TYPE PRESSURE VESSELS

OF ASME SEC VIII, DIVISION 1: 2001 EDITION

DISCONTINUITY
FULL RADIOGRAPHY
SPOT RADIOGRAPHY

CRACKS NONE ALLOWEDNONE

UW-51
ALLOWED UW-52

INCOMPLETE
PENETRATION: NONE ALLOWEDNONE
UW-51
ALLOWED UW-52
ROOT PASS

INCOMPLETE
PENETRATION:
DUE TO HI/LO FIT-UP
NONE ALLOWEDNONE
UW-51
ALLOWED UW-52
OR CROSS PENETRATION

(IDP) OR (ICP)

INCOMPLETE FUSION:
NONE ALLOWEDNONE
UW-51
ALLOWED UW-52
ROOT PASS OR SURFACE
(IF)

INCOMPLETE FUSION:
SIDEWALL OR BETWEEN
NONE ALLOWEDNONE
UW-51
ALLOWED UW-52
BEADS(COLD LAP) (IF)

NOT SPECIFICALLY
NOTCOVERED
SPECIFICALLY COVERED
BURN THROUGH (BT)
(See Elongated or(See
Rounded
Elongated or Rounded
Indications Below)
Indications Below)

UW-51 UW-51

VT VT
Smoothly
Smoothly
contoured
contoured
concavity
concavity
permitted
permitted if equal
INTERNAL CONCAVITY if equal
weld reinforcement
weld reinforcement
is provided.
is provided
(IC) UW-35, d UW-35, d
RT RT
See Elongated or Rounded indications
See Elongated belowindications below
or Rounded
UW-51 UW-52
VT (UW-35) VT (UW-35)
The weld must be free of ripples, grooves, over-
UNDERCUT: lap,
abrupt
abrupt
ridges
ridges
or valleys.
or valleys.
Reducti
Reduction in the
ROOT OR CAP PASS (UC) thickness from welding shall not exceed 1/32"
or 10%t. RT
(See Elongated
(See Elongated or Rounded
or Rounded Indications
Indications B Below)
UW-51 UW-52
Maximum
Nominallengh
Thickness
of 2/3t,with 3/4"
Max Length
GENERAL ELONGATED < 3/4" total length
1/4" is t in a length of 6t w
INDICATIONS AND/OR maximum. 3/4"Iftoindications
2 1/4" are alig
1/3t
SLAG INCLUSIONS: (SI) of the longest
>2 1/4"
dimensions of all3/4"
in
Elongated Slag Inclusions(ESI) Aligned
not exceed
indications
t in a length
shall not
of 6texceed
and t in a length
Isolated Slag Inclusions(ISI) of
indications
12t, unless
arethe
separated
distancebybetween
at le successive
indications
Any indication
exceeds
less than
6L. 1/4 " is
 UW-51 UW-52

(See Note 4) (See Note(See

4) Note 6) (See Note 6)
Max.
Rounded
size indications
of any indication
are not
shall
a fact
be the
smaller
acceptability
of 1/4"ofor
welds
5/32".
notIsolated
requiredindications
seperated
fully radiographed.
from adjacent indications by 1" or
more, may be the smaller of 1/3 t of 1/4".
POROSITY OR For thicknesses greater than 2" the max.
ROUNDED INDICATIONS permissible size of isolated indications is 3/8".
(P), (CP) & (HB) Aligned indications shall not exceed t in a
length of 12 t. Clusters shall not exceed the
lesser of 1" or 2t. If more than one cluster, the
sum of lengths shall not exceed 1" in a 6"
length weld.
UW-51 UW-52
(See Note 3) (See Note 4)

Cat. B & C
NOM. THICKNESS
butt welds

less than 3/32"

less than 3/32" 3/32"
WELD REINFORCEMENT
3/32" to 3/16"
3/32"
incl.to 3/16" incl. 1/8"
(VT CRITERIA) Over 3/16" to
Over
1/2"3/16"
incl. to 1/2" incl. 5/32"
Over 1/2" toOver
1" incl.
1/2" to 1" incl. 3/16"
Over 1" to 2"Over
incl.1" to 2" incl. 1/4"
Over 2" to 3"Over
incl.2" to 3" incl. 1/4"
Over 3" to 4"Over
incl.3" to 4" incl. 1/4"
Over 4" to 5"Over
incl.4" to 5" incl. 1/4"
Over 5" 5/16"

NOM. THICKNESS
NOM. THICKNESS CIRCUM. JOINT
≤1/2" ≤1/2" 1/4t
>1/2" to 3/4"
>1/2" to 3/4" 1/4t
>3/4" to1 1/2"
>3/4" to1 1/2" 3/16"
MISALIGNMENT >1 1/2" to 2"
>1 1/2" to 2" 1/8t
(VT CRITERIA) over 2" over 2" lesser of 1/8t
or 3/4"
(note 8) (note 8)
ACCUMULATIONS OF
NOT COVERED NOT COVERED
DISCONTINUITIES
For UT: See code case 2235-2, Appendix
A 12,
GENERAL NOTES AND UW-11(a) and UW-51(b).
OTHER NDE

Note 1: Tw is the nominal wall thickness of the thinner of two compo

Note 2: The height of reinforcement or internal protrusion in any pla
Note 3: Reference ASME Section VIII, Division 1 (Appendix 4).
Note 4: "t" is the thickness of the weld, excluding reinforcement.
the weld, (t) is the thinner of the two thicknesses.
 PROCESS PIPING PIPELINES
ASME B31.3, 1999 EDITION (See Note 7) API STD. 1104, 19th EDITION
SEVERE CYCLIC CONDITIONS(100% RADIOGRAPHY)
NORMAL FLUID SERVICE(5% RADIOGRAPHY)
Linear Cracks NOT ALLOWED.
NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 Shallow crater/star cracks ≤ 5/32" long are
acceptable (9.3.10)
Maximum of 1" length for individual
Maximum depth of 1/32" and 20% of wall thickness indication; Combined total of indications
NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 Maximum length of 1.5" in 6" of weld maximum of 1" length in any continuous
NONE ALLOWED IN LONGITUDINAL WELDS 12" of weld, or 8% of the weld length if less
Table 341.3.2 than 12". (9.3.1)
IPD - Maximum individual length of 2".
Maximum depth of 1/32" and 20% of wall thickness Maximum aggregate length of 3" in12" of
Maximum length of 1.5" in 6" of weld continuous weld. ICP - Max. individual
NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2
NONE ALLOWED IN LONGITUDINAL WELDS length 2". Max. aggtregate lingth of 2" in
and 12" of continuous weld.
Table 341.3.2 (9.3.2 and 9.3.3)
Maximum of 1" length for individual
indication; Combined total of indications
NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 maximum of 1" length in any continuous
12" of weld, or 8% of the weld length if less
than 12". (9.3.2)
Maximum of 2" length for individual
indication; Combined total of indications
NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 maximum of 2" length in any continuous
12" of weld, or 8% of the weld length if less
than 12". (9.3.5)
Maximum dimension shall not exceed1/4" or the
NOT SPECIFICALLY COVERED NOT SPECIFICALLY COVERED thinnest of the pipewall thicknesses being joined.
(See Elongated or Rounded (See Elongated or Rounded The sum of the maximum dimensions of separate
Indications Below) Indications Below) burn-thoughs shall not exceed 1/2" in any continuous
12" of weld, or the total weld length, whichever is
Table 341.3.2 Table 341.3.2 less. The density of any oportion or it's image
shall not exceed that of the thinnest adjacent
base metal. (9.3.7)
Internal concavity shall not reduce tInternal concavity shall not reduce the total For an area exceeding the density of the
thickness of the joint, including all thickness of the joint, including allowable thinnest base metal, wee the criteria for
reinforcement, to less than the thic reinforcement, to less than the thickness of the Burn-Through.
thinner of the components being joi thinner of the components being joined.
(9.3.6)
Table 341.3.2 Table 341.3.2

The total length of internal and external

VT ONLY: Maximum depth of 1/32" and 25%
of wall thickness.
NONE ALLOWED Table 341.3.2 NONE ALLOWED IN LONGITUDINAL WELDS
Table 341.3.2
undercut shall not exceed 2" in 12" of weld.
The total accumulative shall not exceed 1/6
of the weld length.
(9.3.11)

Maximum individual length: 1/3Tw Maximum individual length: 2Tw Max. width of ESI is 1/16". Max. combined length of
Maximum width:
Maximum ≤ 1/3length:
Cumulative Tw and≤3/32 Maximum width: ≤ 1/2 Tw and 1/8" ISI indications shall not exceed 8% of weld length.
Tw in any 12 Tw of Maximum Cumulative length: ≤ 4Tw in any 6" of FOR PIPE OF <2.375"
weld length weld length Length of ESI indications shall not exceed 3 Tw.
Combined length of ISI indications shall not exceed
Table 341.3.2 Table 341.3.2 2 Tw and the width not to exceed 1/2 Tw.
(See note 1) (See note 1) FOR PIPE OF ≥2.375"
Length of ESI indications shall not exceed 2" in any
continuous 12" of weld. Combined length of ISI
indications shall not exceed 1/2" in any continuous
 12" weld. Max. width of ISI is 1/8". Max. of 4 ISI
indications with 1/8" width in any 12" of weld.
(9.3.8)
For thickness ≤ 1/4" see ASME Section VIII, Div 1: Spherical:
UW-51 (Appendix 4. Max. dimension 1/8" or 25% Tw (9.3.9.2)
For thickness >1/4", all dimensions in Appendix 4 Cluster:
are multiplied by 1.5(i.e. Maximum size of indication Max. 1/2" diameter with max. individual pore
shall be .375t or .234". dimension of 1/16". Max. combined length 1/2" in
any 12" of weld. (9.3.9.3)
(See ASME Section VIII, Div. 1, App4) Hollow Bead
Max length is 1/2". Combined length of indications
shall not exceed 2"in any continuous 12" of weld.
Table 341.3.2 Individual indication greater than 1/4" in length shall
be separated by ≥ 2". Max. combined length of
Table 341.3.2 indications ≤ 8% of weld length.
(See Note 3) (See Note 4) (9.3.9.4)
Tw Max. Tw Max. Height
≤ 1/4" 1/ ≤ 1/4" 1/16"
>1/4" to 1/2" 1 >1/4" to 1/2" 1/8"
>1/2" to 1" 5 >1/2" to 1" 5/32"
Over 1" 3 Over 1" 3/16"
NOT COVERED
(See note 1 & 2) (See note 1 & 2)

The inside diameter of components The inside diameter of components at ends to be Maximum of 1/8". Greater offset caused by
joined must be aligned within the e joined must be aligned within the engineering desig dimensional variations shall be equally distributed
and weld proceedure. If external suand weld proceedure. If external surfaces of the twoarounr the circumference of the pipe.
components are not aligned, the wecomponents are not aligned, the weld shall be tapered
between the two surfaces. between the two surfaces.
320.4.3 320.4.3
(7.2)

Maximum of 2"in any 12" or 8% of weld length

NOT COVERED NOT COVERED
excluding high-lo condition.
Ultrasonicacceptance criteria is giv Ultrasonicacceptance criteria is given in The company may reject any weld that appears to
para. 344.6.2 para. 344.6.2 meet these standards, if in it's opinion, the flaw
For Category M service this column applies but could be detrimental.
the coverage is 20% RT. For UT: Acceptance Criteria 9.6.1
Note 6: "L" is the length of the longest indication under consideration.
Note 7: B31.3 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA- Where two limiting values are separated by "and", the lesser of the values determines acceptance.
Where the two sets of values are separated by "or", the lager of the values is acceptable.
Note 8: Any misalignment within these tolerances shall be faired at a 3:1 taper or re-aligned.
Note 9: (for B31.1) tm = whichever is applicable: 1) as defined in Para. 104.1.2(A) 2) the min. wall thicknessof the component or fitting
(or the thinner of the two) when the joint is between two compoments.
 STORAGE TANKS BOILERS POWER PIPING
API STD. 650, TENTH EDITION ASME Section I, 2001 EDITION ASME B31.1, 2001 EDITION

NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED

(See ASME Section VIII, Div 1, UW-51) PW-51 136.4.5

NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED

(5.3.2.1) PW-51 136.4.5

NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED

(5.3.2.1) PW-51 136.4.5

NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED

(5.3.2.1) PW-51 136.4.5

NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED NONE ALLOWED

(5.3.2.1) PW-51 136.4.5

NOT SPECIFICALLY COVERED NOT SPECIFICALLY COVERED (Same as ASME Section 1)

(See elongated or rounded indications below) (See elongated or rounded indications below) 136.4.5

Smoothly contoured concavity permitted if Root concacvity not allowed

(See ASME Section VIII, Div 1, UW-51) equal weld reinforcement is provided. when there is an abrupt
density change
PW-35.1

VT VT (PW-35)
Verticle Butt Joints: 1/64" Maximum The weld must be free of ripples, groves, overlaps,
Horizontal Butt Joints: 1/32" Maximum abrupt ridges or valleys. Reduction in the thickness (Same as ASME Section 1)
Attachment welds: 1/64" Maximum from welding shall not exceed 1/32" or 10%t. 136.4.5
RT
RT (See elongated or rounded indications below)
(See ASME Section VIII, Div 1, UW-51) PW-51
Nominal Thickness Max Length
< 3/4" 1/4"
3/4" to 2 1/4" 1/3t
>2 1/4" 3/4" (Same as ASME Section 1)
Aligned indications shall not exceed t in a length 136.4.5
(See ASME Section VIII, Div 1, UW-51) of 12t, unless the distance between successive
indications exceeds 6L.
 PW-51

(See Note 4) (See Note 6)

Max. size of any indication shall be the
smaller of 1/4" or 5/32". Isolated indications
seperated from adjacent indications by 1" or
more, may be the smaller of 1/3 t of 1/4".
For thicknesses greater than 2" the max. (Same as ASME Section 1)
(See ASME Section VIII, Div 1, UW-51) permissible size of isolated indications is 3/8". 136.4.5
Aligned indications shall not exceed t in a
length of 12 t. Clusters shall not exceed the
lesser of 1" or 2t. If more than one cluster, the
sum of lengths shall not exceed 1" in a 6"
length weld.
PW-51
(See Note 3) (See Note 4)
Maximum Reinforcement, in.
Plate thickness Max Reinforcement
NOM. THICKNESS CIRCUM. JOINT OTHER WELDS The greater of (tm + 0.15") or 1.15tm
<1/8" 3/32" 3/32" when ordered on a minimum wall basis.
≤1/2" 1/16" >1/8 TO 3/16" 1/8" 3/32"
>1/2" to 1" 3/32" >3/16" TO 1/2" 5/32" 3/32" The greater of (tm + 0.15") or 1.10t
>1" 1/8" >1/2" TO 1" 3/16" 3/32" when ordered on a nominal wall basis.
>1" TO 2" 1/8"
>2" TO 3" The greater of 5/32"
Note: These parameters are from the RT criteria in >3" TO 4" 1/4" or 1/8 times 7/32" 127.4.2
Para. 6.1.3.4. For general requirements see >4" TO 5" the width of the 1/4"
Para. 5.2.1.5. Over 5" weld, in inches. 5/16"
(See Note 9)
VERT. MISALIGNMENT HORIZ. MISALIGNMENT NOM. THICKNESS CIRCUM. JOINT LONG. JOINT
Thickness Maximum Thickness Maximum ≤1/2" 1/4t 1/4t
≤5/8" 1/16" ≤5/16" max. 1/16" >1/2" to 3/4" 1/4t 1/8"
>3/4" to1 1/2" 3/16" 1/8" 1/16"
> 5/8" lesser of > 5/16" 20% of >1 1/2" to 2" 1/8t 1/8" 127.3
10%t or upper over 2" lesser of 1/8t lesser of 1/16t
1/8" plate. Max or 3/4" or 3/8"
1/8" (note 8)

NOT COVERED NOT COVERED NOT COVERED

For UT: The acceptance criteria shall be agreed upon For UT: See PW-52 For UT: See PW-52
by the purchaser and manufacturer. RT
Para. 6.3 Geometric Unsharpness may not exceed
.07"