ISBN 90-77275-51-7

lSI edition

Publisher: Van Wijgerden

Drawings: Rupert van der Linden

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 Workbook Step 5

--�

Name: Date of birth:

-----

Street: Place:

Club: Trainer:

st
1 step completed: 2nd step completed:

3rd 4th
step completed: step completed:
Material and time

Evaluating a position in tenns of material is easy. All you have to do is count: queen = 9 points, rook =

5 points, etc. Now that you have taken your chess skills to a higher level, you will find that this way of
evaluating positions is too simplistic. It is also important to take into account the dimension of time -
not the time on your clock, but the time on the board.

... �� ... 'iW X�

III .i li
Lead in development

...
In the position on the left,
" " White has a temporal advan- i-
, , , "
I' Itl , Itl , tage of three moves. White , , Itl
has already developed both Itl � �
� �� his bishops and he has
�
f1j f1j f1j� f1j
already castled.

�� ��� Badly positioned pieces

�� ���
II � II <it> II�II <it>
On the right, Black requires
two moves to bring the
knight on a5 back into play.

White not only has a slight lead in development, but he can also
exploit the poor position of Black's knight. The knight cannot
take part in the defence of the kingside. Many of White's pieces
are aimed at Black's king. The appropriate course of action is
therefore an attack on the king:
1. Qa4 (to the kingside with a gain of tempo) 1. b6 2. Qh4 h6
3. Bxh6 gxh6 4. Qxh6 Nb7 (there is no much else) s. NgS NcS 6.
•••

Bh7+ KhS 7. Bc2+ KgS S. Re3 and 9. Rg3. White has a clear
advantage on the kingside. The black knight was unable to join
the defences.

The following three positions have been taken from a game between Leo Kerkhoff and Eddie Scholl.
Kerkhoff cleverly exploits his lead in development while Scholl rather neglects to develop his pieces.
The first diagram arises after 1. e4 d6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nc3 g6 4. BgS c6 S. Be2 Nbd7 6. NfJ Qc7 7. Qd2
bS? (Black should have followed up with 7.... Bg7) .
The side with the temporal advantage should: • find concrete targets
• open up the position

.i ... *... .i *... .i

, \iW1tl" , " ,
" Itl , , ...
� 1tl'iW
�� �
f1j f1j �
���VJIi���� ���
II <it> II II
White opens up the position A bishop sacrifice that can­ The position has been
to get at the uncastled king. not be accepted. White wins opened up and Black has not
This is well worth a pawn: S. after 13. ... Qxf4 14. Qxf4 been able to develop his
eS dxeS 9. dxeS NxeS 10. Nxf4 15. Bxc6+ Bd7 16. pieces. The end is near. 16.
NxeS QxeS 11. 0-0-0 Be6 Rxd7. The game continued QxdS Qxf4+ 17. Kbl. Black
12. BfJ NdS 13. Bf4! 13 Qf6 14. BxdS BxdS
• .•. resigned. The position after
15. NxdS cxdS. 17. . . . f6 is hopeless.

2 Fifth step
Test Mix (4th step): A

.I � • J. .t. • .I • .! 'i!V� .! •
i i i i i i 'i!V � i i i i � .t. i i
iVi i i i .t. i
� Cjj i � � � i � �
'iV .t. � 'iW � VJH il. � �
� il. � il. Cjj �
� � � � � � il. � � � Cjj
� M !I M � CjjM �M il. M

B. � E 'i!V • * •

� i i .t. i i i i i
i 'iY � .I VJH .t. i i
� Cjj i i Cjj � i tv
� � i i il. � .t.
i .t. il.'iW � Cjj � �
�� � � � � � il. � � �
.! M M� M�

IS) .t. •
i tv � i .t. 'iV
i i i i J.
.t i � Cjj Cjj'i!V i
� Cjj � �
� VJH � � �
� �� �
� M �

KK* .1 .1 � • •

i i i i i i i �
i iM i i lS) i .t �
� 'iV M 4J
IS) � � il. 'iV � � .I
'iV � � � E
'¥If � � � � 4J � � �M �
M MM �

3
 B
( 4 th
Test Mix s te p ) :

� .i .,
ii.l �iii
� lLJi
fj
fj fj fjfj
.,t
1:[ iV fj
1:[ �

.I ., .! X *•
�i ii 1:[ i
i � in i i�
ii .i. fj 1:[
fj fjfjlLJ �
'Ii fj fj.i.
fjfjfj fj fj
� 'iV � .,t

.i.X!. • .! *•
� iii i � .i.
i.i. i .i. i
i iV i lLJi
fj fjlLJ i fjfj
fj fjfj fjfj fj lLJ �
fjfj
i 'iY
.,t .,tfj
1:[ � 1:[ 'iV 1:[ �

.i.. 'iV �
i .i i'it' i.i iV iV .I .i.
.,ti ii .i.i i � ii
.,t ifj .l fj .l
� fj
'iV fj 1:[ .,t fj
fj fjfj fj � fj fj fj
I ---
� : � 1:[ �

4 FiliI! step
Mate in two Getting the g uard: A

• K
� i K Xi
i i.t .t ittJ
<it>i£3J £3J i .t£3J* i
�i
.t •
i £3J
£3J £3J £3J £3J
�

£3J £3J £3J � £3J1

� �

�
• •

Ki i
�

i
ttJ

i £3J i �£3Ji £3J�

•

£3J £3J £3Ji

<it> £3J ttJ £3J
£3J
�
� � *
�

E • E • •

.! • •
� <it>i i i
£3Ji£3J £3J <it> £3J�
ttJ

£3J
�

£3J.t �
� � l::t

5
Mate Mate in three: A

.I • .1 •

i. i � 'iIV 'iWi.
.I i �
ilbi � �
� � �.i
� 'iV .I � �'iIV
� �
� � ��

• lb �.1 .I • .I .t •• .1
i.t'iV i �i�i ii ttJ iii
• IS

VJII�
�
�� ��� 'iV��� �� �
�� �� � Jl

• .I E � �
i .t ttJ ii .t �
i ttJ i � i .t i i'iV
i� .I i�i �i i
� � .t E.I � �
� �'iV ttJ
�� 'iIV � �� � Jl
Jl � � �

E .t � �E
iii .t. ii
•
ttJ . lb
'iV �

6 Fijih step
Mate Mate in the ending: A

'j

� I. !.
i
fj,
l2Jifj,i
� �
fj,
ldld i

i ii
.ii_ I.
�
i i
fj, fj, fj,
fj, � l2J
ld ld

7
Pawn ending Breakthrough: A

• " ,
fj �
� fj
fj fj �

fj

8 Fi/ih step
Pawn ending Key squares: A

9
Test Mix: C

ld • X • � X
,� �
.t , X ,� ,
.! , , '+W ,
� � .t �
� � � � � '+W iV � �
�� ��� �n� � n �
n� n

.! � •
� -*. , �
'+W , ,

� �
� � � �
� .t � � � � n � lLi'iW � � .t � '+W
n n� � � n

� � • �
" -*. � " " iV
iV � ,
-*. ,
, � .t �
, � � ' lLi
� � � lLi � -*. �
� � lLilU'+W � '+W � � � �
n n� n n � n

n � iV Xr@
, -*. � -*.'"

JIJ.'
, ,
� �
� �
� .t � it'
� � � lU � � � R� �
'+W n n� n �

10 Fi/ih step
The use of pawns

Pawns are important. They have a number of different functions:

1.1.1.
.1.

Protecting the castled king. Defending pieces, by cover­ Controlling squares, and
ing them (Nf6, Nc3) and thereby restricting the mobi­
shielding them off (Bd6) . l ity of enemy pieces.

In both diagrams the pawns

form a formation. We refer to
1.1.1. 1.1. this formation as the pawn
1.1. 1.1.1.
structure. I.
The pawn structure has not I. �
yet been full y determined. On
I. � �
the left, onl y the pawns on e4
and e5 are fixed.
�
On the right, the structure is
almost completely fixed.
l i'l i'l
� �

I
---

In those positions where

pawns can capture each other

I
1.1.1. 1.1.1. there is tension.
I.I. 1.1.1.
I. On the left, the pawns on d4 I.
I. and e5 are attacking each 1.1.
other; hence, there is tension
� � � �
in the centre. At right, there is
� tension in the cluster of �
� � � � � pawns on c4, d4, c5 and d5 . � � � � �
It is usually advantageous to
maintain the tension.

Demolishing the structure of

�
your opponent can give you
the advantage.
1.1. .il.l. On the left, Black demolishes
I. I. the white structure with 1. ...

� �
� � �
�
I b4. This move leaves White
with a weak doubled b-pawn.
On the other side White plays
l2J the strong 1. f5. On the right,
II 1. f6 demolishes the castled
king's protective pawn shield.
da,.\· lu/id Zl

" ��r MK: -- -�

'I L
v v
-

tf> V
-

V
�-

1 _ VI V' V'�
V V V \!:I
�

V \!:I V , . V V V � V
V
-I 1_'
j
'�
"
L

L�
_

•
,-

' ,
L , .,
.
., .,
-

-;
L I ,"_� hl.
'--

,� �[I , hl.
. • ! ' � I----''-

�C
-

�
f"
_'I."
� I
__

. " ' I •

�tf> tf>t[
VVV\!:IV V V V�
�
Aff.
. I :
� VV
J:r

V
-r

V V Aff.
� V V
., mr.
.,
�'
, ,
l
,"!' "---�, '

� T_:I I
.J.

VV\!:I' Vtf> V � tf>� V �

�V tf>\!:IV
V,
VV Aff. �
V , V
\!:I, V V
L
�
V, V
., L-l---r
:I

T'
1
-�

�, .,
_.

." '" , hl. ,•

� II
-1 .----,L-r

tf> V � , �
tf>\!:I V VV J:r

V
Vtf> ., V \!:I V�V
V VV V
V V\!:I 'iJ '
, V., -.
"
L----.J
.--

, ., I' ; ' "

IYlL..-'
r-
,
� �, '.T
l�1
-...-.-

, IX ., I" , I I

'd : �UnlOnJlS uMed u eld !UUI\I

Test Mix: D

J. * .X I. 'iV *
"''iW'1. '" , ,
" , t::,
t::, 1.
t::,CiJt::, , �
'if �t::, t::, 'if
I.
I
t::,t:t:
:, :, t::, t::, t::,t::,t::,
� � �� � �

x • •
1._
, , ,
'if "'�,
* ,�t::,
, ''if
t::, t::,
t::, ltJ t::,t::,t::,
I. �

x X • X .l.'iV X I. 1. •
" "' . , , I.,"
'" , ltJ" ltJ ,
it::, , ,� '"
t::, ltJ 'if
� t::,

I; �'if t::,t::,t::, t::,t::,t::, t::, t::,t:t:

:, :,
�� � � � � ��

.! • .!
1..
* 1.,
1. 'if • ' '''
1. t::, ltJ
t::, � , , �
t::, � t::, t::, �
'ift::, � t::, t::,'iV� 'ift::,t::,t::,
1: � �

13
Test Mix: E

• • • •
1..1. I..! 'if 1.. 'if '+lH
I. I. � IS) I. 'iV l2J1.
8 8 'iV 'iV I. � LS 1.8
8 8 8
� 8�
8 8 88 8
� �

.!i))
1.1.
. 1.
I.
I.
1. 1. 11
'if 1:fJ
1-'-1. � 1
J ,-

8
-r 8
'iW
888
� �

.i 1.. .I • •
1.1. i)) 'if 1.1.1.
I. I. IS)
.--t--+
I.
88 �
8 � 81:fJ �8
8 'iV 888 8
� �� � -
'------- -=----'-'---'-
-- --------
-=-- --'

.i.! �. .! • • .!
1.1. 1.1. .1.
'if I.
1.. 'iV .!
8 81..1:fJ8 8 8 'if
8 � 1:fJ 8 'iV � 1.. 8 � 1:fJ8i))
88 88 � � 1:fJ 8 8
� �� � �� 'iV � �

14 Fijih step
Pawn race
The march of passed pawns towards their promotion squares can be likened to a race. A lot of things can
happen during such a race.
The race in this diagram is not
very exciting. The white pawn
queens; the black pawn gets
no further than the 3rd rank: 1.
b6 g4 2. b7 g3 3. b8Q.
Another tie. This time there is
no X-ray check. Rather, Black
is mated: 1. e7 f2 2. e8D f1 Q
3. Qa4 mate.
White must be careful. After
l. Kb6 Black queens with
check. White must assist the
pawn by 1. Ka6 g2 2. c7 Kd7
3. Kb7.
Both pawns require a further
three moves. But note that
White will queen with check
on b8: 1. b6 g3 2. b7 g2 3.
b8D+.
A one-sided race. White's
pawn simply marches on, but
Black's pawn can be stopped.
Black's king is outside the
square of the pawn: 1. g6 d3
2. Kf3 and White wins.
Racing with 1. ... e5 is bad.
White will pick up the new
queen with Qf8+ and Qe8+.
Black should go after the a­
pawn with 1. ... Ke7.
Reaching the finish line at the
same time does not always
lead to a draw. Here White
has a winning X-ray check: I.
h7 b2 2. h8Q blQ 3. Dh7+.
White is ahead, but the black
king is inside the square of the
pawn. White can shield off
the king and win: 1. Kb5
Kd6 2. Kb6 Kd7 3. a6 Kc8
4. a7.
The white pawn is doomed
while the black pawn is free
to go. All the same, White can
draw with 1. Kti (threatening
2. e6) 1. ... Kxe5 2. Kg6.
15
Pawn ending Pawn ·race: A

16 Fifth step
Pawn ending Pawn race: B

17
<C � � <J � <J �
•
· 41' �Lli <J
i1 -aoI ..... 11 <J -Bn �' �. l <J -Bn •.<J -BnI
<J
�
..i
� "'J 1_
... 11 _L_
<J-Bn
I·
ill
J4I �
·

"'J_�..
_"'\_,
-Il"'?
1 "' [ <J �
<J
L. ' I
_

<J <J
r
_,

'5 -=] I-II---r -,-

I

-.:J
� II 1_ .! ... � <J
'

c L-' _ I _L !nI IJI:I] L_ L �

1 "' 111 1 <J ... '--' L <J

,

Q)
I , 1_

<J
L _

en l

r <J � 1."'1 I I
· , ,-----,

� �I� I <J

�'
L-

� � � L' <J
•

<J -tID
I' � L
[' <J
<J
141 [.fl 41L. <J -tID
• "'_11_ <J
_

3-
<J

- �
-Bn
_

� <J
-_-
-.�I

!lIlI)
t-- .-,,-----.--,.-

... c
<J

J
.,-r-

L-.:

<J !lIlI) ...1

<J -' <J
L

� r--I <J .

... L ...
•
.. _� •

� ...
L
. -,
<J

... . ] "'11
<J -Bn
J"'Gl
, I
<J "'l <J
..
...
<J-Bn
[ <J-Bn
� <J •
I •

<J <J-Bn
r�
L
<J Gl <J . 1
11_ � II
r � <J
�-+--f -aoI
� �
- r---.L-

I . �
.
�
- -.-lIlI r �III
!lIlI)
___ L I � r--l-
!
�41
r <J �
::]41.n[ 41 <J
,1-

I!!
o I
<J " <J
--

1 •n
-

-11 ./
<J
r.;i:' r:;ii . <J -
. ...1 L . <J 'I
' f 4l,
IJI:I] ... <J J �
Eliminating the defence Luring away + mate: A

X •
� I J. � •

�� " �I ,
, ,
l::.l::. �, � l::. �

I
l:t 'iV l::. l::.� '
� l::. �

�1
l::.l::. l::. l::.l::. l::.�l::. l::. 0Jl::.WJ1
l:tl:t � II � �

I .t. � .t.I • I .t. .X

, , , , " .t. , ,
, 'iV " �
'0J 'iV �0J l::.
l::.� l::.� l::.
0J �
l::.l::. X l::. � l::.l:Wi
:. l::.l:l:
:. :. l::.l::. II l::.l::.
� � l:t � l:t � l:t

.1* .I • .I � J:
� 0J , , " � , " .t.,
�l::. ' 'iV ' " ,
'iV 0J
'iW l::. � l::.
l::. l::. l::.
l::. l::.Wi l::.l::. l::.l::.l::. l::.l::.
� � � � II II

X X � • IX � •

'iV " , ,
, , , �
l::.' '¥j'
l::. 0J� � �
l::. � l::. l::. � l::.
l::.l::. � � l::.l:l:
:. :.
l:t � l:t 0Jl:t �

19
Discovered attack

A double attack can be set up with the help of five different types of preparatory move:
• luring • eliminating the defender • aiming
• chasing • clearing
The same types of preparatory move can be used to prepare a discovered attack. As you will probably
recall, a discovered attack requires the presence of a battery. In some positions, the battery may not yet
be effective or must first be set up. This is where the preparatory move comes in.

.I
.i.
This position does not contain
a battery yet. White sets up a
lethal battery with l . Qf2+.
The target piece (the queen
on d4) is already in place. It
does not matter how Black
gets out of check. On the next
move White gives check with
the rook and then picks up the
queen.
Preparatory move: aiming
.i.'¥lH
ii i�i
.Ii �i
..t
ltJ
� � �
�W/i �
� �
The battery Rd IIBd3 is in The battery on the d-file does
place. It is as yet ineffective, not yet work, since the rook is
since 1. Bxg6 Qxg6 does not obstructed by two of White's
give White anything. White pieces. White needs to play
must therefore chase away the two clearing moves. The best
knight on g6 with 1. h5. The method is 1. Bxb7 Bxb7 2.
knight is lost. If it moves Nf5+, winning the queen.
away, White will unleash the
battery with 2. Bh7+. Preparatory move: clearing
Preparatory move:
eliminating the defence

.I � .I
ii .i. i.i
�i
..tltJi
� ltJ
The battery on the c-file lacks
an attacking target. White can
lure the queen into the rook's
range with 1. Nc7, the point
being that l . ... Qxc7 is met by
2. Bf8+. If Black does not
take the knight, then White
will win the exchange.
Preparatory move: luring
I. • !.
ii .t. i
� i�
�
� ��
1d 1d �
The battery Bb3/Nc4 lacks an This position concludes our
attacking target. The front overview of preparatory
piece (the knight) can give moves. The back piece (Bb3)
check. What is needed is a and the front piece (Rc4) are
target for the back piece. We both ready. The back piece
can find one by chasing the has an obvious target (Qf7) .
rook to g8; White wins the But what about the target of
exchange after 1. Bg7 Rg8 2. the rook? Is it the king? No.
Nd 6+. Material? No. A square? Yes !
Preparatory move: chasing It is mate after 1. Rh4 Qe7 2.
Rxh7+ Kxh7 3. Qh4#.

20 Fifth step
Discovered attack Preparatory move: A

• • • E* •

t3J i ii i i
* l:t • .,ti iV
i i t3J�i
0J E
t3J � l:t t3J t3J t3J
� i t3J 'i¥ • t3J
� �

.i..r@ • J: • .i.. E .i..� •

ii i 'i¥ iii i 'lW .i.. K
'i¥ i
-

i i • �i iii
i 0J t3J.
• t3J 'lW .,t .,t
t3J t3J 0J 'iV t3J
t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J t3J
l:t .,t <;it nn <;it <;it k!

X • .i.. X. � .i.. .i. .I. I.� •

iii iii 'iV iii ii iii

1- i • i 'iV .iV
'i¥ .,t 0J.t3J
t3Jl:t 0J
0J 0J t3J t3J t3J iV t3J t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3J
t3Jt3J t3Jt3J .,t t3Jt3J � t3J
l:t � � l:t .,t 1:. � 1:. 1:.

I. • @l I. • I. • I. 1- I. •
I

ii ii ii ii ii i�i
t3J 'if 1- 'iVi
i0J i i
t3J � 1- 'i¥ •
t3J � t3J 0J
.,t t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3J t3J�.,tt3Jt3Jt3J
� � � n 1:. n �

21
Discovered attack Preparatory move: B

K • K K .t'YAVJ: • I.'YWK � •
• -t. • • • -t.. .t .-t..
. � . • � .- .. . .. -
� • • • .t2J .
'YW � � � t2J • � ���
t2J.t .t� �� � 'if t2J�
��� �� �.t� �.t .t
� � <;t � � <;t � � <;t

K 'YW K. • K K�
•.t •• 'YAVK�.t •• • � •••
.1&. -t. • • �. .� .t •
'if •
• t2J � � �
�.t t2J �� � � 'YW.t.t� �
�� ��� .t � � � �
� l:i <;t I <;t n I:t<;t

KK*, • I
K .-t. X X I. • .t
• • •
.t'YAV • •• -t.•• •
• • • • � • • � ••.t
• .-t. • .� � .
• .t
t2J � � t2J t2J �
��� �.t� �� ��
� � <;t � 'ii �.t<;t

K.I� • I. .i..
••• 'YW-t.•• J. 'YAV • • 'iW-t.•••
• • • •
• � .i. • .t� t2J
� � 'if .t
�.t� � � �
� <;t � kt <;t � �� � ���
1:Ikt .t�.t.l -llkt - <;t

22 Fijil! step
Double attack Discovered attack: A

J: 1d • 1Il.l
.I. .i.*' *'.1
, 'iV' , "�A , � 'Ill
, , 'IV " .i.1.
� , ,� ,
ttJ �1. � � '8
� � .i. � .IttJ�1. � .i.
�� � � � � ttJ���
�� .i. � � � �

1.1. .1* .I � • .I !:*

, � " , 1. , J. , ,� ,
, , , !: , , '1. '.i.
III , ttJ " .i.'�' � ttJ
� � � � � �
8.i. 8 � � �
��'JjJj �� �� tt �� �8
tttt� 1d � tt �

g 1Il� .I .i. .I Ill. • •

" " , ,
" �ttJ, , �, �
� � , � �
�� .I
� ttJ .i.� �
tt ��� �� ��
� � � ��

J. !: *
, , 'iW'
, ,ttJ,1.
� ,

23
Double attack Discovered attack: B

.I *d� .I • .I .1*
ii ..t. i ii� ii i i ..t.iii
i �i i ..t. i � .!
i i t3J ��
iV itI .: Cfj
Cfj�t3J t3J � t3J t3J
t3J� t3Jt3Jt3J t3J t3Jt3J �t3J Cfj t3Jt3J
.: .: � iV � .: iV �

.! • .i .!� • .I .! �
ii t3Ji � iii i ��iii
i i .:itli �i i
itI iCfji t3J �
\\W t3J itI i lai �
t3J Cfj t3J t3J Cfj
t3J iV t3Jt3J t3Jt3J iVt3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J
.: � .: � .J:I
I �

� • • .i .i • • .i ..t..I •
i i iiV i ii i ..t. iii
� i � i�
� i ..t. i
t3Jt3J i t3JWJj
t3J t3J t3J t3J t3J Cfj� t3J
t3J .: � t3Jt3J Cfj�t3J'YWt3J � iVt3J t3J
.I � .: .: .: :�

.I • • !
..1 'YW !. •
i'YW ii i�.i ii i ii
i i � i ��
i�i� .: i
.:� ..t. t3J t3Jt3Ji
t3J t3Jt3J t3J iV t3J iVCfj t3J
� t3Jt3J t3J t3Jt3J t3J�.1 ��
.: <;t> � .: .:

24 Fi/ill step
Pin Preparatory move: A

E :!� .I .,
1.1.'iV 1.1.1. 1.1.1. .t. tf
I. I. • .t. I. I. I.
I. ltJ �I.� �
�� ��'YJJf � �
�ltJ'iV� 'fI�� 1:t 1:t �
� ��� �� ��
1:t � 1:t �

*K •
t.l*
.i
I. I. I. I. 'it' 1.1.
.t.'iV I. I. �I..t.
I. ll ��--I. I.� � I. .i
� 1.1:t � �
ltJ 1:t � .I� �'YJJf �� 1:t �
�� ��� � � 'fI�
� 1:t �

• • .i .t. •
tfl. I. I.i-I. I.
'iV 1tI .t. I. I. 'iV I.i
�I. ltJ'fI .t. I.�I.I.
'fI � � � ItI
� � 'iV� ltJ � � 'fI� ��
�� � �1:t � ��
1:t � � g �

I: .t. .!. • .i •

�I. l.
I. i -- 1..1 i.
ItI ItI iltll.'iV i
.t. � � I. I.
r..--

� � , L._ r-- ltJ

llitl �I. � � �
-
� ltJ� � �
�� �'fIltJ���� � �
� � � �� �

25
 .
<J <J . - "'LLL_ ' <J � <J Gl �
�.------�
m _',_lj' .... t-+ ... � ...
[Gl ..go �,__1 <J Gl <J iJJ ... L <J
' '

�
���
a; -II � �
<J <J <J
�

� � -t1..t]
, Gl
-ani in
�
-ani ... -ani ... r
<J , -col r <J
1

�
·�I
-

E
= �-I r-' J
- -'

.£ri
<J
L

I� � L, '"
" � '- � Gl � � L--J

...
�
,

-ani -T- �
<J � <J
_,

� l Gl
�

; [ -ani �: LJL
l r

L <J <J <J L I

-Gil
r - � <J
_

� _.
I,�. rl_ _ iT -;"'L
L---1'" _,

I
I '�I r <J <J � <J 1 n I . �
as
i
.... ' �
rl ... r
_

... .u
D.
�

<J ' �"'L � <J <J ' ... U U <J I

•
iJJ'" il ...
� <J � � ..go � ... r-i [ <J ..go
I •
i ,
� � ., ... �
<J <J II �
..

<J
�l-J . ... . <J
_ Gl .1 L_ !lJJ]
... .
1

-ani
- - <J � L"'L <J �
... J:O _, 1

-ani'"
<J �
., .-- � .
... � ...
<J '" <J � , �II '" <J
L

� Gl <J
� �� � Gl �
[
t f
-----, �

-ani � -ani
--,

�L
-ani .
<J ..go- T � <J
� -

1 r <J - 1 ... <J n , l ... � <J

... , , . l "'
,

I '" i
J L

• ilI1Il �

<J ..go �i <J Gl <J ..go . ' , , <J -ani � .... <J l ..go
•

1_
t J 1 1_ l �
<J � ... <J . , ... -
II � �
- I
'---l-
I
"'-GiI ...
--wi - [ -ani --"_L . . L <J
I
_..., L-J

L
_: L � II - . ... C
... 1 �
---: II -cui II
�
J Gl <J 11 ... [... <J J .
.J '--_

L �
�
II
�
�
L <J
�
� II
� - 8J
[..tl l <J l

' ... 11 ... [ <J �

�
__

'l ... '! r <J n n 1 • l <J..go -n I' <J

"'
-

c L- " .
... !
_ L-.J

Ii: � ----- ----

10
N
Test Mix: F

*
1. :
. � .
l2J . 1. .
� �
��
�W1I � �

.i .I • • .I " iV.1. X
iV" . 1.. ••• •••
• • • • •
• ..� 1.
� � "
� ��l2J � l2J l2J
� l2J � � 'iV �� � ���� ���
la l2J � la la � � la ��� � la

.I "iV "
1. *
• • • la
�. �. .
�. � �
� ��l2J
�� �

.I " * •

• • • ••
• iV.* iV •
•
'iV .� 1. .
� .�l2J� � "
�� � la �
� -
��� � �WiI �� �
la la � la �

27
 da/.\· If/lid 8Z

, ,
CP:
-L,
� 'W
cp cp
L I ,
,� : � rvrv �
r-i
rv
, rv IJl rv rv rv
II [T
: IJl
I
rv rv
IJl ' rv Aff.
L J

� 0
�

rvrv rv L rv

�L ..
�

1: � II '
l, rv
� _L-,"" , rv ,
T'" , �[ +' rv • ,
t... . -'

" [!J C '

1. _ I •

II C
m' , 'W
h1\ I
Ii n n
_

', L- , ,
.

.1 � 'I -! • - � :I - :I I � :I

,
CP: l:l : cp cp : :
'
" L_I :
rv 'Wrv rv rv � rv
-
r
rv rv rvrvrv
l_L
_' L-

rv 1$
L -

rv'Wrv IJl l [�
I
L

rv ,!
_ L- �-,
.
lJl � rv rv . rv
, rv

,. ,-r, T'
-'- -r-=-ll.

" ,
.. "1--=-

Aif. T 1:1 l:i -r , '" I 'i

CP: � CP: �
rv rv rv �1 rvrv rv
:
cp 'W :
rv
•• L

IJl rv 'W � rv l:l

I
_,L-
rv IJlrv rv'W rv rv rv rv
rv rv '-, I.�
' L-"
'
T
T
L 1. __

� 't
T,- , � [Y
I�' !'
T.I'I
, .--, �. �
1 .:1 I :I

� L : - - ' CP: J 1- CP:

rv II L I
' ..! :
rv 'Wrvrv ' 'W rv:
rv ,� ,- rv rvrvlJl .J 1Jl �
rv
Trv .J J. L
�_ -
rv ;!
• 1$ rv
[ T T,
rv , �

0 . T.- ,
_

'W ,r" , � !'

, -, � �
__

�' r
�

, ' , , ,
• . , 'i . 0 . :I !' I .- .:1

9 : XUI\I �sa.l
Rook against pawn

The struggle between rook and pawn is tense if the king of the side with the rook is not too close by. If
the following principles are correctly applied, this type of ending can be played correctly.

The win is easy if the king of the

side with the rook is inside the
square of the pawn and can
approach it unhindered. On the
left, White picks up the pawn
after 1. Kc3 e3 2. Kd3.
The side with the pawn has an
easy draw if the enemy king is too
far away. At right, Black draws
after 1. Kb6 e2 2. Kc5 Kfl.

Strategy for the rook side:

The king must approach the pawn
from the side opposite to the ene­
my king. Thus, on the left White
plays 1. Kc6 c3 2. Kb5 Kd3 3.
Kb4 c2 4. Kb3. On the right, the
king is unable to approach, so the
rook side must drive away the
enemy king: 1. Ra2+ KO 2.Ra8
e3 3.Rf8+ Ke2 4. Kg2 Not I.
Ra8 e3 2. Rf8+ Kgl. Kgl.

The king is on the right side, but

approaching the pawn directly
does not work: 1. Kf7 e4 2. Kf6
e3 3. Kf5 e2 4. Kf4 Kd3 5. Kf3
Kd2. The rook is misplaced.
Correct is 1. Rd1+ Kc3 2. ReI
Kd4 3. Kti and White is in time.
The diagram on the right shows
that cutting off the enemy king
h
on the 5t rank or higher is always
winning: 1. Rf5 d3 2. RO.

Strategy for the pawn side:

Shielding off and advancing the
pawn is all the pawn side can do.
The former is usually better than
the latter. On the left, Black
draws with 1 Kf4. He is lost
after I .. Kf2 2. Ke4 g3 3. Ra2+.
• •••

On the right, I . . .. d3 loses. The

. .

right method is 1.Kd3 2. Kb5

•..

Kc3 3. Rc8+ Kb3 4. Rd8 Kc3.

29
Endgame Rook against pawn: A

30 Fijil! step
Endgame Rook against pawn: B

31
Strong square

A square is strong if: • it cannot be controlled by one of the opponent's pawns;

• it is, or can be, occupied by one of your own pieces.
Strong squares are significant only if they are on or close to the part of the board where the action
takes place. The battle for strong squares includes the following elements:

Creating a strong square .! E�

With 1. c4 White gains control
of the square d5. This square
ii iii
cannot be controlled by any of i �1..
the black pawns. i
tjj 8
On the right, White can create a
strong square on d5 by taking
tjj
on d6. The c7-pawn can then 888 888
no longer control d5. .:1 .:1 �

The route to a strong square .!

On the left Nd7 is better off on
the strong square d4. This can
be achieved with Nb8-c6-d4 or,
even better, with gain of tem­
po: Nd7-c5-e6.
White is down an exchange but
has compensation in the form
of a strong square on c4. He
can reach c4 by 1. Nd2. Note
the function of the pawn on a5.

.I. .. *' Eliminating the defender

.t
On the left White cannot
i ii occupy d5, since it is pro­
iii � tected by the c6-pawn. White
i can exchange this pawn with
1. b5, securing d5.
888 8
tjj8� On the right, Black can elimi­
nate the defender of d4 by 1 .

••• Bg4 and 2 • ••. Bxf3.

Denying your opponent a .! !.�

strong square
� ii On the left, Black threatens to
ii 1..iii
i � occupy a strong square with 1. �i 1..
8i ... Nd7 and 2. ... Nc5. Hence, � i
White must play 1. Bh3.
8 8 tjj 8
On the right, White threatens
8 �� 8 to play his knight to d5. Black
tjj88
�8 can prevent this with 1. a6 •••

2. Bxc6 (otherwise 2.... b5).

Black conquers d5.

32 Fifth step
Strategy Strong square: A

I- I. � * • I. .t. . I- .I � •
,.I. , , , ''ii' ,.t. ,
, .t. , , , ,
, fj, ,fj
fj fj Cjj fjJl.
fjCjj fj fj Cjj fj fj
fjfj fjJl.fj fj Jl. fj fjW;j fjfj
n n � Jl.n nll �

, �.--�

• .I l- • .I So • •

'ii' .t. " , .t. " ,

, .t. , � ''ii' , �
, ,fjJl. , 'fj�
fj fj
fj Jl.Cjj� Cjj
fjfj fjfjfj fjfj fjfjfj'W/ fj fj
Cjj.a: � n.a: � nn �

* • .I.t. .I
, , �� *
, n .t. ,
� fj , , ,
.I Jl. ,fj
Cjj fj fjVjjj fj Cjj
'Wifjfj � � fjfj
n l:t �

33
Eliminating the defence Luring away + mate: B

K .I *' � • .I @> .I
, , � , , A , ,
' 'iV A " ' 8 ' 'iV
tD , , ,� �
8 8 ,
8 l:t 8 8 & 'iV 8 � �
8 8 8 'iV la 8 8 8 8 8 8
la � tD la �

.I .I *' • •
�
, I. ' 'iV " I. I. .
�\ ,
8
'iV & 8 8 8 8 � -*. 8
8 �� 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 � 8 8 'iV
� tD � la � � � n �

'iV A 'iV • K • .i @
� , .i.. , I. , I. ,
, & .i..
, I. *' ,
8 8 8 � ,
' 'iV � 8 & 8 'lW � 8 8 �
8 'lW 8 � 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
:t tD � tD tt kI kt �

.I .I ., • .I • K !I �
I. , , , � .i.. � ' , I.
, , la tD
� ' 8 , tD
, , kI '
8 kI
8 8 8
�
�
�
� 8 8 8 8
kI ��
.l.-......-.t
' � 'iV 8

34 Fi/ih step
Test Mix: H

K !. �- •- � .t. I.
, �
' " 'Y1V , "
, � � 'iV , ltJ �
' � � � iV � � 'lW tjj
� � tjj � � tjj
� � � � � � � � � � � 'lW � � �
.&t .&t � .&t � .&t � .&t �

� .t. � •
.&t , .t. " ,
, ,� ,
, � � 'Y1V � �
� � � .&t �
� � � �
� � 'V)JJ � � � � �
.t. X .&t � �

� .I -
.t. "
,
tjj � L_, .._+_
� il.
.t �

I
� � � �
L-.�
.. -----'-- .&t
-= �

35
Defending

The following 9 positions contain examples of various defensive strategies. These include defending
against mate, the loss of material and pawn promotion. We recommend that you study them well !

I. .i •
1t\ , � 'YW ,
----'---
--! .,---,<--
---
"
- ,----,'---'"-i-
�

White threatens mate on g7. White threatens mate on e8. Black survives with the help
Black cannot protect g7, but Black can protect e8 by of a pin and an in-between
he can save himself with a means of a double attack: 1. move: 1. ... Qt7 2. Rxt7
counter pin : 1. ... Df4 2. ..• Rh4+ 2. Kg3 Rh8. Rxdl +.
Dxf4 Bxe5.

.i. 'iV •
. , , I. " 1:. .i. ,
, .i. , 'iV "-..----- �
, t::,
1:. t::, t::,
t::, �
t::, t::, �

Black can escape the X-ray .

Sadly, I ... Kf8 2. Rxe7 Dxe7
attack with a gain of tempo: 3. Dxc8+ fails. The double
I • ••• Rc4 2. Rxc4 Rd8+ (a attack can be avoided by
check in-between) 3. bxc4. trapping the rook: I Qt7
2. Rxe7 Qxe6+ 3. Rxe6 Kt7.
• •••
Black's gamble 1. .•• e2 ( 1. ...
Bf6 ! ) paid off; after 2. fxe7
Bd4+ White resigned. White
could have won with 3. Ne3!

The rook is safe. (X-ray protection of fl )

Black counterattacks. Is there The c-pawn cannot be won The knight can cover fl with
a better move than I. Qd2? without losing material, but a gain of tempo: 1. KaJ ! b5
There is ! 1. Qxh7+ Kxh7 2. the new queen can. After I. 2. b4+ Kb6 3. Nd5+ Kc6 4.
Rxd4, and 2 Nc2 is met
• ••• BaJ cl Q 2. Rxb2 White wins Ne3 winning. The passed
by 3. Be4+. White remains with a discovered attack. pawn is stopped with the
an exchange up. help of a double attack.
36 Fifth step
Defending Defending against mate: A

• • .I *' •

� i .t. i
i ii. �
� tlJ
� � � � � �
.t. � 'i¥ .i � � i
ii. � � � � 'i¥
� � � �

�
� �* •
� 'if l. .i . •

i i i l. .t. i i
ii. .t. • i
� � � i
� � �
tlJ ii.
� � � � � � � �
tlJ � 'if � � � �

� �* •
., •

i i i i i
.I i � i � ii.
.i � 1.
� i � 'if
ii. � � � � �
ii. � � 'if � � �
� 'iV � � �

•
� * • •
• .i •

i � i i 'if .i � � i
.t. i tlJ � �

tlJ � tlJ
� �
� � � �
tlJ �

37
Defending Defending against a passed pawn : A

{jj .t •

I- £!J • � �
i i

� £!J �
�
i £!J
� 1:I

*
i {jj �
i
�
i {jj �
£!J £!J
�

38 Fijih step
6£

\l \l -",-� ·;'- l \l
� l:r 1f 11 tI CP l:t
\l 1f \?( \l \l \l \l \l
\l \l \l \?( � \l . 1f
\?( � \l \l \l \?( \l
., - ry �
• ., .,
.,
T
., ., • .11m . .,
L...- � __

, 1

• T I: :I
•

-g
., � ...J

� l:r , L cp . J tI tI cp l:r _ U� 1f
J \l \l \l 1
-l '

\l \l \l 1 \l \l \l \l
\l 1f � _,-- J_ \?(
1

.. L.._._
_ \?( ;J ' \l
� \l
.11m :� •
LI .' -., r� �
1-

j . L:
, �
., . ., �
., .
11 ., . 1•. • . .!It. �., -g T
. :1 II • I fM.
-'- .- -

• 1: . . T :I �

l:r cp . l:r � l:r

� � \l 1f \l � \l
\l 1f \l \l \?( \l 'W \?(
\l \l \l

., . T 'I
.,
., ., .11m ., - .,
T :I •
L

• :1 .

L l:r 1I l:r
1
� cp
\l \l I . \l \l \l \l
\l \l
\l
� � . : ., \l .,
' 1f ., 1f • .,
., ., .- .,
-..

� ,- .- Aft. T
r :l
I

• I I I I I • :I • J:
1

V : Sle a J 4 l lSUle 6 e 6 UIP u alaa 6u IP u alaa

Eliminating the defence Mix: A

K 'iV tf •
' 'iV '" , I. ,
' llJ , .t. " � ,
.t. llJ ' �
� , � � 'iV � �
� � 'itV � � llJ � �
� � � � � 'iV � .!
� � l:t � l:t �

X x . .t. x x @>
I. '" .t. , I. , ,
, , 'itV , , 'itV �
� , , I.
� � , �
� � � .t. 'iV llJ �
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40 Fi/ih step
Rook ending
Rook endings occur quite often. It is therefore important to be able to recognize winning and drawn
positions. In each of the following positions White is a pawn up. In some cases this is sufficient to win
the game, but not in others.
The black king is in front of
the pawn. This is the best
spot for a defending king.
All the black rook needs to
do is switch back and forth
on the 6th rank until the pawn
reaches e6. Then the rook
must be played to the I st rank
to give checks ' from behind':
1 . ... Ra6 2. e5 Rb6 3. Ra7
Re6 4. e6 Re I 5. Kf6 Rf1+.
Black continues to give check
or else wins the pawn. Draw.
The defending king is cut
off. This costs Black half a
point. White wins with 1 .
Re1 + Kd7 2. Re4! (a move
to remember ! ) 2 Rhl 3.
• .•.
Kf7 Rf1+ 4. Kg6 Rg1 + 5.
Kf6 Rf1+ 6. Kg5 Rg1 + 7.
Rg4. This winning method is
called building a bridge.
White cannot make any pro­
gress without 2. Re4. 2. Kf7 is
met by 2. ... Rt2+ 3. Kg6 Rg2+
4. Kf6 Rt2+ S. KeS Rg2 and
the king is forced to retreat.
A similar situation, but much
less favourable for Black,
whose pieces are restricted to
the back rank. Since the rook
is tied, the defensive method
as illustrated in the previous
example is not available.
White has an easy win; after
1 . Rg7+ Kf8 2. Rh7 Kg8 3.
f7+ KfS 4. Rh8+ he nets the
black rook with an X-ray
check.
The distance between king
and enemy rook is an impor­
tant factor in rook endings.
The more distant the check,
the more effective it is. In
this position the distance is
too small. After 1 . ... Rg7+ 2.
Ke8 Rg8+ 3. Kf7 Rh8 (3. ...
Rd8 4. Ke 7 ) 4. Rhl Rd8 5.
Ke7. Although 4 • ••. Rxhl is
better, Black will still draw
the short straw after 5. d8Q.
This position differs from the
previous one in one crucial
respect: the kings and pawn
have been moved one file to
the right. This one file means
the difference between a win
and a draw. After 1 . Rh7+
Kg8 2. Rg7+ Kh8 the board
turns out to be too small, and
thus White is unable to win.
There is not enough room for
the white rook to the right of
the king.
Here the distance between
the white king and the black
rook is sufficiently large for
a draw. If Black keeps giving
check, he can obtain a draw :
1 . ... Rh7+ 2. Ke6 Rh6+ 3.
Ke5 (3. KfS Rd6) 3 Rh5+
• .•.
4. Ke4 Rh4+ 5. Kd3 Rh8
and Black wins the pawn. It
is important that in this type
of positions the defending
king is on the 7th rank, and
not on the 8th rank.
41
Rook ending Mate: A

• �
, I. .
n I. �
8 ,
E

42 Filih Sll!fI
Rook ending X-ray check: A
•

43
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_
O pen file

Files without pawns are called open files. Open files can be used to invade the opponent's position.
Such an invasion is most effective on the ih rank, since this is where most of the opponent's pawns are
positioned. Using an open file involves four different, but related aspects :
� opening a file
� using an outpost
;.. gaining control of an open file
;.> preventing the opponent from using an open file

I. *
, I. , ,
, ,

� ��
,

� ��
� �
n
Opening a file
White opens the d-file by 1 .
dxe5, thereby undoubling
Black's f-pawns. The first is
more important, since White
can occupy the open file.
A fter I . . . • fxe5 2. Rd I the
rook can go to d7. We know
from the lesson on the
rank that the rook is very
active there.
Opening a file
Although White can open the
a-file with I . axb6, he cannot
actually conquer it. The right
strategy in this position is to
wait. White should first play
1. Ra3 and 2. Rea l and only
then take on b6. Black will
ih then have to give up the a­
file.
Using an outpost
White cannot gain control of
the c-file immediately. He
must threaten to double his
rooks WIth I . ReS . Black now
faces an unpleasant choice.
After 1. • • • Rxc5 2. dxc5
White gets a protected passed
c-pawn, while Black is left
with a vulnerable pawn on
d5 . If Black does not take, he
will lose control of the c- fiIe.

I. 1. * X .! * i. E
' *
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, ,
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� � � �
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� �

-
� �
- -

Take control of an open file

� ��
In this position White and
Black are both controlling
the d-file. White can chase
away the black rook with 1 .
8f6. White gains control of
the d-fiIe, regardless of
whether Black takes on d J or
l::t
�
Preventing the opponent
from using an open file
It would appear as though
White is controlling the d­
file. Black is unable to
oppose rooks. However, he
can make sure that the white
l �
Preventing the opponent
from using an open file
Black must prevent the white
rook from invading the ih
rank. Exchanging on d4 does
not help; rather, Black must
create an outpost with I
Rd5. After 2 . Rxd5 exd5 3.
• .•.

rooks will not invade his

moves away his rook. position. Black can seal off ReI Kf6 th e white rooks are
the d-file with 1. ... Nd5 . effectively harmless.

46
Strategy O pen file: A

.I •

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Itl i ii
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47
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49
Draw
In bad positions you can try to play for a draw. This can be achieved by forcing stalemate or by
making sure that your opponent is left with insufficient material to win.
Forcing stalemate
When your own king cannot
play anymore, the strategy to
force stalemate is simple: give
away your last pieces.
On the left, White gives away
his pawns: 1. d8Q+ Kxd8 2.
c7+ and Black is forced to
take the pawn now or on the
next move.
On the right, Black gives up
his rook: 1. ... Rg2+ 2. Kh3
Rg3+. If White takes, it is
stalemate. Black has what is
called a ' rampant rook'.
Mate is no longer possible
Winning with a knight alone
is impossible. All White has
to do is get the black a-pawn.
After 1. Kb3 Nc1 + 2. Ka4
White wins the a-pawn or is
stalemated after 2. ... Kb6.
On the right, White is after the
f-pawn. He can obtain a draw
with 1 . Ne7 f4 2. Ng6 f3 3.
Ne5 f2 4. Ng4 fl Q (4 . ... fi N
5. Nf6 ! ) 5. Ne3+.
50
The king can still play
The black bishop can take the
queen, but the retulting pawn
ending is totally lost. Again,
Black can save himself by
stalemating his king.
After 1. ... Kh8 White has
nothing better than 2. Qxti
(after a king move Black
would be winning ! ) and
Black is stalemated.
The pawn has advanced too
far
In both parts a 4-point mate­
rial plus does not suffice for a
win. On the left, the black
king is trapped after 1. Kc 1 .
The knight is unable to chase
the king away from both c 1
and c2. On the right, Black
keeps moving his king from
g7 to h8 and back. White
must lose the h-pawn or allow
stalemate.
A piece can still play
On the left, Black can still
play with his king, his queen,
and his a-pawn. However, he
can obtain a draw with 1 . ...
Qa3+. If the queen is taken,
the pawn on a3 blocks the a­
pawn and takes away b4 for
the king. After 2. bxa3 b2+
Black escapes with a draw.
On the right, the g-pawn is
pinned. White can save
himself with the strong 1 .
Qf4+. After 1 . ... Qxf4 it is
stalemate.
Insufficient material plus
Being an exchange up in the
absence of pawns is usually
insufficient for a win. On the
left, White obtains a draw
after 1 . Nb6+ Kb7 2. Nc4 and
3. Nxa3.
On the right, White wins the
h-pawn after 1. Bh4 Kg6 2.
Bg3 Kg5 3. Kxh3. With
correct play, Black 's material
plus is insufficient.
Fifth step
D raw Stalemate: A

51
Draw Insufficient material: A

• •

52 Fifth step
The wrong bishop

Suppose that your opponent has only his king left. You still have material on the board, but, unfortunately,
you are unable to give mate. This is the case when you have a knight, a bishop or a pair of knights (a six­
point plus ! ) . Tough luck ! Under very special circumstances, the combination of a bishop and a pawn is
also insufficient to win the game. In such cases we call the bishop the wrong bishop.

On the left, the side with bishop

and pawn has an easy win. For
instance: 1. a6 Kb8 2. Kb6 Ka8
3. Be4+ Kb8 4. a7+.
On the right, we have a similar
position, but a quite different
result! The bishop and the comer
square do not have the same
colour. After 1. h6 Kh8 2. Kg6
Kg8 3. h7+ or 3. Bb3+ Black is
stalemated.

A bishop whose colour is different

from that of the comer square is a
' wrong bishop'. If the defending
side has his king in the comer or
within reach of the comer, the
game will end in a draw. On the
left, this is not the case. The
pawn marches on after 1 . Bb4
Kb3 2. Kb5. On the right, the
king cannot reach a8: 1. Kd5 Kd7
2. Bf4! Ke8 4. Ke6. White wins.

'-
1 On the left, the combined force of
bishop and pawn denies the black
king access to the comer. Black is
helpless after t . ... Ke8 2. Kb2.
The same is true on the right of the
diagram. Here 1 . Kh2 Ke7 2. h7
wraps up.
On the right, assistance of the king
is required: 1 . Bh7! Kf6 2. Kf4
Kf7 3. Kf5 KfS 4. Kf6 winning.

In the final two positions the de­

fending king manages to reach the
comer.
On the left, Black salvages a draw
with 1. ... Ke4 (and not 1. . . . Kf4
2. Kd4) 2. h5 Ke5, and Black is
en route to the sanctuary on h8.
The correct move on the right is
1. ... Ke7. Bad is I . . . . Ke8? 2.
Bd5 Ke7 3. Kg5 , and the king
will not reach the comer.
53
Endgame Wrong bishop : A

,
..t

54 Fifth step
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55
Test Mix: L

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Learning chess Step by Step

The Step by Step learning system is an officially acknowledged method by the Dutch Chess
Federation. It has been successfully adopted by the majority of chess clubs and schools in the
Netherlands and Belgium.
The whole system consists of workbooks with exercises and manuals for teachers and trainers.

Appeared in English up till now:

Manual for chess trainers: Step 1, Step 2, Step 3. Step 4, Step 5

Workbook: Step 1, Step 2, Step 3, Step 4, Step 5

You will find updated information on our website at: www.stappenmethode.nl

ISBN 90-77275-51 -7