INSTRUCTION MANUAL

DIODE LASER BASED EXPERIMENTS

Manufactured / Marketed By

,
SN. 37/2, "Ashtavinayak Indl. Estate",
Parvati Nagar, Dhayari-Narhe Road,
Next to Pari Robotics, Narhe, Pune - 41
Email: xtreme.pune@gmail.com
Web Site: www.xtremesolutions.org.in
 BEAM DIVERGENCE USING DIODE LASER
AIM:
To determine the divergence of a DIODE Laser Beam

APPARATUS:
Diode Laser, photo diode, digital Multimeter (micro ammeter)

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

+
+
Photodiode
DIODE La ser Source 0 - 100µA

To Determ ine Divergence of a DIODE Laser using Photo diode

PROCEDURE:

1 Place DIODE Laser on wooden stand in line with optical bench

2 Place Photodiode / LDR on optical bench
3 Adjust Photodiode / LDR on optical bench holder exactly in line with
DIODE Laser.

4 Connect BNC connector to Photodiode

5 Connect digital Multimeter in ‘µA’ range to photodiode BNC connector red
to +ve & black to -ve pins.
6 Give supply to Laser unit, switch ‘ON’ the backside switch
7 See that the laser rays exactly falls on photodiode / LDR center point
8 Measure the current on Digital Meter (I).

2 DIODE LASER BASED EXPERIMENTS | XTREME SOLUTIONS, PUNE-41

 9 Now further diverge the beam away from the Photodiode / LDR &
measure the current ‘I’.
10 Deflect the beam by screw arrangement provided on optical bench.
(Photodiode / LDR arrangement) in ‘mm’ & record distance ‘d’ & current
‘I’.
11 Plot the graph of beam divergence i.e. current ‘I’ Vs distance ‘d’ by
deflecting the beam on both side of the photodiode / LDR.

OBSERVATION TABLE:

Current ‘I’ Distance ‘d’

GRAPH:

3 DIODE LASER BASED EXPERIMENTS | XTREME SOLUTIONS, PUNE-41

WAVELENGTH MEASUREMENT USING DIODE LASER
AIM:
To find out the wavelength of the Diode Laser gun by using diffraction grating

APPARATUS:

Diffraction grating, Diode Laser, Graph paper etc

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Gra ph Pa per

Gra ting

Diode Laser Sourc e

X
D

Wavelength Measurem ent of Diode Laser using Diffrac tion Grating

FORMULA:

Grating equation is
d = sin θ = ηλ
Where
λ = Wavelength of Laser
d = Grating element
2.54
d= = 1.693 × 10− 4
15000
N = Total number of lines per inch on grating = 15000
θ = Angle of Diffraction
Η = Order of Diffraction

x
tan θ =
D
Where

X - Distance of diffraction spot from mean position

D – Distance between screen & grating

4 DIODE LASER BASED EXPERIMENTS | XTREME SOLUTIONS, PUNE-41

OBSERVATION
1. Total number of lines per inch on grating N = 15000
2.54 2.54
2. Grating Element = d = = = 1.693 × 10− 4
N 15000

OBSERVATION TABLE:
Angle of
Distance Between Distance of Diffraction x Diffraction
tan θ = x
Screen & Grating Spot From Mean D
Obs θ = tan −1 )
No D
1st Order 2nd Order
D cm I II
I II I II
X1 cm X2 cm

CALCULATION:
To find the wavelength of laser by using grating element:

For 1st order:

d = sin θ = ηλ {η = 1}
λ1 = d sin θ
λ1 = 1.693 × 10−4 × sin(216)
λ1 = 1.693 × 10− 4 × 0.36
λ1 = 0.609 × 10− 4 cm

For 2nd order:

d = sin θ = ηλ {η = 2}
λ2 = d sin θ
λ2 = 1.693 × 10−4 × 0.7088
λ2 = 1.199 × 10− 4
λ2 = 0.59 × 10− 4 cm

Mean wavelength of Laser:

λ1 + λ2
λ=
2
0.609 × 10− 4 + 0.59 × 10− 4
λ=
2
λmean = 0.5995 × 10−8

RESULT: The wavelength of He-Ne Laser is: λ = 0.5995 × 10−8

5 DIODE LASER BASED EXPERIMENTS | XTREME SOLUTIONS, PUNE-41