Principal commercial shrimp species

Akiami paste shrimp

Acetes is a genus of small shrimp that resemble krills, which is native throughout the seas of Asia.
Several of its species are important for the production of shrimp paste in Southeast Asia, including
Acetes japonicus, which is the world's most heavily fished species of wild shrimp or prawn in terms of
total tonnage. In Southeast Asia, Acetes have different local names depending on the country. It is
known as rebon in Indonesia, geragau in Malaysia and Brunei, alamang in the Philippines, among others.

Banana prawn

Latin names: Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, F. indicus

The name ‘banana prawn’ refers to two species - white and red-legged banana prawns. Both species live
in tropical waters and are short-lived and fast-growing. Population levels appear closely linked to rainfall
patterns, and in wetter years the populations increase. Long-term fishing records and estimates of the
number of breeding animals indicate that stocks are healthy. They are caught alongside tiger prawns in
fisheries managed by the Commonwealth, WA and QLD governments.

Banana prawns are caught using otter trawls. In the Commonwealth managed fishery, planes are used
to find 'boils' or dense aggregations of banana prawns at the surface of the sea. Trawlers then target
these aggregations, which means most of the trawling for banana prawns occurs above the seafloor and
habitat damage is minimized. Much of the habitat trawled by the Commonwealth and WA fisheries is
made up of mud and sand, which is relatively resilient to disturbance should fishing gear touch the
bottom.

In QLD, banana prawns are caught in a fishery that targets multiple species of prawns, scallops and fish.
Trawling occurs in deep-water areas and there is concern about insufficient knowledge about the
habitat type and impacts on some of the trawled areas.

Bycatch reduction devices (BRD) and Turtle Exclusion Devices (TEDs) reduce the amount of threatened
and other species that are caught and killed in fishing gear. BRDs and TEDs are mandatory in all these
fisheries and have been successful in reducing turtle deaths. However, threatened species bycatch
remains an issue in all fisheries.

The Commonwealth fishery has been proactive in attempting to reduce its impacts on threatened
species. Whilst catch of seasnakes remains high, there are no indications fishing activity is resulting in
population declines of any of the species caught. Endangered sawfish, including the IUCN listed
'Critically Endangered' green and 'Endangered' dwarf sawfish are caught every year, although it is
complex to design modified fishing gear to reduce sawfish mortalities because the shape of their
rostrums means they are especially prone to entanglement. Due to the wide distribution of sawfish,
including in non-fished areas, experts have assessed that prawn fishing alone is not driving further
declines in these species.

The smaller scale WA-managed fisheries also report interactions with sawfish, turtles and sea snakes;
fishery reports suggest that as the fisheries are small-scale, significant impacts on threatened species is
unlikely. In QLD, protected seahorses, sea snakes and pipefish are caught, but fishery reports also
suggest species populations are not at high risk from fishing activity.

Fleshy prawn

The Chinese white shrimp, oriental shrimp, or fleshy prawn (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) is a species of
shrimp. It is cultivated at an industrial level off mainland China. Production was devastated by a series of
epidemics in the 1990s and early 2000s.Its wild capture has since recovered and expanded, but it is now
farmed at lower levels than previously.

It was formerly known as Cancer chinensis, Penaeus chinensis and Penaeus orientalis,[1] but has been
reassigned to Fenneropenaeus The problem of the distinctness of this species from Penaeus indicus is
still not definitely solved. The name Penaeus chinensis has hardly ever been used for the species, which
is better known as P. orientalis. However, Osbeck's (1765) description is sufficiently clear to make
certain that his specimens belonged to the present species; the specific name chinensis, being one of
the oldest for any penaeid species, has therefore to be used.

http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/2586/en

Giant tiger prawn

Northern prawn

Pandalus borealis is a species of caridean shrimp found in cold parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
The FAO refers to them as the northern prawn. Other common names include coldwater prawn, pink
shrimp, deepwater prawn, deep-sea prawn, great northern prawn, crevette nordique and northern
shrimp. P. borealis lives at depths of 20–1,330 m (66–4,364 ft), usually on soft muddy bottoms, in waters
with a temperature of 0–8 °C (32–46 °F). The distribution of the nominate subspecies P. b. borealis in
the Atlantic ranges from New England, Canada's eastern seaboard (off Newfoundland and Labrador and
eastern Baffin Island in Nunavut), southern and eastern Greenland, Iceland, Svalbard, Norway and the
North Sea as far south as the English Channel. In the Pacific, P. b. eous is found from Japan, through the
Sea of Okhotsk, across the Bering Strait, and as far south in North America as Washington state.
Commercially this is one of the most important carideans of the North Atlantic; only Crangon crangon
may be more important. Longhurst (1970:258) called it the principal product of the prawn fisheries of
the northwestern Atlantic, being concentrated off Greenland, while in more recent years also more to
the south fisheries for the species have started, e.g., in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the Bay of Fundy and
the Gulf of Maine (as far south as Gloucester, Mass.). There is an intensive fishery around Iceland and a
most important one off the Norwegian coast. In the Kattegat and Skagerak it is fished for by Danish
trawlers. In the northern and central North Sea Danish, Norwegian, British, German and Dutch trawlers
fish for the species. Experiments for the aquaculture of this species have been undertaken in England. In
the Northern Pacific Pandalus borealis eous also is of economic importance. Longhurst (1970:270-272)
mentioned that the species is important on the west coast of Kamchatka, while in the Bering Sea and
Gulf of Alaska it forms 80 to 90% of the shrimp catch. Yoshida (1941:23) listed the species among the
commercial shrimps of Korea. Off the west coast of Canada and Washington (U.S.A.) the species is
trawled commercially and with P. jordani forms the most important species in the fishery. According to
U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries (1958:12) this shrimp is landed in Washington, Oregon and
California, U.S.A. The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999 was 338 969 t. The countries
with the largest catches were Canada (85 331 t) and Greenland (79 178 t).

P. borealis is an important food resource, and has been widely fished since the early 1900s in Norway,
and later in other countries following Johan Hjort's practical discoveries of how to locate them. In
Canada, these shrimp are sold peeled, cooked and frozen in bags in supermarkets, and are consumed as
appetizers. Northern shrimp have a short life, which contributes to a variable stock on a yearly basis.
However, the species is not considered overfished due to a large amount reported and a large amount
harvested .In Canada, the annual harvest limit is set to 164,000 tonnes (2008). The Canadian fishery
began in the 1980s and expanded in 1990s. In 2013 the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission
determined that stocks of P. borealis were too low and shut down the New England fishery. This was the
first cancellation in 35 years.

Beyond human consumption, shrimp alkaline phosphatase (SAP), an enzyme used in molecular biology,
is obtained from Pandalus borealis, and the species' carapace is a source of chitosan, a versatile
chemical used for such different applications as treating bleeding wounds, filtering wine or improving
the soil in organic farming.

http://www.fao.org/fishery/species/3425/en

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandalus_borealis

Southern rough shrimp

he Southern Rough shrimp (Trachysalambria curvirostris) is a species of prawn which lives in shallow
waters of the Indo-West Pacific. It is found from East Africa and the Red Sea to Japan and Australia. It is
one of the most important species targeted by prawn fishery, with an annual harvests of more than 0.3
million tonnes. And majority of the catches are from China.
The Southern Rough shrimp has also entered the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal as a
Lessepsian migrant. It is also known by some other names such as Cocktail shrimp and Hardback prawn.
Read some more information about this prawn species below.Whiteleg shrimp.

The Southern Rough shrimp is a commercially important species in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. It is
also fished on smaller scales in the Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea and Madagascar. It is also
abundant around the coasts of Australia, but is too small to be commercially viable there. But is very
important in Chinese fishery. It is less important in Indian fishes, because it is not found in larger
numbers for contributing to a fishery. It is used mainly for food, but also used as bait shrimp. However,
review full breed profile of the Southern Rough shrimp in the table below.

http://www.roysfarm.com/southern-rough-shrimp/