CONTENTS

Chapter-1
 Introduction
 Meaning
 Aims and objectives
 Need for study
 Scope of study
 Importance
 Functions of Election commission
Chapter-2: Review of Literature
Chapter-3: Methodology
1. Straight line method in time series analysis and ratio to
trend method
Chapter-4: Data Analysis and Interpretation
Chapter-5: Benefits
1. Benefits
2. Limitations
3. Suggestions
Chapter-6: Conclusion
Chapter-7: Biblography
TITLE: An Election report of different kinds
of voters in Thummalapalem village.
Election commission

INTRODUCTION:
The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional
authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The
body administers elections to the LokSabha, RajyaSabha, state
Legislative Assemblies in India, and the offices of the President and Vice
President in the country. The Election Commission operates under the
 authority of Constitution per Article 324, and subsequently
enacted Representation of the People Act.

The Commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an

appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions
to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a
constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few
institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with
the country’s higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and
the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.

Let us now have a look on the functions performed in an Election

Commission.

Meaning:
A formal and organized choice by vote of a person for a political office
or other position

Election commission:
Image
Election commission is the authority that is responsible for the
control and administration of elections in India.

It was established on 1950 after the constitution of India came into act and
currently there are 500 employees.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:

The objectives and aims of Election Commission of India are as follows;

 Holding periodic free and fair elections by ensuring that they issue code
and conduct to the parties and candidates involved.
 It allows symbols to be used by the political parties.
 Prepares election rolls and update votes lists from time to time.
 They provide dates and schedules for election in the country.
 The commission can nullify the election in case of any malpractice.
 The commission can remove any candidate in case he/she violates the
code of conduct.
 Make sure that the elections are free and conducted fairly.
 Issue the code of conduct for every political party and candidate.
 Set up rules and prepare electoral rolls.
 Maintain discipline during election process.

NEED FOR STUDY:

o How to maintain its reputation as the leading professional body for
electoral administrators?
o How to continue to raise the profile of electoral administrations?
o How to continue to administer and further develop the professional
qualifications for electoral administrators?
o How to assist the membership in the development of good practice in the
registration of electors and the conduct of elections?
o How to contribute positively to electoral reforms?
o How to work with others to ensure professionalism and effectiveness in
all aspects of electoral administration?
o How to assist the development of democracy by supporting efforts to
improve and enhance democratic systems?
Scope of study:
 Elections are considered to be a process to achieve democracy and as an
indispensable element in the establishment and continuation of any
democracy. India is having a Constitution that guarantees a democratic
republic to its citizens. This is based unmistakably on adult franchise,
though the question remains about the nature of right to vote whether
fundamental or statutory.
 This apart, the Constitution of India gives a scheme of democratic
bodies/posts as well as an independent constitutional authority bestowed
with the function of conduct of free and fair elections, namely the
Election Commission So it can be safely assumed that elections are
firmly rooted in the constitutional premise and are an attribute of the
promise of democracy. Elections could be viewed as a part of the political
process that reaches the culminating point of establishment of democratic
governance.
 The proposed course would offer both these perspectives, needless to say
that both are having points of convergence than divergence. The subtle
difference is that the Constitutional foundation gives a rights axis and the
political perspective gives the philosophical position. The introduction of
the course will be done on the political structure of democracy and will
proceed to the postulate of free and fair elections.
 The next phase of link up with the Constitution will be a natural
progression, which could be achieved by analyzing democracy as a right
and the relevance of elections therein. Constitution of India provides
specified matters for discussion than the guaranteed right to democracy.
The next segment will therefore cover specific areas of the Constitution
of India in the following string.
 Democratic Bodies : Parliament

State Legislatures

Local Self- Governments

 Democratic Posts : President

Vice- President
 Governors (though not elected)

Speakers/Chairperson

 Constitutional Authority : Election Commission

 Special Provisions : SC / ST

Anglo Indians Relating to States

 Disqualification: Members in elected bodies

 Schedules : III,IV,X- Defection

Importance:
Elections form the bedrock of the largest democracy in the world -
India. Since Independence, as many as 15 LokSabhas have been formed through
elections, the first one being held in 1951-52. The methodology of election is
through universal adult suffrage, whereby every citizen of India over 18 years
of age is an eligible voter in the eyes of the Constitution. Elections provide a
way to the people to assert their voice, opinion and choose the person whose
priorities and ideas matches with them most. In India the elections are not new
and they started taking place before the independence from British rule itself.
But before independence the franchise was quit limited and very few were
having rights to participate and vote. After independence, India adopted
universal adult suffrage and each adult Indian got the right to vote.

The importance of elections in India—and for that matter, in any democracy—is

as follows:

Choice of leadership: Elections provide a way for the citizens of India to

choose their leaders. They do so by casting their vote in favour of the candidate
or party whose views appeal to them. This ensures that the will of the people is
reflected in the elected candidates.

Change of leadership: Elections in India are also a platform for the public to
voice their resentment against a ruling party. By voting for other parties and
helping elect a different government, citizens demonstrate that they possess
ultimate authority.

Political participation: Elections open the door for new issues to be raised in
public. If a citizen of India wishes to introduce reforms that are not the agenda
of any of the parties, he or she is free to contest the elections either
independently or by forming a new political party.

Self-corrective system: Because elections are a regular exercise, occurring

every five years in India, the ruling parties are kept in check and made to
consider the demands of the public. This works as a self-corrective system
whereby political parties review their performance and try to appease the voters.
With a population of over 1.2 billion (according to the 2011 census) spread
across 28 states and 7 union territories, India has a system of elections that is
both daunting and praiseworthy.

Functions of an election commission:

The Key Functions of the Election Commission Of India are as under :-

1. The Election Commission Of India is considered the guardian of free

and reasonable elections.
2. It issues the Model Code Of Conduct in every election for political
parties and candidates , so that the decorum of democracy is
maintained.
3. It regulates political parties and registers them for being eligible to
contest elections.
4. It publishes the allowed limits of campaign expenditure per candidate
to all the political parties and also monitors the same.
5. The political parties must submit their actual reports to the ECI for
getting tax benefits on contributions.
6. It guarantees that all the political parties regularly submit their audited
financial reports

Functions of an election commission:

 Demarcation of Constituencies
 Electoral Rolls
 Recognition of Political Parties and Allotment of Symbols
 Scrutiny of the Nomination Papers
 The Conduct of the Poll
  Election Expenses
 Advice to President

(i)Demarcation of Constituencies:
To facilitate the process of elections, a country has to be divided into several
constituencies.
The task of delimiting the constituencies is generally performed by a
Delimitation Commission. But the power to delimit parliamentary and
Assembly constituencies for the first general elections in 1951 was conferred on
the President. The President’s delimitation order was to be released on the
advice of the Election Commission which also consulted Parliamentary Advi-
sory Committees set by the Speaker of Parliament and the Speaker of the
respective legislative Assembly to which the delimitation proposal pertained

The Election Commission distributed the seats district-wise in each one of the
States and directed the Chief Electoral Officers to prepare proposals for the
physical demarcation of Constituencies according to the prescribed criteria. As
on outcome of the recommendation of the Election Commission the Parliament
enacted the Delimitation Act, 1952.The Delimitation Commission was to
consist of three members, two of whom were the nominated by the President
from serving or retired judges of the Supreme Court or High Courts while the
Chief Election Commissioner was to be an ex-office member.

(ii)Electoral Rolls:
The second important but tedious function of the Election Commission is to
prepare for identification the up-to-date list of all the persons who are
entitle for voting at the poll.
(iii) Recognition of Political Parties and Allotment of Symbols:
A new part (Part IV A) has been added to the Representation of the People
(Amendment) Act, 1951 on registration of political parties. Section 29 A now
inserted provides for registration with the Commission, of associations and
bodies of individual citizens of India as political parties for purpose of this Act.

This provision came into force from June 15, 1989. A recognized political party
has been classified either as a National Party or a State Party under paragraph 7
of the Elections Symbol Order, 1968.
Another important function of the Election Commission is to allot symbols to
the political parties and the candidates, and also to accord recognition to the
political parties. The Commission has specified certain symbols as reserved and
others as free. The reserved symbols are only available for candidates sponsored
by the political pin ties and the free symbols are equally available to other
candidates.

(iv) Scrutiny of the Nomination Papers:

It examines the nomination papers of the candidates. These papers are accepted
if found in order, but rejected otherwise. This duty is performed by the
Returning Officer who notifies to all the contesting candidates the date, time
and place for the formal scrutiny of nomination papers.

The Returning Officer summarily but judicially examines all the nomination
papers and decides the objection rose. He is also to see whether the requisite
requirements of security deposit, election symbol, election agent, etc., have also
been fulfilled.

(v) The Conduct of the Poll:

It undertakes the task of the poll throughout the whole of India. In a
Parliamentary or Assembly constituency, the Returning Officer is to make
suitable arrangements for conducting the poll with the prior approval of the
Election Commission. The Commission can order a re-poll for the whole
constituency under compulsion of circumstances.

Article 324 confers on the Election Commission necessary powers to conduct

the elections including the power to countermand the poll in a constituency and
ordering a fresh poll therein because of hooliganism and breakdown of law and
order at the time of polling or counting of votes.

(vi) Election Expenses:

Another most controversial function that the Election Commission has
performed is to scrutinize the accounts of election expenses submitted by
contestants in elections. In India every contesting candidate is required to
maintain and file the accounts of his election expenses within a prescribed
period after publication of the result of his election.

Within 10 days from the last date of filing the returns, the Returning Officer
submits to the Election Commission, a list of all the candidates and their agents
together with their returns as a also his observations in respect of candidates
who have failed to lodge returns in the specified time and in accordance with
the procedure prescribed by law.

The Commission scrutinizes the accounts and decides whether the returns are in
proper form and whether they have been lodged in time. In case of default, it
notifies the candidates or their agents of their disqualification by publishing
these in the official Gazette.

(vii) Advice to President:

Advising the President on the question of disqualification if any member of
Parliament or advising the Governor on the question of disqualification of a
member of a State legislature. Article 324 has to be read in the light of the
constitutional scheme and the Representation of the People Acts of 1950 and
1951.

There are two limitations on the exercise of plenary power of the Election
Commissioner. First, when Parliament or any State legislature has made a valid
law, relating to or in connection with elections, the Commission shall act in
conformity with such law.
1. The Government will be on toes and work extra, beyond working hours
in offices.
2. The opposition witch-hunt will stop . The investigating agencies will
work on genuine cases and not on political cases.
3. The foreign tours of Ministers will be reduced thereby increasing
productivity.
4. The Government on power will promote welfare schemes than
promoting programmes of their own political parties.
5. There will be faster conversion of bills into legislative act.
6. The Government will work even on national and public holidays
thereby improving image of country which says there are more than
100 holidays in year.
7. The manifesto and promises made last year will remain fresh on
memory of electorate.
8. The building and consolidation of vested interests and nexus wil
 CHAPTER-3
METHODOLOGY
 1.Straight line method in time series analysis and
ratio to trend method:

1. \of break, flood, earth quick, war etc.

Straight line depreciation method charges cost evenly throughout

the useful life of a fixed asset.

This depreciation method is appropriate where economic benefits from an

asset are expected to be realized evenly over its useful life.
Straight line method is also convenient to use where no reliable estimate
can be made regarding the pattern of economic benefits expected to be
derived over an asset's useful life.
Formula

Straight line depreciation can be calculated using any of the following

formulas:

( Cost − Residual Value )

● Depreciation per annum=
Useful Life

● Depreciation per annum=( Cost − Residual Value ) x Rate of depreciation

 Chapter-4
Data analysis and
Interpretation
 As per 2015
Age Male
18-27 44
28-37 60
38-47 70
48-57 34
58-67 24
68-77 30
78-87 3

The below graph represents male voters in 2015

Male
80
70
60
50
40
Male
30
20
10
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Female
18-27 35
28-37 79
38-47 66
48-57 37
58-67 35
68-77 27
78-87 6

The below graph represents Female voters in 2015

Female
90
80
70
60
50
40 Female
30
20
10
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Male Female
18-27 44 35
28-37 60 79
38-47 70 66
48-57 34 37
58-67 24 35
68-77 30 27
78-87 3 6

The below graph represents male and female voters in 2015

90

80

70

60

50 Age

40 Male

30 Female

20

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 As per 2016
Age Male
18-27 48
28-37 97
38-47 76
48-57 47
58-67 43
68-77 23
78-87 3

The below graph represents male voters in 2016

2016 Male
80
70
60
50
40
30
20 2016 Male
10
0
 Age Female
18-27 36
28-37 72
38-47 67
48-57 63
58-67 43
68-77 20
78-87 2

The below graph represents female voters in2016

Female
80
70
60
50
40
Female
30
20
10
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Male Female
18-27 48 36
28-37 97 72
38-47 76 67
48-57 47 63
58-67 43 43
68-77 23 20
78-87 3 2

The below graph represents male and female voters in 2016

120

100

80

60 Male
Female
40

20

0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age male
18-27 52
28-37 100
38-47 82
48-57 51
58-67 47
68-77 25
78-87 3

The below graph represents male voters in 2017

male
120

100

80

60
male
40

20

0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Female
18-27 44
28-37 77
38-47 69
48-57 65
58-67 32
68-77 18
78-87 2

The below graph represents female voters in 2017

Female
90
80
70
60
50
40 Female
30
20
10
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Male Female
18-27 52 44
28-37 100 77
38-47 82 69
48-57 51 65
58-67 47 32
68-77 25 18
78-87 3 2

The below graph represents Male and female voters in 2017

120

100

80
Age
60
Male

40 Female

20

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
AS per 2018 list of data, we see that

Age Male
18-27 54
28-37 101
38-47 79
48-57 48
58-67 47
68-77 24
78-87 1

The below graph represents Male voters in 2018

Male
120

100

80

60
Male
40

20

0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Female
18-27 43
28-37 86
38-47 69
48-57 70
58-67 42
68-77 20
78-87 1

The below graph represents female voters in 2018

Female
100
90
80
70
60
50
Female
40
30
20
10
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Male Female
18-27 54 43
28-37 101 86
38-47 79 69
48-57 48 70
58-67 47 42
68-77 24 20
78-87 1 1

The below graph represents Male and female voters in 2018

120

100

80

60
Male

40 Female

20

0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
From the following data , we consider the class intervals to estimate
the future increment of male and female population of voters by
year 2019 , by using straight line method

AGE CATEGORY OF MALES(18-27)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
Male 44 48 52 54

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 44 -3 9 -132
2016 48 -1 1 -48
2017 52 1 1 52
2018 54 3 9 162
∑yt=198 ∑0 ∑X2=20 34

∑Yt=na+b∑X

198=4a+b(0)

a=198/4

a=49.5

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

34=0+b(20)

b=34/20

b=1.7

yt=a+b(t-2016.5)
 =a+b(5)

=49.5+(1.7)(5)

=58

Age category of females(18-27)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
female 35 36 44 43

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 35 -3 9 -105
2016 36 -1 1 -36
2017 44 1 1 44
2018 43 3 9 129
∑yt=158 ∑x=0 ∑x2=20 ∑xyt=32

∑Yt=na+b∑X

158=4a+b(0)

a=158/4

a=39.5

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

32=39.5(0)+b(20)

b=39.5/20
 b=1.6

yt=a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=39.5+(1.6)(5)

yt=48

Age category of males(28-37)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
Male 60 97 100 101

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 60 -3 9 -180
2016 97 -1 1 -97
2017 100 1 1 100
2018 101 3 9 303
358 ∑0 ∑20 34

∑Yt=na+b∑X

358=4a+b(0)

a=358/4

a=89.5

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2
 126=0+b(20)

b=126/20

b=6.3

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=89.5+(6.3)(5)

=121

Age category of females (28-37)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
feMale 79 72 77 86

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 79 -3 9 -237
2016 72 -1 1 -72
2017 77 1 1 77
2018 86 3 9 258
314 ∑0 ∑20 26

∑Yt=na+b∑X

314=4a+b(0)

a=314/4
 a=78.5

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

26=0+b(20)

b=26/20

b=1.3

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=78.5+(1.3)(5)

=85

Age category of males (38-47)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
Male 70 76 82 79

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 70 -3 9 -210
2016 76 -1 1 -76
2017 82 1 1 82
2018 79 3 9 237
76.75 ∑0 ∑20 33
 ∑Yt=na+b∑X

76.75=4a+b(0)

a=76.75/4

a=19.1875

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

33=0+b(20)

b=33/20

b=1.65

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=19.1875+(1.65)(5)

=85

Age category of females (38-47)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
female 66 67 69 66

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 66 -3 9 -198
2016 67 -1 1 -67
2017 69 1 1 69
2018 66 3 9 198
268 ∑0 ∑20 2

∑Yt=na+b∑X

268=4a+b(0)

a=268/4

a=67

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

2=0+b(20)

b=2/20

b=0.1

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=67+(0.1)(5)

=68

Age category of males (48-57)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
Male 34 47 51 48
 t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend
4033 value
2015 34 -3 9 -102
2016 47 -1 1 -47
2017 51 1 1 51
2018 48 3 9 144
180 ∑0 ∑20 46

∑Yt= na+b∑X

180= 4a+b(0)

a= 180/4

a= 45

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

46=0+b(20)

b=46/20

b=2.3

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=45+(2.3)(5)

=57

Age category of females (48-57)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018
27)
female 37 63 65 70

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 37 -3 9 -111
2016 63 -1 1 -63
2017 65 1 1 65
2018 70 3 9 630
235 ∑0 ∑20 521

∑Yt=na+b∑X

235=4a+b(0)

a=235/4

a=58.75

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

521=0+b(20)

b=521/20

b=26.05

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=58.75+(26.05)(5)

=189
 Age category of males (58-67)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
Male 24 43 47 47

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 24 -3 9 -72
2016 43 -1 1 -43
2017 47 1 1 47
2018 47 3 9
161 ∑0 ∑20 73

∑Yt=na+b∑X

161=4a+b(0)

a=161/4

a=40.25

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

73=0+b(20)

b=73/20

b=3.65

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)
 =a+b(5)

=40.25+(3.65)(5)

=59

Age category of females (58-67)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
female 35 43 32 42

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 35 -3 9 -105
2016 43 -1 1 -43
2017 32 1 1 32
2018 42 3 9 126
152 ∑0 ∑20 10

∑Yt=na+b∑X

152=4a+b(0)

a=152/4

a=38

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2
 10=0+b(20)

b=10/20

b=0.5

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=38+(0.5)(5)

=41

Age category of males (68-77)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
Male 30 23 25 24

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 30 -3 9 -90
2016 23 -1 1 -23
2017 25 1 1 25
2018 24 3 9 72
∑102 ∑0 ∑20 -16
 ∑Yt=na+b∑X

102=4a+b(0)

a=102/4

a=25.5

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

-16=0+b(20)

b=-16/20

b=-0.8

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=25.5+(-0.8)(5)

=22

Age category of females (68-77)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
female 27 20 18 20
 t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend
4033 value
2015 27 -3 9 -81
2016 20 -1 1 -20
2017 18 1 1 18
2018 20 3 9 60
85 ∑0 ∑20 -23

∑Yt=na+b∑X

85=4a+b(0)

a=85/4

a=21.25

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

-23=0+b(20)

b=-23/20

b=-1.15

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=21.25+(-1.15)(5)

=16

Age category of males (78-87)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018
27)
Male 3 3 3 1

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 3 -3 9 -9
2016 3 -1 1 -3
2017 3 1 1 3
2018 1 3 9 3
10 ∑0 ∑20 -6

∑Yt=na+b∑X

10=4a+b(0)

a=10/4

a=2.5

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

-6=0+b(20)

b=-6/20

b=-0.3

yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=2.5+(-0.3)(5)

=1
 Age category of females (78-87)

Years(18- 2015 2016 2017 2018

27)
female 6 2 2 1

t yt X=2t- X2 XYt Trend

4033 value
2015 6 -3 9 -18
2016 2 -1 1 -2
2017 2 1 1 2
2018 1 3 9 3
11 ∑0 ∑20 -14

∑Yt=na+b∑X

11=4a+b(0)

a=11/4

a=2.75

∑XYt=a∑X+b∑X2

-14=0+b(20)

b=-14/20

b=0.7
yt= a+b(t-2016.5)

=a+b(5)

=2.75+(0.7)(5)

=6.25
BY 2019, ESTIMETED MALE POPULATION

Age Male
18-27 58
28-37 121
38-47 85
48-57 57
58-67 59
68-77 22
78-87 1

The below graph represents Male voters in 2019

140

120

100

80
Male
60 Age

40

20

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 Age Female
18-27 48
28-37 85
38-47 68
48-57 189
58-67 41
68-77 16
78-87 6

The below graph represents female voters in 2019

Female
200
180
160
140
120
100
Female
80
60
40
20
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
 Age Male Female
18-27 58 48
28-37 121 85
38-47 85 68
48-57 57 189
58-67 59 41
68-77 22 16
78-87 1 6

The below graph represents Male and female voters in 2019

200
180
160
140
120
100 Male

80 Female

60
40
20
0
18-27 28-37 38-47 48-57 58-67 68-77 78-87
Chapter-5
Benefits
Benefits:
1. The Government will be on toes and work extra, beyond working
hours in offices.
2. The opposition witch-hunt will stop . The investigating agencies
will work on genuine cases and not on political cases.
3. The foreign tours of Ministers will be reduced thereby increasing
productivity.
4. The Government on power will promote welfare schemes than
promoting programmes of their own political parties.
5. There will be faster conversion of bills into legislative act.
6. The Government will work even on national and public holidays
thereby improving image of country which says there are more
than 100 holidays in year.
7. The manifesto and promises made last year will remain fresh on
memory of electorate.
8. The building and consolidation of vested interests and nexus will
stop.

2.Limitations:
1. In the haste to rush the policies and legislation, there would be
lesser debate and public opinion may be sidsidelined.
2. The executive have three years of tenures under Transfer Act.
The second line of executive will work only for one year which
will be inadequate to familiarise with the department working.
3. The concentration of Minister in charge will be more in his
constituency than in his office.
4. There would be tremendous working load on Election
Commission to update list of voters and conduct frequent
elections.
5. The four years period from national parliament will also have to
be extended to state legislature and Local self Government
bodies. There would be elections seen all round the years.
6. There will be wastage of national wealth. corruption would
increase to catch up with expenses of elections.
7. The would be more cases of violence and booth rigging.

3.Suggestions: