DESA PENGLIPURAN

Muhammad Fathin Juzar 8R

MADANIA Progressive Indonesian School

Table of Contents

Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….I

Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….II

History………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….1

Village government structure………………………………………………………………………………………………2

Norms, rules and tradition……………………………………………………………………………………………………3

Uniqueness………………….……………………………………………………………………………………………………….4

Religion/belief…………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………….5

Economic activity…………………………….……………………………………………………………………………………6

Religion rituals/activity…………………………………………………………………………………………………………7

Village settlement…………………………..……………………………………………………………………………………8

Protection to globalization…………………………………..……………………………………………………………….9

Development plan……………..……………………………………………………………………………………………….10

Personal data……………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………11
Introduction
On Tuesday April 13, 2010, we visited the village Panglipuran, with the intention of
learning about anything related to this Penglipuran Village. Such as, history,
government structure, norms, customs, rules, uniqueness, religion or beliefs, and
many more. This village is a traditional village which is still beautiful and natural.
Thus, they live in harmony with nature, and respect for nature. This village is located
in the District Bangli, which is 45 km from Denpasar city. This village often visited
by tourists. It could be seen from the way they receive tourists, and they also allow us
to enter their yard which is divided in an orderly and neat. When we arrived in this
village, at first we were told to sit in an open space, It looks like an outdoor
multipurpose room, with lots of musical instruments. I pay attention on the
surrounding of this village. This village still looks beautiful, naturally, and this
village has lots of trees. From this place, I could not see the houses citizens. Then
here, in the open space, we were explained lot of things about Panglipuran village by
the customary chief. We recorded and note all the important things he said. After that
session has finished, we were allowed to look around at this village. The village is
quite interesting. There is a big path in the middle, and the left and the right side are
filled by small houses owned by the residents of Penglipuran village. The house looks
similar to each other, it looks like the land area which is owned by every citizen has
the same area. Because it is placed tidy and orderly. At this village, there are many
dogs owned by the residents.At the end of the village, there is a large temple. We
could take some photo there. People at Penglipuran village is friendly and they allow
us to go into their yard. We ended up walking the streets, looking to and fro.

I think, this Bali trip is quite fun and interesting, yet there are many projects and
papers to do. We could see many things around Bali, including its beautiful beach
which makes us relax and forget about all of our problems. Overall, I enjoyed having
a trip in Bali, it is a nice way to combine study and having fun. But we should
manage our energy as well.
History
Long time ago, the Penglipuran village is
called Payung gede customary/traditional
village. It is located about 35 kilometers
from the west of Mount Batur. Then, the
kings in the past move this village.

Actually, the beginning of this

Panglipuran Village began as a
Penglipuran Village
traditional village or also can be called as
customary village (desa adat). This traditional village is a non formal institution
which is made since the day of old times. The motive to make this institution is from
the will to fight against Dutch rule which conquer them.

So the citizen with the same will gathered in one place. Then suddenly, the idea to
make this village appeared. They share idea and discuss with each other and finally,
at that moment, a village was made with a name of Pangelpure, which means
"remember on ancestral land".

As the time goes by, the name was changed into Penglipuran. Another opinion says
that "Penglipuran" derives from the word "Penglipur" which means "entertainer"
because at the time of the kingdoms, this place used as a resort. This place is
meaningful since their ancestors came from Buyung Gede village to Penglipuran
Buyung from quite far distance. People from Buyung gede to came to Jarak town
because they cooperate with each other. People from Bayung Gede have a special
skill which is used by many people in Jarak town. Therefore Penglipuran society
established the same temple as it existed Bayung Gede village. In this case means that
the community Penglipuran still know their origins.

Until now, the name of this village is Penglipuran. At 1993, the Penglipuran village is
open for public and used for tourist attraction.
Village government structure
The Penglipuran village government structure start from the biggest, until the lowest
is written below, Penglipuran village representatives currently about 70 people until
now. In government agencies (Pemerintahan dinas), there will be such thing as
regents, mayors, and others. But in the Government of customs (pemerintahan adat),
such as that used by the Penglipuran village, it will look like this (based on the
information I get from the interview):

1. Custom Village

2. Customary rule (Awig-awig)

3. Tebing Adat

4. Customary Secretary / treasurer

5. Murari

6. Sekelgo Prabung

7. Chef

8. Security Secretary

A customs government, stand alone. Which is different with the Government

agencies which is from the government itself. An Awig-awig is a rule of Bali people
which is written in Bali letters. This rule has the same purpose such as UUD 45. It
contain many rules and also the consequences if someone break the rule.
Norms, Rules, and Tradition
There are some rules and norms that must be obeyed by the village society
Penglipuran. The community must maintain a good environment, because they live in
harmony with nature, and they appreciate nature. They should not be carelessly
disposed of garbage and sewage that pollute rivers. They also couldn’t cut down any
trees at they own will. The name of a Forest in Penglipuran is named Baku. The
forest is quite clean and beautiful. They also couldn’t dry the clothes in any place, for
example in front of the house. They must hold their tradition with strong feeling. The
rules and norms was written in “Awig-Awig”

One of the tradition (or also can be called rules/norms), if there is a pair of women
and men who will marry, the marriage will be conducted at the home of his wife. But
after they got married, then the wife should obey and follow what is done or said to
her husband. For example, in terms of residence, the wife followed the husband's
residence. Dowry which had been set in the Penglipuran village is cow, but now,
we've been able to replace it with chicken. Because maybe the cow was too expensive
to purchased for some people. In this village, no one are allowed to marry more than
once, or in other words polygamy / polyandry. If that is violated, then the perpetrators
of polygamy / polyandry is transferred and sequestered in a house that has been
specially made. The perpetrators should not be out of specified limits. This method is
quite effective, because so far, the house was not occupied.

Another tradition is Ngaben. Some people think it is identical to burning of the

corpse. But actually it is not. Because in fact, the corpse can be buried like the people
in general. It is said that, if there is one dead, one head of cow should be cut. Bodies
that haven’t been Ngaben isn’t able to mingle with their family. Because the purpose
of Ngaben is to purify the spirit.
Uniqueness
Many unique things we can encounter in
Penglipuran. The first aspect I will discuss
is from the building first. Every
Penglipuran citizen houses have “Angkul-
angkul” which is a kind of gate in front of
the house every citizen. That's the entrance

Example of the pattern in Angkul-angkul to their homes. Patterns that exist in

Angkul may shown the characteristic or
pattern of each house. The houses in
Penglipuran village is also uniform and similar to each other. This occurs because the
average height of the same, nothing too flashy, and it's all neat and orderly.Then, in
every yard, there are more separated buildings like Sanggah (place to pray), kitchen,
Bale Sangkaran, and barns.

Then, apart from aspects of the building, there are something unique, this Penglipuran
village is a village which is a traditional village and a tourist place/attractions as well.
People in the village Penglipuran also friendly and welcoming and they are
accustomed to receiving tourists. There are
many other interesting things such as the
Penglipuran society dogs around the street.
There is a lot of dogs in Penglipuran
village. But those dog doesn’t harm us, they
Many dogs roam at the path are tame and trained well.

And the other unique thing is Generally,

Penglipuran villagers are Hindus, but they may eat the cows. Actually in Hindu’s
religion, they weren’t allowed to eat cow. The village is also quite cool at the time I
arrived there because it is situated 700 m above sea level. And they also have many
traditions, for example Ngaben. At last, the society are nice and friendly. These things
is unique in my opinion, and we can meet it in the Penglipuran village.
Religion/Belief
Religion Penglipuran villagers still follow the religion of their ancestors is an ancient
Balinese religion. In other words, means that the majority of them are Hindus. Thus,
they are still doing Hindu rituals such as Ngaben.

And including in their house construction, they still using the Hindu aspect. Although
the Penglipuran villages is currently modernizing the progress towards change but the
layout of housing in each family
still embraces the philosophy of
Tri Hita Karana. Which is a
philosophy of Hindu religion
which always maintain
harmonious relations between
man and man, man with the
environment, and human beings
One of the citizen house in Penglipuran village
with God. So, the shape of their
house can be a proof that their
belief or their religion is Hindu.

And also at the end of the big path in the middle, we can
find a Hindu temple which is still used by the society of
Penglipuran village. But maybe, it’s just a majority of
religion in Penglipuran. It is still possible that people
with religion other than Hindu could stay at Penglipuran
village. The Hindu ritual in Penglipuran village can be
read completely at the next two chapter.

The Hindu temple In Penglipuran >>

Economic activity
Most people's in Penglipuran village job are farming. Approximately 55% majority of
the society choose farming as their job. There are bamboo forests, agricultural crops,
dry crops like maize, cassava, coconut, coffee, chocolate, and others.

But it was only a majority of villagers Penglipuran. Of course not all of them do
farming activities.At this village, there is also people who choose breeding or ranch
as their work acties such as raising pigs, chickens, and cows. I even had time to see
directly the existing piggery or the Pig place in a villager's house Penglipuran.

The majority of Penglipuran village residents choose farming because the rainfall rate
in Penglipuran village is high enough, that is a factor that supports plant growth. So,
many people who choose to farm.

Besides that, there are also a few other jobs that may be only a small percentage of
people in Penglipuran village or approximately 45% of trade, craftsmen, working on
the ship, bamboo craftsmen, artisans who create unique Balinese souvenirs-souvenirs.
Then the rest or the others,work as civil servants.

Penglipuran village also has several economic

institutions such as Koperasi, Kecangan
Institution, and the Village Credit Institutions
(LPD).

<<One of the job in Penglipuran village

Religion rituals or activity
Their Religious ceremonies is the Padcayana ceremony. In language, Yadna mean
five and Padca means a holy victim / genuine. So that the meaning of Padcayana is
five ceremonies which is held at Village Penglipuran related offerings on the basis of
genuine motives. Here are five of the ceremonies:

1. Dewayadna, ceremonial offerings made to God Almighty

2. Desiyadna, ceremonial offerings made to a holy man and guru

3. Tritayadnya, ceremonial offerings made to the ancestral spirits (Ngaben)

4. Puntayadnya, ceremonial offerings made to the object (ogoh-ogoh)

5. Maksayadnya, ceremonial offerings made to the human or people (wedding)

The description of one of the religion ceremony conducted by the Penglipuran village
society which I note is Ngaben. As I mentioned earlier, one of the Ngaben purpose is
to purify the spirit or the soul of a dead person. If the spirit has not been purified, then
the spirit cant mingle with his family.

Many people think that Ngaben is identical to the burning of corpse. But in fact, it is
not true. The custom leader (ketua adat) said that, Ngaben ceremony can be done by
burying the person like an ordinary person in general. But it is true that actually most
of corpse which is Ngaben is burned. That's what makes it unique, a burning ritual of
a corpse. Other than to be able to mingle with his family, another goal of Ngaben is to
make a person's body or physical body decompose and back into its constituent
elements. His body will be decomposed by the soil.
Village settlement
This rural region has a regular arrangement of the traditional village structure, the
traditional order with lots of open space, blend with the parks of the society in Desa
Penglipuran which is still beautiful. As I said earlier also, the house neat and orderly.
All the homes look similar to each other. nothing too fancy or flashy. There were
about 75 yards in the village Penglipuran. There is a path that was in the middle, the
sides is filled with home of the residents in Penglipuran village. The path was like a
very long ladder which goes down. And also the material which build the citizen
house is uniform and similar to each other. It uses soil materials for the great wall
(Penyengker) and the gate of the house (angkul-angkul) and a roof of split bamboo
for the entire village buildings. Topography of the village is arranged in such a way in
which the main village in the region have higher position and it goes down, down,
and so on, until to the downstream areas.

The Penglipuran village applied Trimandala concept, which means three sections /
places. Thus, in this concept, a village or a temple is divided into three parts or
places.

1.Utama Mandala, which is situated in the most northern, the most sacred places
among other places. This place is sacred because it is used to place prayers

2.Madya Mandala, which is to shelter the villagers Penglipuran

3. Nista mandala, which places the lowest position since this place is the most un-
sacred places. Because this place is usually filled graves.
Protection to Globalization
The Penglipuran society doesn’t refuse cultures which doesn’t come from
Penglipuran village, but it doesn’t mean that Penglipuran village accepts and opened
to all of the foreign culture. The foreign culture that they don’t accept or they refuse
is the cultures which can or have a potential to harm or ruin the Penglipuran culture
or tradition.

So the point is, that the effect of foreign culture is allowed to come in to Penglipuran
village, at least it doesn’t harm the Penglipuran village culture or tradition. To keep
that and maintain the rule and also the effect of globalization, the society of
Penglipuran village do suppression and religious discussion to decide which ones
should be rejected, which can be preserved. With the discussion, opinion from many
people is gathered and so they can unite the village would be better for the future.

The globalization effect which has give

certain effects to the society of
Penglipuran village can be seen when I
came there. I see that some of them
already have a cellular phone. And I got
an information that there are a few people
in Desa Penglipuran already have
television.

Illustration of Globalization
Development plan
It seem that, in some time to come, or in the future, Penglipuran Village development
will not change significantly. Because, at this time, the settlement is full for about 10
hectares.

So it seems, it is difficult to be extended again. Maybe the change is only was just a
little added the houses and also repair the holy sites. Meanwhile, another
development that will continue to be cultivated from a variety of factors, such as
finance and wide area.

Penglipuran village, full of settlement and house

Personal Data
My name is Muhammad Fathin Juzar and I am 14 years old until now. I was born at 5
November 1995. My school is in Madania Progressive Indonesian school. Right now, I sit at
grade 8 junior high school. At April 2010, I visit Bali and this paper I wrote is about one place
out of many places I visit in Bali which is Penglipuran village.

Email: mfj_unknown@hotmail.com

I am standing at Desa Penglipuran

-End of paper-