Enhanced Incident

Response
Using
Real-Time Intelligence
CBRNe Asia 2012

Bangkok, Thailand

September, 2012

SAFER Systems and the SAFER Systems logo are registered trademarks of SAFER Systems LLC.
All other logos, trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective owners and are used here for identification purpose only.
 Michael A. Teague

Vice President, Asia Pacific/Middle East

Operations

Member, SAFER Executive Committee

Bangkok, Thailand

mteague@safersystem.com

2
 ER RESOURCES
• Studies and guidelines
• Emergency plans
• Emergency Operations Centers
• Alarm and notification procedures
• Facility Operators and First Responders
• Dedicated Hazmat Teams
• Control / Mitigation / Suppression Hardware
• Wind socks / Met stations
• Monitors & hand held detectors and samplers
• Shelter in place policies / procedures
• Evacuation routes and protocols
Airborne Releases

4
Chemical Fires & Explosions
Products of Combustion
 During a chemical release event, operations
management will be faced with multiple decisions
related to employee, responder and community safety.

SAFER’s goal is to provide information that supports

and improves the decision making process.
 CHALLENGES
• Static Meteorological Conditions
– Unexpected changes in speed and direction
• Professional Judgment / Guesstimate
– Hole size
– Release conditions
– Release Rate
• Complex Terrain Effects

9
 CRITICAL QUESTIONS
• What’s happening?
• Where is it coming from?
• How big is it?
• Where is it headed?
• How long will it last?
• What are the actual
downwind concentrations?
• How do approach the
incident scene?
• Where should we stage our
resources?
• Who should be notified?
• Whom should we warn?
• Can we shelter in place?
• What roads should be closed?
• Which areas require evacuation?
• How do we prioritize actions
with limited resources?
• How can we share this
information?
• Items in red offered under
SAFER patents
 PRE-PLAN DATABASES
• Maps with Site and Offsite Receptors of Concern
– Churches, Schools, Hospitals, Public Venues
– Admin Buildings, Control Rooms, Shops, Canteens,
Assembly Points, Evacuation Routes
• Chemicals and exposure limits
• Key release scenarios
– Inventories and operating parameters
• Complex Terrain Effects
 REAL-TIME DATA
• Real-Time Meteorology
– Fixed Facility / Municipal Met Stations
– Internet Weather
– Portable Meteorological Stations
• Wireless or truck mounted
• Real-Time Sensor Data
– Manual – hand held
– Wireless, portable, GPS enabled
– Fixed, hardwired & wireless
 Event
Information

Decision
Making Plume trajectory altered
Menu with respect to
underlying Complex
Terrain

Weather &
Sensor Data
Integration
Impact
Information Event
Visualization
One ton chlorine
release
over 2 hours
with a “non real-
time”
static met data
environment
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Same one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using “real-time”
met data
 Total footprint
from one ton
chlorine release
over 2 hours
using actual
real-time met
data.
As compared to
the static met
data situation.
 ADVANCED MODELING
CAPABILITIES
• Advanced Back Calculation®
– Release Rate Estimation in Minutes
• Infiltration Analysis
• Fire, Explosion and Combustion Analysis
Models
• Complex Terrain

30
What is the release rate?
Plume Measurement vs. Modeling Alone

GPS Satellite
Release Positioningwith
Rate calculated
and
ABCWireless Sensor Data
using real-time sensor
Transmissionreadings.
and meteorological
All data archived
End for incident
of incident.
Toxicological Impact
debrief,
Systempoststand
eventdown
analysis
and and
LEL (High)
after action
prepared reporting.
for next event.
Toxic (Medium)
Odor (Low)
SAFER

Advanced Back
Calculation AreaRAE

AreaRAE

Actual Event
Fixed
Monitoring
Loss of
Containment
Weather Based Prediction To
AreaRAEs deployed
ImpactIdentify
assessmentincontinuously
the downwind
Facilities corridor
At Risk updated.
 Maximum
Outdoor
Concentration

Impact
Duration
Maximum
Indoor
Concentration

Time of first
Infiltration
impact
Analysis
 Fire, Explosion &
Combustion Analysis

SAFER Systems and the SAFER Systems logo are registered trademarks of SAFER Systems LLC.
All other logos, trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective owners and are used here for identification purpose only.
EXAMPLES
• Vessel ruptures
• Explosions
• Process unit fires
– requiring shutdown
or isolation
– requiring activation of
deluge or Halon
system dumps
• Tank truck / rail car fires
and releases
EXAMPLES
• Fire releasing significant
quantities of toxic
byproducts from combustion
that requires monitoring
– Large electrical or
substation fires
– Large piping or pipeline
releases and fires
– Any fire or release involving
casualties
 Thermal Radiation Plot
Comfort Zone / Pain in 20 seconds /
2nd Degree Burns 37
Overpressure Plot from
Explosion Model
 Post Ignition Smoke
Plume Dispersion
- 2 Hour Footprint
- Low Air to Fuel Ratio

39
Post Ignition
Smoke Plume
Composition
Analysis

40
COMPLEX TERRAIN
 “PAD”
Protective Action
Distance
 Downwind
impact
assessment
from static
models
dispersion
models
 Downwind
impact
assessment
varied only by
the effect of the
underlying
complex terrain
 Downwind
impact
assessment
varied only by
the effect of the
underlying
complex terrain
From the onset, the whole
predicted impact path is
visible as is the current
position of the release.
 REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE
• Improved
– Response Time
– Responder Safety
– Air Monitoring and Incident Command Vehicles
Positioning
– Release Rate & Impact Estimates in Minutes
– Interaction with Authorities, Media & Public / Neighbors
– Protective Action Decisions
– Post Event Documentation & Analysis
 REAL WORLD EXPERIENCE
• Reduced Resources Required To
– Collect & Interpret Data
– Respond & Mitigate
• Accelerated / Stronger Decisions
• Increased Confidence in Decisions Making
Process
• REDUCED POTENTIAL FOR REGULATORY
ACTION
 How To Choose?
• Consider
– Ease of Use / Functionality
– Chemicals / mixtures of interest
– Release methods / scenarios required
• Elevated
• Jet
• Combined Tank Release and Pool Evaporation
– Model duration
– Real-time data from weather stations and gas sensors
– Support
– References

54
 Michael A. Teague

Vice President, Asia Pacific/Middle East

Operations

Member, SAFER Executive Committee

Bangkok, Thailand

mteague@safersystem.com

55