HYE ASALAMUALIKUM AND GOOD MORNING TO OUR LADIES AND GENTELMAN,SALAM SATU

MALAYSIA DAN SALAM MALAYSIA BARU

MY NAME IS HAFIZ TODAY I AND MY FRIEND WOULD LIKE TO PRESENT ABOUT ONE OF THE
PROMINENT CITY IN FRANCE WHICH IS PARIS.THE PURPOSE OF THIS PRESENTATION IS TO LEARN
AND GET TO KNOW ABOUT THE CITIES IN FRANCE.
BASICLY THIS PRESENTATION WILL HAVE 5 SECTION OF CONTENT ,MY ROLE AND PART IS TO COVER
ABOUT HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PARIS.
BEFORE I DIG DEEPER AND TALK ABOUT HISTORY OF PARIS.LET ME START WITH SOME GENERAL
INFORMATION ON PARIS
AS WE KNOW PARIS IS ONE OF THE TOP MOST VISITED CITY IN THE WORLD.ACCORDING TO
WIKIPEDIA PARIS HAVE AN AREA OF 105 SQUARE KILOMETER AND AN OFFICIAL ESTIMATED
POPULATION OF 2.1 MILLION RESIDENT IN 2018 . THUS MAKING PARIS AS ON OF THE BUSIES CITY IN
THE WORLD . PARIS ALSO KNOW AS THE SCOND MOST EXPENSIVE CITY IN THE WORLD BEHIND
SINGAPORE.THE MOST INTERESTING FACT IS PARIS IS THE CENTRAL CAPITAL OF FRANCE.THERE
ALWAYS SAID..A GREAT PLACE CAME FROM GREAT HISTORY

BASICLLY PARIS HAS 4 ERA AND 4 STAGE THAT THEY GO TROGH TO BUILD AND SHAPE PARIS TODAY
..
WHICH IS ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL PARIS

The city of Paris began in the 3rd century BC when a Celtic tribe called the Parisii built a
fortified settlement on the Ile de la Cite.

The Romans conquered the Parisii in 52 AD and they built a town on the River Seine. The
Romans called Paris Lutetia. However Roman Paris was not a particularly large or important
town. It had a population of not more than 10,000.

In the late 3rd century Paris and the surrounding region were converted to Christianity.
However by then the Roman Empire was in decline. In 486 a race called the Franks
captured Paris.

Under the Franks Paris flourished. In 845 the Vikings raided Paris. The French king paid
them 7,000 pounds of silver to leave. But from the 11th century onward Paris prospered
again. In the Middle Ages Paris grew rapidly and it became one of the largest towns in
Europe. Its population probably reached 200,000 (that might seem small to us but it was
huge by Medieval standards). King Philippe-Auguste (1180-1223) built a wall around Paris.
He also built the Louvre fortress.

Medieval Paris was also a busy inland port with goods being brought to and from its wharves
along the Seine. Paris was also noted for its scholars. Paris University became famous.
Meanwhile from the late 12th century onward the most famous cathedral in Paris, the
Cathedral de Notre Dame was built.

However in 1338 the Hundred Years War between France and England began and in 1348
Paris was devastated by the Black Death. In 1357 the mayor of Paris Etienne Marcel led a
rebellion in Paris to try and gain more rights for Parisian merchants. However Royalist forces
captured Paris in 1358 and Marcel and his followers were executed. In 1420 the English
captured Paris. However the French recaptured the town in 1436.
RENAISSANCE PARIS

Paris gradually recovered from the Hundred Years War and in 1528 King Francois I moved
his court to the town. Once again Paris flourished. Meanwhile in the 16th century the
Reformation swept France. French Protestants were persecuted. The persecution reached a
peak in 1572 with the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre. About 2,000 Protestants in Paris
were murdered by Catholics.

Then in 1589 King Henry III was assassinated leaving a Protestant, Henry of Navarre heir to
the throne of France. Many Catholics refused to accept Henri, however and he had to fight
for his throne. Yet in 1593 he converted to Catholicism and in 1594 he entered Paris.

King Henry IV began building great public buildings in Paris. He also built the Pont Neuf in
1607. Henry was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic in 1610 but his widow built the Palais de
Luxembourg. The Palais Royal was built in 1629 by Cardinal Richelieu.

Building great buildings in Paris continued under Louis XIV in the late 17th century (although
he moved to the palace of Versailles outside the city). However there were two sides to
Paris. Alongside the splendid buildings there were many cafes and Paris was famous for its
philosophers. However there was also a great deal of severe poverty in Paris. The poor lived
in squalor.

PARIS AFTER 1789

Paris was, of course, at the center of the French Revolution which broke out in 1789. On the
morning of 14 July 1789 Parisians seized cannons and guns from the Invalides (a hospital
for military veterans). They then surrounded a fortress and prison called the Bastille. The
governor was forced to surrender. To the ordinary people the Bastille was enormously
important as a symbol of royal power and arbitrary government.

From September 1793 the Great Terror swept France. In the next 9 months thousands of
people were guillotined in Paris. Meanwhile in September 1793 a movement called De-
Christianization began. Churches were vandalized and closed. The church of Notre-Dame
was renamed the 'Temple of Reason'. However the Terror ended in the late summer of
1794. Thousands of prisoners were released and life gradually returned to normal.

Napoleon became ruler of France in 1799. He built Pont des Arts. He also built the Arc de
Triomphe and La Madeleine. However allied armies occupied Paris in 1814.

In 1830 another revolution took place in Paris. Louis Philippe became constitutional monarch
of France. In the mid 19th century the Industrial Revolution began to transform France. Paris
grew rapidly but many of its inhabitants lived in dire poverty. In 1832 cholera killed 20,000
people in the city.

In 1848 discontent in Paris resulted in another revolution and Napoleon III took power in
France. During his reign, which lasted until 1870 parts of Paris were rebuilt. Baron
Haussmann was responsible for demolishing much of Paris and building new streets.
Economically Paris boomed and its population grew rapidly.

On 19 September 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War Prussian troops reached Paris and
laid siege to the city. In the next 4 months Parisians were reduced to near starvation and the
city surrendered on 28 January. The French government made a formal peace treaty with
the Prussians but the Parisians objected to its terms and they rose in revolt on 18 March
1871. A government called the Paris Commune was formed in the city. The French
government sent troops and after weeks of street by street fighting the rebellion was
crushed. Afterwards thousands of Communards were executed.

Paris soon recovered and it prospered in the late 19th century. The Eiffel Tower was
unveiled in 1889 and the Metro opened in 1900.

AND LAST BUT NOT LEAST MODERN PARIS

Paris escaped the First World War relatively unscathed. In the 1920s and 1930s Paris again
prospered. However on 14 June 1940 Paris fell to the Germans. On 19 August 1944 Paris
rose in rebellion and on 25 August allied forces entered the city.

In May 1968 Paris was rocked by student riots but stability soon returned. In the late 20th
century new buildings were erected in Paris such as the Tour Montparnasse in 1973 and the
Hotel Concorde Lafayette in 1974. The Pompidou Center was built in 1977. Today Paris is a
flourishing city and tourism is booming. Les Quatre Temps Shopping Mall was founded in
1981. Beaugrenelle Shopping Mall opened in 2013. Today the population of Paris is 2.2
million.