Fig. 4. a) Lifts for residential buildings

Fig. 3(H) Sections of hydraulic lift well k machine room.

71
70
830 Kf 800 Kf 1000 kf 1250 Kg
1800 i S400 .,1 »- 2MQ

i- iioo u»
1600
'=fc"
1060
i
2100

r -J"»I- -H«ooH~
n -[
-UIOOK
=
f = r —i llM i—
8300

1000 Ig

1000 Ig
24CQ 1760 2600
Car Height : 2200
d<ar Balnnc«:2000
1400
Sir
3000 D 2400
Car hei£hfc230Q
Y -HUWOh-T Oeu Kfttrance :2000

Fig.5. Unlocking triangle for emergency, trap doors and doors


- Dimensions in mms.

Kf.4.b) Lifts (or non-residential buildings

Fig.4. Recommended minimum dimensions in mms


for electric lifts .

72 73
9E. SUSPENSION, COMPENSATION, SAFETY GEAR AND 9E.1.8 Rope data
OVERSPEED GOVERNOR The rope characteristics (construction, extension, ovalit/,
flexibility,...) shall correspond to those specified in the international
9E.1 Suspension means. standards for ropes.
9E.1.1 Cars and counterweights shall be suspended from steel wire Tables 4a , 4b and fig. 6 give some types for suspension ropes usually
ropes. used for lifts. '
9E.1.2 Rope diameter
9E.2 Ratio between diameter of sheaves or pulleys and diameter of
The nominal diameter of the ropes shall be at least 10 mm.
9E.13 Tensile strength of the wires ropes,'safety factor of ropes.
The individual wires of the traction ropes used as suspension means 9E.2.1 The ratio between the pitch diameter of sheaves or pulleys and
shall have a tensile strength of not less than BOON/mm^ and not more the nominal diameter of the suspension ropes shall be at least 40,
than 1800 N/mm2. regardless of the number of strands.
9E.1.4 Rope safety factor 9E.2.2 The safety factor of the suspension ropes shall be at least 12 in
The wire ropes used for suspension means shall only be stressed up to the case of traction drive with three ropes or more. The safety factor is
1/12 of their tensile strength. the ratio between the minimum breaking load (N) of one rope and the
9E. 1.5 Number of ropes maximum force (N) in this rope, when the car is stationary at the
The minimum number of ropes shall be three. Ropes shall be lowest level, with its rated load. For the calculation of this maximum
independent. force the following shall be taken into consideration : the number of
9E.1.6 Multiple roping ropes, the reeving factor (in case of reeving ), the rated load, the mass
Where reeving is used the number to take into account is that of the of the car, the mass of the rope and the mass of the portion of the
ropes and not the falls. travelling cables and any compensation devices suspended from the
9E.1.7 Equalization of tension car.
Devices shall be provided to distribute the loads evenly on each rope. 9E.2.3 The junction between the rope and the rope cerminations,
If springs are used they must be under compressive stress. according to 9E.2.3.1, shall be able to resist at least 80% of the
It shall be possible to regulate the terminal fastening of the ropes minimum breaking load of the rope (or 10 times the actual load per
to compensate for rope stretch. rope).
9E.2.3.1 The ends of the ropes shall be fixed to the car, counterweight
or suspension points by means of metal or resin filled sockets, self
tightening wedge type sockets, heart shaped thimbles with at least

74 75
(b) the tension shall be checked by an electric safety device in
three suitable rope grips, hand spliced eyes, ferrule securedj;yes, or
any other system with equivalent safety. conformity with 14.1.2;
(c) the ratio between the pitch diameter of the pulleys and the
9E.3 Rope traction for traction drive lift Specific pressure nominal diameter of the compensating ropes shall be at
9E.3.1 Rope traction shall be such that the following two conditions least 30.
are fulfilled; 9E.5.2 When the rated speed exceeds 3.5m/s there shall be in addition
(a) it shall not be possible to raise the car when the to 9E.5.1, an anti-rebound device. The operation of the anti-rebound
counterweight is resting on the buffers, and the lift machine device shall initiate the stopping of the lift machine by means of an
is rotated in the "up" direction. electric safety device in conformity with 14.1.2 '
(b) the formula in note 1 at the end of clause 9E shall be
9E.6 Safety gear
satisfied.
9E.6.1 General provisions
9E.3.2 The specific pressure of the suspension ropes in the traction
9E.6.1.1 The car shall be provided with a safety gear capable of
sheave grooves shall conform to the requirements of note 2 at the end
of clause 9E. operating only in the downward direction and capable of stopping a car
carrying the rated load, at the tripping speed of the overspeed
governor, even if the suspension devices break, by gripping the guides,
9E.4 Distribution of load between the ropes.
and of holding the car there.
9E.4.1 A device shall be provided for equalizing the tension of
9E.6.1.2 In the case envisaged in 5.3.2 (b), the counterweight shall
suspension ropes automatically, at least at one of their ends.
also be equipped with safety gear, operating only on a downward
9E.4.2 If springs are used to equalize the tension they shall work
moving counterweight, capable of stopping it at the tripping speed of
in compression.
the overspeed governor, or by gripping the guides, and of holding the
9E.4.3 The devices for adjusting the length of ropes shall be made in
counterweight there (for specific case of 9E.6.3.1).
such a way that these devices cannot work loose after adjustment.
9E.6.2 Conditions of use for different types of safety gear.
9E.6.2.1 Car safety gear shall be of the progressive type if the rated
9E.5 Compensating ropes
speed of the lift exceeds 1 m/s. It can be :
9E.5.1 Compensating ropes with tensioning pulleys shall be used if the
(a) of the instantaneous type with buffered effect if the rated
rated speed of the lift exceeds 2.5m/s, and the following conditions
speed does not exceed 1 m/s.
shall apply:
(b) of the instantaneous type if the rated speed does not exceed
(a) the tension shall be provided by gravity;
0.63 m/s.
77
76
9E.6.6.2 For safety gear of the instantaneous type with buffered effect,
9E.6.2.2 If the car carries several safety gears they shall all be of
the design of the buffering systems shall be of the energy accumulation
the progressive type.
type with buffered return movement or the energy dissipation type.
9E.6.2.3 The safety gear of the counterweight shall be of the
9E.6.6.3 The safety gear operating devices shall preferably be located
progressive type if the rated speed exceeds 1 m/s, otherwise, the
safety gear may be of the instantaneous type. at the lower part of the car.
9E.6.6.4 It shall be possible to seal adjustable components.
9E.6.3 Methods of control
9E.6.7 Inclination of the carfloor in the case of safety gear*
9E.6.3.1 The safety gear of the car and counterweight shall each be
tripped by its own overspeed governor. operation,
When the safety gear operates, the load (if any ) being
Specific case: The safety gear of counterweights may be tripped by the
uniformly distributed, the floor of the car shall not incline more than
failure of the suspension gear or by a safety rope if the rated speed
5%fromits normal position.
does not exceed 1 m/s.
9E.6.3.2 The tripping of safety gears by devices which operate 9E.6.8 Electrical checking.
When the car safety gear is engaged, a device mounted on the car shall
electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically is forbidden.
initiate the stopping of the motor before or at the moment of safety
9E.6.4 Retardation.
For progressive safety gear the average retardation in the case of free gear operation. This device shall be an electric safety device in
fall with rated load in the car shall lie between 0.2gn and 1-Og . conformity with 14.1.2.
9E.6.5 Release
9E.6.5.1 The release of the safety gear on the car ( or the 9E.7 Overspeed governor.
9E.7.1 The overspeed governor tripping speed shall not be less than
counterweight) shall only be possible by raising the car or the
115% of the rated speed and shall not exceed the values shown in table
counterweight.
(5 ) according to the type of safety gear applied.
9E.6.5.2 After its release, the safety gear shall be in a condition to
9E.7.2 Choice of tripping speeds.
operate normally.
9E.7.2.1 For lifts where the rated speed exceeds 1 m/s, it is
9E.6.5.3 After the release of the safety gear it shall require
recommended to choose a tripping speed as close as possible to the
the intervention of a competent person to return the lift to service.
9E.6.6 Constructional conditions. upper limit indicated in 9E.7.1.
9E.7.3 The tripping speed of an overspeed governor for a
9E.6.6.1 It is forbidden to use the jaws or safety blocks as guide shoes.
counterweight safety gear shall be higher by not more than 10% of the
car safety gear.

79
78
*K. *.4 I t>o u'twiti- tWw m ( ^ o\rrsjxvJ g&wxnor rope produced by 9E.7.9 Possibility of tripping the overspeed governor.
the governor, when tripped, shall be at least twice that necessary to During checks or tests it shall be possible to operate the safety gear at a
engage the safety gear with a minimum value of 300N. lower speed than that indicated in 9E.7.1.
9E.7.5 The direction of rotation, corresponding to the operation of the 9E.7.10 The means of adjusting the overspeed governor shall be sealed
safety gear, shall be marked on the overspeed governor. after setting the tripping speed.
9E.7.6 Overspeed governor ropes. 9E.7.11 Electrical checking.
9E.7.6.1 The overspeed governor shall be driven by a very flexible 9E.7.11.1 For rated speeds exceeding lm/s the overspeed governor
wire rope. shall, by means of an electric safety device in conformity with 141.2,
9E.7.6.2 The breaking load of the rope shall be related by a safety initiate the stopping of the lift machine before the car speed either up
factor of at least 8 to the tensile force produced in the rope of the or down, reaches the tripping speed of the governor, •■
overspeed governor when tripped. 9E.7.U.2 If after release of the safety gear the overspeed governor
9E.7.6.3 The nominal rope diameter shall be at least 6 mm. does not automatically reset itself, an electric safety device in
9E.7.6.4 The ratio between the pitch diameter of the overspeed conformity with 14.1.2 shall prevent the starting of the lift while the
governor pulley and the nominal rope diameter shall be at least 30. overspeed governor is in the tripped condition. Return to service shall
9E.7.6.S The rope shall be tensioned by a tensioning pulley. This be by a competent person.
pulley shall be guided. 9E.7.11.3 The breakage or slackening of the governor rope shall cause
9E.7.6.6 During the engagement of the safety gear, the governor rope the motor to stop by means of an electric safety device in conformity
and its attachments shall remain intact, even in the case of a braking with 14.1.2 for speeds over lm/s.
distance greater than normal.
9E.7.6.7 The rope shall be easily detachable from the safety gear. Note 1. Traction . The following formula shall be satisfied :
9E.7.7 Response time.
The response time of the overspeed governor before tripping shall be T1/T2*C1*C2<et.a
sufficiently short so as not to permit a dangerous speed to be reached Where:
before the moment of safety gear operation.
9E.7.8 Accessibility. Tj / T 2 = ratio between the greater and the smaller static force in the
The overspeed governor shall be completely accessible in all portions of rope situated on either side of the traction sheave in the
circumstances. If situated in the well it shall be accessible from outside following cases:
the well.

81
80
Car stationary at the lower landing with a load equivalent to 125% of 4 K / 1 - s i n fl / 2 . . . .
f = ,-i _ : for semicircular grooves
the rated load; or undercut grooves,

Car stationary at the highest landing level, unloaded.


a - angle of wrap of the ropes on the traction sheave (rad),
Cj = coefficient taking account of acceleration, deceleration and 6 = angle of the undercut grooves or semicircular grooves in the
traction sheave (rad) (B=0 for semicircular grooves );
specific conditions of the installation.
C
l = Cgn+a)/(gn-a)
gn = standard acceleration of free fall (m/s^)
a = braking deceleration of the car (m/s^)

The following minimum values of Ci may be permitted:


1.10 for rated speeds £ 0.63 m/s,
1.15 for rated speeds £ l.OOm/s,
1.20 for rated speeds < 1,60 m/s,
1.25 for rated speeds < 2.5 m/s,
y - angle of the V-grooves in the traction sheave (rad),
1.33 for rated speeds < 4.0 m/s,
C2 = coefficient taking account of variation in profile of the
groove due to wear;
C2 = 1 for semicircular or undercut grooves,
C2 = 1.2 for V-grooves,
e = base of natural logarithm,
f = friction factor of the ropes in the grooves,

f= for V-grooves,
sin 7 / 2
(i = coefficient of friction between steel ropes and cast iron pulleys =
0.09

82 83
Note 2. Specific pressure of the ropes in the grooves. The specific
pressure is calculated according to the following formulae:

m / .a ~ * 8 c o s fi / 2 Table 4.a: Seale-wire type ropes


P = T / rid D * ff .^ .
11 - ft - s i n ft Type of rope Nominal Weight Minimum Modulinof Tensile Metallic
diameter OgMO breaking elastfsiiy strength area
(mm) load(N) (NAmn2) (N/inm2) %

for undercut or semicircular grooves Scale-wire rope 10 0.34 44000 80000 Mm. 0.46
6-strands 11 0.42 53000 80000 1570 0.46
p = T / n d D * 4 . 5 / s i n Y / 2 forV-grooves 8-strands 13 0.58 74000 , 80000 1570 0.46
Ordinary lay 16 0.S8 113000 80000 "' 1570 0.46
fibre core 19 1.24 159000 80000 1570 0.46

The specific pressure of the ropes shall not exceed the following value,
with the car carrying its rated load:

^ 12.5 + 4 v c
P £ *-
l + vc
Where v c = speed of the ropes. Table 4.b: Double equal lay type ropes

Modulus of Metallic

Stl
Type of rope Nominal Weight Minimum
diameter (kgAn) breaking elastisily area
(mm) load(N) (N/mm2) %
Double equallay 13 0,67 96000 80000 1570 0.57
Wire ropes
9- strands 16 1.02 148000 80000 1570 0.57
Ordinary lay
Man-made fibre 19 1.47 212000 80000 1570 0.57
one

84
Table 5 Maximum tripping speeds of different types of overspeed governors

Rated speed (m/s) Type of safety gear Max. overspeed


governor tripping speed (m/s)

0.63 Instantaneous 0.8


Seale-wire ropes :
wedge-type
safety gear number of strands :
0.63 Captive 0.8 number of virei per strand IB (9+9+1)
0.70 roller type 0.85 man-made fibre core
0.95
typea of coru :
0.75
type of lay : ordinary lay
10 direction of lay: right hand
Instantaneous type 1.5
safety gear with bufferd effect

number of strands : 6
number of wirea per strand 10 (8+8+1)
1.2 Progressive 1.7 natural fibre core
type 2.15 typea of cores :
1.6 ordinary lay
2.0 2.5 type of lay :
2.5 3.2 direction of lay; right and left hands
3.0 3.8
4.0 5

DP9 Tfire ropes-double equal lay

number of strands : 8+8


number of wires per strand : 17.7(8+8+1), (6+1)
typea of cores : man-made fibre core
type of lay : ordinary lay
direction of lay: right hand

Fig.6. Sample c r o s s - s e c t i o n of wire ropea .

87
9H. SUSPENSION, PRECAUTIONS AGAINST FREE FALL, ♦international standards. Table 4a,4b and fig. 6 give some types for
DESCENT WITH EXCESSIVE SPEED AND CREEPING suspension ropes usually used for lifts.
OF THE CAR. 9H.1.9 Suspension meansfor direct acting lift:
(See clause 12).
9H.1 Suspension means for indirect acting lifts.
9H.1.1 Cars shall be suspended from steel wire ropes. 9H.2 Ratio between diameter of sheaves or pulleys and diameter
9H.1.2 Rope diameter of ropes, safety factor of ropes.
The nominal diameter of the ropes shall be at least 9 mm. 9H.2.1 The ratio between the pitch diameter of sheaves or pulleys and
9H.1.3 Tensile strength of the wires the nominal diameter of the suspension ropes shall be at least
The individual wires of the traction ropes used as suspension means 40, regardless of the number of strands.
shall have a tensile strength of not less than 1300N/mm* and not more 9H.2.2 The safety factor of the suspension ropes shall be at least 12 .
than 1800 N/mm2. The safety factor is the ratio between the minimum breaking load (N)
9H.1.4 Rope safety factor of one rope and the maximum force (N) in this rope, when the car is
The wire ropes used for suspension means shall only be stressed up stationary at the lowest level, with its rated load. For the calculation of
to 1/12 of their tensile strength. this maximum force the following shall be taken into consideration :
9H.1.5 Number of ropes the number of ropes, the reeving factor (in case of reeving), the rated
The minimum number of ropes shall be two per jack. Ropes shall be load, the mass of the car, the mass of the rope and the mass of the
independent. portion of the travelling cables suspended from the car.
9H.1.6 Multiple roping 9H.2.3 The junction between the rope and the rope terminations,
Where reeving is used the number to take into account is that of the according to 9H.2.3.1, shall be able to resist at least 80% of the
ropes and not the falls. minimum breaking load of the rope (or 10 times the actual load per
9H.1.7 Equalization of tension rope).
Devices shall be provided to distribute the loads evenly on each rope. 9H.2.3.1 The ends of the ropes shall be fixed to the car, or suspension
If springs^are used they must be under compressive stress. It shall be points by means of metal or resin filled sockets, self tightening wedge
possible to regulate the terminal fastening of the ropes to compensate type sockets, heart shaped thimbles with at least three suitable rope
for rope stretch. grips, hand spliced eyes, ferrule secured eyes, or any other system
9l\.1.8 Rope data with equivalent safety.
The rope characteristics (construction, extension, ovality,
flexibility,...) shall at least correspond to those specified in the

88 89
9H.3 Distribution of load between the ropes.
2)for indirect acting lifts:
9H.3.1 A device shall be provided for equalizing the tension of
a)Overspeed governor plus safety gear
suspension ropes automatically, at least at one of their ends.
b)Rupture valve plus safety gear (actuated by failure of
9H.3.2 If springs are used to equalize the tension they shall work
suspension gear or by safety rope)
in compression.
c)Restrictor plus safety gear (actuated by failure of
9H.3.3 The devices for adjusting the length of ropes shall be made in
suspension gear or by safety rope)
such a way that these devices cannot work loose after adjustment.
9H.3.4 An electric safety device shall cause the lift to stop in case of (See table 2 [ H ] , illustrations 7 [ H ] and 8 [ H ] for
abnormal relative extension of one rope. For lifts with 2 or more jacks arrangements of direct and indirect acting hydraulic lifts .)
pthis requirement applies for each suspension set.

9H.6 Safety gear


9H.4 Protection of pulleys used for diversion and reeving.
When required by 9H.5.1 safety gear shall be provided which satisfies
9H.4.1 Devices shall be provided to avoid:
the following conditions:
a) bodily injury
9H.6.1 General provisions
b) the ropes leaving their grooves , if slack
9H.6.1.1 The car safety gear shall be capable of operating only during
c) the introduction of objects between ropes and grooves (or
the downward movement of the car and of stopping the car carrying
pulleys).
the rated load, at the tripping speed of the overspeed governor, or
9H.4.2 The devices used shall be so constructed that they do not
safety rope (even if the suspension devices break ,in case of indirect
hinder examinations and tests or maintenance operations.
lifts) and of maintaining the car stationary.
9H.6.2 Conditions of use for different types of safety gear.
9H.5 Precautions against free fall of the car and descent with
9H.6.2.1 Car safety gears may be of the following types:
excessive speed.
a) progressive
9H.5.1 One of the following devices shall be provided to prevent the
b) instantaneous with buffered effect;
car from free fall, or descent with excessive speed:
c) instantaneous if the rated speed downwards v d does
l)for direct acting lifts:
not exceed 0.63 m/s.
a)Overspeed governor plus safety gear
9H.6.2.2 If the car carries several safety gears they shall all be of the
b)Rupture valve
progressive type.
c)Restrictor

90 91
9H.6.7 Inclination of the car floor in the case of safety gear
9H.6.3 Methods of control.
9H.6.3.1 The safety gear of the car shall be tripped either by: operation.
a)the overspeed governor When the safety gear operates, the load (if any) being
uniformly distributed, the floor of the car shall not incline more than
b)the failure of the suspension
c)or by a safety rope, according to the requirement of 5% from its normal position.
9H.5.1 9H.6.8 Electrical checking.
9H.6.3.2 The tripping of safety gear by devices which operate When the car safety gear is engaged, an electric device actuated by it,
electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically is forbidden. shall initiate the stopping of the machine and prevent starting of the
9H.6.4 Retardation. machine in downward motion.The power supply shall be interrupted.
For progressive safety gear the average retardation in the case of free
9H.7 Overspeed governor.
fall with rated load in the car shall lie between 0.2gn and l.Og .
When required by 9H.5.1 overspeed governor shall be provided,
9H.6.5 Release
which satisfies the following conditions.
9H.6.5.1 The release of the safety gear on the car shall only be
9H.7.1 The overspeed governor tripping speed shall not be less than
possible by raising the car.
115% of the rated speed downwards vd and less than:
9H.6.5.2 After its release, the safety gear shall be in a condition to
operate normally. a) 0.8 m/s for instantaneous safety gears except for the
9H.6.5.3 After the release of the safety gear it shall require the captive roller type.
intervention of a competent person to return the lift to service. b) 1 m/s for safety gears of the captive roller type
9H.6.6 Constructional conditions. 9H.7.2 The tensile force in the overspeed governor rope produced by
9H.6.6.1 It is forbidden to use the jaws or safety blocks as guide the governor, when tripped, shall be at least twice that necessary to
shoes. engage the safety gear with a minimum value of 300N.
9H.6.6.2 For safety gear of the instantaneous type with buffered 9H.7.3 The direction of rotation, corresponding to the operation of the
effect, the design of the buffering systems shall be of the energy safety gear, shall be marked on the overspeed governor.
accumulation type with buffered return movement or the energy 9H.7.4 Overspeed governor ropes.
dissipation type. 9H.7.4.1 The overspeed governor shall be driven by a very flexible
wire rope.
9H.6.6.3 The safety gear operating devices shall preferably be located
9H.7.4.2 The breaking load of the rope shall be related by a safety
at the lower part of the car.
9H.6.6.4 It shall be possible to seal adjustable components. factor of at least 8 to the tensile force produced in the rope of the
overspeed governor when tripped.

93
92
conformity with ( 14.1.2) shall prevent the starting of the lift while the
9H.7.4.3 The nominal rope diameter shall be at least 6 mm.
9H.7.4.4 The ratio between the pitch diameter of the overspeed overspeed governor is in the tripped condition. Return to service shall
governor pulley and the nominal rope diameter shall be at least 30. be by a competent person.
9H.7.4.5 The rope shall be tensioned by a tensioning pulley. This 9H.7.9.3 The breakage or slackening of the governor rope shall cause
pulley shall be guided. the motor to stop by means of an electric safety device in conformity
9H.7;4.6 During the engagement of die safety gear, the governor rope with (14.1.2) '**
and its attachments shall remain intact, even in the case of a
braking distance greater than normal. 9H.8 Safety rope
9H.7.4.7 The rope shall be easily detachable from the safety gear. When required by 9H.5.1 a safety rope shall be provided which
9H.7.5 Response time. satisfies the following conditions.
The response time of the overspeed governor before tripping shall be 9H.8.1 The safety rope shall be in conformity with 9H.7.4
9H.8.2 The rope shall be tensioned by gravity or by at least one guided
sufficiently short so as not to permit a dangerous speed to be
reached before the moment of safety gear operation. compression spring.
9H.8.3 During engagement of the safety gear, the safety rope and
9H.7.6 Accessibility.
its attachments shall remain intact, even in the case of braking distance
The overspeed governor shall be completely accessible in all
circumstances. If situated in the well it shall be accessible from greater than normal.
9H.8.4 The breakage or slackening of the safety rope shall cause the
outside the well.
machine to stop by means of an electric safety device in conformity
9H.7.7 Possibility of tripping the overspeed governor.
During checks or tests it shall be possible to operate the safety gear at with (14,1.2).
a lower speed than that indicated in 9H.7.1. 9H.8.5 Pulleys used for carrying the safety rope shall be
9H.7.8 The means of adjusting the overspeed governor shall be sealed mounted independently of any shaft or pulley assembly that carries the
after setting the tripping speed. suspension ropes or chains. Protection devices shall be provided in
9H.7.9 Electrical checking. accordance with 9H.4.1..
9H.7.9.1 The overspeed governor shall, by means of an electric safety
device in conformity with 14.1.2, initiate the stopping of the lift 9H.9 Tripping by failure of the suspension gear:
machine at latest at the moment when the car speed reaches the When required by 9H.5.1 the following conditions shall be satisfied:
tripping speed of the governor. 9H.9.1 When springs are used for the tripping of the safety gear they
9H.7.9.2 If after release of the safety gear the overspeed governor shall be of the guided compression type.
does not automatically reset itself, an electric safety device in
95
94
9H.13.2 There shall be provided at least one electrically retractable
9H.9.2 It shall be possible to make a test, to show that the failure of
pawl designed in its extended position to stop the downward moving
the suspension gear will trip the safety gear.
car against fixed supports.
9H.9.3 In case of a lift with several jacks the failure of the suspension
9H.13.3 For each landing, supports shall be provided arranged at two
gear of any one of the jacks shall trip the safety gear.
levels
9H.10 Rupture valve and restrictor a) to prevent the car sinking below the landing level by more
When required by 9H.5.1 a rupture valve or a restrictor shall be than 0.12 m , and
provided which satisfies the conditions in clause 12H.5.5 and 12H.5.6. b) to stop the car at the lower end of the unlocking zone.
9H.13.4 The movement of the pawl(s) to the extended position shall
9H.11 Precautions against creeping be effected by guided compression spring(s) and/or by gravity.
9H.11.1 One of the following devices or combinations of devices and 9H.13.5 The supply to the electric retraction device shall be
their actuation , according to table 2 [ H ] , shall be provided to interrupted when the machine is stopped.
prevent the car from creeping from a landing level by more than 9H.13.6 The design of the pawl(s) and supports shall be such that
0.12m; and likewise, creeping so far as to leave the unlocking zone. independent of the position of the pawl(s) the car cannot be stopped in
These devices are: the upward direction and no damage is caused.
a)electrical anti-creep system 9H.13.7 A buffering system shall be incorporated in the pawl device.
b)pawl device 9H.13.8 An electric safety device shall prevent any normal down
c)clamping device movement of the car when a pawl is not in the retracted position.
d)additional tripping of safety gear 9H.13.9 Inclination of the car floor in case of pawl device operation
shall not exceed 5% from its normal position.
9H.12 Electrical anti-creep system
9H.14 Clamping device
For electrical anti-creep system , see clause [H] 14. 2.1.4 . When required by 9H.11.1 a clamping device shall be provided,

9H.13 Pawl device which satisfies the following conditions.


When required by 9H. 11.1 a pawl device shall be provided which 9H.14.1 The clamping device shall be capable of operating only
satisfies the following conditions. during downward movement of the car, and of stopping the car and
9H.13.1 The pawl device shall be capable of operating only in the maintaining the car stationary with the rated load .
downward direction and capable of stopping and maintaining 9H.14.2 Clamping devices may be of the following types:
stationary on fixed stops the car with rated load. a) progressive;

97
96
b) instantaneous with buffered effect; 911.14.10 Tripping means for clamping devices
c) instantaneous if rated speed downwards does not exceed 9H.14.10.1 General provisions
0.63 m/s. The force exerted by the tripping means for the tripping of
9H.14.3 If the car carries several clamping devices they shall be of the clamping device shall be at least the greater of the two following
progressive type. values:
9H.14.4 Method of control a) either 300 N , or
9H.14.4.1 The tripping of clamping devices shall be by the following b) twice that necessary to engage the clamping device.
means: 911.14.11 Tripping by rope.
a) tripping by rope , or Tripping by rope of the clamping device shall be actuated under the
b) tripping by lever. following conditions:
9H.14.4.2 The tripping of clamping devices by devices which operate a) After a normal stop , a rope which satisfies 9H.7.4 attached
electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically is forbidden. to the clamping device shall be blocked with a force defined
9H.14.5 Retardation. in9H.14.10.1 (for example , the overspeed governor rope).
For progressive clamping devices the average retardation in case of a b) The rope blocking mechanism shall be released during
descent with the rated load, shall lie between 0.2 gn and 1.0 gn. normal movement of the car.
9H.14.6 Release. c) The rope blocking mechanism shall be actuated by
The release of the clamping device shall only be possible by raising guided compression spring(s) and/or by gravity.
the car. d) Emergency operation shall be possible in all circumstances.
9H.14.6.1 After its release , the clamping device shall be in a e) An electric device associated with the rope blocking
condition to operate normally. mechanism shall cause stopping of the machine at latest at
9H.14.7 Constructional conditions the moment of blocking of the rope , and shall prevent any
The requirements of 9H.6.6 apply by analogy. further normal downward movement of the car.
9H.14.8 Inclination of the carfloor in case of clamping device f) Precautions shall be taken to avoid involuntary tripping of
operation. the clamping device , by the rope in case of the
The requirements of 9H.6.7 apply by analogy. disconnection of the electric power supply during a
9H.14.9 Electrical checking downward movement of the car.
The requirements of 9H.6.8 apply by analogy. g) The design of the system of rope and rope blocking
mechanism shall be such that no damage is possible during

99
98
the engagement of the clamping device , even in case of h) The design of the lever and stops system shall be such that
longer braking distances. no damage is possible by an upward movement of the car.
h) The design of the system of rope and rope blocking
mechanism shall be such that no damage is possible by an 9H.15 Additional tri pping of safety gear
upward movement of the car. The requirements of 9H.14 apply by analogy.
911.14.12 Tripping by lever.
Tripping by lever of the clamping device shall be actuated under the
following conditions:
a) After the normal stopping of the car, a lever attached to the
clamping device , shall be extended into a position to
engage with fixed stops, which are located at each landing.
b) The lever shall be retracted during the normal movement of
the car.
c) The movement of the lever to the extended position shall be
effected by guided compression spring(s) and/or by gravity.
d) Emergency operation shall be possible in all circumstances.
e) An electric device associated with the lever shall cause
stopping of the machine at latest at the moment of lever
extension, and shall prevent any further normal downward
movement of the car.
f) Precautions shall be taken to avoid involuntary tripping of
the clamping device , by the lever , in case of the
disconnection of the electric power supply during a
downward movement of the car.
g) The design of the lever and stops system shall be such that
no damage is possible during the engagement of the
clamping device, even in the case of longer braking
distances.

101
100
©

Table 2[H] Combinations of precautions against free fall of the car, descent with excess speed and creeping

Precautions against creeping


X Combination to be Selected Additional Clamping de­ Pawl device Electrical anti-
tripping of vice, tripped creep system
safety gear by downward
by downward movement of
movement of the car
the car
Safety gear, tripped by overspeed governor X 1 X X
1

Precautions
direct acting lifts (k
v£,>
X X
Restrictor X X
against free
fail or de­ Safety gear, tripped by overspeed governor X X
scent with X
excessive Rupture valve plus safety gear tripped by fail­
speed Indirect acting ure ot suspension gear or by safety rope X X X
lifts
Restrictor plus safety gear tripped by failure of
suspension gear or by safety rope X X

1=1 ■

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en

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10. GUIDES

10.1 General provisions.


10.1.1 The strength of the guides, their attachments and joints shall be
sufficient to withstand the forces imposed due to the operation of the
safety gear and deflections due to uneven loading of the car. This
-s. Diverting Diverting
5-4 pulley pulley deflection shall be limited to a value that will not affect the normal
1V~
operation of the lift.
J
Car
Jack [H] 10.1.1 The strength of the guides, their attachments and joints
Jack
shall be sufficient to withstand the forces imposed due to the operation
Ropes Car
Ropes of the safety gear or the clamping device or the pawl device , and
deflections due to uneven loading of the car. This deflection shall be
x
^ Guide base limited to a value that will not affect the normal operation of the lift.

10.1.2 The fixing of the guides to their brackets and to the building
Side car 1:2 Tandem 1:2
shall permit compensation, either automatically or by simple
adjustment, of effects due to normal settling of the building or
shrinkage of concrete. A rotation of the attachments by which the guide
could be released shall be prevented.
Illustration 8(H).Arrangement of indirect acting hydraulic lifts .
10.1.3 The car and counterweight shall each be guided at least by two
rigid steel guides.

[H] 10.1.3 The car shall be guided at least by two rigid steel guides.

10.1.4 The guide rails shall be T-section and be made either from
drawn steel, or the rubbing surfaces shall be machined. Guide rails
shall have finished guiding surfaces. Guide rail brackets, rail clips, fish
plates and their fastenings shall be of steel.
105
104
105
Where:
Fig.7 shows a sample of guide rail profile of commercial type. L = sum of the mass of empty car and the masses of the portion
of the travelling cables and any compensation devices
10.2 Stresses and deflections. suspended from the car (kg).
10.2.1 Horizontal forces. Li = sum of the mass of the empty car and of the mass of the ram
The stresses in a guide rail or in the rail and its reinforcement, due to (in case of direct acting hydraulic lifts only).
the horizontal forces imposed on the rail during loading, unloading or Q = rated load (kg)
running, calculated without impact, shall not exceed lOON/mm (for 2
A = cross sectional area of the guide (mm2).
steel of 370 N / m m 2 grade), and shall not exceed n O N / m m 2 (for steel S = max. distance between guide brackets (mm).
of 520 N / m m 2 grade). Deflections shall not exceed 3mm. i s the smaller value of the radius of gyration ix
10.2.2 Car guide raits profile size and brackets spacing in andiy (mm)
relation to the operation of the safety gear. A. = coefficient of slenderness = S/i
The car guide rails size and brackets spacing shall be sufficient to 03 = buckling factor read in the tables 6&7 as function

withstand the buckling stress imposed due to the operation of safety of X


gear. The buckling stress ok in the guides during safety gear operation
Buckling stress o~k in N / m m 2 shall not exceed 140 N / m m 2 for steel
may be evaluated according to the formula :
370 N / m m 2 grade or 210 N / m m 2 for steel of 520 N / m m 2 grade

ok = C ( L + Q)u)/ A(N/mm2) [H] 10.2.2 Car guide rails profile size and brackets spacing
in relation to the operation of the safety gear.
Where: The car guide rails size and brackets spacing shall be sufficient
C = 25 when using instantaneous safety gear to withstand the buckling stress imposed due to the operation of
for rated speeds v < 0.63 m/s, safety 'gear or clamping device or pawl device.
C = 15 when using captive roller safety gear [H] 10.2.2.1 Buckling stress due to operation of safety
for rated speeds v < 1.0 m/s, gear or clamping device:
C = 10 when using progressive safety gear The buckling stress Ojfc in the guides during safety gear operation or
for rated speeds v > 1.0 m/s, clamping device may be evaluated according to the formula:

Ok = C(Li+Q)cof 100 x A (Nimm2)

107
106
Where: 10.3 Guide rail brackets, fastening and building supports :
C-25 when using instantaneous safety gear The guide rail brackets, their fastening and supports, such as building
C = 15 when using captive roller safety gear beams and walls, shall be capable of resisting the horizontal forces
C = 10 when using progressive safety gear imposed by loading with a total deflection at the point of support not
exceeding 1.5mm.
[H] 10.2.2.2 Buckling stress due to operation of pawl 10.3.1 Design and strength of brackets and building
device : supports :
The buckling stress Ojcin the guides during operation of the The following limitations shall be taken into consideration when
designing the guide rail brackets and the building construction forming
pawl device may be evaluated according to the formulae:
the supports for the guide rails to ensure stability :
a) maximum admissible compressive stress, bending and tensile
<7K = C(Li+Q)<atl00xA (N/mm2)
stress = 80 N/mm 2
Where: b) maximum admissible stress at welding = 50 N/mm^
C = 15 when pawl device is provided with spring buffers c) maximum admissible deflection = 1.5 mm
C = 10 when pawl devices provided with energy 10.3.2 Fastening of guide rails to rail brackets :
dissipation type buffers Guide rails shall be secured to their fastening by clips or bolts. The size
10.2.3 Counterweight guide rails profile size and brackets of bolts used for fastening the guide rails or rail clips to the brackets
spacing : shall be not less than that specified in table (8)
10.2.3.1 Counterweight guide rails with safety gear:
10.4 Guide rail joints and fish plates :
The counterweight guide rail sections are to be determined with
The joints of guide rails shall conform to the following requirements :
regard to buckling stress.
a) the end of the rails shall be accurately machined with a tong
10.2.3.2 Counterweight guide rails without safety gear,
and matching groove centrally located in the web.
Provided the brackets spacing of counterweight guide rails are equal to
b) the backs of the rail flanges shall be accurately machined, in
the spacing of the car guide rails; the counterweight guide rails may be
relation to the rail guiding surfaces, to a uniform distance front
of the next smaller type of section than that used for the car.
to back of the rails, to form a flat surface for the Finished fish
plates.
c) The ends of each rail shall be bolted to the fish plates with at
least four bolts.

10S 109
d) The width of the fish plates shall not be less than the width of
the back of the rail.
e) The thickness and length of the fish plates arid diameter of the
Table 6 Buckling factor CO as a function of X for steel of 370 N/rom 2 grade
bolts for each size of guide rail shall not be less than that
specified in table 9. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 9
A X
f) The diameter of bolts holes in fish plates and guide rails shall 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.08 20
20 1.04 1.04
not exceed the diameter of bolts by more than 1.5mm. 30 1.08 1.09 1.09 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.13 30
40 1.14 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.19 1.20 40

10.5 Overall length of guide rail run . SO 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 SO
60 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.39 1.40 60
The top and bottom ends of each run of guide rail shall be so located, 1.41 1.45 l.«46 1.48 1.49 1.50 1;52 1:53 70
70 1.42 1.44
in relation to the extreme positions of travel of the car and 80 1.55 1.56 1.58 1.59 1.61 1.62 1.64 1.66 1.68 1.69 80
90 1.71 1.73 1.74 1.76 1.78 1.80 1.82 1.84 1.86 1.88 90
counterweight, that the car and counterweight guiding members cannot
travel beyond the ends of the guide rails. 100 1.90 1.92 1.94 1.96 1.98 2.00 2.02 2.05 2.07 2.09 100
110 2.11 2.14 2.16 2.18 2.21 2.23 2.27 2.31 2,35 2.39 110
120 2.43 2.47 2.51 2.55 2.60 2.64 2.68 2.72 2.77 2.81 120
10.6 Informations on the lift layouts . 130 2.85 2.90 1.94 2.99 3.03 3.08 3.12 3.17 3.22 3.26 130
140 3.31 3.36 3.41- 3.45 3.50 3.55 3.60 3.65 3.70 3.75 140
Lift layout drawings shall in addition to other data, indicate the
following: ISO 3.80 3.85 3.90 3.95 4.00 4.06 4.11 4.16 4.22 4.27 150
160 4.32 4.38 4.43 4.49 4.54 4.60 4.65 4.71 4.77 4.82 160
a) the bracket spacing 4.88 5.05 5.11 5.17 5.23 5.29 5.35 5:41
170 4.94 5.00 170
b) the estimated maximum vertical forces on the guide rails on 180 5.47 5.53 5.59 5.66 5.72 5.78 5.84 5.91 5.97 6.03 180
190 6.10 6.16 6.23 6.29 6.36 6.42 6.49 6.55 6.62 6.69 190
application of the safety gear.
c) the horizontal forces on the guide rail faces during loading 200 6.7 S 6.82 6.89 6.96 7.03 7.10 7.17 7.24 7.31 7.38 200
210 7.45 7.52 7.59 7.66 7.73 7.81 7.88 7.95 8.03 8.10 210
and unloading. 8.17 8.40 8.47 8.55 8.63 8.70 8.86
220 8.25 8.32 8.78 220
d) the size of any rail reinforcement where provided. 230 8.93 9.01 9.09 9.17 9.25 9.33 9.41 9.49 9.57 9.65 230
240 9.73 9.81 9.89 9.97 10.05 10.14 10.22 10.30 10.39 10.47 240

10.7 Table 10 gives some commercial sizes of guide rails for 250 10.55

passengers and goods lifts for different loads & speeds.

For slecl qualities with intermediary strengths, determine the value of cO by linear interpolation.

110 Ill
Table 8 Bolt diameter for fastening
Table 7 Buckling factor W as a function of X for steel of 520 N/mm 2 grade

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Nominal weight of Minimum diameter


X X guide rail(kgAn) of bolis(mn0

1.06 1.06 1.07 1.07 1.08 1.08 1.09 1.09 1.10 1.11 20 4.0 10
20
1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 30 8.5 12
30 1.12
1.24 1.25 1.27 1.27 40 23 16
1.19 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23
40 34 20

1.28 1.30 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.35 1.36 1.37 1.39 1.40 50
50
1.41 1.43 1.44 1.46 1,48 1.49 1.51 1.53 1.54 1.56 60
60
1.58 1.60 1.62 1.64 1.66 1.68 1.70 1.72 1.74 1.77 70
70
1.86 1.88 1.91 1.93 1.95 1.98 2.01 80
80 1.79 1.81 1.83 Table 9 Dimensions of fish plates
2.05 2.10 2.14 2.19 2.24 2.29 2.33 2.38 2.43 2.48 90
90
Min thickness of Min length of Min diameter of fixing
Nominal weight bolts (mm)
2.23 2.58 2.64 2.69 2.74 2.79 2.85 2.90 2.95 3.01 100 fish plates (mm) fish platesfjnm)
100 of railOtgAn)
3.06 3.12 3.18 3.23 3.29 3.35 3.41 3.47 3.53 3.59 110
110 4.0 7 200 10
3.65 3.71 3.77 3.83 3.89 3.96 4.02 4.09 •4.15 4.22 120
120 8.5 9 210 12
4.28 4.35 4.41 4.48 4.55 4.62 4.69 4.75 4.82 4.89 130 300 16
130 23 17
4.96 5.04 5.11 5.18 5.25 5.33 5.40 5.47 5.55 5.62 140 34 23 360 20
140

5.70 5.78 5.85 5.93 6.01 6.09 6.16 6.24 6.32 6.40 150
150
6.48 6.57 6.65 6.73 6.81 6.90 6.98 7.06 7.15 7.23 160
160
7.32 7.41 7.49 7.58 7.67 7.76 7.85 7.94 8.03 8.12 170
170
8.21 8.30 8.39 8.48 8.53 8.67 8.76 8.86 8.95 9.05 180
180
9.14 9.24 9.34 9.44 9.53 9.63 9.73 9.83 9.93 10.03 190
190

10.13 10.23 10.34 10.44 10.54 10.65 10.75 10.85 10.96 11.06 200
200
11.17 U.28 11.38 11.49 11.60 11.71 11.82 11.93 12.04 12.15 210
210
12.26 12.37 12.48 12.60 12.71 12.82 12.04 13.05 13.17 13.28 220
220
13.40 13.52 13.63 13.75 13.87 13.99 14.11 14.23 14.35 14.47 230
230
14.59 14.71 14.83 14.96 15.08 15.20 15.33 15.45 15.58 15.71 240
240

250 15.83

For steel qualities wiih intermediary strengths, determine the value of (*> by linear interpolation.

113
112
Table 10 Selection option of car & counterweight guide rail profile aizes applied in residential
btildlng lifts with respect to rated load ft rated speed ft bracket spacing

\ nled 630 kg 800kg 1000 kg


X- bad
or ■bracket car c/w bracket car c/w bracket Blade height
c/w
without spacing without ■pacing without ■puia| Blade width
rated Xw safety safety safety
#eed N.

s lm/i T7S T50 3m TT5 T50 3m T75 T50 ■2.5m

£ I.60V1 T75 T50 2Jm T75 T50 2.5m TOT T75 2.5m

S2Jm/s TOT T75 2.5m TOT T75 2.5tn TOT TV5 2m

S3m/i TS9 T75 2m T89 . T75 2m T127 TOT 2m


Dimensions in mm.
S4m/s T127 TOT 2m T127 T89 2m T127 TOT 2m *

V Wed 1250 kg 1600 kg ix A


N. load Profile
zlO mm zlO mm xlOOmm*
car c/w bracket car c/w bracket
without spacing without (pacing
rsttd X. safety safety 127/89/15.88 2.63 2,85 28.90
speed ^V 69/62/15.86 1.95 1.03 15,70
75/82/10 1.95 1.5fl 10.61
£lm/s T75 T50 2.5m T75 T50 2.5m 50/50/5 1.54 1.05 4.77
£ 1.6m/s T89 T75 2.5m TOT T75 2.5m 62.5/68.25/9 2.13 i.67 10.90

£2.5m/s TOT T75 2m TOT T75 2m 75/55/9 1.76 1.40 7.96

£ 3m/s T127 T89 2m T127 TOT 2m

£4m/s T127 T89 2m TI27 TOT 2m

ix Radius of gyration corresponding to I k i axis mm


Note T50 : T50/50/5 mm iy Radius of gyration corresponding to the y axis mm
T75 : T75/62/10 mm A Cross sectional area of the guides mm*
TOT : T89/62/16 mm
T127:T127/89/16mm
c/w: counter weight

Fig.7. Guide rail profile for some commercial types


used in practice .

115
114
H E . BUFFERS & FINAL LIMIT SWITCHES 11E.3. Energy dissipation type buffers
11E.3.1 The total possible stroke shall be at least equal to the
11E.1 Car and counterweight buffers gravity stopping distance corresponding to 115% of the rated speed
11E.1.1 Lifts shall be provided with buffers at bottom limit of travel (0.067 v^) The stroke being expressed in meters and v (rated speed) in
for cars and counterweights. meters per sec.
11E.1.2 If buffers travel with the car or counterweight they shall 11E.3.2 When the retardation of the lift at the ends of its travel
strike against a pedestal at least 0.5 m high at end of the travel. is monitored, the speed at which the car (or counterweight) comes
H E . 1.3 Energy accumulation type buffers are used for lifts of rated into contact with the buffers may be used instead of the rated speed,
speeds up to 1 m/s. when calculating the buffer travel. However, the stroke shall not be
I1E.1.4 Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return less than 50% of the stroke calculated according to 11E.3.1, if the
movement are used for lifts of rated speeds up to 1.6 m/s. rated speed does not exceed 4.00 m/s. In any event, the stroke shall not
11E.1.5 Energy dissipation type buffers (hydraulic) may be used be less than 0.42 m .
whatever the rated speed of the lift. 11E.3.3 With the rated load in the car, in the case of free fall, the
average retardation during action of the buffers shall not exceed gn-
11E.2 Stroke of car and counterweight buffers Retardation of more than 2.5*gn shall not be longer than 0.04 s. The
11E.2.1 Energy accumulation type buffers with or without return speed of impact on the buffers to be considered is equal to that for
movement. which the stroke of the buffer is calculated.
11E.2.1.1 The total possible stroke of the buffers shall be at least equal 11E.3.4 For lifts with rated speeds exceeding 1.6m/s, the operation of
to twice the gravity stopping distance corresponding to 115% of the the lift shall depend on the return of the buffers to their normal
rated speed (0.0674 v2*2=0.135v2), the stroke being expressed in extended position after operation. This is checked by an electric safety
meters and v(rated speed) in meters/second . However the stroke shall device in conformity with 14.1.2
not be less than 65 mm. 11E.3.5 Buffers if hydraulic, shall be so constructed that the fluid
11E.2.2 Buffers shall be designed to cover the stroke defined above level may easily be checked .
under a static load of 4 times the sum of the mass of the car and its 11E.3.6 Buffers marking plates ;
rated load (or the mass of counterweight) Every energy dissipation type buffer shall have attached a metal plate
marked by the manufacturer indicating :
a) the max. loads
b) max. striking speed
c) stroke of the buffer
116
117
d) viscosity index number of the oil to be used. which are in series in the circuits supplying the motor
11E.3.7 For quick reference table 11 and fig 8 may be used for and brake. Each of these contactors shall be capable of
evaluating the minimum recommended buffer stroke in relation to. breaking the circuit under load.
rated speed. b) In the case of variable voltage or continuously variable
speed lifts, cause the rapid stopping of the machine.
11E.4 Final limit snitches UE.5.2 After the operation of the final limit switches, the return to
11E.4.1 Final limit switches shall be provided. Final limit switches service of the lift shall only be affected by the intervention of a
shall be set to function as close as possible to the terminal floors, competent person.
without risk of accidental operation. They shall operate before the car
(or counterweight) comes into contact with the buffers. The action of 11E.6 Safety device in case the car or counterweight meets an
the final limit switches shall be maintained whilst the buffers are obstruction when moving downwards
compressed, 11E.6.1 Traction drive lifts shall incorporate a device to cause the lift
11 E.4.2 Control of the final limit switches to stop, and keep it stopped, if the car (or counterweight) is stopped
11E.4.2.1 Separate control devices must be used for normal terminal in downward movement by an obstacle which causes the ropes to slip
stopping and final limit switches. on the traction sheave. This device shall function in a time which does
11E.4.2.2 In the case of traction drive lifts, control of the final not exceed the full travel time plus 10 seconds, with a minimum of 20
limit switches shall be effected; seconds, if the full travel time is less than 10 seconds.
a) either directly by the car at the top and bottom of the well, or 11E.6.2 Traction drive lifts shall incorporate a device to keep the
b) by a device which is indirectly linked to the car, e.g. by a lift stopped, if when a start is initiated, the lift machine does not rotate.
rope, belt or chain. In this case, breakage of or slack in this This device shall function in a time which does not exceed 45 seconds.
linkage shall cause the machine to stop by means of an 11E.6.2.1 This device shall not affect the movement of the car under
electric safety device in conformity with 14.1.2 either inspection, operation, or emergency electrical operation, if any.
11E.5 Method of operation of final limit switches
11E.5.1 The final limit switches shall:
a) For traction drive lifts, open directly when required by
mechanical separation of the circuits feeding the motor or
open by an electric safety device the circuit directly
supplying the coils of the two contactors the contacts of

118 119
Buffer
stroke

Table 11 Minimum permissible buffer stroke 12


Energy dissipation
Raied speed(m/s) Min Min Min
hydraulic buffer siroketmm) monitored hydraulic buffer without redaction
spring buffer stroke (mm) \ 1
s=135 v 2 s=67.4v2 stroke (mm)
:
0.63

1.0
65

135
1.0
-
^*7
1.2 195 0.9

1.6 380 175


0.8
1.75 205

2.0 270 0.7

2.5 420
0.0
3.0 605 420
Energy accumulation witb
4.0 1085 575 0.5 buffered return -^, /
rnovemeEt ^^^«
/
04 ^
Energy dissipation
0.3 Energy reduction 0.5
accumulation

02

0.1 /
/ .

0.0
0.0 i.o 1.6 2.0 3.0 4,0

Fig.8. Graph illustrating the strokes required for buffers .

121
120
11H. CAR BUFFERS AND FINAL LIMIT SWITCHES UH.2.4 The operation of the lift shall depend on the return of the
buffers to their normal extended position after operation. This is
11H.1 CAR BUFFERS checked by an electric safety device in conformity with 14.1.2
11H.1-1 Lifts shall be provided with buffers at bottom limit of travel 1IH.2.5 Buffers if hydraulic, shall be so constructed that the fluid
of the car. level may easily be checked .
1 III.1.2 If buffers travel with the car they shall strike against a
pedestal at least 0.5 m high at end of the travel. 11H.3 Final limit switch
11H.1.3 The buffers shall maintain the car stationary at a distance not HH.3.1 Final limit switches shall be provided for the position of the
exceeding 0.12 m below the level of the lowest landing , when ram corresponding to the upper end of the travel of the car. The Final
carrying the rated load. limit switches shall be set to function as close as possible to the
11H.1.4 When buffers are fully compressed the ram shall not hit the terminal floors, without risk of accidental operation. They shall
base of the cylinder. operate before the ram comes into contact with its cushioned stop. The
11H.1.5 Buffers shall be of the following types: action of the final limit switches shall be maintained while the ram is
a)energy accumulation ; or in the zone of the cushioned stop
b)energy accumulation with buffered return movement: or 11H.3.2 Control of the final limit switches
c) energy dissipation. 11H.3.2.1 Separate control devices must be used for the upper nonnai
terminal stopping device and final limit switches.
11H.2 Stroke of the car buffers IIH.3.2.2 For direct acting , or indirect acting lifts, control of the final
IIH.2,1 Buffers shall be designed to cover the stroke defined in limit switches shall be effected:
table 3 [ H ] a) either directly by the car or the ram ; or
11H.2.2 Buffers shall be designed to cover the stroke defined above b) by a device which is indirectly linked to the car,( e.g. by a
under a static load of 4 times the sum of the mass of the car and its rope). In this case, breakage of or slack in this linkage shall
rated load. cause the machine to stop by means of an electric safety
11H.2.3 With the rated load in the car, in the case of free fall, the device in conformity with 14.1.2
average retardation during action of the buffers shall not exceed gn,
Retardation of more than 2.5 * gn shall not be longer than 0.04 s. The
speed of impact on the buffers to be considered is equal to that for
which the stroke of the buffer is calculated.

122 123
11H.4 Method of operation of final limit switches
11H.4.1 The final limit switches shall be an electric safety device in
conformity with 14.1.2 and shall, when actuated , stop the machine
Table 3[H] Total possible buffer stroke for hydraulic lifts
and keep it stopped. The final limit switch shall close automatically
Rated speed Energy accumulation type Energy accumulation type buf­ Energy dissipation type buf­
when the car leaves the actuation zone. downwards buffers fers with fers
return movement
11 H.4.2 After the operation of the final limit switches, the return to vdm/s mm mm mm

service of the lift shall only be affected by the intervention of a 0.4 65 65 65

competent person. 0.5 65 65 65


11H.4.3 If the risk of slack rope exists , an electric safety device shall
0.6 65 (80) 65 (80) 65
be provided .This device shall cause the machine to stop and keep it
0.8 85(125) 85(125) 65
stopped when slackening in the ropes occur.
1.0 135(175) 135 (175) 70(85)

( ) For Hydraulic lifts provided with a rcslriclor

124 125
12E. LIFT MACHINE 12E.4.2 Electromechanical brake
12E.4.2.1 This brake on its own shall be capable of stopping the
12E.1 Drive of the car and counterweight. machine when the car is travelling at its rated speed and with the rated
12E.I.1 In this code the methods of electrical drive are all by traction load plus 25%. In these conditions the retardation of the car shall not
exceed that resulting from operation of the safety gear or stopping on
(use of sheaves and ropes).
the buffer. All the mechanical components of the brake which take
12E.2 Types or driving machines.
All driving machines shall be of the traction type. part in the application of the braking action on the drum or disc shall
12E.2.1 Use may be made of belts for coupling the motor or motors to be installed in two sets and be of dimensions such that if one of the
components were not working on the brake drum or disc a sufficient
the components on which the electromechanical brake (12.4.1.2)
braking effort to slow down the car when containing the rated load
operates. A minimum of two belts shall be used.
12E.3 Use of overhung pulleys would continue to be exercised.
In the case of the use of overhung traction sheaves , 12E.4.2.2 The component on which the brake operates shall be
effective precautions shall be taken to avoid the following: coupled to the traction sheave.
a) the ropes leaving their grooves . 12E.4.2.3 To hold off the brake, in the normal operation, shall require
b) objects lodging between the grooves and the ropes in the a continuous flow of current.
case where the machine is not above the well. 12E.4.2.3.1 The interruption of this current shall be effected by at least
These precautions shall not prevent examination and servicing of traction two independent electrical devices. If, when the lift is stationary, one
of the contactors has not opened the main contacts, further movements
12E.4 Braking system. shall be prevented, at the latest at the next change in the direction of
12E.4.1 General provision motion.
12E.4.2.3.2 When the motor of the lift is likely to function as a
12E.4.1.1 The lift shall be provided with a braking system which
generator, it shall not be possible for the electric device operating the
operates automatically:
a) in the event of loss of the mains power supply. brake to be fed by the driving motor.
b) in the event of loss of the supply to control circuits. 12E.4.2.3.3 Braking shall become effective without supplementary
I2E.4.1.2 The braking system shall have an electromechanical brake delay after opening of the brake release circuit.
(friction type), but may, in addition, have other braking means (e.g
electric).

127
126
12E.4.2.4 Any machine fitted with a manual emergency operating
equipment. It is good practice that in the above conditions the speed is
device (12E.5.1) shall be capable of having the brake released by hand
not lower than 8% of its value below the rated speed .
and require a constant effort to keep the brake open.
12E.4.2.5 The brake shoe pressure shall be exerted by guided
12E.7 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped condition.
compression springs or weights.
The stopping of the machine by means of an electric safety device,
12E.4.2.6 Braking shall be effected by application on the brake drum
in conformity with 14.1.2, shall be controlled as detailed below.
or disc by at least two shoes, pads, or calipers.
12E.7.1 Motors supplied directly from a.c or a\c mains.
12E.4.2.7 Band brakes are forbidden.
The supply shall be interrupted by two independent contactors, the
12E.4.2.8 Brake linings shall be incombustible.
contacts of which shall be in series in the supply circuit. If.whilst the
lift is stationary, one of the contactors has not opened the main
12E.5 Emergency operation.
contacts, further movement of the car shall be prevented at the latest at
12E.5.1 If the manual effort required to move the car in the upward
the next change in the direction of motion.
direction with its rated load does not exceed 400 N, the machine shall
12E.7.2 Drive using a Ward -Leonard system.
be provided with a manual means of emergency operation allowing
12E.7.2.1 Excitation of the generator supplied by classical elements.
the car to be moved to a landing with the aid of smooth wheel.
Two independent contactors shall interrupt, either
_ 12E.5.1.1 If the wheel is removable, it shall be located in an
a) the motor generator loop, or
easily accessible place in the machine room. It shall be suitably
b) the excitation of the generator, or
marked if there is any risk of confusion as to the machine for which it
c) one the loop and the other the excitation of the generator.
is intended.
If, whilst the lift is stationary, one of the contactors has not opened
12E.5.2 If the effort needed is greater than 400N, a means of
the main contacts, further movement of the car shall be prevented, at
emergency electrical operation from the machine room shall be
the latest at the next change in direction of motion.
provided in accordance to 14.2.1.3.
In cases (b) and (c) effective precautions shall be taken to prevent
the rotation of the motor in the case of a residual field, if any, in
12E.6 Speed
the generator (e.g. suicide circuit).
The speed of the lift car, half loaded in downwards motion, in mid
12E.7,2.2 Excitation of the generator supplied and controlled by
travel, excluding all acceleration and deceleration periods, shall not
static elements. One of the following methods shall be used :
exceed the rated speed by more than 5%, when the supply is at its
rated frequency, and the motor is equal to the rated voltage of the

128
129
a) the same methods as specified in 12E.7.2.1. b) a system consisting of:
b) a system consisting of: 1) a contactor interrupting the current at all poles. The coil of
1) a contactor, interrupting the excitation of the generator or the contactor shall tje released at least before each change
the motor generator loop. The coil of the contactor shall be in direction. If the contactor does nqt release, any further
released at least before each change in direction of motion. movement of the lift shall be prevented.
If the contactor does not release, any further movement of 2) a control device blocking the flow of energy in the static
the lift shall be prevented; elements.
2) a control device blocking the flow of energy in the static 3) a monitoring device to verify the blocking ofthe flow of
elements; energy each time the lift is stationary.
3) a monitoring device to verify the blocking of the flow of If, during a normal stopping period, the blocking by the
energy each time the lift is stationary. static elements is not effective, the monitoring device shall
If, during a normal stopping period, the blocking by the cause the contactor to release and any further movement of
static elements is not effective, the monitoring device shall the lift shall be prevented.
cause the contactor to release and any further movement of
the lift shall be prevented. 12E.8 Checking the slowdown of the machine when reduced
Effective precautions shall be taken to prevent the rotation stroke buffers are used in accordance with 11E.3.2.
of the motor in the case of a residual field, if any, in the 12E.8.1 Devices shall check that the slowdown is effective before
generator (e.g suicide circuit). arrival at terminal landings.
12E.7.3 A.C. or D.C. motor supplied and controlled by static 12E.8.2 If the slowdown is not effective these devices shall cause the
elements. car speed to be reduced in such a way that, if the car comes into
One of the following methods shall be used : contact with the buffers, the" striking speed shall not exceed that for
a) two independent contactors interrupting the current to the which the buffers were designed.
motor. 12E.8.3 If the device checking the slowdown is not independent of
If, while the lift is stationary, one of the contactors has not the direction of travel, a device shall check that the movement of the
opened the main contacts, any further movement shall be car is in the intended direction.
prevented, at the latest at the next change in direction of 12E.8.4 If these devices, or some of them, are placed in the machine
motion. room:

130 i31
a) they will be operated by a device directly coupled to the car;
b) the information relating to the car position shall not depend 12H. MACHINE, JACK AND OTHER HYDRAULIC
on devices driven by traction, friction or by motors - EQUIPMENT
synchronized with the machine motion.
c) If a connection by tape, chain or rope is used to transmit the 12H.1 General provisions.
position of the car to machine room, breakage of or slack in 12H.1.1 Each lift shall have at least one machine of its own.
such a connection device shall cause the machine to stop The two following methods of drive are permissible:
through the action of an electric safety device in conformity a) direct acting;
w}th 14.1.2 b) indirect acting.
12E.8.5 The control and functioning of these devices shall be so 12H.1.2 If several jacks are used to raise the car they shall be
designed that together with the normal speed regulation system there hydraulically connected to ensure pressure equilibrium.
results a slowdown control system complying with the requirements of 12H.2 The cylinder and the ram shall be designed such that under the
14.1.2. forces resulting from a pressure equal to 2,3 times the full load pressure
a safety factor of at least 1,7 referred to the proof stress Rp is assured.
12E.9 Protection of machinery. 12H.2.1 Buckling calculation.
Effective protection shall be provided for accessible rotating parts Jacks under compressive loads shall fulfill the following requirements:
which may be dangerous, in particular : 1211.2.1.1 They shall be designed such that, in their fully extended
a) keys and screws in the shafts; position, and under the forces resulting from a pressure equal to 1.4
b) tapes, chains, belts; times full load pressure a safety factor of at least two against buckling is
c) gears, sprockets; assured.
d) projecting motor shafts; 1211.2.2 Connection car/ram
e) fly-ball type overspeed governors. 12H.2.2.1 In case of a direct acting lift the connection between the car
Exception is made for traction sheaves, handwinding wheels, brake and the ram shall be flexible.
drums and any similar smooth, round pans. Such items shall be 12H.2.2.2 The connection between the car and the ram shall be so
painted yellow, at least in part. constructed to support the weight of the ram and the additional dynamic
forces. The connection means shall be secured.

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132
In the case of 12H.2.3.2b), this stop shall be positioned such that the
12H.2.2.3 In case of a ram made with more than one section, the requirements of [ H ] 5.5.1.1. are also satisfied.
connections between the sections shall be so constructed to support the 12H.2.4 Means of protection
weight of the suspended ram sections and the additional dynamic forces. 12H.2.4.1 If a jack extends into the ground it shall be installed in a
12H.2.2.4 In the case of indirect acting lifts, the head of the ram shall protective tube. If it extends into other spaces it shall be suitably
be guided. protected.
12H.2.3 Limitation of the ram stroke 12H.2.4.2 Leak and scrape fluid from the cylinder head shall be
12H.2.3.1 Means shall be provided to stop the ram with buffered collected.
effect in such a position that requirements of [ H ] 5.5.1.1 may be 12H.2.4.3 The jack shall be provided with an air venting device.
satisfied. 12H.2.5 Telescopic jacks
12H.2.3.2 This limitation of stroke shall either: the following requirements apply additionally.
a) be by means of a cushioned stop; or 12H.2.5.1 Stops shall be provided between successive sections to
b) be effected by shutting off the hydraulic valve by a mechanical prevent the rams from leaving their respective cylinders.
linkage between the jack and a hydraulic valve; breakage or 12H.2.5.2 In the case of a jack below the car of a direct acting lift, the
stretch of such a linkage shall not result in the deceleration of clear distance between the successive guiding yokes and between the
the car exceeding the value specified in 12H.2.3.3.2 highest guiding yoke and the lowest parts of the car shall be at least 0,3
12H.2.3.3 Cushioned stop m when the car rests on its fully compressed buffers
12H.2.3.3.1 This stop shall either: 12H.2.5.3 The length of the bearing of each section of a telescopic
a) be an integral part of the jack; or jack without external guidance shall be at least 2 times the diameter of
b) consist of one or more devices external to the jack situated the respective ram.
outside the car projection, the resultant force of which is 12H.2.5.4 These jacks shall be provided with mechanical or hydraulic
exerted on the center line of the jack. synchronizing means.
12H.2.3.3.2 The design of the cushioned stop shall be such that the 12H.2.5.5 When jacks with hydraulic synchronizing means are used
average deceleration of the car does not exceedl .0 g and that in the case an electric device shall be provided to prevent a start for a normal
of an indirect acting lift the deceleration does not result in slack rope. journey when the pressure exceeds the full load pressure by more than
12H.2.3.4 In cases 12H.2.3.2b and 12H.2.3.3.1b ; a stop shall be 20%.
provided inside the jack to prevent the ram from leaving the cylinder.

134 135
12H.3 Piping
1.3 shall be taken into account for the calculation of the pipes and
12H.3.1 General
fittings between the rupture valve and the non-return valve or the down
12H.3.1.1 Piping and fittings which are subject to pressure
direction valve(s).
(connections, valves ...,etc.) as in general all components of a hydraulic
Pipes and fittings, if any, between the cylinder and the rupture valve
system of the lift shall:
shall be calculated on the same pressure basis as the cylinder.
a) be appropriate to the hydraulic fluid used;
12H.3.3 Flexible hoses
b) be designed and installed in such a way to
12H.3.3.1 The flexible hose between cylinder and return valve or
avoid any abnormal stress due to fixing,
down direction valve shall be selected with a safety factor of at least 8
torsion or vibration;
relating full load pressure and bursting pressure.
c) be protected against damage, in particular of
12H.3.3.2 The flexible hose and its couplings between cylinder and
mechanical origin.
non return valve or down direction valve shall withstand without
12H.3.1.2 Pipes and fittings shall be appropriately fixed and
damage a pressure of five times full load pressure.
accessible for inspection.
If pipes (either rigid or flexible) pass through walls or floor they shall be
12H.4 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped
protected by means of ferrules, the dimensions of which allow the
condition.
dismantling, if necessary, of the pipes for inspection.
A stop of the machine due to the operation of an electrical safety device,
No coupling shall be sited inside a ferrule.
in conformity with 14.1.2, shall be controlled as detailed below:
12H.3.2 Rigid pipes
12H.4.1 For upwards motion
12H.3.2.1 Rigid pipes and fittings between cylinders and non return
either
valve or down direction valve(s) shall be designed such that under the
a) the supply to the electric motor shall be interrupted by at least
forces resulting from a pressure equal to 2,3 times the full load
two independent contactors, the main contacts of which shall
pressure, a safety factor of at least 1,7 referred to the proof stress Rp is
be in series in the motor supply circuit;
assured.
or,
12H.3.2.2 When telescopic jacks with more than 2 stages and
b) the supply to the electric motor shall be interrupted by one
hydraulic synchronizing means are used an additional safety factor of
contactor, and the supply to the by-pass valves (in accordance
with 12H.5.4.2) shall be interrupted by at least two independent

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137
spring and/or by gravity.
electrical devices connected in series in the supply circuit of these
12H.5.3 Pressure relief valve
valves.
12H.5.3.1 A pressure relief valve shall be provided. It shall be
connected to the circuit between the pump(s) and the non return valve .
12H.4.2 For downward motion
The hydraulic fluid shall be returned to the tank.
the supply to the down direction valve(s) shall be interrupted either:
12H.5.3.2 The pressure relief valve shall be adjusted to limit the
directly by electrical safety device or by two independent electrical
pressure to 140 % of the full load pressure.
devices connected in series;
12H.5.4 Direction valves
12H.4.3 If whilst the lift is stationary, one of the contactors has not
12H.5.4.1 Down direction valves. Down direction valves shall be
opened the main contacts or one of the electrical devices has not opened,
held open electrically. Their closing shall be effected by the hydraulic
a further start shall be prevented, at the latest at the next change in the
pressure from the jack and by at least one guided compression spring
direction of motion.
per valve.
12H..5.4.2 Up direction valves. If the stopping of the machine is
12H.5 Hydraulic control and safety devices
effected in accordance with 12H.4.1b, only by-pass valves shall be
1 2 H . 5 . 1 Shut off valve
used for this. They shall be closed electrically .Their opening shall be
12.5.1.1 A shut off valve shall be provided. It shall be installed in the
effected by the hydraulic pressure from the jack and by at least one
circuit which connects the cylinder(s) to the non return valve and the
guided compression spring per valve.
down direction valve(s).
12H.5.5 Rupture valve
12H.5.1.2 It shall be located in the machine room.
When required by 9H.5 a rupture valve shall be provided which
12H.5.2 Non return valve
satisfies the following conditions :
12H.5.2.1 A non return valve shall be provided. It shall be installed
12H.5.5.1 The rupture valve shall be capable of stopping the car in
in the circuit between the pump(s) and the shut off valve.
downward movement, and maintaining it stationary, at the latest when
12H.5.2.2 The non return valve shall be capable of holding the lift car
the speed reaches a value equal to rated speed downwards (vd) plus
with the rated load at any point when the supply pressure drops below
0,3 m/s. The average deceleration shall not exceed g n .
the minimum operating pressure.
12H.5.S.2 The rupture valve shall be accessible for adjustment and
12H.5.2.3 The closing of the non return valve shall be effected by the
inspection.
hydraulic pressure from the jack and by at least one guided compression

138 139
12H.5.5.3 The rupture valve shall be either: 12H.6 Checking the pressure
- integral with the cylinder, 12H.6.1 A pressure gauge shall be provided. It shall be connected to
- or directly connected to the cylinder by threading. the circuit between the non-return valve or the down direction valve(s)
12H.5.5.4 On lifts with several jacks, operating in parallel, one and the shut-off valve.
common rupture valve may be used.Otherwise the rupture valves shall 12H.6.2 A gauge shut-off valve shall be provided. It shall be
be interconnected to cause simultaneous closing, in order to avoid the connected to the main circuit and the connection for the pressure gauge.
floor of the car from inclining by more than 5 % from its normal
position. , 12H.7 Fluid level in the tank
12H.5.6 Restrictor (or one way restrictor): It shall be easy to check the level of the hydraulic fluid in the tank.
When required by 9H.5, a restrictor (or one way restrictor) shall be
provided which satisfies the following conditions : 12H.8 Speed
12H.5.6.1 In the case of a major leakage in the hydraulic system the
restrictor shall prevent the speed of the car with rated load in downward 12H.8.1 The speed v s shall not be greater than 1,0 m/s.
movement exceeding the rated speed downwards (v^) by more than 0,3
12H.8.2 The speed of the empty car upwards shall not exceed the
m/s. rated upward speed (v m ) by more than 8 %, and the speed of the car
12H.S.6.2 The restrictor shall be accessible for inspection. with the rated load downwards shall not exceed the rated downward
12H.5.6.3 The restrictor shall be either: integral with the cylinder, or speed (vjj) by more than 8%, in each case this relates to the normal
connected directly to the cylinder by threading. operating temperature of the hydraulic fluid . For a journey in the
12H.5.7 Filters upward direction it is supposed that the supply is at its rated frequency
In the circuit between the tank and the pump(s), and in the circuit and that the motor voltage is equal to the rated voltage of the equipment
between the shut-off valve and the down direction valve(s), filters shall
be installed, the filter between the shut-off valve and the down direction 12H.9 Manual emergency operation
valves shall be accessible for inspection and maintenance.
12H.9.I Moving the car downwards
12H.9.1.1 The lift shall be provided with a manually operated valve
located in the machine room allowing the car, even in the case of a
power failure, to be lowered to a level where the passengers can leave

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141
the car.
12H.9.1.2 The speed of the car shall not exceed 0,3 m/s. 12H.ll Protection of machinery
12H.9.1.3 The operating of this valve shall require a continual manual Effective protection shall be provided for accessible rotating parts which
force - maybe dangerous, in particular:
12H.9.1.4 This valve shall be protected against involuntary action . a) Keys and screws in the shafts;
12H.9.1.5 In the case of indirect acting lifts where slack rope or slack b) tapes, chains, belts;
chain can occur , manual operation shall not cause an opening of this c) projecting motor shafts;
valve when the pressure is below the minimum operating pressure. d) fly-ball type overspeed governors.
12H.9.2 Moving the car upwards
12H.9.2.1 A hand-pump which causes the car to move in the upwards 12H.12 Motor run time limiter
direction shall be permanently installed for every lift whose car is fitted 12H.12.1 A motor run time limiter shall be provided. This device
with a safety gear or a clamping device , shall stop the motor and keep it stopped when it remains energized
12H.9.2.2 The hand-pump shall be connected to the circuit between longer than the time required for the full travel upwards with rated load,
the non return valve or down direction valve(s) and the shut off valve. plus a maximum of 60 s .
12H.9.2.3 The hand-pump shall be equipped with a pressure relief 12H.12.2 The return to normal service shall only be possible by
valve limiting the pressure to 2,3 times the full load pressure . manual resetting.
12H.9.3 Checking of the car position 12H.12.3 The motor run time limiter shall not affect the inspection
If the lift serves more than two levels, it shall be possible to check from operation.
the machine room whether the car is in an unlocking zone by a means
which is independent of the power supply. 12H.13 Protection against overheating of the hydraulic
*
fluid.
12H. 10 Protection of the pulley(s) on the jack A temperature detecting device shall be provided. This device shall stop
Devices shall be provided in accordance with 9H.4.1 and 9H.4.2 . the machine and keep it stopped as long as the temperature of the
hydraulic fluid exceeds a pre-set value.

142 143
13.ELECTRIC INSTALLATIONS AND APPLIANCES 13.2 Contactors and relay contactors.
13.2.1 The main contactors shall belong to categories specified in
13.1 General provisions. • national standards pr the following categories defined in CENELEC
13.1.1 The requirements of this standard relating to the installation HD419:
and to the constituent components of the elecirical equipment shall be a) AC-3 for contactors for a.c.motors.
based on ss&d&tfc ofirnsrnarionafUnd: (TEC &. tESELEQ b) DC-2 for contactors for d.c.power.
These contactors shall in addition allow 10% of starting operations to
13.L2 In the machine and pulley rooms, protection against be made as inching.
direct contact is necessary, by using casings providing satisfactory 13.2.2 Relay contactors used to operate the main contactors shall
protection according to standards. belong to categories specified in national standards or to the following
13.1.3 The insulation resistance between conductors and between categories as defined in CENELEC HD 420:
conductors and earth shall be greater than 1000 ohm/volt with a a) AC-11 for controlling a.c. electromagnets.
minimum of: b) DC-11 for controlling d.c. electromagnets.
a) 500,000 ohm for power circuits and electric safety device 13.2.3 Both for the main contactors and relay contactors it may be
circuits. assumed that:
b) 250,000 ohm for other circuits (control,lighting, signalling a) if one of the break contacts (normally closed ) is closed.all
...,etc) the make contacts are open.
13.1.4 The mean value in direct current or the r.m.s. value in b) if one of the make contacts (normally open) is closed,all
alternating current of the voltage between conductors and earth shall the break contacts are open.
not exceed 250 V for control and safety circuits.
13.1.5 The neutral conductor and the earth continuity conductor shall 13.3 Components of safety circuits.
always be separate. 13.3.1 When relays are used in safety circuits,the assumption of
13.2.3 shall also apply.

13.4 Main switches.


13.4.1 Machine rooms shall contain, for each lift, a main switch
capable of breaking the supply to the lift on all the live conductors.
This switch shall be capable of interrupting the highest current

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144
involved in normal conditions of use of the lift The switch shall not may be closed automatically after sufficient cooling down has taken
cut the circuits feeding : place.
a) car lighting or ventilation; 13.5.4 When the lift motors are supplied from D.C generators driven
b) socket oudet on the car roof; by motors, the lifting motors shall also be protected against overloads.
c) lighting of machine and pulley rooms; 13.5.5 Motors shall be protected against the following, by a suitable
d) socket outlet in the machine room; device:
e) lighting of the lift well; a) voltage drop.
0 alarm device. b) over-voltage.
13.4.2 The main switches shall have stable open and closed positions. c) phase failure.
The control mechanism for the main switch shall be easily and rapidly d) phase reversal.
accessible from the entrance to the machine room.
13.6 Electric Wiring
If the machine room is common to several lifts the control
13.6.1 In the machine and pulley rooms and lift wells, the conductors
mechanism of the main switches shall allow the lift concerned to be
and rigid cables shall be selected from national standards or of
identified easily.
quality equivalent to that defined by HD 21S2 and HD 22S2 of
13.4.3 In the case of a group of lifts, if, after the opening of the
CENELEC.
main switch for one hft, parts of the operating circuits remain live,
13.6.2 Conductors, rigid cables and ordinary flexible cables in
these circuits shall be capable of being separately isolated in the
machine and pulley rooms and lift wells, shall be installed in conduits
machine room, if necessary by breaking the supply to all the lifts in
or trunking or ducting made of metal (if installed on floors ) or may
the group.
be made of plastics (if fixed to the walls).
13.5 Protection of Motors. 13.6.3 Travelling cables connected to the car shall be according to
13.5.1 Motors direcdy connected to the mains shall be protected national standards or of quality equivalent to those in conformity with
against short circuiting. HD 359/360 of CENELEC.
13.5.2 Motors directly connected to the mains shall be protected 13.6.4 The requirements of 13.6.1,and 13.6.2 need not apply:
against overloads by means of manual reset automatic circuit breakers a) to conductors or cables not connected to electric safety devices
which shall cut off the supply to the motor in all live conductors. on landing doors, provided that:
13.5.3 When the detection of overloads operates on the basis of 1) they are not subject to a rated output of more than 100 VA;
temperature increases in the windings of the motor, the circuit-breaker 2) the voltage, between phases or between one phase and earth,
to which they are normally subject does not exceed 50 V;

146 147
b) to the wiring of operating or distribution devices in cabinets or
on panels:
1) either between different pieces of electric equipment, or 13.7 Lighting and Socket Outlets.
13.7.1 The electric lighting supplies and socket outlets to the car, the
2) between these pieces of equipment and the connection
well and the machine and pulley rooms, shall be independent of the
terminals.
13.6.5 Cross-sectional area of conductors : supply to the machine, either through another circuit or through

The cross-sectional area of the conductors of electric safety circuits connection to the machine supply circuit on the supply side of the
of doors shall not be less than 0.75 mm^. main switch.
13.6.6 Methods of Installation : 13.7.2 The supply to socket outlets required on the car roof, iri the
13.6.6.1 Connections, connection terminals and connectors shall be machine and pulley rooms and in the pit shall be of a type in
located in cabinets, boxes or on panels provided for this purpose , conformity with national standards.
13.6.6.2 If, after the opening of the main switch or switches of a lift, 13.7.3 Control of lighting circuits and supply circuits for socket
some connection terminals remain live, they shall be clearly separated outlets.
from terminals which are not live, and if the voltage exceeds 50 V, 13.7.3.1 A switch shall control the supply to the circuit of the car (if
they shall be suitably marked. the machine room contains several lift machines it is necessary to
13.6.6.3 Connection terminals whose accidental interconnection could have one switch per car). This switch shall be located close to the
lead to a dangerous malfunction of the lift shall be clearly separated. corresponding main power switch.
13.6.6.4 In order to ensure the continuity of mechanical protection, 13.7.3.2 A switch shall control the supply to the circuit of
the protective sheathing of conductors and cables shall fully enter the the machine room, well and pit. This switch shall be located inside
casings of switches and appliances. and close to the access to the machine room.
13.6.6.5 If the same ducting or cable contains conductors whose 13.7.3.3 Each circuit Controlled by the switches mentioned above
circuits have different voltages, all the conductors or cables shall have shall have its own protection.
the insulation specified for the highest voltage.
13.6.6.6 Connectors and devices of the plug-in type placed in safety
circuits shall be so designed and arranged that, if their assembly or
dismantling does not require the use of a tool, it is impossible to
reverse the connections.

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149
14. PROTECTION AGAINST ELECTRIC FAULTS ; The return to service shall not be possible except by a competent
C O N T R O L S ; PRIORITIES person.
14.1.2 Electric safety devices
14.1 Protection against electric faults 14.1.2.1 General provisions
14.1.1 General provisions. 14.1.2.1.1 During operation of one of the electric safety devices listed
Any one of the faults occurring in 14.1.1.1 in the electric equipment of in Table 12 , movement of the machine shall be prevented or it shall
the lift shall not, on its own, be the cause of a dangerous malfunction be caused to stop immediately. The electric safety devices shall
of the lift. consist of:
14.1.1.1 Types of Faults (a) either one or more safety contacts satisfying 14.1.2.2
(a) absence of voltage; directly cutting the supply to the contactors or their relay
(b) voltage drop, and over voltage; contactors;
(c) loss of continuity of a conductor; (b) or safety circuits consisting of one or more safety contacts
(d) insulation fault in relation to the metalwork or the earth; not directly cutting the supply to the contactors or their
(e) short circuit or open circuit in an electrical component such relay contactors
as resistor, capacitor, transistor, lamp; 14.1.2.1.2 Apart from exceptions permitted in this standard, no
(f) non-attraction or incomplete attraction of the moving electric equipment shall be connected in parallel with an electric
armature of a contactor or relay safety device.
(g) non-separation of the moving armature of a contactor or 14.1.2.1.3 The effects of internal or external induction or capacity
relay; shall not cause failure of electric safety devices.
(h) non-opening of contact; 14.1.2.1.4 An output signal emanating from an electric safety device
(i) non-closing of a contact; shall not be altered by an extraneous signal emanating from another
(j) phase reversal; electric device placed further down the same circuit, which would
14.1.1.2 The non-opening of a contact need not be considered in the cause a dangerous condition to result.
case of safety contacts conforming to the requirements of 14.1.2.2. 14.1.2.1.5 In safety circuits comprising two or more parallel channels,
14.1.1.3 The earthing to the metalwork or the earth of a circuit in all information signals shall be taken from one channel only.
which there is an electric safety device shall: 14.1.2.1.6 Circuits which record or delay signals shall not prevent or
(a) either cause the immediate stopping of the machine,or delay the stopping of the machine through the functioning of an
(b) prevent restarting of the machine after (he first normal electric safety device.
stop.

150 151
14.1.2.1.7 The construction and arrangement of the internal power (a) If one fault combined with a second fault can lead to a
supply units shall be such as to prevent the appearance of false signals dangerous situation, the lift shall be stopped at the latest at
at outputs of electric safety devices due to the effects of switching. the next operating sequence in which the first faulty element
In particular, voltage peaks arising from normal operation of the lift should participate. All further operation of the lift shall be
or other equipment on the network shall not create inadmissible impossible as long as this fault persists.

disturbances in electronic components (noise immunity). (b) If a dangerous situation can only occur through the
combination of several faults, the stopping and maintaining
14.1.2.2 Safety contacts
in a stopped position of the lift shall be brought about at the
14.1.2.2.1 The operation of a safety contact shall be by positive
latest before the possible appearance of the fault which, in
separation of the circuit breaking devices. This separation shall occur
conjunction with the already existing faults, would lead to
even if the contacts have welded together.
the dangerous situation.
Positive opening is achieved when all the con tact-breaking elements
(c) On restoration of the power supply after it has been
are brought to their open position.
disconnected, maintenance of the lift in the stopped position
14.1.2.2.2 The safety contacts shall be provided for a rated
is not necessary, provided that during the next sequence
insulation voltage of 250V if the enclosure provides a suitable degree
stopping is reimposed , in the cases covered by (a) and (b).
of protection according to national standards. The safety contacts shall
14.1,2.4 Operation of electric safety devices.
belong to categories specified in national standards or the following
categories as defined in CENELEC HD 420 When operating to ensure safety, an electric device shall prevent the
setting in motion of the machine or initiate immediately its stopping.
(a) AC 11 for safety contacts in AC circuits
The electric supply to the brake (or to the direction valves ) shall
(b) DC 11 for safety contacts in DC circuits
likewise be broken. The electric safety devices shall act directly on the
The live parts of safety contacts shall be accommodated in a
equipment controlling the supply to the machine.
protective enclosure
If, because of the power to be transmitted, relay contactors are used
14.1.2.2.3 In the case of multiple breaks the distance after
to control the machine, these shall be considered as equipment
separation between the contacts shall be at least 2 mm
directly controlling the supply to the machine for starting and
14.1.2.2.4 Abrasion of conductive material shall not lead to
stopping.
short circuiting of contacts
14.1.2.3 Safety circuits shall comply with the requirements of 14.1.1
relative to the appearance of a fault.
Furthermore:

1S3
152
connecting link shall cause the machine to stop through the
14.1.2.5 Control of electric safety devices. action of a electric safety device.
The components controlling the electric safety devices shall be built (4) During levelling operations, the means for making the
so that they are able to function properly under the mechanical electric safety devices of doors inoperative shall only
stresses resulting from continuous normal operation. function after the stopping signal for a landing has been
If the devices for controlling electric safety devices are through the given
nature of their installation accessible to person they must be so built (b) The speed of levelling does not exceed 0.6m/s.On lifts with
that these electric safety devices cannot be rendered inoperative by manually controlled landing doors, there shall be a check
simple means. A magnet or a bridge piece is not considered a simple that:
means. (1) for machines whose maximum speed of rotation is
determined by the fixed frequency of the supply, that the
14.2 Controls control circuit for the low speed movement only has been
14.2.1 Control of lift operations. energized.
Control shall be effected electrically. (2) for other machines, the speed at the moment the unlocking
14.2.1.1 Levelling, re-levelling and electrical anti-creeping with zone is reached does not exceed 0.6m/s
doors open, (c)The speed of re-levelling does not exceed 0.3m/s
Movement of the car with landing and car doors open is permitted for 14.2.1.2 Inspection operation.
levelling and re-levelling on condition that: To facilitate inspection and servicing, a readily accessible control
(a) The movement is limited to the unlocking zone station shall be provided on the car roof. This device shall be brought
(1) All movement of the car outside the unlocking zone shall into operation by a switch (inspection operation switch) which shall
be prevented by at least one switching device mounted in satisfy requirements for electric safety devices.
the bridge or shunt of the door and lock safety devices. This switch, which shall be bi-stable, shall be protected against
(2) This switching device shall either: involuntary operation.
be a safety.contact satisfying the requirement of 14.1.2.2 The following conditions shall be satisfied simultaneously:
or requirements for safety circuit (a) Engagement of the inspection operation shall neutralize:
(3) If the operation of the switches is dependent upon a device (1) The normal controls, including the operation of any
which is indirectly mechanically linked to the car, e.g. by automatic doors;
rope, belt or chain, the breaking of or slack in the

155
154
14.2.1.3.2 After operation of the emergency electrical operation
(2) Emergency electrical operation switch, all movement of the car except that controlled by this switch
The return to normal service of the lift shall only be effected
shall be prevented
by another operation of the inspection switch.
14.2.1.3.3 The emergency electrical operation switch may render
The switching devices used for this neutralization shall be
inoperative by itself or through another electric safety device, the
safety contacts integral with the inspection switch
electric safety device for the speed governor.
mechanism
14.2.1.3.4 The emergency electrical operation switch may render
(b) The movement of the car shall be dependent on a constant
inoperative by itself or through another electric safety device the
pressure on a push button protected against accidental
operation and with the direction of movement clearly following electric devices:
indicated. (a) those mounted on the safety gear
(c) The control device shall also incorporate a stopping device (b) those mounted on the buffers
(d) The car speed shall not exceed 0.63m/s (c) final limit switches
(e) The limits of normal car travel shall not be overrun 14.2.1.3.5 The emergency electrical operation switch and its push­
(f) The operation of the lift shall remain dependent on the buttons shall be so placed that the machine can readily be observed
safety devices. when using them .
The control device may also incorporate special switches protected 14.2.1.3.6 The car speed shall not exceed 0.63m/s .
against accidental operation for controlling the mechanism of doors [II |14.2.1.4 Electrical anti-creep system.
from the car roof. When required by 9H.5 , an electrical anti-creep system shall be
14.2.1.3 Emergency electrical operation. provided , which satisfies the following conditions.
For machines where the manual effort to raise the car with its rated [H]14.2.1.4.1 The machine shall be energized in the up direction
load exceeds 400 N , an emergency electrical operation switch shall be independent of the position of the doors , when the car is in a zone
installed in the machine room. The machine shall be supplied from the which extends from maximum 0.12 m below the landing level to the
normal mains supply or from the standby supply if there is one.
lower end of the unlocking zone.
14.2.1.3.1 Operation of the emergency electrical operation switch [HJ14.2.I.4.2 When the lift has been unused for a period not
shall permit, from the machine room, the control of car movement by exceeding 15 min after the last journey, the car shall be dispatched
constant pressure on buttons protected against accidental operation.
automatically to the lowest landing.
The direction of movement shall be clearly indicated.

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156
14.2.2 Stopping devices. 14.2.33 This device shall take the form of bell, intercom system,
The stopping devices shall consist of electric safety devices. They external telephone or similar device .
shall be bi-stable and such that a return to service cannot result from 14.2.3.4 The organization within the building should be such that it
an involuntary action. can respond effectively without undue delay to these emergency calls.
14.2.2.1 Cars where all entrances are fitted with imperforate doors. 14.2.3.5 An intercom system, or similar device, powered by the
Stopping devices in the car are prohibited. If the doors are power emergency supply* shall be installed between the car and the machine
closed, there shall be a device permitting the closing movement to be room if the lift travel exceeds 45m.
reversed (door opening device ) .
14.2.2.2 Cars where not ail the entrances are fitted with imperforate 14.2.4 Priorities and signals
doors. 14.2.4.1 For lifts with manual doors, a device shall prevent a car
The passengers shall have at their disposal, lm at the most from the leaving a landing for a period of at least 2 seconds after stopping .
entrances in question, a switch to stop the car and keep it stationary. 14.2.4.2 A passenger who enters the car shall have at least 2 seconds
This switch: after the doors have closed to enable him to press the button of his
(a) shall be either of the bi-stable push-button type or the lever choice before any external call buttons can become effective .
type ,with the lever in the down position for stop; 14.2.43 In the case of collective control, an illuminated signal, which
(b) shall be clearly identified is clearly visible from the landing shall indicate to the passengers
14.2.2.3 Other stopping devices. A device shall be provided for waiting on this landing, the direction of the next movement imposed
stopping, and maintaining the lift out of service, including the on the car.
automatically operated doors: 14.2.4.4 For groups of lifts, position indicators on the landings are
(a) on the car roof not recommended. However, it is recommended that the arrival of a
(b) in the pulley room car be preceded by an audible signal.
(c) in the pit
14.2.3 Emergency alarm device
14.2.3.1 In order to call for outside assistance if necessary,
passengers shall have available in the car an easily recognizable and
accessible device for this purpose .
14.2.3.2 The power for this device shall be either from the emergency
lighting supply or from an equivalent supply .

158 159
Table 12 conditions for use of electric safety devices
Type of electric safety devices:
(a) safety contacts (14.1.2.2)
(b) safety circuits {14.1.2.3), whatever the type of installation,
(c) safety circuits (14.1.2.4), authorized in the case of installations 15. NOTICES AND OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
requiring special protection againstrisksof humidity or explosion.
The "X" indicates the type of device authorized. If there are sever­ 15.1 General provisions.
al 'X's, there is a choice of devices. All labels, notices and operating instructions shall be legible and
readily understandable, if necessary aided by signs or symbols. They
Electric safety device
Clause Devices checked , shall be untearable, of durable material, placed in a visible position
a b c and written in Arabic and English languages, (or if necessary in
5.2.2.2.2 check on closed position of inspection and emergency door* and inspection traps X
several other languages in addition).
7.7.3.1 check on locking of landing doors X X

7.7.4 check on closed position of landing doors X X

7.7.6.2 check on closed position of the panel or panels without locks X X

8.8.2 check on closed position of car door X X


15.2 In the car
8.11.4.2 check on locking of the emergency trap and the emergency door in car X x'
9.5.1 check on the tension in the com per sat ion ropes X 15.2.1 The rated load of the lift in kilograms as well as the number
9.5.2 check on the aiuj rebound device X

9.6.8 check on the operation of safety gear X X of persons shall be displayed.


9.7.11.1 check on the operation of the over speed governor X X X
9.7.11.2 check on the release of the overs peed governor X The number of persons shall be determined by reference to 8.2.5.
9.7.11.3 check on the tension in die overspced governor rope X
11.3.4 check on the return to normal extended position of buffers X The notice shall be made as follows :
11.4.2.2 check on the tension in die device for transmission of the car position X

11.5.1 final limit switches for traction drive lifts X PERS KGS.
12.8.4 check for stack rope or slack chain X
check on the tension in the device for transmission of the car position X 15.2.2 The name of the vendor and/ or the manufacturer shall be
(slowdown checking device)
12.8.5 check on retardation in the case of reduced stroke buffers X X X
displayed.
14.2.1.1 check on levelling and re levelling X X X
14.2.1.1 check on the tension in the device for transmission of the car position X 15.2.3 Other information
(levelling and re levelling)
14.2.1.2 inspection operation switch X 15.2.3.1 The control devices shall be clearly identified by reference to
14.2.1.3 emergency electrical operation switch X
14.2.2 stopping devices X their function; for this purpose it is recommended as an example to
use corresponding markings and symbols, if any, as shown in table
(13)
15.2.4 Instructions to ensure safe usage of the lift shall be placed in
the car whenever the need for these is apparent.
These shall at least indicate :
a) for lifts with telephones or intercom systems the instructions for
use, if not self evident;
b) that after using the lift, it is necessary to close manually operated
doors, if any.
160 161
15.4.3.1 The direction of movement of the car shall be clearly
15.3 On the car roof. indicated on the machine close to the hand winding wheel, if the
The following information shall be given: wheel is not removable, the indication may be on the wheel itself.
(a) the word "STOP" on or near the stopping device, so placed 15.4.3.2 On or near the emergency electrical operation buttons there
that there can be no risk of error as to the stop position; shall be markings to show the corresponding direction of movement.
(b) the words "NORMAL" and "INSPECTION" on or near the 15.4.4 On or near the stop switch in the pulley room there shall be the
inspection operation switch; word "STOP" so placed that there can be no risk of errors as to the
(c) the direction of motion on or near the inspections buttons. stop position.
15.4.5 The maximum permissible load shall be indicated on the lifting
15.4 Machine and pulley rooms beam or hooks.
15.4.1 A notice bearing the following minimum inscriptions:
"Lift Machine- Danger" [HI 15.4.6 In the case of a lift provided with an electrical anti-creep
"Access forbidden to all unauthorized persons" system there shall be an inscription on or near the main switch:
shall be fixed to the outside of doors or trap-doors giving access to "Switch off only when car is at the lowest landing."
the machines and pulleys.
In the case of trap-doors, a permanently visible notice shall indicate 15.5 On the outside of the well
to those using the trap-door: 15.5.1 Near the inspection doors for the well there shall be a notice
"Danger of falling - Reclose the trap door". stating:
15.4.2 Notices shall be provided to permit easy identification of the "Lift well-danger"
main switch(es) and the light switches. "Access forbidden unauthorized persons"
If there are several machines in one machine room, the notices 15.5.2 Landing doors with manual opening, if they can be confused
shall facilitate the identification of the switches appropriate to each with other adjacent doors, shall bear the inscription 'LIFT'.
lift. 15.5.3 Landing doors of lifts, the use of which is solely reserved
If after release of a main switch, some parts remain live for authorized and instructed users, shall bear on the landing side the
(interconnection between lifts, lighting ..), a notice shall indicate this. following inscription:
15.4.3 In the machine room or the interior of the machine enclosure, "Lift forbidden to unauthorized persons"
there shall be detailed instructions to be followed in the event of lift 15.5.4 On goods and passenger lifts the landing doors shall display the
breakdown, particularly concerning the use of the device for manual rated load.
or electqcal emergency movement, and the unlocking key for landing
doors.
162 163
In the case of multiple lifts it shall be possible to identify the car
15.6 On the overspeed governor
from which the call is being made.
A data plate shall be fixed indicating :
(a) the name of the manufacturer of the overspeed governor;
15.12 Locking devices
(b) the type examination sign and its references;
A data plate shall be fixed indicating the name of the manufacturer, of
(c) the tripping speed for which it has been adjusted;
the locking device.

15.7 On or near the stop switch in the pit there shall be the word
15.13 Safety gear
"STOP" so placed that there can be no risk of error as to the stop
A data plate shall befixedindicating:
position.
(a) The name of the manufacturer of the safety gear,
(b) The type examination sign and its references.
15.8 On the buffers
On the buffers, other than energy accumulation type buffers, there
[HJ15.14 Emergency towering valve.
shall be a data plate showing :
Near the manual operated valve for emergency downward movement
(a) The name of the manufacturer of the buffer;
there shall be a plate stating:
(b) The type examination sign and its references.
"Caution - Emergency lowering "

15.9 Landing identification, see table (14).


[H] 15.15 Handpump
Near the hand pump for emergency upward movement there shall be a
15.10 Electrical identification
plate stating:
Contactors, relays fuses and connection strips for Circuits coming into
"Caution - Emergency lifting"
the control panels shall be marked in accordance with the wiring
diagram.
In the case of the use of multiple wire connectors, only the connector
(and not the wires) need to be marked.

15.11 Alarm device


The bell or device activated during a call for help from the car shall
be clearly marked 'Lift alarm',

165
164
Table 14 Landing identification
Table 13 Markings and symbols uaed in passengers lifts ,
control device marking symbol

c o n t r o l device marking symbol


liianding station (s)
a) single push-button contra]
- one call button .
1; Car operating pane] (s) b) down collective control
- upper floor:one call button downward arrow
V
a) floor buttons
(illuminated or non illuminated)
-2,-l,(U.2,etc. - ground floor:ane or two one downward arrow and AV
buttons. one upward arrow
b) alarm -button shall be yellow in colour. The - lower floonoae call button
yellow colour is reserved for (alternative)
this device . c) directional collective con­
stylized arrows trol in the two directions
c) door reopening button (for
automatic doors only )
[ > < ]
of operations .
- upper floor:one call button downward arrow
V
d) stop device (if required) Red with the word "STOP* red - intermediate floor.two call one downward arrow and
buttons . one upward arrow
AV
colour is reserved for this
device. - lower floortone call button upward arrow A
e) illuminated car position indicator -2,-l,0.1,2,etc. 2: Minimum indicators
f) illuminated indicator for future
direction .
stylized downward and upword
arrows .
AV a) single push button control
- signal in use
- signal "lift here"
2: Optional indicators (only for manually operate!
doors and without vision
a) interphone, telephane.or similar symbol of the receiver ( than panels) .
device ( if required ). tne telephone is hidden ) b) down collective control
b) illuminated and possibly audible symbol of balance dial . - illuminated indicator "call
overload indicator ( mainly for registered"
lifts designed for the transport
of goods generally accompanied
- illuminated and audible
indicator .
stylized downward and/ 01,
upward arrow(i)
AV
by persons . - signal "Lift here" {in the
case of manually operated
doors without vision panels
3: Optional indicators
- illuminated "not in use"
indicator .
red diao with white Line
I
e
166
16E. EXAMINATIONS; TESTS; REGISTER;AND SERVICING. - Guards between lifts if there are more than one in the same well.
- Provisions for holes for fixing.
16E.1 Examinations and tests - Position and principal dimensions of the machine room with the
16E.1.1 The technical dossier to be supplied when applying for layout of the machine and principal devices.
preliminary authorization shall contain the necessary information to -Dimensions of the traction sheave.
ascertain that the constituent parts are correctly designed and the -Ventilation holes,
proposed installation is in conformity with this standard. - Reaction loads on the building and at the bottom of the pit.
This verification can only relate to items, or some of them, which shall - Access to the machine room.
form the subject of an examination or test prior to putting the lift in - Position and principal dimensions of the pulley room. Position
service. and dimensions of pulleys, and other devices in this room.
The technical dossier to be submitted with the application for - Access to the pulley room.
authorization is to comprise all of the information and documents - Arrangement and principal dimensions of landing doors. It is not
indicated in the following : necessary to show all the doors if they are identical and if the
distances between the floors are indicated.
a) General. - Arrangement and dimensions of inspection and emergency doors
-Names and addresses of the lift maker, the owner and/or the user. - Dimensions of the car and of its entrances.
-Address of the installation premises. - Distances from the sill and from the car door to the inner surface of
-Type of equipment - rated load - rated speed - number of passengers the well wall.
- travel of the lift - number of landings served. - Horizontal distance between the closed car door and landing doors.
- Principal characteristic of the suspension- safety factor - ropes
b) Technical details and plans.
(number, diameter, composition, breaking load)- compensation ropes
Necessary plans and sections in order to understand the lift
(where provided).
installation, including rooms for machines, pulleys and apparatus.
- Calculations of the traction and the specific pressure.
These plans do not have to give details of construction, but they
- Principal characteristic of the overspeed governor rope
shall contain the necessary particulars to check in conformity to this
(diameter, composition, breaking load, safety factor),
standard and particularly the following:
- Dimensions and calculation of the guides condition and dimensions
- Clearances at the top of the well and in the pit.
of the rubbing surfaces (drawn, milled, ground).
- Any accessible spaces which exist below the well
-Dimensions and calculation of energy accumulation type buffers.
- Access to the pit.

168 169
c) Electric schematic diagrams. (d) Comparison of the details given in the approval certificates
Outline of electric schematic diagrams of the power circuits and of the for the components for which type examinations are
safety circuits. required, with the characteristics of the lift.

d) Certificates. 2 Tests and verifications.


Copies of type examination certificates are required for locking These tests and verifications shall cover the following items:
devices, landing doors, overspeed governors, safety gear and buffers. (a) Locking devices.
If necessary copies of certificates for other components . (b) Electric safety devices.
Certificate for the safety gear according to the instructions provided by (c) Suspension elements and their attachments. It shall be verified
the safety gear manufacturer and calculation of the compression of the that their characteristics are those indicated in the register or
springs in the case of progressive safety gear. file.
(d) Braking system. The test shall be carried out whilst the car is
16E.1.2 Before going into service, lifts shall be examined and tested in descending at rated speed with 125% of the rated load and
order to verify their conformity to this standard. These examinations interrupting the supply to the motor and the brake.
and tests shall be carried out by an organization approved by the (e) Measurements of current or power and of speed.
public authorities. (f)l- Measurement of the insulation resistance of the different
circuits.
1 Examinations. 2- Verification of the electrical continuity of the connection
These examinations shall cover in particular the following points : between the earth terminal of the machine room and the
(a) If there have been a preliminary authorization, comparison different parts of the lift liable to be made live accidentally.
of the documents submitted on that occasion with the (g) Final limit switches.
installation as it has been installed. (h) Checking of the traction.
(b) In all cases, verification that the requirements of this 1- The traction shall be checked by making several stops with
standard are fulfilled. the most severe braking compatible with the installation. At
(c) Visual examination of the application of the rules of good each test complete stoppage of the car shall occur.
construction of the components for which this standard has The test shall be carried out:
no special requirement. (a) ascending with the car empty, in the upper part of the
travel;

170 171
(b) descending with the car loaded with 125% of the rated The car shall be loaded with the rated load uniformly
load in the lower part of the travel. distributed and engagement shall be made at the rated speed.
2- It will be checked that the empty car cannot be raised, when 2- Progressive safety gear.
the counterweight rests on its compressed buffers. The car shall be loaded with 125% of the rated load
3- It shall be checked that the balance is as stated by the lift uniformly distributed and engagement shall be made at a
maker. reduced speed (e.g. levelling speed or inspection speed).
This check may be made by means of measurements of After the test, it shall be ascertained that no deterioration
current combined with: which could adversely affect the normal use of the lift has
Speed measurements of a.c. motors. occurred.If necessary, friction components may be replaced.
Voltage measurements for d.c. motors. (k) Counterweight safety gear.
(i) Overspeed governor. 1- The counterweight safety gear activated by overspeed
1- The tripping speed of the overspeed governor shall be governor shall be tested in the same conditions as the car
checked in the direction corresponding to the descent of the safety gear (without any overload in the car)
car. 2- The counterweight safety gear which is not activated by an
2- The operation of the stopping control, shall be checked in overspeed governor shall be tested dynamically. For car and
both directions of movement. counterweight after the test, it shall be ascertained that
(j) Car safety gear.
no deterioration which could adversely affect the normal use
The energy which the safety gear is capable of absorbing at
of the lift has occurred.If necessary, friction components
the moment of engagement will have been checked during
may be replaced.
the type test. The aim of the test before going into service is (i) Buffers
to check the correct mounting and correct setting which 1- Energy accumulation type buffers.
have been verified during the type examination and the The test shall be carried out in the following manner:
soundness of the complete assembly, comprising car safety The car with its rated load shall be placed on the buffer(s)
gear, guide rails and their fixing to the building. The test the ropes shall be made slack and it shall be checked that the
shall be made while the car is descending with the brake compression corresponds to that given by the characteristic
open, the machine continuing to run until the ropes slip or curve of fig 8 .
become slack, for the following conditions: 2- Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return
1- Instantaneous safety gear or instantaneous safety gear with movement and energy dissipation type buffers.
buffered effect. The test shall be made in the following manner:

172 173
The car with its rated load or the counterweight shall be The capacity of these components has been verified during the type
brought into contact with the buffers at the rated speed or at examination. Furthermore their correct assembly and operation have
the speed for which the stroke of the buffers has been been verified in the tests made before going into service. During the
periodical test these components should always be in an operating
calculated.
condition. The examinations and the tests may bear on
After the test, it shall be ascertained that no deterioration
the locking device;
which could adversely affect the normal use of the lift has the ropes;
occurred. the mechanical brake.
(m) Alarm device If the braking components are such that in the case of failure of one of
them the other is not sufficient to retard the car, a detailed examination
16E.1.2.2 If type examinations are required, a copy of each relevant
shall be made of the hubs, spindles and linkages to ensure that there is
type examination certificate, shall be provided by an organization
no wear, corrosion, or dirt accumulation affecting their satisfactory
approved for this purpose for :
operation,
(a) locking devices; the overspeed governor;
(b) landing doors; the safety gear tested with empty car and at reduced speed,
(c) overspeed governor; the buffers tested with empty car and reduced speed,
(d) safety gear; the alarm devicet
(e) energy dissipation buffers (or buffers of the energy
A duplicate copy of the report shall be attached to the register or file.
accumulation type with buffered return movement).
16 E. 1.4 Examinations and tests shall be carried out after
16E.1.3 Periodical examination and tests on lifts shall be carried out important modifications or after an accident to ascertain that lifts
after they are brought into service to verify that they are in good continue to conform to this standard. These examinations and tests
condition. shall be carried out in accordance with the fallowing:
Periodical examinations and tests shall not be more stringent The important modifications and accidents shall be recorded in the
than those required before the lift was put into service. These technical part of the register or file. In particular, the following are
periodical tests shall not, through their repetition, cause considered as important modifications.
excessive wear or impose stresses likely to reduce the safety of the lift. Change:
This is the case in particular of the test on components such as the of the rated speed,
safety gear and the buffers. If tests on these components are made, of the rated load,
they shall be carried out with empty car and at reduced speed. of the mass of the car,

174 175
The plans of the installation in the building and circuit
of the travel,
diagrams, which may be limited to the circuits for the
of the type of locking devices
overall understanding of the safety considerations, shall be
Change or replacement:
attached. The symbols shall be explained by means of a
of the control system,
nomenclature.
of the guides or the type of guide,
b) A section where duplicate dated copies of examination and
of the type of door (or the addition of one or more landing
inspection reports are kept, with observations.
doors or car door),
16E.2.2 This register or the file shall, in any case, be available to those
of the machine or the traction sheave,
in charge of the servicing organization responsible for the periodical
of the overspeed governor,
examinations and tests.
of the buffers,
of the safety gear,
16E.3 Servicing.
The documents relating to the modification and the necessary details
The lift and its accessories shall be maintained in good working order.
shall be submitted to the organization responsible for the examinations
To this effect, regular servicing of the lift shall be carried out by
and tests , such organization will decide on the advisability of carrying
an authorized service organization which also shall be responsible for
out tests on the modified or replaced components.
the register.
These tests will be those required for the original components before
the lift was brought into service
16E.4 Inspection and testing methods.
16E.2 Register 16E.4.I inspection and testing apparatus.
16E.2.1 The basic characteristics of the lift shall be recorded in 16E.4.1.1 Insulation resistance tester (Megger). For insulation
the register, or file drawn up at the latest at the time the installation resistance measurement is to be 500 volts 100 megaohms.
is brought into service. This register or file shall be kept up-to-date
and shall comprise: 16E.4.1.2 An ammeter, voltmeter and tachometer are used for testing
a) A technical section giving the date the lift was brought into loading conditions.
service, the basic characteristics of the lift, the Tape measure, Folding Rule, Vernier caliper, hand hammer, and Spirit
characteristics of the ropes and those of the parts for which level are used for other inspections.
a type examination certificate is required, important
modifications to the lift, replacement of ropes or important
parts, accidents.

177
176
16E.5 Methods of inspection and judging criteria. 16E.5J Machine, motor-generator and brake,
16E.5.1 Inspections to be carried out in machine room . 16E.53.1 The machine and motor-generator shall be installed firmly
16E.5.1.1 The hoisting machine, motor, motor-generator, and and properly sound-isolated providing necessary measures to prevent
controller shall as a rule be so located as to present ho obstacles for displacement and tumbling.
maintenance. 16E.5.3.2 The brake shall be fixed firmly, and shall be capable
16E.5.1.2 The hoisting ropes, governor ropes, steel tapes of floor of decelerating and stopping the car safely when the power is cut off.
selectors,... etc. shall not be in contact with machine room floor where 16E.SJ.3 The traction sheave of the machine shall be free from
they are led through. Openings supplied for these components should cracks. The deflector sheave shall be properly installed and shall be
have guards to prevent falling of dust and other items from machine free from any cracks.
room to the lift well. 16E.5.4 Loading test
16E.S.I.3 No other installations shall be placed in machine room The loading test shall be carried out under the following conditions:
16E.5.1.4 Provision shall be made so that lighting and ventilation a) with no load in the up direction.
are suitable for care, and inspection. Room temperature shall be b) with no load in the down direction.
maintained below 40 degree centigrade. c) with 100% rated load in the up direction.
16E.5.1.5 The locking device for the entrance door shall be in good d) with 100% rated load in the down direction.
working condition. In each case the speed and the current shall be measured and
16E.5.1.6 The corridors, staircases,... etc. leading to the machine recorded under rated voltage and rated frequency, and shall satisfy
room shall be so arranged as to give no obstruction to maintenance. provisions of table( 16)
16E.5.2 Incoming panel, main switch, control board, tube, conduit 16E.5.5 Working condition of the speed governor.
and wiring. The working speed of governor shall be measured with a tachometer.
16E.5.2.1 The incoming panel and main switch, shall as a rule be If it is impossible to get an overspeed by directly running the car,
located near the machine room entrance and shall be installed firmly. the measurement may be taken by driving the governor independent of
16E.5.2.2 The control equipment such as the controllers, selectors,... the car to give the same effect as when the speed of the car increases.
etc. shall be installed firmly and provided with measures to prevent 16E.5.6 Working conditions of safety gear.
displacement and tumbling. 16E.5.6.1 Set up the following conditions:
16E.5.2.3 The operation of contact points of every switch or relay on a) Stop the car or counterweight by actuating the
the controller shall be in good working condition. corresponding catch of the speed governor by hand while
16E.5.2.4 The value of insulation resistance of each circuit shall the car or counterweight is descending. Operate the lift
satisfy tablel5 as appropriate. machine to lower the car or counterweight. If the Car

178 179
or counterweight does not move irrespective of revolution of 16E.5.8.6 The linkages of the safety gear shall be positively fixed to
the sheave, the safety gear is confirmed to be working. each other.
b)For safety gear which is not provided with a speed governor, 16E.5.8.7 The Upper limit switches shall be fitted firmly, and in good
(e.g for counterweight) its working shall be verified by working condition.
slackening of the hoist ropes at the counterweight top when 16E.5.8.8 The hoist ropes and governor rope shall be inspected on the
the car is lifted with the counterweight safety gear engaged. car while the car is lifted or lowered by inspection control on top of
16E.5.6.2 With safety gear engaged the following inspections shall be car. Those parts of the ropes which cannot be inspected on the car top
made: shall be inspected from machine room or pit.
a) mechanical device and the governor rope shall be free from. 16E.5.8.9 Guide rails and brackets shall be fitted firmly to withstand
any damage, vibrations and shall not show rust, deformation or extreme wear.
b) the safety gear shall work equally on both guides. 16E.5.8.10 The functions of locks and switches on landing doors shall
16E.5.7 Inspection to be carried out in the car. be positive.
16E.5.7.1 The horizontal distance between the car floor sill and the lift
16E.5.8.11 The supporting part of each landing door sill shall be
well wall shall not exceed 15 cm.
16E.5.7.2 Signs showing the purpose, rated load and passenger so constructed that passengers or goods might not be jammed during
capacity shall be fitted in readily visible positions. the in and out traffic of the lift car.
16E.5.7.3 The car door contact, the stop switch and the actuating 16E.5.8.12 The guide shoes of the car and the counterweight shall be
device shall be well fitted and in good working condition. fitted firmly, and provided with measures to prevent derailment due to
16E.5.8 Inspection to be carried out on the car top, vibration and the fixing conditions of counterweight fillers shall be
16E.5.8.1 The car top clearances according to fig 2 of clause 5 shall appropriate.
16E.5.8.I3 The guide shoes of the sliding landing doors shall be
be fulfilled.
16E.5.8.2 The emergency door if present shall be opened by simple fully extending into the groove of the door sill and the fitting
operation from outside. conditions of the door hanger retainers shall be appropriate.
16E.5.8.3 The safety gear operated switch on the car shall be in a good 16E.5.9 Inspections to be carried out in the pit
working condition. 16E.5.9.1 Lower limit switches shall befittedfirmly,and shall be in
16E.5.8.4 The deflector sheave if provided under the slab shall be good working condition.
properly installed and shall be free from any cracks . 16E.5.9.2 Buffers shall be fitted firmly and their function shall
16E.S.8.S The governor rope shall be fixed securely to the safety be maintained in good condition. In the case of spring buffers, they
gear operation lever. shall be free from defects such as rust and corrosion, and in the case of

180 181
hydraulic buffers they shall in addition be filled with proper quantity 16H. EXAMINATIONS; TESTS; REGISTER ; AND
of oil. SERVICING
16E.5.9.3 The travelling cables are to be protected from damage and
from hitting sharp edges. 16H.1 Examinations and tests
16E.5.9.4 The compensating tension device of speed governor rope 16H.L1 The technical dossier to be supplied when applying for
and tension device of compensating ropes or any other compensating preliminary authorization shall contain the necessary information to
tension device shall be in good working condition. ascertain that the constituent parts are correctly designed and the
16E.5.9J5 The depth of the pit shall be according to tables 1 & 2 of proposed installation is in conformity with this standard.
clause 5 shall be fulfilled. This verification can only relate to items, or some of them, which shall
form the subject of an examination or test prior to putting the lift in
service.
The technical dossier to be submitted with the application for
authorization is to comprise all of the information and documents
indicated in the following:

a) General.
- Names and addresses of the lift maker, the owner and/or the user.
- Address of the installation premises.
- Type of equipment - rated load - rated speed - number of passengers
-Travel of the lift - number of landings served.

b) Technical details and plans.


-Necessary plans and sections in order to understand the lift installation,
including rooms for machines, pulleys and apparatus.
These plans do not have to give details of construction, but they shall
contain the necessary particulars to check in conformity to this standard
and particularly the following :
- Clearances at the top of the well and in the pit.
- Any accessible spaces which exist below the well

182 183
- Access to the pit. - Dimensions and calculation of energy accumulation type buffers,
-Protection of the jack(s), if required. including their characteristic curve.
- Guards between lifts if there are more than one in the same well. - Calculation of the full load pressure.
- Provisions for holes for fixings. - Calculation of the jack and the piping.
-Position and principal dimensions of the machine room with the layout - Characteristics or type of the hydraulic fluid.
of the machine and principal devices.
- Ventilation holes, c)Electric schematic diagrams and hydraulic circuit diagram
- Reaction loads on the building and at the bottom of the pit Outline of electric schematic diagrams of the power circuits and of safety
- Access to the machine room. circuits.
- Arrangement and principal dimensions of landing doors. It is not Hydraulic circuit diagram
necessary to show all the doors if they are identical and if the distances
between the floors are indicated. d) Certificates.
- Arrangement and dimensions of inspection and emergency doors Copies of type examination certificates are required for locking devices,
- Dimensions of the car and of its entrances. landing doors, overspeed governors, safety gear and buffers. If
-Distances from the sill and from the car door to the inner surface of the necessary copies of certificates for other components (ropes, flexlible
well wall. hoses, and explosion proof equipment).
- Horizontal distance between the closed car door and landing doors. Setting up certificate for the safety gear according to the instructions
- Principal characteristic of the suspension- safety factor - ropes provided by the safety gear manufacturer and calculation of the
(number, diameter, composition, breaking load) compression of the springs in the case of progressive safety gear.
-Declaration of the precautions provided: Setting up certificate for the rupture valve according to the instructions
against free fall and descent with excessive speed, provided by the rupture valve manufacturer. Manufactures adjustment
against creeping. diagrams shall also be provided.
- Functional drawing of the pawl device, if any
- Evaluation of thereactionforce from a pawl device, if any, to the fixed 16H.1.2 Before going into service, lifts shall be examined and tested
stops. in order to verify their conformity to this standard.
- Principal characteristics of the overspeed governor rope or the safety
rope: diameter, composition, breaking load, safety factor
- Dimensions and calculation of the guides, condition and dimensions of
the rubbing surfaces (drawn, milled, ground).

184 185
1 Examinations. (g) Overspeed governor.
These examinations shall cover in particular the following items : 1- The tripping speed of the overspeed governor shall be
(a) If there have been a preliminary authorization, comparison of checked in the direction corresponding to the descent of
the documents submitted on that occasion with the installation the car.
as it has been installed. 2- Trie operation of the stopping control, shall be checked in
(b) In all cases, verification that the requirements of this both directions of movement.
(h) Car safety gear. ■■-
standard are fulfilled.
The energy which the safety gear is capable of absorbing at
(c) Visual examination of the application of the rules of good the moment of engagement will have been checked during the
construction of the components for which this standard has type test.
no special requirements. The aim of the test before going into service is to check the
(d) Comparison of the details given in the approval certificates correct mounting, correct setting and the soundness of the
for the components for which type examinations are required, complete assembly, comprising car safety gear, guide rails
with the characteristics of the lift. and theirfixingto the building.
The test shall be made while the car is descending with the
1 Tests and verifications.
load uniformly distributed, the contact on the safety gear and
These tests and verifications shall cover the following items :
the overspeed governor should be short-circuited to avoid
(a) Locking devices.
closing of the down direction valve.
(b) Electric safety devices.
(c) Suspension elements and their attachments. It shall be The engagement of safety gear shall be made at a reduced
speed.
verified that their characteristics are those indicated in the
After the test, it shall be ascertained that no deterioration
register or file.
which could adversely affect the normal use of the lift has
(d) Measurements of current or power and of speed.
occurred.
(e) 1- Measurement of the insulation resistance of the different
i) Clamping device.
circuits.
2- Verification of the electrical continuity of the connection The test shall be made while the car is travelling at normal
between the earth terminal of the machine room and the speed downwards, with the load uniformly distributed.
different parts of the lift liable to be made live accidentally. The car shall be loaded with 125% of the rated load,
(f) Final limit switches. instantaneous clamping device, instantaneous clamping
device with buffered effect or progressive clamping device.

186 187
The car w^th rated load shall be brought into contact with
j) Tripping of safety gear by failure of the suspension gear or by the buffers at the normal speed downwards.
safety rope .Check of the proper functioning. After the test it shall be ascertained that no deterioration
k) Tripping of the car safety gear (or clamping device) by lever. which could adversely affect the normal use of the lift has
Visual examination of the engagement of the lever with all occurred.
fixed stops and of the running clearance measured n) Limitation of the ram stroke. Verification that the ram is
horizontally between the lever and all fixed stops during stopped with buffered effect.
travel. o) Full load pressure; measurement of the full load pressure.
l)Pawl device p) Pressurereliefvalve; check of the correct adjustment
1) Dynamic test The test shall be made while the car is q) Rupture valve. Function test with rated load uniformly
travelling at normal speed downwards, with the load distributed in the descending car.
uniformly distributed. For lifts with several interconnected rupture valves»checking
The car shall be loaded with 125% of rated load and shall
of the simultaneous closing by measuring the inclination of
be stopped by the pawl device at each landing.
the car floor.
After the test it shall be ascertained that no deterioration
r) Restrictor (or one way restrictor); check that maximum speed
which could adversely affect the normal use of the lift has v
max does not exceed v^ +0.3 m/s
occurred.
s) Pressure test. A pressure of 200% full load pressure is
2) Visual examination of the engagement of the pawl(s) with
applied to the hydraulic system between the non return valve
all supports, and of the running clearance measured
and the-jack (included). The system is then observed for
horizontally between the pawl(s) and all supports during
evidence of pressure drop and leakage during a period of 5
travel. minutes.
m) Car buffers.
After this test it shall be visually ascertained that the integrity
1) Energy accumulation type buffers .The test shall be
of the hydraulic system is maintained.
carried out in the following manner:
t) Creeping test. It shall be checked that the car with the rated
The car with rated load shall be placed on the buffer(s) and
load, stopped at the highest level served does not move by
it shall be checked that the compression corresponds to that
more than 10 mm downwards within 10 minutes.
given by table 3 [ H ]
u) Emergency operation downwards (in the case of indireet
2) Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return
acting lifts):
movement, and energy dissipation type buffers. The test
Check that emergency operation downward shall not be
shall be carried out in the following manner:

189
188
possible when slack rope condition occurs. out with empty car and at reduced speed. The capacity of these
v) Motor run time limiter. components has been verified during the type examination. Furthermore
Check of the time adjustment (by simulating the running of their correct assembly and operation have been verified in the tests made
the machine). before going into service. During the periodical test these components
w) Electric temperature detecting device. should always be in an operating condition.
Check of the temperature adjustment. The examination and the tests may bear on:
x) Electrical anti-creep system The locking devices
The ropes
Functional test with rated load in the car.
The overspeed governor
y) Alarm device . Functional test
The safety gear tested with empty car and at reduced speed.
16H.1.2.2 If type examinations are required, a copy of each relevant The clamping device tested with empty car and at reduced speed.
type examination certificate, shall be provided by an organization The devices for tripping the safety gear by failure of the
approved for this purpose for; suspension gear or by a safety rope
The devices for tripping the car safety gear or the clamping
(a) Locking devices; device by lever,
(b) Landing doors; The pawl device tested with empty car and at reduced speed.
(c) Overspeed governor; The buffers tested with empty car and at reduced speed
(d) safety gear; The pressure relief valve.
(e) Energy dissipation buffers (or buffers of the energy The rupture valve.
accumulation type with buffered return movement). The electrical anti-creep system.
The alarm device.
16H.1.3 Periodical examinations and tests on lifts shall be carried out A duplicate copy of the report shall be attached to the register or file.
"after they are brought into service to verify that they are in good
1611.1.4 Examinations and tests shall be carried out after important
condition. These shall not be more stringent than those required before
modifications or after an accident to ascertain that lifts continue to
the lift was put into service.
conform to this standard. These examinations and tests shall be carried
These periodical tests shall not, through their repetition, cause excessive
out in accordance with the following:
wear or impose stresses likely to reduce the safety of the lift. This is the
The important modifications and accidents shall be recorded in the
case in particular of the test on components such as the safety gear and
technical part of the register or file. In particular,the following are
the buffers. If tests on these components are made, they shall be carried

190 191
considered as important modifications: shall comprise:
Change: a) A technical section giving the date the lift was brought into
of the rated speed, service, the basic characteristics of the lilt, the characteristics
of the rated load, of the ropes and those of the parts for which a type
of the mass of the car, examination certificate is required, important modifications to
of the travel, the lift, replacement of ropes or important parts, accidents.
of the type of locking devices The plans of the installation in the building and electrical
Change or replacement: circuit diagrams, which may be limited to the circuits for the
of the control system, overall understanding of the safety considerations, shall be
of the guides or the type of guide, attached. The symbols shall be explained by means of a
of the type of door (or the addition of one or more landing nomenclature.
doors or car door, b) A section where duplicate dated copies of examination and
of the power unit., inspection reports are kept, with observations.
of the overspeed governor, 16H.2.2 This register or the file shall, in any case, be available to those
of the buffers, in charge of the servicing organization responsible for the periodical
of the safety gear, examinations and tests.
of the clamping device
of the pawl device 16H.3 Servicing.
of the jack The lift and its accessories shall be maintained in good working order.
of the pressure relief valve To this effect, regular servicing of the lift shall be carried out by an
of the rupture valve authorized service organization which also shall be responsible for the
of the restrictor (or one-way restrictor) register.
These tests will, be those required for the original components before the
lift was brought into service. 16H.4 Inspection and testing methods.
16H.4.1 inspection and testing apparatus.
16H.2 Register 16H.4.1.1 Insulation resistance tester (Megger). For insulation
16H.2.1 The basic characteristics of the lift shall be recorded in the resistance measurement is to be 500 volts 100 megaohms.
register, orfiledrawn up at the latest at the time the installation is 16H.4.1.2 An ammeter, voltmeter and tachometer are used for testing
brought into service. This register or file shall be kept up-to-date and loading conditions.

192 193
Tape measure, Folding Rule, Vernier caliper, hand hammer, and Spirit 16H.5.2.3 The operation of contact points of every switch or relay on
level are used for other inspections. the controller shall be in good working condition.
16H.5.2.4 The value of insulation resistance of each circuit shall
16H.5 Methods of inspection and judging criteria. satisfy table(lS) as appropriate.
16H.5.1 Inspections to be carried out in machine room 16H.5.3 Hydraulic Power Unit, Pressure Piping and High
16H.5.1.1 Hydraulic power units, oil tanks, coolers and control Pressure Rubber Hose,
boards are as a rule to be located not less than 50 cm distant from pillars 16H.5.3.1 Hydraulic Power Unit shall be fitted surely and operate on
and walls, except where maintenance and care work is not hindered. good condition.
16H.5.1.2 The machinery room is to be partitioned by a floor, walls 16H.53.2 Hydraulic Power Unit shall be provided for each car.
and a ceiling of fireproof or fire-resisting construction. 16H.5.3.3 A safety valve which, in the case of extreme increase in
16H.5.1.3 Fire extinguishers or fire-fighting sand shall be provided at hydraulic pressure when the car is ascending, automatically initiates the
a readily visible place outside the machinery room, near the entrance. operation before the working pressure exceeds 125% of the normal
16H.5.1.4 In the machinery room no-fire signs shall be displayed. pressure and keeps the working pressure within 150% of the normal
16H.5.1.5 No other installations shall be placed in machine room. pressure, shall be equipped.
16H.5.1.6 Provision shall be made so that lighting and ventilation are 16H.5.3.4 Non-return valves in hydraulic power unit shall work
suitable for care, and inspection. Room temperature shall be maintained surely. The speed when the hand operation descending valve is fully
below 40 degree centigrade. opened shall be not more than the rated descending speed.
16H.5.1.7 The locking device for the entrance door shall be in good 16H.5.3.5 When it is presumed that the operating oil temperature will
working condition. fall to 5 deg centigrade or lower or rise to 60 deg centigrade or higher, a
16H.5.1.8 The corridors, staircases, ... etc. leading to the machine device to control this shall be equipped. When water is used for cooling,
room shall be so arranged as to give no obstruction to maintenance. the water pipe shall not be directly connected to drinking water system.
16H.5.2 Incoming panel, main switch, control board, tube, 16H.5.3.6 The device for preventing the racing of pump motor shall
conduit and wiring. work surely.
16H.5.2.1 The incoming panel and main switch, shall as a rule be 16H.5.3.7 The pressure piping shall provide at least one pressure
located near the machine room entrance and shall be installed firmly. gauge.
16H.5.2.2 The control equipment such as the controllers, selectors, ... 16H.5.3.8 The pressure piping shall be treated with effective anti-
etc. shall be installed firmly and provided with measures to prevent corrosive measures, be surely supported, and the joints in it shall be
displacement and tumbling. surely connected together and befreefrom oil-leakage.

194 195
16H.5.3.9The joints of hydraulic rubber hoses shall be surely a) mechanical device and the governor rope shall be free from
connected and befreefromoil-leakage, any damage.
b) the safety gear shall work equally on both guides.
16H.5.4 Loading Test
16H.5.7 Inspection to be carried vut in the car.
The loading test shall be carried out by measuring the speed and current
16H.5.7.1 The horizontal distance between the car floor sill and the lift
under the rated voltage andfrequencyin each of the following two cases
well wall shall not exceed 15 cm.
and the measured values shall satisfy the provisions of Table 5 [HI
16H.5.7.2 Signs showing the purpose, rated load and passenger
a- Loaded with a load 100% of the rated.
capacity shall be fitted in readily visible positions.
b- Loaded with a load 110% of the rated.
16H.5.73 The car door contact, the stop switch and the actuating
16H.5.5 Working condition of the speed governor.
device shall be well fitted and in good working condition.
The working speed of governor (if any) shall be measured with a
16H.5.7.4 The levelling device shall work surely within
tachometer.
75 mm.
"Die measurement may be taken by driving the governor independently of
16H.5.8 Inspection to be carried out on the car top.
the car to give the same effect as when the speed of the car increases
The inspection shall be made for the following:
extraordinarily.
16H.5.8.1 The sheaves or sprocket wheels shall be fitted well, and
16H.5.6 Working conditions of emergency stop of indirect
shall be free from any crack.
hy dra u lie-drive.
16H.5.8.2 Hoisting ropes , or the governor rope shall comply with (a)
16H.5.6.1 Set up the following conditions :
and (b) below.
Stop the car once by actuating the catch of speed governor by hand
(a) The wearing condition of ropes shall be
while it is descending, then operate the hydraulic power unit to lower
inspected on the most severely weared
the car. Confirm the working of emergency stop by noticing that the car
part, and shall satisfy the provisions of
does not descend irrespective of the descending of the plunger.
clause 9 [ H ] .
However, for an emergency stop of a type using no speed governor, fix
the car once and then slacken the hoisting ropes of the car by lowering (b) The hoisting rope ends which are moulded in sockets with
the plunger. Then confirm that the emergency stop is working by Babbit metal shall be so arranged that it can be observed
releasing the fixing of the car. that each strand has been bent.
(c) Each hoising rope socket shall be firmly fastened with
16H.5.6.2 With safety gear engaged the following inspection shall be
double nuts and secured with a split pin.
made:
(d) All hoisting ropes shall bear a nearly equal tension.

196 197
16H.5.8.3 Lift the car above the upper terminal storey at slow speed. 16H.5.9.2 The lower limit switch shall work before the car reaches the
The top clearance left when the plunger has been stopped by the stopper buffers.
shall be not less than 65 cm. 16H.5.9.3 The hydraulic cylinder shall be fitted surely.
16H.5.9.4 In indirect hydraulic lifts , the hoisting ropes shall not run
16H.5.8.4 On the jack of indirect hydraulic lift, a stop switch which off from the grooves of sheave when they are slackened by vibrations.
works before the operation of plunger stopper shall be provided, and its 16H.5.9.5 The inside of pit shall be free from seeping water, and be
mounting and operation shall be sure. clean.
16H.5.8.5 The hydraulic cylinder shall be installed surely. 16H.5.9.6 Lower limit switches shall be fitted firmly, be in relative
16H.5.8.6 The oil leakage through the cylinder packing shall be position tb ensure operation and be appropriate in their working
properly treated. condition.
16H.5.8.7 The escape door can be opened by simple operation from 16H.5.9.8 Buffers shall be fitted firmly and their function shall be
outside. maintained in good condition. In the case of spring buffers, they shall be
16H.5.8.8 The door switch on the car shall be fitted firmly. free from defects, such as rust and corrosion, and in the case of
16H.5.8.9 The safety switch on the car shall work well. hydraulic buffers, they shall in addition, befilledwith proper quantity of
16H.5.8.10 The governor rope shall be fixed surely. oil.
16H.5.8.11 The linkage of emergency stop shall work surely. 16H.5.9.9 Travelling cables are to be protected from damage.
16H.5.8.12 The upper limit switches shall be fitted firmly, be so 16II.5.9.10 The compensating tension device of speed governor rope
located that sure operation is ensured, and work properly, and other compensating tension devices shall be working properly.
16H.5.8.13 The locks and switches on landing doors shall work 16H.5.9.12 The depth of pit shall be not less than 1.5m.
surely. 16H.5.9.13 when the emergency stop test is finished, the emergency
16H.5.8.14 In the lift well, pipings, wirings, etc. not directly related stop device shall befreefromdamage. Also, it shall have returned to the
to the lift shall not exist. normal position.
16H.5.9 Inspections to be carried out in the pit. 16H.5.9.I4 The car frames shall be fastened together firmly.
The inspection shall be made as following:

16H.5.9.1 The distance between the car and buffers, when the car is
staying horizontally at the lower terminal landing, shall be minimum 70
mm.

198 199
Table 15 Insulation resistance of different circuits
Table 4[H] Specitications of hydraulic oil for hydraulic lifts
Purpose of Voltage of Minimum insulation resistance
circuit circuit (mega ohms) Class of viscosity ISOVG32
32mm2/s(cSt)at50°C

Motor main <or=300v 0.2


circuit >300v 0.4 Viscosity index (ISO) 108
control
circuit Additives Anti-foam
<OI^150V 0.1 Anti-oxydation
Signal Anti-rust
circuit
> 150v <300v 0.2
Lighting
circuit

Table 5[H] Loading test for hydraulic lifts

Table 16 Loading test Item When with no load in up- When with 100% rated load
direction and with 110% rat­ in up-direction
ed load in the down-
Item When with no load in up- When with 100% rated load direction
direction and with 110% rat­ in up-direction
ed load in the down- Speed Not more than 125% of Not less than 90% and not
direction speed for which the lift is more than 105% of the
designed speed for which the lift is
Speed Not more than 125% of Not less than 90% and not designed
speed for which the lift is more than 105% of the
designed speed for which the lift is Current Not more than 120% of the Not more than 100% of the
designed rated current of motor rated current of the motor
Current Not more than 120% of the Not more than 100% of the working Not more than 115% of the Not more than 120% of the
rated current of motor rated current of the motor pressure design value design value

200 201
17. FUNDAMENTAL NEEDS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE many requirements are associated with the dimensions and other aspects
of the wheelchair.
17.1 Access for all physically handicapped. 1- The length of wheelchairs varies generally between
17.1.1 Background. 1100 mm and 1200 mm. The user's feet add
In planning the environment, disabled people should not be treated as a approximately 50 mm more to the overall length.
group requiring special treatment. Special measures should be avoided in 2- The width of the wheelchairs varies generally between
favour of a more general approach. Any action should be based on the 600mm and 700mm. To propel a chair manually by
concept that disabled people are to be given opportunities to participate in operating the rims of the main wheels a clearance
normal social life. of not less than 50mm, and preferably 100mm is
17.1.2 Scope. needed.
It is realistic to assume that provision for handicapped people in new 3- Most of wheelchairs have a seat height of about
installations will be easier to implement than in the adaptation of existing 500mm. The reach of a wheel chair user is constrained
and older installations. It can also be expected that a higher standard of by his seated position.
provision may be needed, for example in hospitals. It is important that
the intended accessibility can really be applied in planning and 17.4 Components and space requirements.
construction. The level of provision for handicapped should be realistic 17.4.1 Doors.
and economic, and seen in relation to other demands and to the type of Wheelchair users and others with impaired mobility have difficulty using
population it will serve.
self-closing doors. Public building should preferably have sliding
automatic doors.
17.2 In the design of lifts, requirements may only be needed for people 17.4.1.1 Door width.
with impaired mobility. To enable wheelchair users to pass through doors, the clear width should
be between 850mm and 900mm.
17.3 People with impaired mobility. 17.4.1.2 Wheelchair maneuvering space.
17.3.1 Wheelchair users. This is to enable wheelchair users to approach doors. A corridor should
The main problems of wheelchair users are obviously, room have a width of at least 1200mm to allow a 90 degree turn to be made. In
requirements for moving about and working from a sitting position; thus narrow spaces, sliding doors may be preferable.

202
203
17.4.1.4 Handles.
17.4.1.3 Side-hung doors. Door handles and lock should be easy to manipulate. To facilitate the
Maneuvering space needed,for wheelchair users to approach doors closing of doors by wheelchair users, the door should have a horizontal
1- free space beside the operating side of the door handle approximately 800mm from the floor. Self-closing doors should
^-should be between 450mm to 550mm. be equipped with an easily gripped vertical pull-handles with a length of
2- the depth of the free space should be 1400mm to 1500mm. at least 300mm, and with the lower end approximately 800mm above
floor level.

J i

800

a 450 mm 550mm
b 1500 mm 1400 mm
17.5 Lift car.
17.5.1 Minimum size.
For wheelchair users the dimension of the car should be at least
1100mm. width x 1400mm. depth.

204 205
18. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FIRE PROTECTION
17.5.2 Control device.
Should be placed in the zone 900mm to 1200mm from the floor, and not
18.1 General.
less than 400mm from the front or rear walls.
18.1.1 The operation of lift becomes uncertain if the temperature
17.5.3 Hand rails.
exceeds:
Handrails used as a support for people with mobility impairments should
a) 40 deg. cent, in the machine or pulley room.
be approximately 900mm from thefloor.The rail should be easy to grip,
b) 70 deg. cent, on the outer side of the landing doors.
having circular section with a diameter of approximately 40mm. The
18.1.2 Generally it is prohibited to use lifts by passengers when a fire
hand rail should be securely fitted to the car wall to withstand heavy
pressure. Hand rails should turn in towards the car wall at either end. breaks out in a building.
18.13 Upon detection of a temperature of 70 deg. cent, on the outer
surface of the landing doors or 40 deg. cent, in the machine room, or
actuation of thefirekey switch , the lifts are brought to the evacuation
level to allow any passengers to leave and the car doors kept in open
condition.
18.1.4 Precaution shall be taken to avoid practically all possibilities of
fire at the evacuation level (absence of combustible materials).
18.1.5 Generally the lifts may not be used to evacuate the building
during fire.

206

206 207
18.2 Specific operations depending on special structural 18.3.2 The rated load for firemen lifts shall be at least 630 Kg.
2
arrangement considered . The available car area shall be not less than 1.4 m .
See arrangements (2), ( 3 ) , (4), & (9) figure 1 The rated speed shall be chosen so that the complete travel time does not
18.2.1 On detection of a fire in a compartment other than that formed exceed 60 seconds.
by the wells and their landings : The width of free entry to the car shall not be less than 800mm.
a) the fire resisting doors of the corresponding storeys will close The firemen lifts shall be able to allow access to all the levels of the
automatically if they are not normally in the closed position. building divisions. The use of the firemen lifts can only be allowed under
b) the orders sending the lifts to these storeys will be cancelled and the supervision of a person responsible for the security of the building.
the corresponding buttons in the car made inoperative.
c) the occupants of the threatened storeys shall use the emergency 18.4 Automatic devices, for protection against fire .
staircases. The call buttons of the corresponding landing will be The installation of sprinklers or any such device in the lift wells shall be
made inoperative. prohibited. The wells shall be made from incombustible materials and
18.2.2 If the evacuation of the building is decided by the authority and have the fire resistance laid down in the local regulations.
if the lifts can be used for this purpose, the information shall be On the other hand, in the machine room, automatic .devices for fire
transmitted to the machine room in form of a signal. fighting may be permitted in the following conditions:
Then the lifts will bcturned to the evacuation level and will be used only a) they are provided for fires of electrical origin.
under the control of someone from the fire services who has a special b) they have a high nominal operating temperature.
key.
18.5 Electrical operations on the standby supply in the case
18.3 Firemen's lifts . of fire .
18.3.1 A switch reserved for the fire service and intended for priority 18.5.1 It is recommended that the normal rising mains of the electrical
calling of the lift shall be provided on the landing of the evacuation level. supply to the lift machine room shall be protected against the action of
This switch ensures the priority recall of the car which, after its arrival at fire.
evacuation level, shall operate without responding to landing calls.
Having arrived at specified level, it remains with its door open until a
new instruction is made from inside the car.

208 209
18.5.2 If two external sources of supply are available, the second may
be considered as the standby supply. The cables bringing the standby
current to the machines shall be clearly separatedfromthose bringing the
normal current.
18.53 In case of fire it shall be possible, if required, the automatic
transfer to the standby supply and maintaining thefiremenlifts in
operation and automatic recall in succession of the other lifts to the
evacuation level.

18.6 Signalling - instruction .


Adequate instructions shall be provided in the car and on each landing. In
addition an internal telephone system shall allow supplementary
instruction to be given to the passengers in the car.

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210 211
I.S.B.N. 977

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