DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

QUESTION BANK
SUBJECT : EC6801 – WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
YEAR /SEM: IV /VIII

UNIT – I WIRELESS CHANNELS

Large scale path loss – Path loss models: Free Space and Two-Ray models -Link Budget design – Small
scale fading- Parameters of mobile multipath channels – Time dispersion parameters-Coherence
bandwidth – Doppler spread & Coherence time, Fading due to Multipath time delay spread – flat fading –
frequency selective fading – Fading due to Doppler spread – fast fading – slow fading.
PART – A
Q. BT
Questions Competence
No. Level
Give the difference between frequency flat and frequency selective
1. BTL1 Remembering
fading.
2. Outline the features of multipath propagation. BTL1 Remembering
3. State Snell’s law. BTL1 Remembering
4. What is meant by EIRP? BTL1 Remembering
5. Define coherence time and coherence bandwidth. BTL1 Remembering
6. Illustrate the term “Fresnel Zone”. BTL1 Remembering
7. Relate small scale fading and large scale fading. BTL2 Understanding
8. Illustrate the Friis free space equation. BTL2 Understanding
9. Summarize the different types of wireless channels. BTL2 Understanding
10. Compare fast and slow fading. BTL2 Understanding
Model the Fraunhofer distance for an antenna with maximum
11. dimension of 1m and operating frequency of 900 MHz. If antenna has BTL3 Applying
unity gain, calculate the path loss.
12. Write about the methods to improve propagation model. BTL3 Applying
Solve the Brewster Angle, θB for a wave impinging on poor ground
13. having a permittivity of =4 at the frequency of 100 MHz. Also BTL3 Applying
calculate the same for typical ground with permittivity of =15.
14. Point out various methods to avoid frequency selective fading problem. BTL4 Analysing
15. List the various parameters in Link Budget calculation. BTL4 Analysing
16. Analyze the two types of propagation model. BTL4 Analysing
Interpret the term Doppler Shift with respect to wireless
17. BTL5 Evaluating
communication.
Compare Small scale fading based on multi path time delay and Doppler
18. BTL5 Evaluating
spread.
19. Devise how flat fading is experienced in wireless communication BTL6 Creating
20. Discuss the factors to be considered for link budget design. BTL6 Creating
PART – B
Q. BT
Questions Competence
No. Level
(i) Describe briefly about free space propagation Model (6)
1. BTL1 Remembering
(ii) Derive the final expression for The free space path loss model, and (7)
 derive the Gain expression
Write short notes on the following concepts
(i) With system theoretic description, explain the characteristics of (6)
2. BTL1 Remembering
time dispersive channels.
(ii) Frequency selective fading. (7)
Explain briefly about Two Ray Ground Reflection Model with relevant (13)
3. BTL1 Remembering
diagrams.
(i) How would you explain fading effects due to multipath time delay (7)
4. spread and fading effects due to Doppler spread? BTL1 Remembering
(ii) Name and explain the factors influencing small scale fading. (6)
Explain in detail about the free space propagation model and describe
5. BTL2 Understanding
how the signals are affected by reflection, diffraction and scattering. (13)
Summarize the following
(i) Doppler shift (3)
(ii) Doppler spread (3)
6. BTL2 Understanding
(iii) Coherence time (3)
(iv) Calculate the Doppler spread if the carrier frequency is 1900 MHz (4)
and velocity is 50 m/s.
(i) Illustrate fading due to Doppler spread and coherence time in (7)
detail?
7. BTL2 Understanding
(ii) Summarize the process to achieve a balanced link budget within a (6)
given cell size.
Build the impulse response model of a multipath channel and also (13)
8. BTL3 Applying
obtain the relationship between bandwidth and received power.
Identify the various parameters involved in mobile multipath channels (13)
9. BTL3 Applying
and explain in detail.
(i) Examine the advantages and disadvantages of the two-ray (4)
ground reflection model in the analysis of path loss.
(ii) Analyze the following cases tell whether the two-ray model
could be applied, and justify why or why not: (5)
10. Case (i) h1 = 35m , hr = 3m, d = 250m BTL4 Analyzing
Case (ii) h1 = 30m , hr= 1.5m , d = 450m
(iii) Prove that in the two-ray ground reflected model
(4)
Distinguish fast fading and slow fading in wireless channel and (13)
11. BTL4 Analyzing
explain in detail.
(i) Categorize what are the factors that influence small-scale fading. (4)
(ii) Consider a transmitter which radiates a sinusoidal carrier frequency
of 1850 MHz. For a vehicle moving 60 mph, compute the received (5)
12. carrier Frequency if the mobile is moving directly toward the BTL4 Analyzing
transmitter.
(iii) Given that the coherence bandwidth is approximated by equation
(4)
. Show that a flat fading channel occurs when Ts≥10 στ.
(i) Explain in detail about the small scale fading and, what are the (8)
factors affecting the small scale fading.
(ii) Measure the length and effective aperture of the effective the
13. receiving antenna for a mobile is located at 5Kms away from base BTL5 Evaluating
station and uses a vertical λ/4 monopole antenna with a gain of 2.55 dB (5)
to receive cellular radio signals. The E-field at 1Km from transmitter is
measured to 10-3V/m the carrier frequency is 900 MHz.
How would you formulate the expression for electric field, path loss and (13)
14. BTL6 Creating
received power for a Two Ray reflection model?
 PART – C
Compare and contrast fast fading and slow fading. “In practice fast (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
1.
fading only occurs for very low data rate (communications)”. Why?
(i) If a transmitter produces 50W of power, which is applied to a
unity gain antenna with a 900 MHz carrier frequency, find the
received power in dBm at a free space distance of 100m from the (5) BTL 6 Creating
antenna. What is received power at a distance of 10km? Assume unity
2. gain for the receiver antenna.
(ii)Derive the path loss considering a Two-Ray Model for the
propagation mechanism in a wireless channel. Is considering just
(10)
two rays alone sufficient? why?
(i) Determine the proper spatial sampling interval required to make
small-scale propagation measurements which assume that consecutive
samples are highly correlated in time. How many samples will be (7)
required over 10m travel distance if fc =1900 MHz and v=50m/s. BTL 5 Evaluating
3. How long would it take to make these measurements, assuming they
could be made in real time from a moving vehicle? What is the
Doppler spread BD for the channel?
(8)
(ii) Describe in detail, the parameters of mobile multipath channels
with their significance
4. Analyze link calculation and explain with suitable example. (15) BTL4 Analyzing

UNIT – II CELLULAR ARCHITECTURE

Multiple Access techniques - FDMA, TDMA, CDMA – Capacity calculations–Cellular concept-
Frequency reuse - channel assignment- hand off- interference & system capacity- trunking & grade of
service – Coverage and capacity improvement.
PART – A
Q. BT
Questions Competence
No. Level
Differentiate between Soft and hard handoff in mobile
1. BTL1 Remembering
communication.
2. State the advantages of CDMA over FDMA. BTL1 Remembering
3. What is multiple access technique? BTL1 Remembering
4. Define frequency re-use ratio. BTL1 Remembering
5. List the different types of multiple access schemes. BTL1 Remembering
6. How will you find Trunking and Grade of Service? BTL1 Remembering
7. Summarize the different modules of a basic cellular system. BTL2 Understanding
8. Demonstrate channel assignment. And how would you classify. BTL2 Understanding
9. Illustrate how you would apply frequency reuse technique? BTL2 Understanding
10. Compare co channel interference and adjacent channel interference. BTL2 Understanding
11. Write about forward and reverse channel. BTL3 Applying
Demonstrate the importance of cell splitting and sectoring in
12. BTL3 Applying
networks.
13. Develop 60° and 120° cell sectoring in cellular networks. BTL3 Applying
14. Compare and contrast FDMA, CDMA and TDMA. BTL4 Analyzing
15. Assess the theme of blocked call delay systems. BTL4 Analyzing
 Analyse a spectrum of 30 MHz is allocated to a wireless FDD
cellular system which uses two 25 KHz simplex channels to
16. provide full duplex voice and control channels, compute the BTL4 Analyzing
number of channels available per cell. Compute the number of
channels available per cell if it uses 4 cell reuse.
17. Interpret signal-interference ratio. BTL5 Evaluating
18. Mention the importance of frequency reuse in cellular networks. BTL5 Evaluating
19. Build microcell zone concept and list their advantages. BTL6 Creating
Discuss a few techniques used to improve the coverage and
20. BTL6 Creating
capacity of cellular systems.
PART – B
Q. BT
Questions Competence
No. Level
What is Handoff scenario & interference systems and explain in (13)
1. BTL1 Remembering
detail with neat diagram?
Give detailed note about interference and system capacity of (13)
2. BTL1 Remembering
cellular system.
Write short notes on
3. (i) Trunking. (7) BTL1 Remembering
(ii) Grade of service of cell system. (6)
How to select various techniques to improve coverage and channel
4. (13) BTL1 Remembering
capacity in cellular systems? Explain each in detail.
(i) Summarize the features of various multiple access technique (9)
used in wireless mobile communication.
5. BTL2 Understanding
(ii) State the advantages and disadvantages of multiple access
techniques. (4)
Explain in detail about the following
(i) Cellular network architecture. (8)
6. (5) BTL2 Understanding
(ii) How frequency is efficiently allocated in a cellular radio
systems.
(i) Illustrate multiple access techniques
(a) TDMA (3)
7. (b)FDMA (3) BTL2 Understanding
(c)CDMA (3)
(ii) Compare various multiple access techniques with each other. (4)
(7)
8. (i) Write about frequency reuse concept. BTL3 Applying
(ii) Explain in detail about channel assignment strategies. (6)
Demonstrate the channel assignment and handoff strategies in (13)
9. detail. BTL3 Applying
Identify and Explain the channel capacity of TDMA in cell system (13)
10. in detail. BTL4 Analyzing
Examine the co-channel interference and adjacent channel (13)
11. BTL4 Analyzing
interference. Describe the techniques to avoid interference.
Analyze the concept of
12. (i) Repeaters for range extension. (7) BTL4 Analyzing
(ii) Microcell zone concept. (6)
 A hexagonal cell within a four cell system has a radius of 1.387km.
A total of 60 channels are used within the entire system. If the load
per user is 0.029 Erlangs, and ⋋=1 call/hour, compute the
following for an Erlang C system that has a 5% probability of a
delayed call and determine the following,
13. (i) How many users per square kilometre will this system BTL5 Evaluating
support? (3)
(ii) What is the probability that a delayed call will have to wait for
more than 10sec? (4)
(iii) What is the probability that a call will be delayed for more
than 10sec? (6)
(i) Design a cellular service provider that decides to use a digital
TDMA scheme which can tolerate a signal –to-interference ratio of
15dB in the worst case. Find the optimal value of N for
(1) Omni directional antennas (3)
(2) 120° sectoring (2)
(3) 60° sectoring (2)
14. (4) Should sectoring be used? If so, which case (120° or 60°) BTL6 Creating
should be used? (Assume a path loss exponent of n=4 and consider (3)
trunking efficiency?
(ii) If signal-to-interference ratio of 15dB is required for satisfactory
forward channel performance of a cellular system, what is the
frequency reuse factor and cluster size that should be used for (3)
maximum capacity if the path loss exponent is (1) n=4 (2) n=3?
PART C
1. Examine Grade of service of cell system (15) BTL4 Analyzing
(i) Derive the expressions for Cellular CDMA schemes for both
noise limited and Interference limited scenarios.

(ii) Consider Global System for Mobile, which is a TDMA/FDD

2. system that uses 25 MHz for the forward link, which is broken into (15) BTL 6 Creating
radio channels of 200 MHz. If 8 speech signals are supported on a
single radio channel and if no guard band is assumed find the
number of simultaneous users that can be accommodated in GSM
Categorize the techniques to improve coverage and (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
3.
capacity.
If a total of 33 MHz of bandwidth is allocated to a particular FDD BTL 5 Evaluating
cellular telephone system which uses two 25 kHz simplex channels
to provide full duplex voice and control channels, compute the
number of channels available per cell if a system uses (1) four-cell (15)
4.
reuse (2) seven-cell reuse and (3) twelve-cell reuse. If 1 MHz of the
allocated spectrums is dedicated to control channels, determine the
equitable distribution of control channels and voice channels in
each

UNIT – III DIGITAL SIGNALING FOR FADING CHANNELS

Structure of a wireless communication link, Principles of Offset-QPSK, π/4-DQPSK, Minimum Shift Keying,
Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying, Error performance in fading channels, OFDM principle – Cyclic prefix,
Windowing, PAPR.
 PART – A
Q. No. Questions BT Competence
Level
1. Give the function of Gaussian filter in GMSK. BTL 1 Remembering
2. What do you mean by cyclic prefix? BTL 1 Remembering
3. Define the concept of windowing. BTL 1 Remembering
4. How would you explain non coherent detection? BTL 1 Remembering
5. List the advantages of OQPSK? BTL 1 Remembering
6. Identify bit error rate of GMSK. BTL 1 Remembering
7. Differentiate between MSK and GMSK. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Interpret the term PAPR with necessary equations. BTL 2 Understanding
9. Review the features of OFDM. BTL 2 Understanding
10. Discuss about the structure of a generic. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Show the structure of generic optimum receiver. BTL 3 Applying
12. Why is MSK referred to as fast FSK? BTL 3 Applying
13. Write about QPSK and π/4 differential QPSK. BTL 3 Applying
14. Analyse and list any two criteria for choosing a modulation technique for a BTL 4 Analyzing
specific wireless communication.
15. Examine the term Bandwidth efficiency. BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Analyze the importance of constellation diagram. What do you infer from it? BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Assess the importance of a Gaussian filter in GMSK BTL 5 Evaluating
18. Draw possible state of Qk when Qk-1=nπ/4, Qk-1= nπ/2 and all possible stages BTL 5 Evaluating
in π/4 QPSK.
19. Develop the constellation diagram of binary frequency Shift Keying and BTL 6 Creating
offset QPSK.
20. A 900 MHz carrier signal is frequency modulated using a 100 kHz sinusoidal BTL 6 Creating
modulating waveform. The peak deviation of the FM signal is 500 kHz. If
this FM signal is received by a super heterodyne receiver having frequency
of 5 MHz, determine the IF bandwidth necessary to pass the signal.
PART – B
1. (i) Explain with neat diagram and the modulation technique of (10) BTL 1 Remembering
QPSK.
(ii) List the advantages and disadvantages QPSK. (3)
2. (i) Describe modulation, demodulation of π/4 QPSK and its (8) BTL 1 Remembering
advantages with neat block diagram.
(ii) What is MSK? Explain its power spectral density. (5)
3. (i) How would you show the generation of Minimum Shift Keying (7) BTL 1 Remembering
(MSK) signals? Explain in detail?
(ii) Discuss in detail the demodulation techniques for minimum shift (6)
keying.
4. (i) How would you describe the principle of π/4 DPSK to form a (7) BTL 1 Remembering
signal space diagram?
(ii) What is flat fading channels? Derive the expression for (6)
probability of error in flat fading channels.
5. (i) Explain in detail about Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (8) BTL 2 Understanding
(GMSK) transmission and reception with necessary block
diagram.
(ii) Interpret the structure of a wireless communication link in detail. (5)
6. Illustrate the expression for the bit error rate for binary phase shift (13) BTL 2 Understanding
keying modulation for frequency flat fading channels.
 7. (i) Demonstrate with a block diagram, offset quadrature phase shift (7) BTL 2 Understanding
keying and its advantages.
(ii) Summarize the concept of GMSK and mention its advantages. (6)
8. (i) Construct the circuits for the generation, deduction and bit error (8) BTL 3 Applying
probability of QPSK scheme.
(ii) A zero mean sinusoidal message is applied to a transmitter that (5)
radiates an AM signal with 10KW power. Compute the carrier
power if the modulation index is 0.6. What percentage of the
total power is in the carrier? Calculate the power in each
sideband.
9. (i) Apply the principle of MSK modulation and derive the (7) BTL 3 Applying
expression for power spectral density.
(ii) Calculate the average BER in flat fading channels. (6)
10. (iii) Analyze the performance of digital modulation in slow flat (8) BTL 4 Analyzing
fading channels.
(iv) List the functions of PAPR in OFDM systems. (5)
11. (i) What is the principle of OFDM systems and explain its (8) BTL 4 Analyzing
operation with neat block diagram.
(ii) Distinguish between windowing and PAPR. (5)
12. (i) Examine the function of cyclic prefix and explain the (8) BTL 4 Analyzing
performance of frequency selective channels?
(ii) Compare the modulation techniques QPSK and GMSK. (5)
13. (i) Interpret the implementation of transceivers in OFDM. (7) BTL 5 Evaluating
(ii) Evaluate the expression for probability of error in frequency
dispersive fading channels. (6)
14. Design a delay dispersive and frequency dispersive fading channels (13) BTL 6 Creating
and formulate an expression for the error probability.
PART – C
1. Summarize the effects of High Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR) (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
of the transmitted signal and assess the PAPR reduction methods
2. (i) Why are constant envelope modulation schemes such as MSK (7) BTL 5 Evaluating
and GMSK used in a wireless communication system? Compare
and contrast these two modulation techniques.
(ii) Describe OFDM system converts the delay spread channel into a (8)
set of parallel fading channels using the concept of cyclic prefix.
3. Assess the fading channel models and its performance in wireless (15) BTL 6 Creating
communication.
4. Devise a diversity environment and determine the optimum values of (15) BTL 6 Creating
the gains such that the SNR is maximized at the combiner output.
What is the resulting SNR?

UNIT – IV MULTIPATH MITIGATION TECHNIQUES

Equalisation – Adaptive equalization, Linear and Non-Linear equalization, Zero forcing and LMS Algorithms.
Diversity – Micro and Macro diversity, Diversity combining techniques, Error probability in fading channels with
diversity reception, Rake receiver.
PART – A
BT
Q. No Questions Competence
Level
1. What is the need of equalization? BTL 1 Remembering
2. Can you brief the principle of diversity? BTL 1 Remembering
 3. Define zero forcing equalizer and Macro diversity. BTL 1 Remembering
4. Outline the concepts of STCM. BTL 1 Remembering
5. List the techniques used to improve the received signal quality. BTL 1 Remembering
6. Relate the factors used in adaptive algorithms. BTL 1 Remembering
7. Compare between diversity gain versus array gain. BTL 2 Understanding
8. Outline the advantages of LMS algorithm. BTL 2 Understanding
9. Express the correlation coefficient of diversity. BTL 2 Understanding
10. How least mean square algorithm is used in equalization techniques? BTL 2 Understanding
11. Assume four branch is used, where each branch receives an independent BTL 3 Applying
Rayleigh fading signal. If the average SNR is 20dB, determine the probability
that the SNR will drop below 10dB. Compare this with the case of a single
receiver without diversity.
12. Classify the diversity and its combining techniques. BTL 3 Applying
13. In digital cellular equalizer, if the carrier frequency is 900 MHz and BTL 3 Applying
maximum Doppler shift is 66.67 Hz, calculate the maximum mobile velocity
for the given Doppler shift.
14. Compare and contrast linear equalizers and nonlinear equalizers. BTL 4 Analyzing
15. Examine the MMSE decision feedback equalizer. BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Analyze the folded frequency response of channel in zero force algorithm. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Obtain the principles of maximum ratio combining and equal gain combining. BTL 5 Evaluating
18. Why nonlinear equalizers are preferred? Justify. BTL 5 Evaluating
19. State the significance of linear and decision feedback equalizer. BTL 6 Creating
20. Design the structure of maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE) in BTL 6 Creating
nonlinear equalizer.
PART - B
1. How would you describe the following, BTL 1 Remembering
(i) Linear Equalizers, (7)
(ii) Non-linear equalizers. (6)
2. (i) Derive the mean square error for a generic adaptive equalizer. (7) BTL 1 Remembering
(ii) Define zero forcing equalizer and derive the mean square error
criteria. (6)
3. (i) With a neat block diagram, state and explain the principle of (7) BTL 1 Remembering
diversity.
(ii) Sketch the Decision feedback equalizer block diagram and (6)
explain its working principle.
4. What is linear and decision feedback equalizer and derive an (13) BTL 1 Remembering
expression for its minimum mean square error.
5. (i) Describe about space diversity with necessary diagrams. (7) BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Express the LMS algorithm for an adaptive equalizer. (6)
6. Illustrate the following, BTL 2 Understanding
(i) Spatial Diversity, (4)
(ii) Temporal Diversity, (3)
(iii) Polarization Diversity, (3)
(iv) Macro Diversity. (3)
7. (i) With a neat block diagram, discuss the principle of macro (7) BTL 2 Understanding
diversity.
(ii) Demonstrate the operation of an adaptive equalizer at the (6)
receiver side.
8. Examine the different types of diversity techniques and explain (13) BTL 3 Applying
Frequency, Angular and Polarization diversity techniques.
9. Consider a single branch Rayleigh fading signal has a 20% chance of BTL 3 Applying
being 6 dB below some mean SNR threshold.
(i) Determine the mean of the Rayleigh fading signal as referenced (4)
to the threshold.
(ii) Find the likelihood that a two branch selection diversity (2)
receiver will be 6 dB below the mean SNR threshold.
(iii) Find the likelihood that a three branch selection diversity (2)
receiver will be 6 dB below the mean SNR threshold.
(iv) Find the likelihood that a four branch selection diversity (2)
receiver will be 6 dB below the mean SNR threshold.
(v) Based on your answers above, is there a law of diminishing (3)
returns when diversity is used?
10. Analyze various diversity techniques used in wireless (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
communication.
11. Compare the performance of signal combining techniques. (13) BTL 4 Analyzing
12. Describe the following, BTL 4 Analyzing
(i) Error probability in flat-fading channels, (7)
(ii) Symbol error rate in frequency selective fading channel. (6)
13. Explain combining techniques using combination of signal, BTL 5 Evaluating
(i) Maximum ratio combining, (4)
(ii) Equal gain combining, (3)
(iii) optimum combining, (3)
(iv) Hybrid selection -maximum ratio combining. (3)
14. Elaborate Rake receiver with relevant diagrams. Also discuss how (13) BTL 6 Creating
time diversity is achieved in a CDMA technique using Rake receiver.
PART – C
1. With valid statements, analytically prove that the adaptive equalizers (15) BTL 5 Evaluating
exhibit superior performance over the conventional equalizers.
2. (i) Evaluate the impact of diversity reception on fading channels (8) BTL 5 Evaluating
(ii) Categorize the fading channels based on the parameters of the (7)
channel and the characteristics of the signal to be transmitted.
3. (i) Design a Rake receiver with many correlators to separately (5) BTL 6 Creating
detect multiple strongest components.
(ii) Assume four branch diversity is used, where each branch (4)
receives an independent Rayleigh fading signal. If the average
SNR is 20 dB, determine the probability that the SNR will drop
below 10 dB. Compare this with the case of a single receiver
without diversity.
(iii) Derive an expression for performance improvement due to (6)
Maximal Ratio combining.
4. (i) Describe the role played by equalization and diversity as (9) BTL 6 Creating
multipath mitigation techniques. Compare and contrast these
two techniques.
(ii) Formulate the design of the US Digital Cellular equalizer, (6)
where f=900 MHz and the mobile velocity v=80 km/hour,
determine the maximum Doppler shift, the coherence time of
the channel and the maximum number of symbols that could be
transmitted without updating the equalizer assuming that the
symbol rate is 24.3k symbols/sec.
 UNIT – V MULTIPLE ANTENNA TECHNIQUES

MIMO systems – spatial multiplexing -System model -Pre-coding - Beam forming – transmitter diversity, receiver
diversity- Channel state information-capacity in fading and non-fading channels.

PART - A
Q. No. Questions BT Level Competence
1. What are smart antenna systems? BTL 1 Remembering
2. Define MIMO Systems. BTL 1 Remembering
3. List the different types of diversity schemes. BTL 1 Remembering
4. How would you explain the capacity of a fading channel? BTL 1 Remembering
5. Identify the requirements of beam forming. BTL 1 Remembering
6. Outline the working of spatial multiplexing. BTL 1 Remembering
Distinguish between transmit beamforming and receive beam
7. BTL 2 Understanding
forming.
8. Summarize about the capacity in non-fading channels. BTL 2 Understanding
9. Interpret the ergodic capacity and give its expression. BTL 2 Understanding
10. Discuss the transmit precoding. BTL 2 Understanding
11. Demonstrate receiver diversity BTL 3 Applying
12. Discover any two diversity techniques in MIMO system. BTL 3 Applying
13. Illustrate the channel state information. What is the benefit of it? BTL 3 Applying
14. Specify about antenna diversity. BTL 4 Analyzing
15. Classify beamforming and explain opportunistic beamforming. BTL 4 Analyzing
16. Differentiate CSI, CSIT, and CSIR. BTL 4 Analyzing
17. Discriminate transmit and receive diversity. BTL 5 Evaluating
Assess the methods to increase the capacity of wireless system,
18. BTL 5 Evaluating
without increasing required spectrum.
19. Develop multi user MIMO systems. BTL 6 Creating
20. Create the structure of a MIMO system model. BTL 6 Creating
PART - B
(i) ) What is meant by MIMO systems? (3)
1. (ii) Describe the MIMO system model with necessary BTL 1 Remembering
diagrams in detail. (10)
(i) Explain the operation of spatial multiplexing. (7)
2. (ii) Define precoding and explain the operation of transmit BTL 1 Remembering
precoding. (6)
(i) Why beamforming is important for wireless systems?
(3)
3. BTL 1 Remembering
(ii) Write short notes on transmit beamforming, receive
beamforming and opportunistic beamforming. (10)
(i) Quote the diversity and explain the operation of transmit
diversity. (10)
4. BTL 1 Remembering
(ii) List some advantages and applications of MIMO systems.
(3)
(i) Discuss the capacity of a fading channel for information
5. transmitted from a wireless system. (8) BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Distinguish the transmit diversity and receive diversity. (5)
(i) Describe the capacity of a non-fading channel for information
transmitted from a wireless system. (10)
6. BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Summarize the different approaches used to increase the
capacity gains in smart antennas. (3)
 (i) Express channel state information and explain the different kinds
of channel state information. (7)
7. BTL 2 Understanding
(ii) Interpret about the multi user diversity and random
beamforming. (6)
(i) Illustrate a brief outline about the impact of channel in MIMO
8. systems. (10) BTL 3 Applying
(ii) Show the characterization of single user capacity. (3)
(i) Demonstrate the BLAST architectures used in MIMO
9. systems. (10) BTL 3 Applying
(ii) Discover the limitations of wireless channels. (3)
(i) Compare the capacity of fading and non-fading channel for
10. information transmitted from wireless system. (9) BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) Analyze the function and purposes of smart antennas. (4)
(i) Compare the different beamforming techniques. (4)
11. BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) Explain the concept of water filling/pouring. (9)
(i) Classify precoding schemes based on channel state
12. information at transmitter & receiver sides. (10) BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) Point out the advantages of SDMA technique. (3)
(i) Evaluate the precoding for multi-user MIMO systems. (10)
13. BTL 5 Evaluating
(ii) Assess the capacity of slow fading channel. (3)
(i) Generalize the capacity for MIMO systems in flat fading
channels and compare it with fading and non-fading channels.
14. (9) BTL 6 Creating
(ii) Discuss in detail the classification of algorithms for MIMO based
system. (4)
PART - C
Obtain the expression for performance improvement
1. BTL 5 Evaluating
due to Maximal Ratio combining
Differentiate fading and non fading channel with respect to
2. BTL 4 Analyzing
capacity and discuss each in detail.
Derive an expression for the capacity of the following systems.
(i) SIMO system assuming that the channel is known at
receiver. (5)
3. (ii) MISO system assuming that the channel is known at BTL 6 Creating
transmitter. (5)
(iii) MIMO system assuming that the channel is known at
the transmitter. (5)
(i) Classify the different types of diversity technique. Explain
each in detail. (10)
4. BTL 4 Analyzing
(ii) Analyze the concept of multiplexing in spatial domain.
(5)