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Jurnal Penelitian
Nama : Muhammad Haris
NIM : 1612070126
Nama Dosen : Eduardus Suharto, S.Pd., M.M.
Mata Kuliah : Metode Penelitian Bisnis
Kode : EKM3050
Program Studi : Ekstensi Manajemen
Kelas : C – 6507 (Kelas Karyawan)

Konsentrasi : Manajemen Keuangan

No. Penulis Judul Variabel Bebas Variabel Tetap R2 Hasil

1. Andreas Determinants of Bank  Equity over total assets
Dietrich, Profitability Before and  Cost-income ratio
Gabrielle During The Crisis :  Loan loss provisions
Wanzenried Evidence From over total loans
Switzerland  Yearly growth of
deposits
 Difference between
bank and market
growth of total loans
 Bank size
 Total interest income
over total income
 Funding costs
 Bank age
 Bank ownership
 Nationality
 Effective tax rate
 Return On -  The capital ratio, which is defined as
Average equity over total assets, does not
Assets have a significant impact on bank
(ROAA) profitability before the crisis.
 Net Profits  However, it has a negative and
Over Average significant effect on bank profitability
Total Equity as measured by ROAA during the
(ROAE) financial crisis 2007–2009.
 Net Interest  The coefficient of the cost-to-income
Margin (NIM) ratio, our operational efficiency
measure, is negative and highly
significant for all different time period.
 The loan loss provisions relative to
total loans ratio, which is a measure
of credit quality, do not have a
statistically significant effect on bank
profitability before the crisis.

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 Real GDP growth  The yearly growth of deposits has a
 Term structure of significant and negative impact on
interest rates bank profitability, and this effect is
 Herfindahl index mainly driven by the crisis years.
 As to bank size, which we track by
dummy variables, we find some
empirical evidence that larger and
smaller commercial banks were more
profitable than medium-sized banks
(reference category) before the crisis.
 Funding costs have a significantly
negative impact on the return on
assets before the crisis, i.e. banks that
raise cheaper funds are more
profitable.
 Our results regarding the impact of
ownership on profitability before the
crisis.
 The business cycle significantly
affects bank profits when considering
all years.
 Furthermore, the impact of the market
structure, approximated by the
Herfindahl index seems to have a
significant and positive effect on bank
profitability before the crisis, but not
thereafter.
 The ownership status (private or
state-owned banks) has no impact on
bank profitability when measured by
the ROAE.
 Furthermore, there is no significant
impact of the market structure,
approximated by the Herfindahl index,
on bank profitability before the crisis.

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2. Dennis Efficiency and Bank  Total Assets
Olson, Taisier Profitability in MENA  Total Net Loans
A. Zoubi Countries  Security Specialization
Ratio
 Deposit Specialization
Ratio Inefficiency Ratio
 Ratio of Overhead
 Ratio of Non-Interest
Bearing Assets to Total
Assets
 Labor Cost to Income
 Credit Risk
 Capital Strength
 Change of GDP
 Inflation Rate
 Concentration Ratio
 % Of Government
Ownership
 % Of Foreign
Ownership
 Dummy Variable Equal
to One if The Bank is
Islamic, Zero for
Conventional Banks
 Dummy Variable Equal
to One If the Bank Is in
A GCC Country, Zero
Otherwise
 Dummy Variable Equal
to One if Bank Shares
are Traded on A Stock
Exchange
 ROA  To ROA =  The inefficiency ratio (INEFF) is
 ROE 55,52% significantly negatively related to ROA
 Total Cost  To ROE = and ROE because higher costs
 Net Operating 48,09% reduce profitability.
Profit  The TYPE dummy variable is
positively related to ROA and ROE,
that Islamic banks are more profitable
than conventional banks, while a
positive sign for the TRADED variable
supports a priori expectations that
better-known banks traded on stock
exchanges earn greater profits than
other banks.
 Many remaining variables would be
significant, but are either co-linear
with listed variables, or their
significance is subsumed by the
variables in the selected model. For
example, the ratio of non-interest
bearing assets to total assets (NIBA)
is significantly negative, but it is
subsumed by LOANS. The factor
specific measures of inefficiency (LCI
and OVER) are subsumed by the
more general inefficiency ratio
(INEFF). The GCC dummy is
significantly positive, but subsumed
by a combination of TYPE, GOV, and
TRADED.
 Cost efficiency is not significant in
explaining ROA or ROE, but profit
efficiency is a highly significant
explanatory variable for both ROA
and ROE.
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3. Philip Determinants of  GOVT (NPBT = Net  For European banks we find a
Molyneux European bank  CONC profit before tax; statistically significant positive
profitability : A note  INT NPAT = Net profit relationship between return on capital
 MON after tax) and concentration and a positive
 CRTA  BTCR = NPBT relationship for nominal interest rates
 CBINVTA as percent of (which is used as a capital scarcity
 CPI capital and proxy variable).
 SE reserves  Unlike Short and Bourke, however,
 ATCR = NPAT who both find a statistically significant
as percent of inverse relationship between return
capital and on capital and government
reserves ownership, we find a statistically
 BTCRTB = significant positive relationship,
NPBT as suggesting that state-owned banks
percent of generate higher returns on capital
capital and than their private sector competitors.
reserves and  The results use asset-based returns
total and, in general, show that capital
borrowings ratios and nominal interest rates are
 BTTA = NPBT positively related to profitability.
as percent of  Government ownership also appears
total assets to have a positive impact on bank
 BTSETA = profitability relationship with
NPBT + staff profitability which is also to be
expenses as expected as liquidity holdings
percent of total (particularly those imposed by the
assets, authorities) represent a cost to the
 BTSEPLTA = bank.
NPAT + staff  Staff expenses indicate a strong
ex~nses + positive relation with before-tax return
provision for on assets.
loan losses as  Concentration shows a positive,
percent of total statistically significant correlation with
assets. pre-tax return on assets which is
consistent with the traditional

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 structure-conduct-performance
paradigm. When the value added
measure used to test for the expense
preference theory (BTSETA) is
introduced, we find a strong positive
relationship for the concentration
(CONC) variable.
4. Rajshree Bank–firm  Bank Influence  Profit -  Results suggest that the interest
Agarwal, Relationships, Financing  Debt  Cash Flow payments to debt ratio is significantly
Julie Ann and Firm Performance in  Debt to Equity Ratios  Ratio of higher for bank-influenced firms,
Elston Germany  Net of Interest Operating which supports the hypothesis that
 Sales Income to German universal banks may engage
 Growth in Sales Sales in rent-seeking activities and provides
 Interest Payments Over evidence of a conflicting interests
Debt Ratio between creditors and shareholders.
 In addition, the interest payment over
debt ratio is significantly higher for
bank-influenced firms.
 The bank-influence coefficient is large
and statistically significant only for
bank-debt indicating that bank-
influenced firms enjoy better access
to capital in the form of bank-debt.
 The coefficients on profits are large
and statistically significant, for the
leverage and bank-debt regressions,
indicating that the firm’s profitability is
positively related to leverage and
bank-debt.
 Cash flow, as expected, is negatively
related to all the debt ratios, and to
bank-debt in particular, as firms take
out debt to cover liquidity constraints.
 The interest payments are
significantly higher for bank-

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 influenced firms, even after they are
controlled for total debt.
5. Samy The Determinants of  OVERHEAD  NIM  To NIM =  Bank loans have a positive and
Bennaceur Commercial Bank  CAP  ROA 52,11% significant impact on the capacity of
and Interest Margin and  BLOAN  To ROA = Tunisian banks to generate interest
Mohamed Profitability : Evidence  NIBA 35,67% margins. The size has mostly
Goaied from Tunisia  LNSIZE negative and significant coefficients
 GROWTH on the bank profitability. This latter
 SBS result may simply reflect scale
 MCAP inefficiencies.
 RSIZE  The findings of this study revealed
that efficient expenses management
 CONC
was one of the most significant in
explaining high bank profitability.
 There is a positive and significant
coefficient on the overhead to assets
ratio variable (OVERHEAD) in the net
interest margin and ROA equations.
 In all net interest margin equation
specifications, we see that the
coefficient on bank loans (BLOAN) is
significant.
 The coefficient on economic growth
variable (GROWTH) is not significant
in all regressions.
 Turning to market concentration, we
see that the concentration ratio
(CONC) has a negative but
insignificant impact on net interest
margins and return on assets.
 Besides, we find that complete
interest liberalization enters positively
and significantly in the net interest
margin regressions, consistent with
the view that banks that are free to fix

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 their margin tend to profit from the
situation.
 Finally, the relationship between NIM
and state ownership variable (OWN)
is negative and significant meaning
that private owned banks generate
better margin that their state
counterparts. This result confirms the
supremacy of private banks in a
matter of performance which is a clear
signal to spur the privatization of state
owned banks.
6. Muhammad Pengaruh Kinerja  Capital Adequacy Ratio Return on Asset 99,11%  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian
Gufran Keuangan Terhadap (CAR) (ROA) diketahui bahwa secara parsial CAR,
Pribadi Profitabilitas Bank Islam  Financing to Deposit FDR dan BOPO masing-masing
Ratio (FDR) berpengaruh secara signifikan
 Biaya Operasional dan terhadap ROA.
Pendapatan Operasional  Secara simultan diketahui bahwa
(BOPO) keempat variabel bebas (CAR, FDR,
 Non Performing BOPO dan NPF) secara bersama-
Financing (NPF) sama berpengaruh signifikan
terhadap ROA.
7. Noor Cholis Pengaruh Kinerja  Financing to Deposit Profitabilitas -  Secara individual FDR, NPF dan
Ekonomi, Kinerja Ratio (FDR) (Ratio of Return BOPO tidak berpengaruh secara
Pengusaha dan  Non Performing on Asset (ROA)) signifikan terhadap profitabilitas
Efisiensi Terhadap Financing (NPF) (ROA) bank syariah.
Penurunan Profitabilitas  Biaya Operasional dan  Secara bersama-sama FDR, NPF
Industri Perbankan Pendapatan Operasional dan BOPO tidak berpengaruh secara
Syariah (BOPO) signifikan terhadap profitabilitas
(ROA) bank syariah.