Introduction

to
Control Valve Types

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 Control Valve Definition
• IEC Definition: A power
operated device which changes
the fluid flow rate in a process
control system. It consists of a
valve connected to an actuator
that is capable of changing the
position of the closure member
in the valve in response to a
signal from the system
• ISA Definition: A power
operated device which modifies
the fluid rate in a process
control system. It consists of a
valve connected to an actuator
mechanism that is capable of
changing the position of a flow
controlling element in the valve
in response to a signal from the
controlling system.
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Where does a CV fit in the Control System

Control Signal
Analog Electro-Pneumatic 4-20mA

Process Variable
4-20mA
50
PC PSIG
Positioner Supply TANK

P1 = 75-100 psig
Steam

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 Control Valve vs On/Off Valve

• Feature • On-Off Valve • Control Valve

– Ruggedly built for high cycle – No – Yes
service
– Always provides tight shutoff – Yes – No
– Valve bore approximates line
size – Yes – No
– Always provide system effect
with travel change – No – Yes
– Used to alter flow in
response to control signal – No – Yes
– “Absorbs "large amount of
energy
– No – Yes

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 Typical Isolation Valves

HP Butterfly Full Port Ball Sleeve Lined Plug Manual Globe Manual Gate

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 Control Valve Hierarchy

Globe Severe Duty

HPBV Ball Rotary Globe

Pressure Drop

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Control Valve Types

• Reciprocating
– Globe
– Angle
– Severe Service

• Rotary
– Butterfly
– Ball
– Rotary Globe

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Basic Butterfly Valves

Poor Control Valve

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High Performance Butterfly Valves

Better Control

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 Types of Butterfly Valves
1

2
2 3

Concentric 1 Double Offset

Centerline Tripple Offset
Single Offset (HPBV)
(Eccentric)

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Ball Valves

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Segmented Ball
Control Valve

Un-Restricted
Flow Path

Partially Open

Un-Restricted
Flow Path

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 Segmented Ball Valves
• Partial Ball – 90 Deg. Rotation
• High Capacity & High Turndown
• Characterized Segmented Ball
• Single Metal or Soft Seat
Notice the Characterization

Notice the Single Clamped Seat

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Eccentric Rotary Globe

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CAMFLEX Animation

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Reciprocating Control Valves

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Single Port Unbalanced
• Globe Valve
• Unbalanced Design
• Post Guided
• Lo-dB Trim
• Class-IV & Class-V Shut-
Off
• Flow To Open
• Flow To Close

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 LEAKAGE CLASSES

• CL IV, Standard
– .01% of Rated Cv
• CL V, Optional
– Reduced Pressure Drop Capability Due
to Higher Seat Loads Required
• CL VI, Optional
– Plug with PTFE Seal Ring

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QUICK CHANGE TRIM

• Maintenance
Advantage
• Seat Ring Held in
Place by the Seat
Ring Retainer (A
Type of Cage)
• Seat Ring Gasket
Required

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 TRIM TYPES

• Contoured Trim
– Full Area
– Reduced Area

• Single Stage Lo-dB and Anti-Cavitation

• Two-Stage Lo-dB and Anti-Cavitation

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 LOW NOISE PRODUCTS
SINGLE-STAGE Lo-dB TRIM

• LO-DB Trim
Reduces the
Sound Level up to
15 dBA Over
Conventional Trim,
Depending on the
P1/P2 Ratio.
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Angle Single Port Unbalanced

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Venturi Seat Ring

Extreme Conditions

High Pressure Drops

Sever Coking Conditions

Flashing Liquids

Emergence Blow Down

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Single Port Balanced
• Globe Valve
• Fully-Balanced Design
• Cage Guided
• Composite Polymer Balancing Seal
• Class-V Shut-Off
• Flow To Open

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Single Port Balanced

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 CAGE GUIDED VALVES
The Cage Serves Two Major Functions

• The cage provides

positive alignment and
control of the plug
• The cage can modify or
“characterize” the flow

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CAGE GUIDED - PRESSURE BALANCED
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
• Clean Process Fluids
• High Pressure, High Temperature, Noise, and
Cavitation
LIMITATIONS
• Slurries or Gritty or Dirty Processes
• Less Capacity Compared to Rotary Valves
• Larger and Heavier than Most Rotary Valves

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 CAGE

• Acts as Sealing Surface for Plug Seal Ring

• Retains Seat Ring

• Provides Throttling Orifice

• Guiding Surface

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 SEAL RINGS

• Metal Seal Ring

– Class II
– Temp: -320oF to 650oF
• PTFE Seal with Backup
– Meets Class IV Seat Leakage
– Temp: -20oF to 300oF
• Graphite Seal Ring
– Meets Class IV Seat Leakage
– Temp: -320oF to 1050oF

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Pressure Energized Seal Ring

• Pressure Energized
PTFE Plug Seal
• Class V Leakage
• Max Temp: 450oF
(600oF)
• Uni-Directional
• Higher Shutoff
Capability

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 AUXILIARY PLUG

• Flow-To-Close Direction Only

– Approx. 10 dB Less Attenuation
Than F-T-O
• Tight Shutoff at High
Temperature
• Class IV, Class V Leakage
• “Dead” Travel in Closed
Position = 0.050”

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 AUXILIARY PLUG

Packing Follower

Packing Ring (S)

Guide Bushing

• Cage Guided Stem

• Balanced Bonnet
Auxiliary Pilot
• Single Seated Plug
Balancing Seal
• Captured Seat Ring (QC) Plug (Main)
• Pilot Trim
Cage
Seat Ring

Body

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Double Port (Semi Balanced)

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3-Way

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80000 Series 3 Way
Combining Diverting

80000 Series 3 Way

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Bellows Seal

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Low / Micro Flow

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End Connections

Raised Face (RF)

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End Connections

Weld Prep
Butt Weld

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End Connections

Socket Weld

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End Connections
Ring Type Joint (RTJ)

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 End Connections

Clamp Connection
(Graylok,ReFlange)

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End Connections

Threaded (NPT,MS)

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End Connections

Flangeless
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 End Connections
Separable Flange

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Questions?

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