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A Research Paper
Presented to:
By:
A.Y. 2017-2018
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Social responsibility is an ethical or ideological theory that an entity whether it is a
associated with business and governmental practices, activist groups and local communities can also
be associated with social responsibility, not only business or governmental entities. Corporate social
responsibility (CSR, also called corporate responsibility, corporate citizenship, and responsible
business) is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of society by taking responsibility
for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees, shareholders, communities and
other stakeholders, as well as the environment. This obligation is seen to extend beyond the statutory
obligation to comply with legislation and sees organizations voluntarily taking further steps to improve
the quality of life for employees and their families as well as for the local community and society at
large.
The objective of this study is to lay down guidelines for businesses here in the Philippines to
make social responsibility as one of the key focus areas to adhere the strategy that focuses on making a
positive contribution to society through high impact, sustainable programs. It also aims to ensure that
companies conduct their business in a way that is ethical. This means taking account of their social,
The benefits of it to smart business decisions are not just a matter of counting short-term
money. Wise decision makers consider the future impact of today’s choices – on people, on the
community, and on the opinions of customers. While business results, investment, free enterprise, and
other traditional economic forces continue to drive industry, organizations’ reputations and their
ability to compete effectively around the world depend on them integrating social responsibility efforts
The people involved in this research are the persons behind the social responsibility, the person
who assisted, and the reaction of the residents and other people in doing the social responsibility.
Significance of the Study
Students. This research can be beneficial to those students to promote the social responsibility
Employees. The employees need to know what is social responsibility for them to know what
they are going to do and where and when they need to apply it.
Customers. This study will be helpful to the customers because they will realize that even the
Business Owners. This researcher aim to educate them about social responsibility and give
1.1. Age
This study will focus on the types and the impact of Social Responsibility of a business and
also in this study it will tackled the different kinds of social responsibility.
The other topics that will not tackle in this study are arguments for and against social
Theoretical Framework
The study will focus on social responsibility is belong to an ethical theory, in which individuals
are accountable for fulfilling their civic duty; the actions of an individual must benefit the whole of
society. In this way, there must be a balance between economic growth and the welfare of society and
The connection of this theory to this research paper is that each individual must know and
fulfill their duty that must benefit to the whole society. So, that they maintain a balance harmonious
Conceptual Framework
The focus of this study is to illustrate the framework that is shown in figure 1 which has
The paradigm illustrates in the input is the title of the study. In the process it illustrates
what they used to know the answer of the respondent to the study. Lastly, the output illustrates what is
the result of execution of survey, interview and observation based to the respondent.
Hypothesis
The Social Responsibility for the residents of Barangay 71 Zone 7, Caloocan City has an
impact which can help them to perform an ethics as an individual that has responsibility to the society.
Definition of Terms
The following terms are defined by the researcher for better understanding:
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) is a concept whereby organizations consider the interests of
society by taking responsibility for the impact of their activities on customers, suppliers, employees,
Ideological based on or relating to a system of ideas and ideals, especially concerning economic or
Philanthropy the desire to promote the welfare of others, expressed especially by the generous
In this chapter contains the Foreign and Local Related Literature, the Foreign and Local Study
and the framework that is related in this study. The Related Literature is from the different site in the
internet, on the other hand the related study is from other research such as thesis that proves that this
study is relevant. The Synthesis is the connection of related study to related literature.
FOREIGN LITERATURE
Bendell (2005) argues that, there is no single definite definition of what CSR is, as various
organizations define this concept in different ways. However, most of these definitions are closely
related in the sense that they relate CSR with how organizations manage their business process to
create a general positive impact on the society. Thus, CSR is universally defined as the ongoing
development, at the same time enhancing the quality of life of their employees, their families, and the
local community and society entirely. From this definition, it is evident that CSR is all about how
organizations relate to the external and internal environment, in the course of pursuing its business
motives.
Douglas and Emily, (2011) stated that business environment has changed significantly
recently. To survive in this dynamic business environment, businesses have been forced to adapt
various strategies, among them being the integration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their
business models.
Campbell (2007) asserts that, through embracing the spirit of CSR, consumers tends to believe
that a company has is concerned with their needs, and is ready to modify its business motives to cater
for these needs. Consequently, consumers will always identify with the company, consuming their
products and services from time to time; hence contributing to the company’s profitability.
LOCAL LITERATURE
More and more companies start to embrace social responsibility in their business.
According to Sally Solidum-Protacio (2015) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has attracted
attention recently as a worthy component of good business practice. It is now considered a vital area
of interest in light of the growing awareness that business must assume greater accountability for
societal development.
In 2007, Sally wrote a paper, “Corporate Social Responsibility and Young Filipino
Consumers,” where she highlighted the relevance of CSR in business, particularly in the market
preferences of young consumers. As early as 2007, her research showed that the market preference of
Filipino teens are influenced not only by purchase price and quality of products or services, but also
CSR is a growing trend among business organizations because of the vital role it assumes;
Good corporate image and brand reputation enables young consumers to determine their choice
Young people also expressed willingness to pay slightly more for products or services of
companies which demonstrate ethical business practices and have community relation
programs. With more and more consumers expecting companies to go beyond their financial
orientation, there is also increasing consumer support for business enterprises that do take CSR
seriously as part of their corporate mission. CSR and Market Preferences of Young Filipinos (2015).
While philanthropy is still largely regarded as "icing on the cake" (Caroll, 1991), some large
Philippine companies have been engaged in philanthropic activities in light of the government's failure
to adequately address social problems such as poverty, joblessness, and hunger. For some companies,
corporate philanthropy has evolved from simply transferring resources (i.e., corporate giving) to being
directly involved in community-based programs. When these corporate social initiatives (CSI) bring
"social and economic goals into alignment" and improve a company's long-term business prospects,
they enhance the competitive context of the corporation (Porter & Kramer, 2002), and provide strong
justification for sustained philanthropic efforts. This paper presents the experience of four major
Philippine corporations in implementing CSIs that provide both social and business value, thus adding
FOREIGN STUDY
According to Trudel at Cotte (2011) many studies say that social responsibility is one
technique that can affect on the consumers to purchase their product. The CSR affects customer
attitudes and customer attitudes influence their desires and intentions, and desires will lead to
behavior. Davids (1990) stated that the growing number of market survey show, there is a positive
According to Rahim et al. (2011) CSR activities have a positive relationship with customer
buying decision, that’s why an environmental concern has stronger positive effect on buying decision
than the prices as cited by Sen et al. (2006) Support the positive relationship between CSR activities
and consumer buying behavior. A society becomes affluent and the awareness increases among
governance as an internal system encompassing policies, processes and people, which serve the needs
of shareholders and other stakeholders, by directing and controlling management activities with good
business savvy, objectivity, accountability and integrity. Sound corporate governance is reliant on
external marketplace commitment and legislation, plus a healthy board culture which safeguards
policies and processes. Traditionally in the United States, CSR has been defined much more in terms
of a philanthropic model. Companies make profits, unhindered except by fulfilling their duty to pay
taxes. Then they donate a certain share of the profits to charitable causes.
LOCAL STUDY
Based on the research entitled Impact of Nestle Philippine's Corporate Social Responsibility
Programs on Consumer Buying Behavior: An Assessment that the consumer-beneficiaries are less
aware of Nestle Philippines’ Corporate Social Responsibility Programs, though the activities help the
consumers to have a healthy body, it was noted that the programs are less effective in terms of
Nutrition, Environment and Rural Development. Respondents agreed that the company’s CSR
programs establish good brand rapport or brand equity, thus, slightly agreed that these do encourage
brand switch, hype brand purchase intention, create brand trust and brand loyalty. Therefore, Nestle
Philippines’ Corporate Social Responsibility Programs have an impact on consumer buying behavior
(2014).
According to Corporate Social Responsibility and Purchase Intention: The Roles of Loyalty,
Advocacy and Quality of Life in the Philippines (2014). This study investigates the underlying
mechanisms through which corporate social responsibility (CSR) variables impact quality of life,
corporate loyalty, and advocacy, which ultimately influence purchase. In this paper, we developed a
research model and hypotheses based upon existing theory and related findings. A survey was
conducted yielding 528 useful responses. Reliability and validity testing showed the instrument to be
measurably dependable. We conducted correlation and regression analyses to test the hypotheses. The
paper offers convincing evidence why certain organizations prosper while others have issues
depending on the perception of CSR by their consumers. This research has advanced theory for
constructs in CSR, specifically with respect to awareness, beliefs, and trust, which are perceptual in
nature. We found statistically significant relationships for advocacy and loyalty with behavioral
intention. The results of this analysis will have an impact on organizational marketing and
communication strategies. For example, the results indicate that companies with favorable CSR
reputations benefit from building loyalty, advocacy, and a better quality of life among consumers who,
in turn, positively influences customer purchase intention. The research model and findings presented
in the paper show that CSR emphasizes the direct effects of CSR beliefs and trust on loyalty and
behavioral intentions or on current quality of life. This study provides an explanation for this process.
The value of this research is in the analysis of different CSR constructs that before have been analyzed
separately; but, when taken together, show how the interrelated constructs ultimately have an impact
on purchase intention.
Jamali and Rabbath (July 2007) discussed in their study that under the umbrella of CG,
companies are encouraged to promote ethics, fairness, transparency and accountability in all their
dealings. They are asked to continue generating profits while maintaining the highest standards of
governance internally. Thus, Corporate Governance (CG) has been acclaimed as an instigator of tight
internal control mechanisms. A firm’s decisions should also be aligned with the interests of different
players within and outside the company (Cyert and March, 1963). Hence, businesses have to also keep
their activities attuned to society’s ethical, legal and communal aspirations. This falls in the realm of
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) which has attracted increasing attention in recent years in
relation to how companies approach their interactions with their external environments – from
providing quality products and services, to undertaking charitable activities. Hence, CSR adds to the
control processes which companies must consider, especially from an external dimension or
perspective. Much of the previous literature has researched and discussed CG and CSR independently,
as being unrelated accountability models, whose guidelines, reporting standards and oversight
mechanisms have evolved separately (Bhimani and Soonawalla, 2005). However, they feel that CG
and CSR are strongly and intricately connected, and that previous literature has fallen short in
In the study of Miral Jr. & Dumangas (April 2011), they cited that there is generally more
acceptance of CSR in the Philippines compared to other Asian countries like Laos and Vietnam. They
pointed out that there are already some domestic Philippine companies that practice CSR such as
Ayala Group, Lopez Group of Companies, and Aboitiz Group of Companies. There are also MNCs
operating in the country that are strong advocates of CSR, such as Coca-Cola, Nestlế and Unilever.
However, they also mentioned that CSR among Philippine companies is that firms give money to the
poor, support foundations, provide scholarships, disaster relief, and outreach activities. Thus, it can be
observed that the trend of CSR practice in the Philippines is dominated by philanthropic activities.
Majority of PBSP members are focused on philanthropic, one-time activities and grant giving.
However, it is important to assert that the value of philanthropic CSR initiatives remains. This is
understandable given the fact that in the context of a developing country such initiatives remain valid
and legitimate because the government lacks the resources to provide for much needed public goods.
SYNTHESIS
Both Foreign and Local Related Literature and Study have deal with this research. Social
Responsibility has a positive impact in the field of business but in this literature proves that social
responsibility also has a positive impact to the community. Most of the companies nowadays embrace
social responsibility in their business. It is now consider that this strategy helps to have a societal
development. Those strategies that done by the businesses can prolong the life of the business and help
the society to have an innovation to environment. Social responsibility has an impact on consumers.
The encouragement to the consumer to purchase the brand. This also build-up the brand trust and
brand loyalty of the consumers to the firm. On the other hands, business can improve by this strategy
because the firm becomes popular and the community patronizes the product. In a nutshell, corporate
research instrument, statistical treatment of the data and the data gathering procedure.
Research Design
Research design is the plan on how the research will be introduced. It is an official plan to meet
The study will use descriptive design. According to Manuel and McDel, descriptive research
described what is it involved the description, interpretation of the present nature, composition or
process of phenomena.
Descriptive method is an appropriate design in this study because in this study describes the
Convenience sampling is a non-probability sampling technique where the subjects are selected
because of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the research. In this technique, the
Respondent are the people concern that contribute vital data in the study needs. The
respondents will be the residents who and who’s not received social responsibility of Sir Jay’s Eatery
at Barangay71 Zone 7, Caloocan City. The researchers get one hundred (100) residents for survey
questionnaires.
Research Instrument
The proponent apply the data-gathering instrument in this study will be survey questionnaire.
This instrument will help gather all the data needed in this study.
Survey Questionnaires provide a relatively quick and efficient way of obtaining large amount
of information from a large sample of people. Data can be collected relatively quickly because the
researcher would not need to be present when the questionnaires were completed as stated by Saul
McLeod (2014). The researcher conduct survey questionnaire through likert scale for data gathering.
A likert scale is a psychometric scale commonly involved in research that employs questionnaires. It is
the most widely used approach to scaling responses in survey research, such that the term (or more
accurately the Likert-type scale) is often used interchangeably with rating scale, although there are
The discussion of Part I is all about demographic profile of the respondents. The discussion of
Part II to III contains what type of social responsibility is used and also what are the impacts of it. All
of the information will be completed by the respondents for data gathering that will interpret the
that exist for each data point for grouping of data points. It is a particularly useful method
𝒇
P= 100
𝑵
2. Weighted mean is a statistical tool is used to determine the average rating for each
effectiveness in evaluation.
Sample Mean
∑𝒙
Mean (ME) = 𝒏
Population Mean
∑𝒙
Mean (ME) = 𝑵
Where:
∑𝑥= Sum of all data values
N= Number of data items in population
n= Number of data items in sample
Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) Correlation between sets of data is a measure of
how well they are related. The most common measure of correlation in statistical is the Pearson
Where:
n – Number of scale
The proponent arranges a survey questionnaire to know the reaction of the residents. The
researcher discuss about Social Responsibility, in that way the respondent be able to understand the
topic. After that, the evaluation sheet were further studies were done with proper validation. The
survey questionnaire is conduct at Barangay 71 Zone 7, Caloocan City. The consumer that receives
social responsibility and a consumer that did not yet receive social responsibility; to be compared.
CHAPTER IV
In this chapter, contains the frequency, table and the interpretation of the data that gather by the
researcher. All the information provides and organized for analysis, presentation and interpretation of
data.
25
20
15
20 19
10 12
13 15
11
5
4 2
0
16-22 23-29 30-36 37-43 44-50 51-57 58-64 65-71 72-78
Figure 1.1
Figure 1.1 shows the distribution of the age of the residents of Barangay 71 Zone 7 who
voluntary responds to the survey questionnaire. Based on the result of this study, the total number of
the respondents is one hundred (100). Out of one hundred (100), 12 respondents were aging 16-22
years old responds to the survey, 13 respondents responds to the survey were aging 23-29 years old
respond, 11 respondents responds to the survey were aging 30-36 years old, 20 respondents responds
to the survey were aging 37-43, 19 respondents responds to the survey were aging 44-50 years old, 4
respondents responds were aging 51-57 years old, 15 respondents responds were aging 58-64, 4
respondents responds were aging 65-71 years old and 2 respondents respond to the survey were aging
72-78. 37-43 is the age of the highest number of respondents that responds to the survey questionnaire
which is equivalent to 21.74% because at the age where mostly of the consumer avail the product.
While the lowest number are 72-78 or 1.74% of age that the respondents responds to the survey
questionnaire. In that age the respondents are not likely to avail the product because of the certain
sequence.
25
20
15
20 19
10 12
15
13
11
5
4
2
0
30 45 65 37-43 44-50 51-57 58-64 65-71 72-78
Figure 2.1
Figure 2.1 1 shows the distribution of the daily budget per meal of the residents of Barangay
71 Zone 7 who voluntary responds to the survey questionnaire. The total number of the respondents is
one hundred (100). Out of one hundred (100) 45 respondents are male and the 55 respondents are
female.
Percentage Distribution
1. Consumers Preference
Social Responsibility
Table 1.1 shows that thirty-one (31) or31% of the respondents choose strongly agree in
consumers preference while forty-two (42) or 42% of the respondents in social responsibility choose
strongly agree. In moderately agree forty-eight (48) or 48% of the respondents in consumers
preference responds in the questionnaire while twenty-six (26) or 26% responds in the social
responsibility. In agree twenty-one (21) or 21% of the respondents in consumers preference choose
agree while thirty-two (32) or 32% responds in social responsibility. No one from the respondents
2. Consumers Preference
Social Responsibility
Table 1.2 shows that thirty-five (35) or35% of the respondents choose strongly agree in
consumers preference while thirty-four (34) or 34% of the respondents in social responsibility choose
strongly agree. In moderately agree forty-one (41) or 41% of the respondents in consumers preference
responds in the questionnaire while forty-four (44) or 44% responds in the social responsibility. In
agree twenty-four (24) or 24% of the respondents in consumers preference choose agree while twenty-
two (22) or 22% responds in social responsibility. No one from the respondents disagree and strongly
3. Consumers Preference
Social Responsibility
Social responsibility contributes on business growth.
Table 1.3 shows that forty (40) or 40% of the respondents choose strongly agree in consumers
preference while thirty-three (33) or 33% of the respondents in social responsibility choose strongly
agrees. In moderately agree thirty-four (34) or 34% of the respondents in consumers preference
responds in the questionnaire while forty-eight (48) or 48% responds in the social responsibility. In
agree twenty-six (26) or 26% of the respondents in consumers preference choose agree while nineteen
(19) or 19% responds in social responsibility. No one from the respondents disagree and strongly
Weighted Mean
Table 2
Table 2 shows the weighted mean of the questionnaire, the first question in consumers
preference have four point one (4.1) while in social responsibility it has four point one (4.1). in the
second question, in consumers preference have four point eleven (4.11) while in social responsibility it
has four point twelve (4.12) . In the third question, the consumers’ preference has four point forty-two
Computed Tabulate
N Mean Null Decision
Value Value
Social Responsibility 100 4.12 -0.13967 0.205 𝑯𝒐: there is The null
no
significance hypothesis is
relation
between social accepted
responsibility
and
consumer’s
preference
Table 5 shows that the respondents of consumers preference and social responsibility is one-
hundred (100) and the computed value is -0.13967 and the tabulate value is 0.205. Base on the result
the null hypothesis is accepted because the tabulated value is greater than the computed value that is
summarized the aim of this study. On the other hand, in conclusion it provides the perception of the
Summary
The purpose of this study is to know the impact of social responsibility in consumers
Based on the result of this study the total of the respondents is one hundred (100). Out of one
hundred (100) 12 respondents where aging 16-22 respondents to the survey questionnaire, 13
respondents where aging 23-19 years old, 11 respondents where aging 30-36 years old, 20 respondents
where aging 37-43 years old, 19 respondents where aging 44-50 years old, 4 respondents where aging
51-57 years old, 15 respondents where aging 58-64 years old, 4 respondents where aging 65-71 years
old and 2 respondents where aging 72-78 years old. 37-43 is the age of the highest number of
respondents that responds to the survey questionnaire which is equivalent to 21.74% because at that
age where mostly of the consumer avail the product. While the lowest number are 72-78 or 1.72% of
age that the respondents responds to the survey questionnaire. In that age the respondents are not likely
2. The level of the impact of social responsibility is consumers preference of Nanay’s Pansit
Malabon on popularity, loyalty and growth of business and the relation of consumers preference in
social responsibility.
Based on the result of the findings which is -0.13967 it signifies that the level of relation of
accepted.
Conclusion
According to the result, social responsibility has no impact to the consumer’s preference in
buying the business product. It is the positive relationship between the business and to the community
that result into a positive impact in a business performance. Social responsibility helps the business
attract customers and to be known. The researcher’s hypothesis has been accepted base on the result of
the findings.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions cited in the study, the following are hereby recommended:
1. Conduct another study about social responsibility using different business and other type of
business.
4. Quest more people that is related to this researched that will prove the credibility of using