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__________________
Slot:
_____
Pre-‐Lab
1. What
are
the
four
main
types
of
human
blood?
_________________________
2. Blood
type
is
determined
by
antigens
(A
or
B)
that
are
present
or
absent
on
the
surface
of
red
blood
cells.
Humans
produce
antibodies
in
their
plasma
to
fight
antigens
that
are
NOT
on
their
red
blood
cells.
REMEMBER
that
blood
type
is
based
on
antigens,
not
the
antibodies,
that
a
person
possesses.
1
Retrieved
from
<https://medical-‐dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/agglutination>
love-‐lives-‐harry-‐potter-‐cast/2/>
3. Agglutination
(“Clumping”)
You
will
be
doing
a
simple
test
to
determine
blood
type,
based
on
whether
agglutination
occurs
or
not.
• If
agglutination
(clumping)
occurs
only
in
the
drops
to
which
the
anti-‐A
sample
was
added,
what
blood
type
is
it?
_____
• If
agglutination
(clumping)
occurs
only
in
the
drops
to
which
the
anti-‐B
sample
was
added,
what
blood
type
is
it?
_____
• If
agglutination
(clumping)
in
both
samples,
what
blood
type
is
it?
_____
• The
absence
of
agglutination
(clumping)
indicates
that
the
blood
type
is
_____
Retrieved
from
<https://www.quizover.com/microbiology/course/19-‐1-‐hypersensitivities-‐diseases>
love-‐lives-‐harry-‐potter-‐cast/2/>
2
Scenario
While
staying
at
Ron
Weasley’s
house
during
the
summer
holidays,
somebody
stole
Hermione’s
school
books
from
her
room.
She
needed
these
to
get
ahead
of
her
studies
over
the
summer,
so
she’s
extremely
upset
that
they’re
gone.
However,
it
appears
that
whoever
stole
her
books
may
have
accidently
cut
themselves
on
her
desk,
leaving
some
blood
behind.
She’s
an
underage
witch,
and
unfortunately
can’t
use
magic
to
figure
out
who
the
thief
is.
She
is
going
to
use
the
blood
left
at
the
crime
scene
to
help
prove
who
stole
her
school
books.
Her
four
suspects
are
Fred,
George,
Ron,
and
Harry.
She
is
able
to
get
a
blood
sample
from
Fred,
Ron,
and
Harry.
George
refused
to
give
her
a
blood
sample
but
she
doesn’t
care
because
she
has
a
blood
sample
from
Fred.
By
taking
a
sample
of
blood
from
each
of
these
suspects,
she
will
be
able
to
compare
it
to
the
blood
left
at
the
“crime
scene”
(her
room).
If
she
finds
a
blood
type
match,
she’s
pretty
confident
she’ll
be
able
to
figure
out
who
stole
her
books.
Procedure
Testing
the
Crime
Scene
Blood
will
be
a
demonstration.
At
the
various
stations
around
the
classroom,
you
will
be
testing
the
blood
type
of
the
suspects
(Fred,
Ron,
and
Harry)
and
of
Hermione.
At
each
station:
1. To
determine
the
blood
type
at
the
station,
place
3
drops
of
blood
into
the
A
and
B
wells
of
the
tray.
2. Place
3
drops
of
the
anti-‐A
serum
into
the
A
well
of
the
tray.
3. Place
3
drops
of
the
anti-‐B
serum
into
the
B
well
of
the
tray.
4. Stir
each
sample
with
a
clean
toothpick
(REMEMBER
to
clean
it
between
stirs!)
5. Observe
the
stirred
samples
to
see
whether
agglutination
occurs
or
not.
Record
your
observation
in
Table
2
of
your
results
section.
6. Rinse
your
tray
before
testing
a
new
suspect’s
blood.
7. Repeat
these
steps
at
each
station.
3
Results
Complete
each
table
before
answering
the
expansion
questions
Table
1.
Table
2.
Blood
Source
Anti-‐A
Serum
Anti-‐B
Serum
Blood
Type
Crime
Scene
Hermione
Fred
Weasley
Harry
Potter
Ron
Weasley
Write
“Yes”
if
agglutination
occurs,
and
“No”
if
agglutination
does
not
occur.
Expansion
Questions
1. Summarize
your
findings.
What
were
the
blood
types
of
each
of
the
suspects,
and
what
was
the
blood
type
from
the
crime
scene?
Who
do
you
suspect
stole
Hermione’s
books?
Support
your
answer.
4
2. Why
was
it
necessary
for
us
to
test
Hermione’s
blood?
3. Using
the
information
from
Table
2
(results
section)
and
your
knowledge
of
blood
types,
further
examine
Ron
Weasley’s
blood.
Answer
the
following
related
questions:
a. What
antigens
are
present
on
his
red
blood
cells?
______
b. What
antibodies
are
found
in
his
blood
plasma?
______
c. What
is
his
blood
type?
______
d. If
he
needed
a
blood
transfusion,
what
blood
type(s)
could
he
receive?
_____
e. What
blood
types
could
safely
receive
his
blood?
______
4. Matching
the
blood
type
helps
narrow
down
the
suspects,
but
explain
why
this
information
alone
is
not
enough
to
convict
somebody
of
a
crime.
5
5. Why
did
we
only
test
Fred’s
blood
in
order
to
determine
both
Fred
and
George’s
blood
type?
(hint:
Fred
and
George
are
identical
twins)
6. Why
does
agglutination
occur?
To
help
with
your
response,
use
the
example
of
a
blood
transfusion
occurring
where
Blood
Type
A
is
given
to
someone
who
is
Blood
Type
B.
(donor
blood
is
type
A,
recipient
blood
is
type
B)
6