SJ-20130930111159-002-ZXMW NR8250 (V2.03.02) System Description

ZXMW NR8250
Digital Microwave Transmission System

System Description
Version: V2.03.02
ZTE CORPORATION
No. 55, Hi-tech Road South, ShenZhen, P.R.China
Postcode: 518057
Tel: +86-755-26771900
Fax: +86-755-26770801
URL: http://support.zte.com.cn
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Revision History
Revision No. Revision Date Revision Reason
R1.0 2014–01–10 First edition
Serial Number: SJ-20130930111159-002
Publishing Date: 2014–01–10 (R1.0)
SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Contents
About This Manual ......................................................................................... I
Chapter 1 Overview .................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Product Composition .......................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Product External View ........................................................................................ 1-2
1.3 Product Functions .............................................................................................. 1-3
Chapter 2 System Architecture ................................................................. 2-1

2.1 Logical Architecture ............................................................................................ 2-1
2.2 Hardware Architecture ........................................................................................ 2-3
2.2.1 IDU ......................................................................................................... 2-3
2.2.2 ODU........................................................................................................ 2-4
2.3 Software Architecture ......................................................................................... 2-6
Chapter 3 Signal Flows .............................................................................. 3-1

3.1 Service Flows .................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1 TDM Service Flow .................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.2 Ethernet Service Flow............................................................................... 3-4
3.1.3 Auxiliary Service Flow............................................................................... 3-6
3.2 Management Plane Signal Flow .......................................................................... 3-9
Chapter 4 System Principles ..................................................................... 4-1

4.1 System Clock Principle ....................................................................................... 4-1
4.1.1 Clock Synchronization Types .................................................................... 4-1
4.1.2 Clock Synchronization Principles............................................................... 4-2
4.2 Power Supply Principle ....................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.1 Power Supply Connection......................................................................... 4-3
4.2.2 Power Distribution .................................................................................... 4-3
4.3 Operation and Maintenance Principle .................................................................. 4-4
4.3.1 Configuration Modes ................................................................................ 4-4
4.3.2 Data Management.................................................................................... 4-5
4.3.3 Security Management............................................................................... 4-5
4.3.4 Alarm Management .................................................................................. 4-6
4.3.5 Monitoring and Maintenance ..................................................................... 4-7
4.3.6 Diagnosis and Debugging ......................................................................... 4-8
4.3.7 Software Upgrading.................................................................................. 4-8
4.4 Reliability Principle ............................................................................................. 4-8

4.4.1 Hardware Reliability ................................................................................. 4-8
4.4.2 Software Reliability................................................................................... 4-8
4.4.3 Data Reliability ......................................................................................... 4-9
Chapter 5 Radio Protection Configurations............................................. 5-1

5.1 1+0 No-Protection Configuration ......................................................................... 5-1
5.2 1+1 HSB Configuration ....................................................................................... 5-2
5.3 1+1 SD Configuration ......................................................................................... 5-4
5.4 1+1 FD Configuration ......................................................................................... 5-6
5.5 2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration................................................................. 5-7
5.6 2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration .............................................................................. 5-8
5.7 2+2 XPIC SD Configuration ...............................................................................5-11
5.8 N+1 Protection Configuration (for STM-1 Services Only) .................................... 5-13
Chapter 6 NR8250 and NR8950 Combo Configuration ........................... 6-1

6.1 Combo Configuration Overview........................................................................... 6-1
6.2 PoE Power Supply ............................................................................................. 6-2
6.2.1 1+0 No-Protection Configuration ............................................................... 6-2
6.2.2 1+1 HSB Configuration ............................................................................. 6-3
6.2.3 1+1 SD Configuration ............................................................................... 6-4
6.2.4 1+1 FD Configuration ............................................................................... 6-5
6.2.5 2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration....................................................... 6-6
6.2.6 2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration .................................................................... 6-7
6.2.7 2+2 XPIC SD Configuration ...................................................................... 6-8
6.3 DC Power Supply............................................................................................... 6-9
Chapter 7 Networking Modes .................................................................... 7-1

7.1 Overview ........................................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 Point-to-Point Networking Mode .......................................................................... 7-2
7.3 Chain Networking Mode...................................................................................... 7-3
7.4 Tree Networking Mode........................................................................................ 7-3
7.5 Ring Networking Mode ....................................................................................... 7-4
Chapter 8 Operation and Maintenance..................................................... 8-1

8.1 Operation & Maintenance Solution ...................................................................... 8-1
8.2 LMT .................................................................................................................. 8-1
8.2.1 Functions................................................................................................. 8-1
8.2.2 Networking .............................................................................................. 8-1
8.3 NetNumen U31 System ...................................................................................... 8-2
8.3.1 Functions................................................................................................. 8-2
8.3.2 Networking .............................................................................................. 8-2
II

Chapter 9 Technical Indexes ..................................................................... 9-1
9.1 System Indexes ................................................................................................. 9-1
9.2 Radio Frequency................................................................................................ 9-2
9.2.1 Channel Spacing...................................................................................... 9-2
9.2.2 ODU Transceiving Spacing ....................................................................... 9-2
9.3 System Capacity ................................................................................................ 9-2
9.4 Power................................................................................................................ 9-6
9.4.1 Transmit Power ........................................................................................ 9-6
9.4.2 Threshold Power .................................................................................... 9-12
9.5 Physical Specifications ..................................................................................... 9-15
9.5.1 Dimensions............................................................................................ 9-15
9.5.2 Weight................................................................................................... 9-16
9.5.3 Power Supply......................................................................................... 9-16
9.5.4 Power Consumption ............................................................................... 9-16
9.6 Reliability ......................................................................................................... 9-17
9.6.1 Security ................................................................................................. 9-17
9.6.2 Fault Tolerance ...................................................................................... 9-17
9.6.3 EMC...................................................................................................... 9-17
9.6.4 Operations............................................................................................. 9-18
9.6.5 Storage ................................................................................................. 9-18
9.6.6 Protection Class ..................................................................................... 9-18
Glossary .......................................................................................................... I
III

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IV

About This Manual
Purpose
This manual provides information about the system structure, signal flows, system
principles, configurations, networking modes, operation and maintenance, and technical
indexes of the ZXMW NR8250 digital microwave transmission system.
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for technical personnel who perform operations on the ZXMW
N8250 digital microwave transmission system.
What Is in This Manual

This manual contains the following chapters.
Chapter 1, Overview Describes the system composition, external view, and

functions of the ZXMW NR8250.
Chapter 2, System Architecture Describes the logical architecture, hardware architecture,

and software architecture of the ZXMW NR8250.
Chapter 3, Signal Flows Describes the service signal flow and management plane
signal flow of the ZXMW NR8250.
Chapter 4, System Principles Describes the clock principle, power supply principle,
operation and maintenance principle, and reliability
principle of the ZXMW NR8250.
Chapter 5, Radio Protection Describes various hardware compositions and operating

Configurations modes of the ZXMW NR8250.
Chapter 6, NR8250 and NR8950 Describes hardware structure and operating mode for the
Combo Configuration NR8250 and NR8950 combo configuration.
Chapter 7, Networking Modes Describes various networking modes of the ZXMW

NR8250.
Chapter 8, Operation and Maintenance Describes two operation and maintenance modes of the
ZXMW NR8250: Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) and
NetNumen centralized network management system.
Chapter 9, Technical Indexes Describes technical indexes of the ZXMW NR8250.
Conventions
This manual uses the following conventions:
Italics Variables in commands. It may also refer to other related manuals and documents.

Bold Menus, menu options, function names, input fields, option button names, check
boxes, drop-down lists, dialog box names, window names, parameters, and
commands.
Constant width Text that you type, program codes, filenames, directory names, and function
names.
Note: provides additional information about a topic.
II

Chapter 1
Overview
Table of Contents
Product Composition ..................................................................................................1-1
Product External View ................................................................................................1-2
Product Functions ......................................................................................................1-3
1.1 Product Composition

Figure 1-1 shows the product composition.
Figure 1-1 Product Composition
l Indoor Unit (IDU)

Service data accesses the IDU through the service interface board. The main control
unit implements service switching and processing, and provides system management
functions. The Intermediate Frequency (IF) board modulates/demodulates baseband
data and provides interfaces connected to other IDUs.
l Outdoor Unit (ODU)
1-1

ZXMW NR8250 System Description
An ODU is connected to the IDU through IF cables. It implements functions including

service data up/down conversion and Radio Frequency (RF) transceiving.
l Antenna
Antennas directionally transmit, converge, and receive electromagnetic wave signals
through parabolic reflectors.
à In the transmitting direction, the electromagnetic waves sent from waveguides
are polarized and radiated.
à In the receiving direction, the received electromagnetic waves are polarized and
converted into electromagnetic energy and transmitted by waveguides.
l Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT)

The LMT software is embedded into the IDU. Users can access the IDU through the
Internet Explorer installed on a Personal Computer (PC) and manage the IDU.
l Element Management System (EMS)
The NetNumen U31 system, known as the EMS, communicates with the IDU through
the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), and manages multiple Network
Elements (NEs) in the network.
1.2 Product External View

The NR8250, which uses a modular design, consists of an IDU and one or multiple ODUs.
IDU
Figure 1-2 shows the external view of the IDU.
Figure 1-2 IDU
ODU
Table 1-1 shows the external view of ODU respectively.
1-2

Chapter 1 Overview
Table 1-1 ODU
Style external view
ODU SRU
A400 6 GHz–11 GHz
13 GHz–38 GHz
1.3 Product Functions

For detailed information of the NR8250 functions, refer to Table 1-2.
Table 1-2 Functions of the NR8250
Service Type Function Description
Native represents the advanced native transmission

technology while Hybrid means hybrid transmission of
Hybrid & Native non-mapping native services. The Hybrid & Native function
Wireless microwave enables the native Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) service
transmission and the native Ethernet service to dynamically share the
air interface bandwidth, and mapping between them is not
required. The functions has the following advantages:
1-3

l Reduces the transmission delay and increases the

system transmission efficiency.
l Reduces unnecessary cost of frame encapsulation and
increases the radio bandwidth utilization.
l Increases the microwave frequency spectrum
utilization.
The NR8250 can function as a convergence node and

supports at most six transmission directions. The Ethernet
Six-direction
service switching function and the Synchronous Digital
aggregation node
Hierarchy (SDH) Multiplexer (MUX) function are embedded
in the NR8250, facilitating service switching.
ACM is a technology that can automatically adjust the

coding and modulation mode in accordance with channel
quality. When channel quality is good, the ACM function
Adaptive Coding and
improves the system transmission efficiency and frequency
Modulation (ACM)
spectrum utilization. When channel quality is deteriorated,
the ACM function ensures the link reliability of high-priority
services.
Automatic This function reduces the transmitter's interference on

transmission power neighbor systems and the transmitter's residual error rate.
control
The NR8250 can transmit two channels of different signals

on the same carrier frequency through a dual-polarized
antenna, and such signals are called cross-polarized
Cross Polarization signals. In practical applications, however, interference is
Interference generated between cross-polarized signals due to limited
Canceller (XPIC) antenna isolation, multi-path effect, or signal attenuation
caused by rain. The XPIC function is applied at the
receiving end to eliminate the interference and improve the
system immunity.
With this function, the contents that are unchanged but

Ethernet frame repeatedly transmitted in Ethernet data frames, such as
header compression MAC address and IP header, are replaced by short bytes at
on air interface the transmitting end. This function increases the Ethernet
service transmission throughput for a fixed bandwidth.
l The NR8250 supports Ethernet load balance and XPIC

to implement large-capacity transmission.
l The Ethernet load balance function is implemented
Load balance
by Link Aggregation Group (LAG) or Physical Link
Aggregation (PLA). LAG uses the HASH algorithm to
calculate source/destination addresses of data flows to
1-4

Chapter 1 Overview
determine the transmission channel for each service

flow. Load balance can also be implemented based
on IP addresses. PLA slices each service flow in
accordance with a fixed length, and averagely allocates
such data slices to each transmission channel.
After the PIS (Packet Intelligence Segment) function is

configured, the QoS of the high priority stream is optimized,
and the delay jitter of the high priority queue is reduced.
PIS This function adds classification judgement of the Ethernet
data at the air interface, which means, the Ethernet packets
of high priority is transmitted preferentially and the Ethernet
packets of low priority is transmitted in sections.
The NR8250 supports independent STM-1 service

transmission and reception on N+1 (N≤3) channels through
the air interface. N indicates the number of working
channels and 1 indicates one protection channel. If
a working channel fails, its services are automatically
TDM N+1 protection
switched to the protection channel.
After the active channel is restored to normal status,
the services on the protection channel are automatically
switched back to the original path within the specified WTR
time.
The NR8250 supports TDM service cross connections, that

is, cross connections from E1 to STM-1 and from STM-1 to
Service cross
E1. The maximum cross-connection capacity is:
connections
l 4000×4000 E1s (VC12)
l 63×63 STM-1s (VC4)
l The NR8250 supports SNCP switchover when the

work mode of air interface is set to E1 or STM-1. It
improves the microwave link transmission reliability.
l SNCP uses 1+1 protection mode. In other words, each
transmission direction has two different routes: working
TDM
route and protection route. Service data is transferred
Sub-Network
between two NEs through SNCP, that is, the NE at the
Connection
transmitting end transmits service data to the NE at
Protection (SNCP)
the receiving end through the working subnetwork and
for TDM service
protection subnetwork in bridge mode. The NE at the
receiving end selects the service data from one of the
two routes based on the switchover principle.
l The SNCP function can be flexibly applied in protection
configuration for various networks, including trunk
network, relay network, and access network. It can
1-5

also be applied in various network topologies, including

tree network, ring network, and mesh network.
The SNCP+protection function provides a pre-configured

standby channel for each TDM service link. A working
channel generally carries service data, and a standby
channel does not carry TDM service but reserves TDM
Sub-Network
bandwidth for Ethernet service. When TDM service is
Connection
interrupted due to working channel faults, it is switched
Protection + (SNCP+)
to the pre-configured standby channel, achieving 1:1
for TDM service
ring-network protection for TDM service. SNCP routing
is configured for both terminal ends, and P2P routing is
configured for intermediate links. Service data is transmitted
on working channels only.
This function meets the requirement of convergence from

multiple directions. The NR8250 can provide access
for TDM services of multiple shelves through the TDM
cascading interface on the RCUB board or a GbE interface
TDM cascading
on any Ethernet board.
If the main control board operates in the active-standby
protection mode, the GbE interface of an Ethernet board
should be used as the TDM cascading interface.
The dedicated protection channel for the NR8250 operates

in 1+1 LMSP mode. The working and protection channels
transport the same services at the same time. The
protection channel cannot transport extra services. If the
working channel fails, the services are switched to the
protection channel for transmission and reception.
The supported modes are 1+1 single-end unrecoverable
protection, 1+1 single-end recoverable protection, 1+1
dual-end unrecoverable protection, and 1+1 dual-end
LMSP recoverable protection.
The single-end modes do not require any protocol. The
dual-end modes need to use multiplex section K1/K2 to
directly implement the APS protocol for switching and
recovery.
The external commands with the priorities in descending
order include clear, switching lock, forced switching, manual
switching, exercise switching, and automatic switching.
The NR8250 supports board-level LMSP and port-level
LMSP.
The NR8250 uses a carrier-level Ethernet switching

CES
architecture. The internal switching is layer-2 Ethernet
1-6

Chapter 1 Overview
switching and layer-2 Ethernet frames (802.3) are

processed. The TDM service uses CES over ETH, which
encapsulates the TDM service into layer-2 Ethernet frames
for transmission.
This function enables the microwave Native TDM service
to transverse a wired network. The TDM service can
transverse the wired network after CES over ETH
processing by the emulation board configured on the
NR8000 device for accessing the wired packet network.
The CES service is restored into a Native TDM service
through the emulation board configured on another NR8000
device.
This function has the following advantages:

l Supports the Ethernet switching function with a
maximum switching capacity of 22 Gbit/s.
l Provides 10/100/1000 Mbps adaptive ports, and
supports the auto-negotiation function and automatic
transmission rate adjustment.
l Supports statistics of Ethernet bandwidth utilization
and remote monitoring.
l Supports 16 K Medium Access Control (MAC) address
spaces.
l Supports 9600-byte Jumbo frames.
l Supports the STP/RSTP/MSTP function. It prevents
packets from being multiplied and circulated in a
ring network, and ensures that the system packet
processing capability will not degrade due to repeatedly
Ethernet Ethernet switching receiving the same packets.
l Supports the Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)
function, which includes continuity check, loopback
check, link tracing, remote defect indication, frame loss
rate measurement, alarm indication, administrative
locking, and signal testing.
l Supports the Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) function,
which includes link frame-level detection and statistics
management, and reports the alarm status of relevant
links to users in a timely manner.
l Supports the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
function, which enables devices of different vendors
to recognize each other in the network and exchange
system configuration information with each other.
l Supports the Link Aggregation Control Protocol
(LACP) function, through which multiple member links
1-7

are bound to form an aggregation group, increasing

point-to-point bandwidth and redundancy between two
devices.
l Supports the Ethernet Ring Protection Switching
(ERPS) function, which is operating on all NEs in a ring
network. The Connectivity Fault Management (CFM)
module checks link connectivity in the ring network and
reports link faults to ERPS to ensure that each NE can
operate properly.
l Supports the Ethernet Linear Protection Switching
(ELPS) function. The ELPS function, based on ITU
G.8031, mainly performs end-to-end protection for
the VLAN-based point-to-point Ethernet services. It
satisfies the requirement of the carrier-class Ethernet
50 ms switching, supports port+Vlan-based protection,
that is, QinQ tunnel-based protection, and supports 12
protection groups in maximum.
l Supports the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
function, which dynamically checks the microwave
network topology and calculates the route table for the
IP layer to forward data.
QoS is a network security mechanism, which helps solve

network delay and congestion problems.
The NR8250 determines the scheduling priority of a packet
in accordance with the information such as 802.1q priority,
Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) priority, and
MPLS label in the packet. It ensures that important packets
are not delayed or discarded and the network can operate
properly.
This functions has the following advantages:
l Supports various scheduling types, including Strict
Quality of Service Priority (SP), Weighted Round Robin (WRR), Deficit
(QoS) Weighted Round Robin (DWRR), WFQ, SP+WRR,
SP+DWRR, and SP+WFQ.
l Supports three packet discarding functions: end
discarding, simple early random discarding and
weighted early random discarding.
l Supports the storm suppression function for unknown
unicast, unknown multicast, known multicast, and
broadcast.
l Supports the aging time setting.
l Supports the traffic shaping function for outgoing
services.
1-8

Chapter 1 Overview
l Supports the control list access function. In other

words, the input data packets are categorized in
accordance with filtering conditions such as source
address, destination address, and port number of
the packets. This function implements a series of
operations for specific service flows, including flow
control, black/white list, priority mapping, and flow
statistics.
1-9

1-10

Chapter 2
System Architecture
Table of Contents
Logical Architecture....................................................................................................2-1
Hardware Architecture................................................................................................2-3
Software Architecture .................................................................................................2-6
2.1 Logical Architecture

Figure 2-1 shows the logical architecture of the NR8250 system.
2-1

Figure 2-1 System Logical Architecture
IDU
l Radio Core Cross-connect Unit (RCU)
It implements functions including system control, system clock synchronization,
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) service cross connections, and Ethernet service
switching.
l Radio Traffic Unit (RTU)
It accesses GE/FE, E1, and STM-1/4 services.
l Radio Modulation Unit (RMU)
2-2

Chapter 2 System Architecture
It encodes baseband signals sent from the RCU, modulates them into Intermediate
Frequency (IF) signals, and sends them to ODU(s) via the IF interface.
It also receives IF signals sent from ODU(s), demodulates and decodes them, and
sends them to the RCU.
l Power Module (PM): It is the power supply module of the IDU.
l Radio Power Unit (RPU): It is the power supply module of ODU.
l Radio Fan Asset (RFA): It is the fan board of the IDU.
ODU
It is placed outdoors, together with an antenna, implementing RF signal transmitting and
receiving.
2.2 Hardware Architecture

2.2.1 IDU
Figure 2-2 shows the hardware architecture of the IDU.
Figure 2-2 IDU Hardware Architecture
For the relationship between the boards and corresponding slots, refer to Table 2-1.
Table 2-1 Relationship Between Boards and Corresponding Slots
Slot No. Board Type Board
1–2 RCU RCUB
2–8 RTU RTUA, RTUB, RTUC, RTUD, RTUE, RTUNO,

RTUNE, RTUNP, RTUHO, RTUHE
2–8 RSU RSUA
3–8 RMU RMUC, RMUD, RMUE, RMUH
14, 15 PM PM3
13 RPU RPUA, RPUC
16 RFA RFAB
2-3

2.2.2 ODU
SRU ODU
For the structure of an SRU ODU, see Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-3 SRU ODU
1. Grounding interface 3. Receiving level indication 4. Antenna interface

2. IF interface interface
A400 ODU
For the structure of an A400 ODU, see Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5.
2-4

Figure 2-4 A400 ODU (6 GHz–11 GHz)
1. Receiving level indication 3. Grounding interface 5. Antenna interface (coaxial

interface 4. Antenna interface cable type)
2. IF interface (waveguide type)
2-5

Figure 2-5 A400 ODU (13GHz–38 GHz)
1. Grounding interface 3. Receiving level indication 4. Antenna interface

2. IF interface interface
2.3 Software Architecture

The NR8250 software system is based on the Software Defined Radio (SDR) platform. It
consists of the following subsystems:
l Product application subsystem
l Configuration management subsystem
l Resource management subsystem
l Protocol stack subsystem
l Driver adaptive layer subsystem
l Radio RF link management subsystem
l SDR/L2 and SDR/L3 subsystems
l Board Support Package (BSP) subsystem
Product Application Subsystem (Product Application)

This subsystem implements the following functions:
l Network Management System (NMS) access control

l Database System (DBS) data table and trigger definitions
2-6

l Alarm definition
l Performance counter definition
l Web server
l Time management
l Environment management
Configuration Management Subsystem (CFG)

This subsystem implements the following functions:
l Equipment (rack) configuration
l Ethernet service configuration
l TDM service configuration
l Radio parameter configuration
l Clock configuration
l Protocol stack configuration
It ensures that the back-end configuration data can be correctly written into the front-end
DBS.
Resource Management Subsystem (RM)

This subsystem manages and updates resource status in a centralized manner, and
provides resource-related operating interfaces for other subsystems.
Protocol Stack Subsystem (Protocol)

This subsystem implements Ethernet-related protocols, and processes Ethernet
protocol packets entering the CPU in accordance with the configuration data. It
processes clock-related services, including clock source management, clock protocol
implementation, and clock source selection.
Driver Adaptive Layer Subsystem (MUX)

This subsystem transceives incoming/outgoing packets of the CPU, and provides the
unified hardware operating interface for upper-layer service processing entities.
Radio RF Link Management Subsystem (RPM)

This subsystem manages Intermediate Frequency (IF) and Radio Frequency (RF) devices,
implements the Automatic Transmitter Power Control (ATPC) function, and protects RF
links.
SDR/L2 and SDR/L3 Subsystems

The two subsystems provide bottom-layer supports for the software operating
environment, including Operating System (OS) encapsulation and standard Operation &
Maintenance (O&M) for devices.
2-7

BSP Subsystem
This subsystem drives bottom-layer hardware and provides the hardware Application
Programming Interface (API) for upper-layer subsystems.
2-8

Chapter 3
Signal Flows
Table of Contents
Service Flows.............................................................................................................3-1
Management Plane Signal Flow .................................................................................3-9
3.1 Service Flows

3.1.1 TDM Service Flow
The Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) service of the NR8250 involves E1, STM-1, and
STM-4. Figure 3-1 shows the TDM service flow. Figure 3-2 shows the CES service flow.
Figure 3-1 TDM Service Flow
3-1

Figure 3-2 CES Service Flow
Transmitting Direction
1. RTU
l RTUA/RTUC/RTUH
a. Receives E1 signals, and performs HDB3 coding.
b. Encapsulates PDH signals, and transmits them to the switching plane through
the backplane.
l RTUB
a. Receives E1/STM-1/STM-4 signals.
Note:
For E1 signals, the system should perform the following mapping and
multiplexing process: E1 signal -> VC-12 signal -> VC-4 signal.
b. Transmits VC-4 signals to the timeslot cross unit of RTUB.
3-2

Chapter 3 Signal Flows
c. Encapsulates SDH signals, and transmits them to the switching plane through
the backplane.
l RTUD
Encapsulates the accessed E1 signals into Ethernet packets and send them to
the switching plane through the backplane.
l RTUE
Resolves the VC12 signals from the accessed STM-1 signals, encapsulates the
VC12 signals into CES Ethernet packets, and sends them to the switching plane
through the backplane.
2. RCU
Receives the encapsulated signals sent from RTU, selects the port in accordance with
the switching policy, and transmits data frames to RMU through the backplane.
3. RMU
a. Maps TDM service signals to the payload area of microwave frames and adds
overhead of microwave frames to form complete microwave frames.
b. Combines the formed analog IF signals and ODU O&M signals through FEC
coding, digital modulation, D/A conversion, and modulation/demodulation.
c. Transmits the combined signals and -48 V power supply signals to ODUs through
IF cables.
4. ODU
a. Separates analog IF signals, ODU O&M signals, and -48 V power supply signals.
b. Converts the analog IF signals to RF signals of the transmitting frequency through
up conversion and signal amplification.
c. Transmits RF signals to the antenna through waveguide.
Receiving Direction
1. ODU
a. Separates and filters RF signals.
b. Performs down conversion and signal amplification to convert RF signals to analog
IF signals.
c. Transmits the combined signals that consist of analog IF signals and ODU O&M
signals to RMU through IF cables.
2. RMU
3-3

a. Separates the received combined signals into analog IF signals and ODU O&M
signals.
b. Performs A/D conversion, digital demodulation, FEC demodulation, frame
synchronization, and descrambling.
c. Extracts TDM service signal frames from microwave frames, and transmits them
to RCU through the backplane.
3. RCU
Processes received data frames, and outputs SDH/PDH signals to the port selected
in accordance with the switching policy.
4. RTU
l RTUA/RTUC/RTUH
a. Receives PDH signals, and performs HDB3 decoding.
b. Outputs E1 signals.
l RTUB
a. Receives SDH signals.
b. Transmits VC-4 signals to the timeslot cross unit of RTUB.
c. Performs the following processing in accordance with the signal type
outputted by RTUB.
If... Then...
RTUB outputs E1 signals i. Demultiplex VC-4 signals to VC-12 signals.
ii. Transmit VC-12 signals to the timeslot cross unit of

RTUB.
iii. De-map VC-12 signals to E1 signals.
iv. Perform HDB3 decoding to output E1 signals.
RTUB outputs Output STM-1/STM-4 signals.

STM-1/STM-4 signals
l RTUD
Receives Ethernet signals and restore them to E1 signals.
l RTUE
Receives Ethernet signals and restore them to STM-1 VC12 signals.
3.1.2 Ethernet Service Flow

This section supposes that Ethernet service is accessed from the RTUN board. Figure 3-3
shows the Ethernet service flow of the NR8250.
3-4

Figure 3-3 Ethernet Service Flow
Transmitting Direction
1. RTUH/RTUN
Receives Ethernet signals, selects the port through which data is switched to the
backplane in accordance with the switching policy, and sends data frames to RCU
2. RCU
Transmits data frames to RMU through the backplane in accordance with the switching
policy.
3. RMU
a. Maps Ethernet frames to the payload area of microwave frames and adds
overhead of microwave frames to form complete microwave frames.
b. Combines the formed analog IF signals and ODU O&M signals through FEC
coding, digital modulation, D/A conversion, and modulation/demodulation.
c. Transmits the combined signals and -48 V power supply signals to ODUs through
IF cables.
4. ODU
a. Separates analog IF signals, ODU O&M signals, and -48 V power supply signals.
3-5

b. Converts the analog IF signals to RF signals of the transmitting frequency through

up conversion and signal amplification.
Receiving Direction
1. ODU
b. Performs down conversion and signal amplification to convert RF signals to analog
IF signals.
c. Transmits the combined signals that consist of analog IF signals and ODU O&M
signals to RMU through IF cables.
2. RMU
a. Separates the received combined signals into analog IF signals and ODU O&M
signals.
b. Performs A/D conversion, digital demodulation, FEC demodulation, frame
synchronization, and descrambling.
c. Extracts Ethernet frames from microwave frames, and sends them to RCU through
the backplane.
3. RCU
Transmits data frames to RTUN through the backplane in accordance with the
switching policy.
4. RTUH/RTUN
Processes received data frames, and selects the port to output Ethernet service
signals in accordance with the switching policy.
3.1.3 Auxiliary Service Flow

The auxiliary services include EOW, SC, and EDI. Figure 3-4 shows the auxiliary service
flow of the NR8250.
3-6

Figure 3-4 Auxiliary Service Flow
Transmission
l EOW/SC Functions
1. RSUA
Encapsulates EOW/SC into Ethernet packets and sends them to the RCU board
2. RCU
Switches the EOW/SC Ethernet packets to the corresponding air interfaces.
3. RMU
De-encapsulates the Ethernet packets of EOW and sends them to the opposite
end through the dedicated TDM channel.
4. ODU
a. Separates analog IF signals, ODU O&M signals, and -48 V power supply
signals.
b. Converts the analog IF signals to RF signals on the transmitting frequency
through up conversion and signal amplification.
3-7


l EDI Functions
1. RSUA
Reads EDI input alarms periodically, and sends the EDI information to RCU
2. RCU
Reports or removes alarms in accordance with the EDI information sent from
RSUA.
Reception
l EOW/SC Functions
1. ODU
b. Performs down conversion and signal amplification to convert RF signals to
analog IF signals.
c. Transmits the combined signals that consist of analog IF signals and ODU
OAM signals to RMU through IF cables.
2. RMU
Encapsulates the EOW packets from the ODU and sends them to RCU through
the backplane.
3. RCU
Transmits EOW/SC packets to RSUA through the backplane.
4. RSUA
Logically de-encapsulates the Ethernet packets of EOW, processes them, and
transmits them to the voice chip. The voice chip transmits voice signals to the
earphone.
Logically de-encapsulates the Ethernet packets of SC, processes them, and
transmits them to the DTE terminal through the SC port.
l EDI Functions
1. RCU
Detects alarms in the system and notifies RSUA of any alarms.
3-8

2. RSUA
Reports EDI output alarms through the EDI output interface after receiving EDI
output alarm notifications from theRCU.
3.2 Management Plane Signal Flow

Control signals of the NR8250 are transmitted in the in-band mode. Control signals and
user data are separated by Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN).
l The control signal flow is input from the Ethernet board or the IF board (RMU), and
forwarded to the main control board (RCU) for switching.
l In accordance with MAC addresses or IP addresses contained in the control signal
flow, the main control board determines whether the control signals should be
processed by the software of the main control board. The control plane data to be
processed is switched to the CPU of the main control board for processing.
l After being processed, the control plane signal flow, which is marked with the VLAN
ID by the main control board for distinction, is sent to the data switching plane from
the CPU, switched to the ports of different boards, and sent outwards.
Figure 3-5 shows the control signal flow of the NR8250.
Figure 3-5 Control Signal Flow of NR8250
3-9

3-10

Chapter 4
System Principles
Table of Contents
System Clock Principle...............................................................................................4-1
Power Supply Principle...............................................................................................4-3
Operation and Maintenance Principle .........................................................................4-4
Reliability Principle .....................................................................................................4-8
4.1 System Clock Principle

4.1.1 Clock Synchronization Types
For the input/output clock sources supported by the NR8250, refer to Table 4-1.
Table 4-1 Input/Output Clock Sources Supported by NR8250
Clock Source Type Description Standard Followed
BITS clock The BITS clock signal is inputted from the CLK ITU-T G.813 standard
IN/OUT port on the RCU panel. The BITS clock
has two modes: 2 Mbps and 2 MHz. Users can
configure the clock mode through software.
SyncE synchronization The NR8250 supports the Master-output/Slave- ITU-T G.8262

gigabit/megabit input mode. The synchronization Ethernet clock standard
Ethernet clock signal is inputted/outputted from the gigabit or
megabit Ethernet interface of RCU/RTUH/RTUN.
Synchronous Digital The NR8250 extracts the clock signal from STM-N ITU-T G.813 standard
Hierarchy (SDH) clock physical fiber (namely, the clock signal is extracted
from the STM1/STM4 optical service inputted
from the electrical interface of RTUB), and it has
nothing to do with the service that the optical fiber
bears. The clock signal outputted from STM-1/4 is
forwarded to the lower-level NEs.
Microwave air-interface The NR8250 restores the clock signal from the ITU-T G.813 standard
clock air interface, and uses it as the system reference
clock source.
1PPS+TOD clock The 1PPS+TOD clock signal is inputted/outputted ITU-T G.813 standard
from the CLK IN/OUT port on the RCUB panel.
4-1

Clock Source Type Description Standard Followed
1588v2 clock The NR8250 supports the 1588v2 protocol. The ITU-T G.8263
clock signal from the 1588v2 Slave of the gigabit standard
Ethernet interface of RCU/RTUH/RTUNserves as
the clock source.
The supported clock types include common clock,
edge clock, and transparent clock.
l If an NR8250 is used as a secondary common
clock, it synchronizes with upper-level NEs
through the 1588v2 protocol. If an NR8250 is
used as a primary common clock, it outputs
the clock signal to the lower-level NEs through
the 1588v2 protocol.
l If an NR8250 is used as a transparent
clock, it satisfies the clock synchronization
requirement of terminal devices through the
point-to-point existence delay modification
for 1588v2 packets that are transparently
transferred in the microwave network.
l If an NR8250 is used as an edge clock, it
forwards the clock synchronization signal in
the microwave network to satisfy the clock
synchronization requirement of terminal
devices.
Plesiochronous Digital The NR8250 extracts the clock signal from the E1 ITU-T G.823 standard
Hierarchy (PDH) clock interface of RTUB/RTUC/RTUH, and uses it as
the system reference clock source.
4.1.2 Clock Synchronization Principles

A microwave network that consists of NR8250s bears SDH services and radio services. It
is a synchronization network, synchronizing time in the primary/secondary synchronization
mode.
An NE node in the microwave network is taken as the primary clock, and synchronizes
with the upper-level high-precision clock. It is configured with a high-precision local crystal
oscillator, which is used for keeping the clock or as the primary clock when no external
high-precision clock is available. Other NE nodes in the network trace the primary clock,
and control corresponding lower-level NE nodes in accordance with the primary clock.
Figure 4-1 shows the clock signal transferring diagram of the NR8250.
4-2

Chapter 4 System Principles
Figure 4-1 Clock Signal Transferring Diagram
1. After the system clock of IDU1 locks a reference clock source, it transfers the clock
signal to IDU2 through microwave air interface, synchronization Ethernet, or optical
fiber, and works as the reference clock source of IDU2.
2. IDU2 can lock its system clock to the reference clock source and outputs the system
clock signal to implement the clock transferring function.
4.2 Power Supply Principle

4.2.1 Power Supply Connection
The NR8250 uses the standard -48 V communication power supply. The IDU and relevant
ODUs use different power supplies.
l The IDU gets the -48 V power supply from the PM module, which supports the 1+1
backup function and has a maximum power of 300 W.
l An ODU gets power supply from the IF interface of the RMU board, which gets
power supply from the RPUA board. The maximum power of an RPUA is 210 W,
and an RPUA can provide power supply to six ODUs at most. The RPUA board
performs functions including Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) protection for
circuits, reverse-connection prevention, and O-Ring.
4.2.2 Power Distribution

The PM module provides the 12 V power supply for boards in all slots. The RPUA board
provides the -48 V power supply for boards in slots 3 to 6. Figure 4-2 shows the power
distribution of the NR8250.
4-3

Figure 4-2 NR8250 Power Distribution
4.3 Operation and Maintenance Principle

4.3.1 Configuration Modes
The NR8250 provides various login methods and configuration management methods to
facilitate equipment maintenance. Users can select appropriate connection configuration
modes in accordance with actual conditions.
l WEB configuration mode
Users manage equipment through the HTTP protocol. After entering the IP address of
an NR8250 in the Internet Explorer, users can log in to the WEB-formed LMT system
and manage the equipment.
l EMS configuration mode
The back-end network management server operates as the Simple Network

Management Protocol (SNMP) server, and the front-end NR8250 operates as
the SNMP client. The front-end and the back-end share the same Management
Information Base (MIB) database, and equipment management is implemented
through the network management system. This connection configuration mode
helps users effectively manage and configure the equipment through the network
management system.
4-4

4.3.2 Data Management

The data management module helps users manage the NR8250 configuration data. It
ensures that the configuration data can be issued to each service board reliably and
accurately.
Data Storage
In the NR8250 system, the main control board uses a 256 MB flash to save data. The
flash stores various files, including version files, configuration files, exception log files, and
performance files.
4.3.3 Security Management

The security management module helps LMT users maintain the operation rights, including
querying rights, adding rights, deleting rights, and setting rights and passwords for users.
The user rights hierarchy function is used to manage the equipment operation commands.
The configuration right and browsing right are available to users. Those who only have
the browsing right can only access the configuration window but cannot modify the
configuration data.
At most 10 users can be added through the security management module. There are three
roles: administrator, operator, and browsing user.
l The administrator can perform all query operations and configuration operations, add
or delete users, set locked user information, and disable or enable users.
l An operator can perform query operations and configuration operations.
l A browsing user can only perform query operations.
All users can modify their own passwords.
The security management module also provides the IP rule filtering function and the Trap
IP control-table enabling function for the NetNumen U31 system.
Figure 4-3 shows the security management signal flow.
Figure 4-3 Security Management Signal Flow
4-5

4.3.4 Alarm Management

Alarm Management Functions
The alarm management module is one of the application modules of the Operation,
Administration and Maintenance (OAM) subsystem. It provides the following functions:
l Monitors the operating status of each module/unit in the system, and collects status
messages, alarm messages, and alarm recovery messages of each monitored unit.
l Analyzes these messages and sends them to the back-end after appropriate proc-
essing, It enables the back-end network management system to monitor the entire
system operations in real time.
l Notifies relevant application systems to troubleshoot faults in accordance with the
alarm influence range.
l Reflects the real-time operating status of the equipment, software, and environment,
and locates faulty units accurately in real time.
l Provides detailed information of fault descriptions and fault occurring time.
l Provides possible fault causes, troubleshooting solutions, and suggestions.
Alarm Management Mechanism

Figure 4-4 shows the alarm management mechanism.
Figure 4-4 Alarm Management Mechanism
l The main control board stores all the alarm bitmap information of the equipment, and
collects alarm information of each board through the alarm collection management
function. Each board can also automatically reports alarm information to the alarm
agent module.
l The agent management function reconstructs alarm information. The alarm agent
module extracts useful alarm information and sends it to the main control board. The
main control board manages alarm information in a unified manner.
4-6

4.3.5 Monitoring and Maintenance

The monitoring and maintenance module helps users not only find all faults of the
equipment but also troubleshoot the faults in a timely manner. It ensures proper
operations of the equipment.
Equipment Monitoring
l The maintenance terminal provides all alarm information of the equipment and
monitors the status and operations of the equipment in real time. It handles all
abnormal alarms that affect the equipment operations in a timely manner to ensure
that the equipment can operate properly.
l Alarm information is divided into four levels:
à critical
à major
à minor
à warning
Alarm levels enable users to handle critical alarms as soon as possible.
l Indicators are designed on the power board, main control board, and each controlled
board. The color and flashing frequency of each indicator reflects the operating status
of the corresponding board, whether the board has an alarm, and the alarm level.
l When the equipment is being started, the system gives a sound prompt, indicating
whether the equipment is powered on properly. The system also provides sound alarm
and rotating speed alarm for the fans if they are faulty.
l The system uses the active/standby configuration. When the active equipment
becomes faulty, the system automatically perform active/standby equipment
switchover to ensure that the system can operate properly.
Equipment Maintenance
l The multi-user operation mode is implemented through the user rights hierarchy.
l During the equipment operating process, all alarm information is recorded. When
a fault occurs, users can find the fault causes through the log information and
troubleshoot the fault in a timely manner.
l When the equipment is powered down or restarts, the system provides a special alarm
handling policy to ensure that the original alarm information will not be lost after the
equipment is powered on or restarted.
l Association or filtering shielding processing is performed for redundant alarms of the
equipment, ensuring that important alarms are provided.
l In the LMT system, users check the operating status of the equipment.
l In the LMT system, users can check the service performance data of the equipment,
including 15-minute performance data of one day and 24-hour performance data of
10 days.
4-7

4.3.6 Diagnosis and Debugging

The NR8250 provides various diagnosis and debugging methods, helping users get
sufficient debugging information during the equipment debugging process.
The NR8250 provides a dedicated diagnosis and debugging command mode and
comparatively complete diagnosis and debugging functions. Users can check the
equipment at any time, and remotely find and locate faults.
4.3.7 Software Upgrading

The NR8250 supports software upgrading through Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT) or
Element Management System (EMS).
4.4 Reliability Principle

4.4.1 Hardware Reliability
The NR8250 system uses the redundancy design to improve the hardware reliability.
l Power supply protection
The IDU and ODUs use different power supplies, and all the power supplies support
1+1 backup protection.
l Control-switching-plane active/standby protection
The system supports active/standby protection for the main control board and clock.
When the active board becomes faulty, the standby board is automatically switched
over to operate as the active board. During the active/standby switchover, an
instantaneous service interruption is allowed.
l Air interface protection
The system supports three protection modes: 1+1 hot backup protection, 1+1 space
diversity protection, and 1+1 frequency diversity protection.
4.4.2 Software Reliability

l The software development of the NR8250 complies with the Capability Maturity Model
(CMM) specification.
l Unified and portable system platform
The NR8250 uses a modularized software system platform, which completely shields
the hardware features and makes the application layer independent of the hardware.
It provides a unified and portable system platform for various applications.
l Hierarchical modularized structure
4-8

The NR8250 uses a hierarchical modularized software structure to implement a high

cohesion and low coupling. It reduces the influence of an errored software module on
other software modules to the minimum extent.
l Uninterrupted upgrading
The NR8250 supports upgrading software by installing the software patch. The
software of a controlled board can be upgraded online without affecting the main
control board. It improves the service transmission capability as well as the system
availability and service quality.
4.4.3 Data Reliability

The NR8250 provides a strict data protection mechanism.
l It supports real-time synchronous data backup between the active board and the
standby board. When the active board is faulty, the standby board is automatically
switched over to operate as the active board, and its program and data take effect
immediately. Because the standby board's data is consistent with that of the active
board, the upper-layer service transmission will not be affected.
l It supports automatically backing up the database of the active board to the Flash
storage area. In this way, the active board can acquire the data directly from the
Flash storage area.
l It provides the active/standby 1+1 protection mode of the radio link to ensure the
service transmission data reliability. The active/standby 1+1 protection mode has the
following three types:
à 1+1 space diversity protection
à 1+1 frequency diversity protection
à 1+1 hot backup protection
l The version management function enables the system to initiate the version
consistency check periodically. If data inconsistency is found, an alarm is reported,
and the incorrect software version is prohibited to be activated and loaded. The
system also notifies users to re-download the software version package to recover
the data.
4-9

4-10

Chapter 5
Radio Protection
Configurations
Table of Contents
1+0 No-Protection Configuration ................................................................................5-1
1+1 HSB Configuration...............................................................................................5-2
1+1 SD Configuration .................................................................................................5-4
1+1 FD Configuration .................................................................................................5-6
2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration .......................................................................5-7
2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration .....................................................................................5-8
2+2 XPIC SD Configuration......................................................................................5-11
N+1 Protection Configuration (for STM-1 Services Only) .........................................5-13
5.1 1+0 No-Protection Configuration

Configuration Requirements
Note:
The configuration requirements described in this chapter are only suitable for one-hop
links.
Component Quantity and Available Slots
Indoor Unit (IDU) Two
Radio Modulation Unit Two (each IDU is configured with one RMU), inserted in any of slots 3
(RMU) to 8
Outdoor Unit (ODU) Two
Antenna Two
Intermediate Frequency Two

(IF) cable
5-1

1+0 No-Protection Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-1 1+0 No-Protection Configuration Illustration
1+0 No-Protection System Block Diagram
Figure 5-2 1+0 No-Protection System Block Diagram
In the 1+0 no-protection configuration, a microwave link has only one operating channel
and does not have any standby channel.
5.2 1+1 HSB Configuration

HSB is short for Hot Standby. In this configuration mode, 1+1 hot backup protection is
implemented for RMUs and ODUs.
IDU Two
RMU Four (each IDU is configured with two RMUs), inserted in slots 3 and
4, slots 5 and 6, or slots 7 and 8
ODU Four
Antenna Two
IF cable Four
5-2

Chapter 5 Radio Protection Configurations
Combiner Two
Figure 5-3 shows the slot allocation for RMUs in the 1+1 HSB configuration mode.
Figure 5-3 Slot Allocation for RMUs in 1+1 HSB Configuration Mode
The following slots are mutually protected:

l slots 3 and 4
l slots 5 and 6
l slots 7 and 8
Note:
The slot allocation for 1+1 Space Diversity (SD) configuration and 1+1 Frequency Diversity
(FD) configuration are the same as that for 1+1 HSB configuration.
1+1 HSB Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-4 1+1 HSB Configuration Illustration
5-3

1+1 HSB System Block Diagram
Figure 5-5 1+1 HSB System Block Diagram
l In the transmitting direction: Service signals are transmitted to the active RMU and
the standby RMU. Normally, the active ODU transmits RF signals to the antennas
while the standby ODU does not transmit signal. When the active RMU or ODU
becomes faulty, the active ODU stops transmitting signals and the standby ODU starts
transmitting signals.
l In the receiving direction: The system selects one channel of service signals
with better signal quality from the two that are transmitted by the opposite-end
active/standby ODUs.
5.3 1+1 SD Configuration

SD is short for Space Diversity. In this configuration mode, 1+1 backup protection is
implemented for channels. Two spatially-separated antennas are used to receive the same
signal. The system selects the optimal one from the two received signals, which minimizes
the impact of attenuation on signal transmission.
IDU Two
ODU Four
Antenna Four
5-4

IF cable Four
1+1 SD Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-6 1+1 SD Configuration Illustration
1+1 SD System Block Diagram
Figure 5-7 1+1 SD System Block Diagram
l In the transmitting direction: Service signals are transmitted to the active RMU and the
standby RMU. Normally, the active ODU transmits RF signals to the antenna while the
standby ODU does not transmit signal. When the active RMU or ODU becomes faulty,
the active ODU stops transmitting signals and the standby ODU starts transmitting
signals.
5-5

5.4 1+1 FD Configuration

FD is short for Frequency Diversity. In this configuration mode, 1+1 backup protection
is implemented for channels. Two channels with a certain frequency spacing are used
to transmit and receive the same signals. The system selects the optimal one from the
received two signals, which minimizes the impact of attenuation on signal transmission.
IDU Two
ODU Four
Antenna Two
IF cable Four
Combiner Two
1+1 FD Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-8 1+1 FD Configuration Illustration
5-6

1+1 FD System Block Diagram
Figure 5-9 1+1 FD System Block Diagram
l In the transmitting direction: Service signals are transmitted to the active RMU and
the standby RMU. The active ODU transmits RF signals with the F1 frequency to the
antenna, and the standby ODU transmits RF signals with the F2 frequency to the
antenna. F1 and F2 are scarcely correlated.
l In the receiving direction: The active ODU and the standby ODU respectively
extract RF signals of F1 frequency and F2 frequency from the signals received
from the antenna. The system selects the service signal with better quality from the
corresponding RMU.
5.5 2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration

IDU Two
RMUC/RMUH Four (each IDU is configured with two RMUs), inserted in

slots 3 and 4, slots 5 and 6, or slots 7 and 8
ODU Four
Antenna Two
IF cable Four
XPIC cross-connect cable Four
5-7

2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-10 2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration Illustration
2+0 XPIC No-Protection System Block Diagram
Figure 5-11 2+0 XPIC No-Protection System Block Diagram
5.6 2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration

IDU Two
RMUC/RMUH Eight (each IDU is configured with four RMUs), inserted

in slots 5 to 8
5-8

ODU Eight
Antenna Two
IF cable Eight
Combiner Four
XPIC cross-connect cable Eight
2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-12 2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration Illustration
In the 2+2 XPIC HSB configuration mode, an active ODU and its standby ODU are
connected to the same antenna through a combiner, providing HSB protection.
5-9

2+2 XPIC HSB System Block Diagram
Figure 5-13 2+2 XPIC HSB System Block Diagram
l In the transmitting direction: Normally, the active ODUs transmit RF signals to the
antennas while the standby ODUs do not transmit signal.
à When an active ODU is faulty, the corresponding standby ODU transmits RF

signals to the antenna, and the active ODU does not transmit signal.
à When an active RMUC is faulty, the corresponding standby RMUC modulates

signals, and the corresponding standby ODU transmits RF signals to the antenna.
The active ODU does not transmit signal.
5-10

5.7 2+2 XPIC SD Configuration

IDU Two
RMUC/RMUH Eight (each IDU is configured with four RMUs), inserted

in slots 5 to 8
ODU Eight
Antenna Four
IF cable Eight
XPIC cross-connect cable Eight
2+2 XPIC SD Configuration Illustration
Figure 5-14 2+2 XPIC SD Configuration Illustration
5-11

2+2 XPIC SD System Block Diagram
Figure 5-15 2+2 XPIC SD System Block Diagram
l In the transmitting direction: Normally, the active ODUs transmit RF signals to the
antennas while the standby ODUs do not transmit signal.
à When an active ODU is faulty, the corresponding standby ODU transmits RF

signals to the antenna, and the active ODU does not transmit signal.
à When an active RMU is faulty, the corresponding standby RMU modulates
signals, and the corresponding standby ODU transmits RF signals to the
antenna. The active ODU does not transmit signals.
l In the receiving direction: The system receives the service signal with better signal
quality from the two that are transmitted by the opposite-end active/standby ODUs.
5-12

5.8 N+1 Protection Configuration (for STM-1 Services

Only)
N+1 protection is configured to protect RMUs and ODUs.
IDU Two
RMU 2× (N+1), where N≤3, installed in slots 3–8
ODU 2×(N+1), where 1<N<3
Antenna Two
IF cable Eight
Combiner Four
Figure 5-16 shows the slot allocation for RMUs in N+1 configuration mode.
Figure 5-16 Slot Allocation for RMUs in N+1 Configuration Mode
The RMUs in N+1 protection mode can be installed in slots 3–8.
N+1 Configuration Illustration (N=3 for Example)
Figure 5-17 3+1 Configuration Illustration
5-13

System Block Diagram of N+1 Configuration (N=3 for Example)
Figure 5-18 System Block Diagram of 3+1 Configuration
In N+1 protection mode, N indicates the number of working channels and 1 indicates one
protection channel. If the RMU or ODU on a working channel fails, its services are switched
to the protection channel for transmission and reception.
If the services on multiple working channels fail at the same time, those on the channel
with the highest priority are switched to the protection channel.
A smaller working channel number indicates a higher priority.
The protection channel has the lowest priority. TDM services can be configured on the
protection channel, but will be interrupted if a working channel fails. In this case, the
protection channel is used to transmit the TDM services on the failed working channel.
5-14

Chapter 6
NR8250 and NR8950 Combo
Configuration
Table of Contents
Combo Configuration Overview ..................................................................................6-1
PoE Power Supply .....................................................................................................6-2
DC Power Supply .......................................................................................................6-9
6.1 Combo Configuration Overview

The NR8250 and NR8950 combo configuration is required in the following cases:
l For a site using NR8950, if this site needs to communicate with more than two sites
in different directions, the data of multiple NR8950 nodes cannot be cross-connected
or interconnected. In this case, the cross-connection and interconnection functions
need to be implemented by an IDU.
l If a base station or base station controller needs to provide E1/STM-1 access, an IDU
is required to achieve E1/STM-1 simulation and restoration.
Configuration Scenarios
The NR8250 and NR8950 combo configuration supports two kinds of power supplies.
l PoE power supply

à Connection mode: The NR8250 is connected to the electrical interface
(GbE1&PoE) of NR8950 through the RTUNP GbE interface (supporting PoE) for
data transmission and power supply.
à Connection quantity: For the NR8250, only the ETH port of the RTUNP board
supports PoE. Each RTUNP supports two PoE outputs, which means that it
supports to connect two NR8950s. Each NR8250 supports up to six RTUNP
boards, which means that totally 12 NR8950s can be connected.
l DC power supply
à Connection mode: The NR8250 uses the RTUNE/RTUNO board instead of

RTUNP, and can be connected to the NR8950 through a GbE port. DC power is
supplied to NR8950 through the PWR port.
6-1

à Connection quantity: For the NR8250, except the RTUNP board, the ETH port of
other boards can be connected to the NR8950 through the GbE interfaces. Each
NR8250 can support seven RTUNO/RTUNE boards in slots 2–8. Slots 2–4 are
high speed slots that support 12 NR8950s. Slots 5–8 are low speed slots that
support eight NR8950s. Therefore 20 NR8950s can be connected totally.
Unified Management
When an IDU (NR8250) and an AOU (NR8950) are used in combination, the AOU is
configured and managed as a special component of the IDU.
l LMT management: The IDU, providing a unified configuration and management
interface, maintains and manages the AOU that it connects to.
l EMS management: Only an IDU NE is displayed on the network topological view, and
the AOU device is managed through the IDU NE.
l If the AOU is controlled by the IDU, the operation mode can be configured to hosting
mode or standalone mode.
6.2 PoE Power Supply

6.2.1 1+0 No-Protection Configuration
Configuration Requirements (Each Site)
1+0 N x (1+0) (N=2,3,…,12)
NR8950 1 N (N=2,3,…,12)
NR8250 1 1
RTUNP 1 (N/2) Integer of (N=2,3,…,12)
Antenna 1 N (N=2,3,…,12)
Ethernet Cable 60 m (N x 60) m (N=2,3,…,12)
6-2

Chapter 6 NR8250 and NR8950 Combo Configuration
Figure 6-1 1+0 No-Protection Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.2.2 1+1 HSB Configuration

Component Quantity and Slot
1+1 HSB N x (1+1) HSB (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8950 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8250 1 1
RTUNP 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
Antenna 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
Combiner 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
Protection Cable 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
6-3

Figure 6-2 1+1 HSB Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.2.3 1+1 SD Configuration

1+1 SD N x (1+1) SD (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8950 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8250 1 1
RTUNP 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
Antenna 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,6)
6-4

1+1 SD Configuration Illustration
Figure 6-3 1+1 SD Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.2.4 1+1 FD Configuration

1+1 FD ） FD (N=2,3,…,6)
N x (1+1）
NR8950 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8250 1 1
RTUNP 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
Antenna 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
6-5

1+1 FD Configuration Illustration
Figure 6-4 1+1 FD Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.2.5 2+0 XPIC No-Protection Configuration

2+0 XPIC N x (2+0) XPIC (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8950 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,6)
NR8250 1 1
RTUNP 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
Antenna 1 N (N=2,3,…,6)
XIF Cable 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,6)
6-6

Figure 6-5 2+0 No-Protection Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.2.6 2+2 XPIC HSB Configuration

2+2 XPIC HSB 2 x (2+2) XPIC HSB 3 x (2+2) XPIC HSB
NR8950 4 8 12
NR8250 1 1 1
RTUNP 2 4 6
Antenna 1 2 3
Ethernet Cable 240 m 480 m 720 m
Combiner 2 4 6
Protection Cable 2 4 6
XIF Cable 4 8 12
6-7

Figure 6-6 2+2 HSB Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.2.7 2+2 XPIC SD Configuration

2+2 XPIC SD 2 x (2+2) XPIC SD 3 x (2+2) XPIC SD
NR8950 4 8 12
NR8250 1 1 1
RTUNP 2 4 6
Antenna 2 4 6
Ethernet Cable 240 m 480 m 720 m
Protection Cable 2 4 6
XIF Cable 4 8 12
6-8

2+2 XPIC SD Configuration Illustration
Figure 6-7 2+2 XPIC SD Configuration Illustration (NR8250+NR8950)
6.3 DC Power Supply

This procedure describes 1+1 HSB configuration when the DC power supply is used. For
other configurations, refer to this procedure.
1+1 HSB N x (1+1) HSB (N=2,3,…,10)
NR8950 2 2 x N (N=2,3,…,10)
NR8250 1 1
RTUNE/RTUNO 1 N (N=2,3,…,10)
Antenna 1 N (N=2,3,…,10)
Ethernet Cable or Optical Cable 120 m (N x 120) m (N=2,3,…,10)
Power cable 120 m (N x 120) m (N=2,3,…,10)
6-9

Figure 6-8 1+1 HSB Configuration Illustration (DC Power Supply)
6-10

Chapter 7
Networking Modes
Table of Contents
Overview ....................................................................................................................7-1
Point-to-Point Networking Mode .................................................................................7-2
Chain Networking Mode .............................................................................................7-3
Tree Networking Mode ...............................................................................................7-3
Ring Networking Mode ...............................................................................................7-4
7.1 Overview
The NR8250 supports multiple networking modes to meet various application
requirements. It is mainly applied as a Backhaul aggregation node and in a ring network.
Figure 7-1 NR8250 Networking Diagram
Application
l Mobile Backhaul aggregation node
7-1

Figure 7-2 Mobile Backhaul Aggregation Node
l Mobile Backhaul ring network
Figure 7-3 Mobile Backhaul Ring Network
7.2 Point-to-Point Networking Mode

The NR8250 supports the Point-To-Point (PTP) networking mode. In a PTP network,
services between two nodes are directly transmitted through microwave, see Figure 7-4.
7-2

Chapter 7 Networking Modes
Figure 7-4 Point-to-Point Network
7.3 Chain Networking Mode

The NR8250 supports the chain networking mode. In a chain network, all microwave
transmission nodes are linked one by one as a chain, and the first node and the last node
of the chain are open, see Figure 7-5.
Figure 7-5 Chain Network
7.4 Tree Networking Mode

The NR8250 supports the tree networking mode. In a tree network, several chain
topologies are connected through some NE nodes, and there is no loop in the network,
see Figure 7-6.
Figure 7-6 Tree Network
7-3

7.5 Ring Networking Mode

NR8250s can form a ring network through microwave, see Figure 7-7.
Figure 7-7 Ring Network
7-4

Chapter 8
Operation and Maintenance
Table of Contents
Operation & Maintenance Solution .............................................................................8-1
LMT............................................................................................................................8-1
NetNumen U31 System..............................................................................................8-2
8.1 Operation & Maintenance Solution

The NR8250 system supports the following two operation & maintenance solutions:
l Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT)
l NetNumen U31 centralized network management system
8.2 LMT
8.2.1 Functions
LMT is a Web-based local maintenance terminal, which is embedded in IDUs. User can
use the Internet Explorer on a Personal Computer (PC) to log in to and manage a single
Network Element (NE) without installing additional client software.
LMT provides the following NE-level management functions:
l Alarm management
l Configuration management
l Performance management
l Maintenance management
l Security management
8.2.2 Networking
After connecting a PC to the IDU through an Ethernet cable, users can access the
equipment through the Internet Explorer on the PC. Figure 8-1 shows the networking
diagram.
8-1

Figure 8-1 Local Networking Diagram
Users can access IDU1 to IDU6 through the LMT software embedded in each IDU.
Users can log in to an IDU through the PC and perform management functions such as
alarm management and configuration management.
8.3 NetNumen U31 System

8.3.1 Functions
The NetNumen U31 system is an Element Management System (EMS). Users can
access the NetNumen U31 server through a NetNumen U31 client to accomplish the
unified management of all Network Elements (NEs) in the network.
The NetNumen U31 system provides NE-level management functions. It also supports
the function of connecting upper-layer network management systems.
The NetNumen U31 system provides the following NE-level management functions:
l Alarm management
l Configuration management
l Performance management
l Security management
l Topology Management
8.3.2 Networking
l Local networking mode
In the local networking mode, the NetNumen U31 server, clients, and IDUs are all
located in the same LAN, and are connected with each other through Ethernet. Figure
8-2 shows the networking mode.
8-2

Chapter 8 Operation and Maintenance
Figure 8-2 Local Networking Diagram
l Remote networking mode
In the remote networking mode, clients, NEs, or both clients and NEs are located
remotely. Figure 8-3 shows an example of the remote networking mode when clients
are located remotely.
8-3

Figure 8-3 Remote Networking Diagram
l Hybrid networking mode

The hybrid networking mode is a combination of the local networking mode and the
remote networking mode, see Figure 8-4.
8-4

Chapter 8 Operation and Maintenance
Figure 8-4 Hybrid Network Diagram
8-5

8-6

Chapter 9
Technical Indexes
Table of Contents
System Indexes..........................................................................................................9-1
Radio Frequency ........................................................................................................9-2
System Capacity ........................................................................................................9-2
Power.........................................................................................................................9-6
Physical Specifications .............................................................................................9-15
Reliability..................................................................................................................9-17
9.1 System Indexes

Index Specification
Frequency stability ±5 ppm
Protection switchover time l Ethernet ring network (ERPS G.8032): 50 ms

l E1 SNCP: 50 ms
l SDH SNCP: 50 ms
l 1+1: 300 ms
l RSTP: 1 s-2 s
l STP: 50 s
l N+1: 50 ms
Upper limit of receive level -20 dBm (no error bit)
RSSI -20 dBm to -90 dBm
Modulation Mode QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128QAM/256QAM/512QAM/102

4QAM
Operating environment IDU: -30 ℃ through +65 ℃

temperature ODU：-40℃ through +55℃
IDU: < 95% (35 ℃)

Operating environment humidity
ODU: < 100%
Transportation and storage ODU and IDU: -40 ℃ to +70 ℃

environment temperature
9-1

9.2 Radio Frequency

9.2.1 Channel Spacing
Frequency Modulation Mode Channel Spacing (MHz)
All frequency bands QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/128 7/14/28/40/56

QAM/256QAM/512QAM/1024QAM
9.2.2 ODU Transceiving Spacing

Frequency Frequency Range (GHz) Transceiving Spacing (MHz)
Band
6 GHz 5.925-7.102 252.04, 340
7 GHz 7.11-7.9 154, 161, 168, 196, 245
8 GHz 7.725-8.5 119, 126, 151.614, 154, 208, 266, 294.44, 305.56,
310, 311.32
10 GHz 10.15-10.678 91, 350
11 GHz 10.675-11.745 490, 500, 530
13 GHz 12.75-13.25 266
15 GHz 14.4-15.35 315, 420, 490, 728
18 GHz 17.7-19.7 1010, 1008, 1560
23 GHz 21.2-23.6 1008, 1200, 1232
26 GHz 24.25-26.5 1008
28 GHz 27.52-29.481 1008
32 GHz 31.815-33.383 812
38 GHz 37.0-40.0 700, 1260
42 GHz 40.522–43.464 1500
9.3 System Capacity

Table 9-1 System Capacity (RMUC/RMUD/RMUE)
Bandwidth Modulation Capacity

(MHz) Mode
Air Interface TDM (Max) Ethernet (Max) (Mbps)
(Mbps)
7 QPSK 9 3×E1 8 – 11
9-2

Chapter 9 Technical Indexes

(MHz) Mode
(Mbps)
16 QAM 19 8×E1 18 – 24
32 QAM 23 10×E1 22 – 30
64 QAM 29 12×E1 28 – 37
128 QAM 34 15×E1 33 – 45
256 QAM 38 17×E1 37 – 50
14 (13.75) QPSK 19 8×E1 18 – 24
16 QAM 40 18×E1 39 – 52
32 QAM 51 22×E1 50 – 66
64 QAM 63 28×E1 62 – 82
128 QAM 74 34×E1 73 – 97
256 QAM 85 39×E1 84 – 112
28 (27.5) QPSK 42 18×E1 41 – 55
16 QAM 85 39×E1 84 – 112
32 QAM 106 48×E1 105 – 140
64 QAM 132 61×E1 131 – 175
128 QAM 156 75×E1/ 1×STM-1 155 – 205
256 QAM 180 75×E1/ 1×STM-1+9×E1 179 – 236
40 QPSK 59 27×E1 58 – 76
16 QAM 121 56×E1 120 – 156
32 QAM 151 71×E1 150 – 195
64 QAM 188 75×E1/ 1×STM- 187 – 242

1+13×E1
128 QAM 225 75×E1/ 1×STM- 224 – 290

1+31×E1
256 QAM 259 75×E1/ 1×STM- 258 – 335

1+47×E1
9-3


(MHz) Mode
(Mbps)
56 (55) QPSK 86 39×E1 85 – 112
16 QAM 174 75×E1/ 1×STM-1+7×E1 173 – 229
32 QAM 217 75×E1/ 1×STM- 216 – 286

1+27×E1
64 QAM 270 75×E1/ 1×STM- 269 – 357

1+51×E1
128 QAM 318 75×E1/ 1×STM- 317 – 420

1+71×E1/ 2×STM-1
256 QAM 367 75×E1/ 1×STM- 366 – 486

1+75×E1/ 2×STM-
1+21×E1
Table 9-2 System Capacity (RMUH)
Band- Modulation Capacity

width Mode
(MHz)
(Mbps)
7 QPSK 11 3×E1 10 – 12
16 QAM 21 8×E1 20 – 24
32 QAM 25 10×E1 24 – 29
64 QAM 33 12×E1 32 – 39
128 QAM 39 15×E1 38 – 46
256 QAM 45 17×E1 44 – 53
512QAM - - -
1024QAM - - -
14 (13.75) QPSK 21 8×E1 20 – 24
16 QAM 41 18×E1 40 – 48
32 QAM 49 22×E1 48 – 59
64 QAM 64 28×E1 63 – 78
128 QAM 76 34×E1 75 – 92
256 QAM 88 39×E1 87 – 107
512QAM - - -
1024QAM - - -
9-4


width Mode
(MHz)
(Mbps)
28 (27.5) QPSK 43 18×E1 42 – 52
16 QAM 88 39×E1 87 – 107
32 QAM 109 48×E1 108 – 132
64 QAM 137 61×E1 136 – 167
128 QAM 162 73×E1 161 – 197
256 QAM 185 75×E1/ 1×STM- 184 – 226

1+12×E1
512QAM 211 75×E1/ 1×STM- 210 – 256

1+23×E1
1024QAM 235 75×E1/ 1×STM- 234 – 286

1+35×E1
40 QPSK 59 27×E1 58 – 71
16 QAM 121 56×E1 120 – 146
32 QAM 149 69×E1 148 – 181
64 QAM 188 75×E1/ 1×STM- 187 – 229

1+13×E1
128 QAM 222 75×E1/ 1×STM- 221 – 270

1+28×E1
256 QAM 255 75×E1/ 1×STM- 254 – 311

1+44×E1
512QAM 288 75×E1/ 1×STM- 287 – 351

1+60×E1
1024QAM 322 75×E1/ 1×STM- 321 – 393

1+75×E1/ 2×STM-
1+2×E1
56 (55) QPSK 86 39×E1 85 – 104
16 QAM 177 75×E1/ 1×STM-1+8×E1 176 – 215
32 QAM 219 75×E1/ 1×STM- 218 – 266

1+27×E1
64 QAM 276 75×E1/ 1×STM- 275 – 337

1+54×E1
128 QAM 326 75×E1/ 1×STM- 325 – 398

1+75×E1/ 2×STM-
1+5×E1
9-5


width Mode
(MHz)
(Mbps)
256 QAM 375 75×E1/ 1×STM- 374 – 457

1+75×E1/ 2×STM-
1+27×E1
512QAM 424 75×E1/ 1×STM- 423 – 517

1+75×E1/ 2×STM-
1+49×E1
1024QAM 474 75×E1/ 1×STM- 473 – 578

1+75×E1/ 2×STM-
1+74×E1
Note:
The Ethernet service throughput is related to the actual modulation/demodulation mode
and channel bandwidth.
9.4 Power
9.4.1 Transmit Power
Frequency (GHz) Modulation Mode Max Transmit Power Min Transmit Power
(dBm) (dBm)
6 QPSK 30 9
16QAM 28
32QAM 26.5
64QAM 25
128QAM 25
256QAM 23
512QAM 22
1024QAM 21
9-6

(dBm) (dBm)
7 QPSK 28 -2
16QAM 24 -6
32QAM 24
64QAM 24/231
128QAM 24/232
256QAM 24/233
512QAM 23/224
1024QAM 22/215
8 QPSK 28 -2
16QAM 24 -6
32QAM 24
64QAM 24/226
128QAM 24/227
256QAM 24/228
512QAM 23/219
1024QAM 22/2010
1. The transmit power of 7 M/14 M/28 M bandwidth is 24 dBm, and the transmit power of 40 M/56 M
bandwidth is 23 dBm
bandwidth is 23 dBm
bandwidth is 22 dBm
bandwidth is 23 dBm
bandwidth is 21 dBm
bandwidth is 22 dBm
bandwidth is 22 dBm
bandwidth is 22 dBm
bandwidth is 21 dBm
bandwidth is 20 dBm
9-7

(dBm) (dBm)
10 QPSK 26.5/2411 2/012
16QAM 22.5/20.513
32QAM 22/19.514
64QAM 20.5/1815
128QAM 20.5/1816
256QAM 18/1617
512QAM 17
1024QAM 16
11 QPSK 28 6
16QAM 25
32QAM 24
64QAM 22
128QAM 22
256QAM 20
512QAM 19
1024QAM 18
11. The transmit power of 350 MHz spacing is 26.5 dBm and The transmit power of 91 MHz spacing is
24 dBm
12. The transmit power of 350 MHz spacing is 2 dBm and The transmit power of 91 MHz spacing is 0
dBm
20.5 dBm
14. The transmit power of 350 MHz spacing is 22 dBm and The transmit power of 91 MHz spacing is
19.5 dBm
18 dBm
18 dBm
17. The transmit power of 350 MHz spacing is 18 dBm and The transmit power of 91 MHz spacing is 16
dBm
9-8

(dBm) (dBm)
13/15 QPSK 26 -4
16QAM 24 -6
32QAM 24
64QAM 23
128QAM 23
256QAM 22
512QAM 21
1024QAM 20
18 QPSK 24 -6
16QAM 22/2118
32QAM 21/2019
64QAM 21/2020
128QAM 21/2021
256QAM 20/1922
512QAM 19/1823
1024QAM 18/1724
bandwidth is 21 dBm
bandwidth is 20 dBm
bandwidth is 20 dBm
bandwidth is 20 dBm
bandwidth is 19 dBm
bandwidth is 18 dBm
bandwidth is 17 dBm
9-9

(dBm) (dBm)
23 QPSK 24 -6
16QAM 22
32QAM 22
64QAM 21
128QAM 21/2025
256QAM 20
512QAM 19
1024QAM 18
26 QPSK 22 -6
16QAM 19.5
32QAM 19.5
64QAM 18.5
128QAM 18.5
256QAM 17.5
512QAM 16.5
1024QAM 15.5
28 QPSK 25 -3
16QAM 22
32QAM 21
64QAM 19
128QAM 19
256QAM 17
512QAM 16
1024QAM 15
bandwidth is 20 dBm
9-10

(dBm) (dBm)
32 QPSK 23 -3
16QAM 21
32QAM 20
64QAM 17
128QAM 17
256QAM 15
512QAM 14
1024QAM 13
38 QPSK 22 -6
16QAM 19.5
32QAM 19.5
64QAM 18
128QAM 18
256QAM 17
512QAM 16
1024QAM 15
42 QPSK 21 -3
16QAM 19.5
32QAM 17.5
64QAM 16
128QAM 16
256QAM 14
512QAM 13
1024QAM 12
Note:
The guaranteed value of transmit power is within the range from -2.0 dB to +2.0 dB.
9-11

9.4.2 Threshold Power

RMUC/RMUD/RMUE-based threshold power
Frequency Modulation Threshold Power (dBm)

(GHz) Mode
7 MHz 14(13.75) 28(27.5) 40 MHz 56(55) MHz
Bandwidth MHz MHz Bandwidth Bandwidth
Bandwidth Bandwidth
6/7/ 8 QPSK -92.5 -89.5 -86 -84.5 -83
16QAM -86 -83 -80 -78.5 -77
32QAM -83 -80 -77 -75.5 -74
64QAM -80 -77.5 -74 -72.5 -71
128QAM -77.5 -74.5 -71.5 -70 -68.5
256QAM -74.5 -71.5 -68.5 -67 -65.5
10/11/13/15 QPSK -92 -89 -85.5 -84 -82.5
16QAM -85.5 -82.5 -79.5 -78 -76.5
32QAM -82.5 -79.5 -76.5 -75 -73.5
64QAM -79.5 -76.5 -73.5 -72 -70.5
128QAM -77 -74 -71 -69.5 -68
256QAM -74 -71 -68 -66.5 -65
18/23 QPSK -91 -88 -85 -83.5 -82
16QAM -85 -82 -79 -77.5 -76
32QAM -82 -79 -76 -74.5 -73
64QAM -79 -76 -73 -71.5 -70
128QAM -76 -73 -70 -68.5 -67
256QAM -73 -70 -67 -65.5 -64
26 QPSK -90.5 -87.5 -84 -82.5 -81
16QAM -84 -81 -78 -76.5 -75
32QAM -81 -78 -75 -73.5 -73
64QAM -78 -75 -72 -70.5 -69
128QAM -75.5 -72.5 -69.5 -68 -66.5
256QAM -72.5 -69.5 -66.5 -65 -63.5
9-12


(GHz) Mode
7 MHz 14(13.75) 28(27.5) 40 MHz 56(55) MHz
Bandwidth Bandwidth
28 QPSK -90 -87 -83.5 -82 -80.5
16QAM -83.5 -80.5 -77.5 -76 -74.5
32QAM -80.5 -77.5 -74.5 -73 -71.5
64QAM -77.5 -74.5 -71.5 -70 -68.5
128QAM -75 -72 -69 -67.5 -66
256QAM -72 -69 -66 -64.5 -63
32 QPSK -89.5 -86.5 -83.5 -82 -80.5
16QAM -83.5 -80.5 -77.5 -76 -74.5
32QAM -80.5 -77.5 -74.5 -73 -71.5
64QAM -77.5 -74.5 -71.5 -70 -68.5
128QAM -74.5 -71.5 -68.5 -67 -65.5
256QAM -71.5 -68.5 -65.5 -64 -62.5
38/42 QPSK -89.5 -86.5 -83 -81.5 -80
16QAM -83 -80 -77 -75.5 -74
32QAM -80 -77 -74 -72.5 -71
64QAM -77 -74 -71 -69.5 -68
128QAM -74.5 -71.5 -68.5 -67 -65.5
256QAM -71.5 -68.5 -65.5 -64 -62.5
Note:
l The guaranteed value of threshold power is +2 dB.
l The Bit Error Rate (BER) is 10-6.
RMUH-based threshold power

(GHz) Mode
7 MHz 14(13.75) 28(27.5) 40 MHz 56(55) MHz
Bandwidth Bandwidth
QPSK -94.5 -91.5 -88 -86.5 -85

6/7/8
16QAM -88.5 -85.5 -81.5 -80 -78.5
9-13


(GHz) Mode
7 MHz 14(13.75) 28(27.5) 40 MHz 56(55) MHz
Bandwidth Bandwidth
32QAM -85 -82 -78 -76.5 -75
64QAM -81.5 -78.5 -74.5 -73 -71.5
128QAM -78 -75 -71 -70 -68
256QAM -74.5 -71.5 -68 -66.5 -64.5
512QAM N/A N/A -64.5 -63 -61.5
1024QAM N/A N/A -60 -58.5 -57
QPSK -94.5 -91.5 -88 -86.5 -85
16QAM -88.5 -85.5 -81.5 -80 -78.5
32QAM -85 -82 -78 -76.5 -75
64QAM -81.5 -78.5 -74.5 -73 -71.5

10/11/13/15
128QAM -78 -75 -71 -70 -68
256QAM -74.5 -71.5 -68 -66.5 -64.5
512QAM N/A N/A -64.5 -63 -61.5
1024QAM N/A N/A -60 -58.5 -57
QPSK -94 -91 -87.5 -86 -84.5
16QAM -88 -85 -81 -79.5 -78
32QAM -84.5 -81.5 -77.5 -76 -74.5
64QAM -81 -78 -74 -72.5 -71

18/23
128QAM -77.5 -74.5 -70.5 -69.5 -67.5
256QAM -74 -71 -67.5 -66 -64
512QAM N/A N/A -64 -62.5 -61
1024QAM N/A N/A -59.5 -58 -56.5
QPSK -93.5 -90.5 -87 -85.5 -84
16QAM -87.5 -84.5 -80.5 -79 -77.5
32QAM -84 -81 -77 -75.5 -74
64QAM -80.5 -77.5 -73.5 -72 -70.5

26
128QAM -77 -74 -70 -69 -67
256QAM -73.5 -70.5 -67 -65.5 -63.5
512QAM N/A N/A -63.5 -62 -60.5
1024QAM N/A N/A -59 -57.5 -56
9-14


(GHz) Mode
7 MHz 14(13.75) 28(27.5) 40 MHz 56(55) MHz
Bandwidth Bandwidth
QPSK -93 -90 -86.5 -85 -83.5
16QAM -87 -84 -80 -78.5 -77
32QAM -83.5 -80.5 -76.5 -75 -73.5
64QAM -80 -77 -73 -71.5 -70

28/32/38
128QAM -76.5 -73.5 -69.5 -68.5 -66.5
256QAM -73 -70 -66.5 -65 -63
512QAM N/A N/A -63 -61.5 -60
1024QAM N/A N/A -58.5 -57 -55.5
QPSK -91 -88 -84.5 -83 -81.5
16QAM -85 -82 -78 -76.5 -75
32QAM -81.5 -78.5 -74.5 -73 -71.5
64QAM -78 -75 -71 -69.5 -68

42
128QAM -74.5 -71.5 -67.5 -66.5 -64.5
256QAM -71 -68 -64.5 -63 -61
512QAM N/A N/A -61 -59.5 -58
1024QAM N/A N/A -56.5 -55 -53.5
Note:
l The guaranteed value of threshold power is within the range from -2.0 dB to +2.0 dB.
l The Bit Error Rate (BER) is 10-6.
9.5 Physical Specifications

9.5.1 Dimensions
Specification IDU (mm) SRU ODU (mm) A400 ODU (mm)
Dimensions 482.6 × 90 × 199 261.7 × 87 × 245.5 6-11 GHz 13-38 GHz

(W × H × D) (W × H × D)
360 × 360 × 129 239 × 247 × 75
(W × H × D) (W × H × D)
9-15

9.5.2 Weight
Index IDU SRU ODU A400 ODU
Weight 7.0 kg (six directions) 4 kg 6-11 GHz 13-38 GHz
3.5 kg 3 kg
9.5.3 Power Supply

Index Input Voltage Voltage Range
Power supply -48 V DC -40 V DC to -60 V DC
9.5.4 Power Consumption
Note:
The power consumption indexes are specified for cases when the operating temperature
is 25 ℃.
Item Power Consumption Description
RCUB 25 W
RMUC 24.5 W
The power consumption values of these boards
RMUD 19 W are given in the case of the throughputs of such
boards reaching the maximum.
RMUE 23 W
RMUH 22.5 W
RTUA 5.5 W The power consumption values of these boards

are given in the case of full load.
RTUB 13 W
RTUC 17 W
RTUD 10.5 W
RTUE 16 W
RTUNO 13 W The power consumption values of these boards

are given in the case of the throughputs of such
RTUNE 14.5 W
boards reaching the maximum.
RTUHP 11 W
RTUHO 14.5 W
RTUHE 11 W
9-16

Item Power Consumption Description
RSUA 5.5 W The power consumption values of these boards

are given in the case of full load.
PM 0.075×(RCU+RMU+RTU+RFA)
RPUA 6.0 W
RPUC 12 W
RFAB 10 W Slow speed: 6.8 W

Middle speed: 10.1 W
Fast speed: 17.7 W
Full speed: 31.3 W
A400 ODU 29 W (6-8 GHz) The ODU power consumption value is given
19 W (10-38 GHz) in the case of the ODU transmission power
reaching the maximum.
SRU ODU 27 W (7/8/13/15/23/38/42 GHz) The ODU power consumption value is given
29 W (28/32 GHz) in the case of the ODU transmission power
30 W (10/11/18/26 GHz) reaching the maximum.
34 W (6 GHz)
9.6 Reliability
9.6.1 Security
l IDUs comply with the IEC 60950 standard.
l ODUs comply with the IEC 60950 standard.
9.6.2 Fault Tolerance

l Residual BER: < 10-12 (RSL = -30 dBm ~-59 dBm)
l Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF): ≥ 200,000 hours
l Mean Time To Failure (MTTR):≤1 hour
9.6.3 EMC
l IDUs comply with standards:
à EN 301 489-1
à EN 301 489-4
à IEC 61000–4
à EN 55022/CISPR22
l ODUs comply with standards:
à EN 301 489-4
9-17

à IEC 61000–4
à EN 55022/CISPR22
9.6.4 Operations
l The operations on IDUs comply with the ETSI 300 019-1-3 standard.
l The operations on ODUs comply with the ETSI 300 019-1-4 standard.
9.6.5 Storage
l The storage of IDUs complies with the ETSI 300 019-2-1 standard.
l The storage of ODUs complies with the ETSI 300 019-2-1 standard.
9.6.6 Protection Class

l The protection class of IDUs is IEC 60529 IP20.
l The protection class of ODUs is IEC 60529 IP65.
9-18

Glossary
ACM
- Adaptive Coding and Modulation
AOU
- All Outdoor Unit
API
- Application Programming Interface
ATPC
- Automatic Transmit Power Control
BER
- Bit Error Rate
BSP
- Board Support Package
CES
- Circuit Emulation Service
CFM
- Connectivity Fault Management
CMM
- Capability Maturity Model
DBS
- Database System
DC
- Direct Current
DSCP
- Differentiated Services Code Point
DTE
- Data Terminal Equipment
DWRR
- Deficit Weighted Round Robin
EDI
- External Device Interface
EFM
- Ethernet in the First Mile
EMC
- Electro Magnetic Compatibility

EMS
- Element Management System
EOW
- Engineering Order-Wire
ERPS
- Ethernet Ring Protection Switching
FD
- Full Duplex
HSB
- Hot Standby
IDU
- Indoor Unit
IF
- intermediate Frequency
LACP
- Link Aggregation Control Protocol
LAG
- Link Aggregation Group
LLDP
- Link Layer Discovery Protocol
LMSP
- Linear Multiplex Section Protection
LMT
- Local Maintenance Terminal
MAC
- Media Access Control
MIB
- Management Information Base
MTBF
- Mean Time Between Failures
MTTR
- Mean Time To Recovery
MUX
- Multiplexer
NE
- Network Element
NMS
- Network Management System
II

Glossary
O&M
- Operation & Maintenance
OAM
- Operation, Administration and Maintenance
ODU
- Outdoor Unit
OS
- Operating System
OSPF
- Open Shortest Path First
PC
- Personal Computer
PDH
- Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PM
- Power Module
PTP
- Point-To-Point
PoE
- Power over Ethernet
QoS
- Quality of Service
RCU
- Radio Core Cross-connect Unit
RCUB
- Radio Core Cross Unit B
RF
- Radio Frequency
RFA
- Radio Fan Asset
RMU
- Radio Modulation Unit
RMUC
- Radio Modem Unit C
RMUD
- Radio Modem Unit D
RPUA
- Radio Power Unit A
III

RSUA
- Radio Service Unit A
RTU
- Radio Traffic Unit
RTUA
- Radio Traffic Unit A
RTUB
- Radio Traffic Unit B
RTUC
- Radio Traffic Unit C
RTUD
- Radio Traffic Unit D
RTUE
- Radio Traffic Unit E
RTUH
- Radio Traffic Unit H
RTUN
- Radio Traffic Unit N
SC
- Service Channel
SD
- Space Diversity
SDH
- Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDR
- Software Defined Radio
SNCP
- Sub-Network Connection Protection
SNMP
- Simple Network Management Protocol
SP
- Strict Priority
SRU
- Split Radio Unit
TDM
- Time Division Multiplexing
VLAN
- Virtual Local Area Network
IV

Glossary
WRR
- Weighted Round Robin
WTR
- Wait to Restore Time
XPIC
- Cross Polarization Interference Canceller

SJ-20130930111159-002-ZXMW NR8250 (V2.03.02) System Description

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SJ-20130930111159-002-ZXMW NR8250 (V2.03.02) System Description

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

ZXMW NR8250

Digital Microwave Transmission System

Revision No. Revision Date Revision Reason

R1.0 2014–01–10 First edition

Serial Number: SJ-20130930111159-002

Publishing Date: 2014–01–10 (R1.0)

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Chapter 2 System Architecture ................................................................. 2-1

Chapter 3 Signal Flows .............................................................................. 3-1

Chapter 4 System Principles ..................................................................... 4-1

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Chapter 5 Radio Protection Configurations............................................. 5-1

Chapter 6 NR8250 and NR8950 Combo Configuration ........................... 6-1

Chapter 7 Networking Modes .................................................................... 7-1

Chapter 8 Operation and Maintenance..................................................... 8-1

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

What Is in This Manual

Chapter 1, Overview Describes the system composition, external view, and

Chapter 2, System Architecture Describes the logical architecture, hardware architecture,

Chapter 5, Radio Protection Describes various hardware compositions and operating

Chapter 7, Networking Modes Describes various networking modes of the ZXMW

Chapter 9, Technical Indexes Describes technical indexes of the ZXMW NR8250.

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Note: provides additional information about a topic.

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

1.1 Product Composition

Figure 1-1 Product Composition

l Indoor Unit (IDU)

l Outdoor Unit (ODU)

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

An ODU is connected to the IDU through IF cables. It implements functions including

l Local Maintenance Terminal (LMT)

l Element Management System (EMS)

1.2 Product External View

Figure 1-2 IDU

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Table 1-1 ODU

Style external view

A400 6 GHz–11 GHz

1.3 Product Functions

Table 1-2 Functions of the NR8250

Service Type Function Description

Native represents the advanced native transmission

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Service Type Function Description

l Reduces the transmission delay and increases the

The NR8250 can function as a convergence node and

ACM is a technology that can automatically adjust the

Automatic This function reduces the transmitter's interference on

The NR8250 can transmit two channels of different signals

With this function, the contents that are unchanged but

l The NR8250 supports Ethernet load balance and XPIC

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Service Type Function Description

determine the transmission channel for each service

After the PIS (Packet Intelligence Segment) function is

The NR8250 supports independent STM-1 service

The NR8250 supports TDM service cross connections, that

l The NR8250 supports SNCP switchover when the

SJ-20130930111159-002|2014–01–10 (R1.0) ZTE Proprietary and Confidential

Service Type Function Description

also be applied in various network topologies, including

The SNCP+protection function provides a pre-configured

This function meets the requirement of convergence from

The dedicated protection channel for the NR8250 operates