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Cast Materials from KSB

“One-stop“ Technology for Customized Solutions

• Handling and controlling flows of tion, analysis and quality manage-


liquid with pumps and valves can ment to failure analysis.
at times pose a special challenge
from a materials engineering view- • Our castings are tested at
point. KSB’s own materials laboratories
to ensure the consistently high
• Today, the overall economy of quality of the materials we pro-
industrial processes and fluid flow duce and employ, so that our
systems calls for ever increasing products always meet our cust-
operating pressures and tempera- omers’ requirements. Metallography
tures, which pump units and Qualitative analysis and evaluation
system components are expected of material surfaces and microstruc-
to withstand without failing. In-house materials laborato- tures as well as quantitative metal-
Recent years have also seen a tre- ries use the latest technical lography (stereo and reflected light
mendous increase in the demands equipment microscopy, differential interference
made on the stability under load, KSB’s materials laboratories in contrast)
particularly with regard to the various parts of the world are
corrosion and erosion properties fully equipped for chemical ana-
of materials, not least as a result lyses, metallographic examinations
of life cycle cost considerations. and mechanical testing of metals.
These services are also available
• Our design, engineering, foundry, to our customers, who can benefit
production and materials devel- from our long-time experience and
opment departments work hand modern facilities for their own, not
in hand to keep abreast of necessarily product-related, exami- Material analysis
these constantly rising customer nations. Sequential X-ray fluorescence spec-
demands. trometer for the analysis of metallic
materials as well as C, S, N2 and O2
• Innovative developments and analysing equipment
long-standing experience in the
fields of materials testing, chemi-
cal analysis, failure analysis, alloy
development, casting techniques
and anti-corrosion and surface
treatments enable us to perfectly
match materials of construction
and application requirements.

• Based on our extensive materials


know-how and our up-to-date
Scanning electron microscope Wear test stands
technical facilities, we can provide
Opto-electronic analysis of Analysis of the resistance of materi-
a broad spectrum of services, rang-
material surfaces als to hydroabrasive wear (rotating
ing from R&D via materials selec-
disc, jet tribometry)

2
Physical and chemical labora-
Melting process
tories
Facilities for spectrographic analy-
ses, gas chromatography, viscosity Analysis
(initial specimen)
measurements, metallography and
Melting
various types of heat treatment operation manager

X-ray fluorescence
spectrometer
Gas analysis

Digital data processing,


storage and documentation no
Decision
system Foundry
Mechanical test facilities
Complete documentation of all test management
Tensile testing, notched bar impact yes
results, readily available for imme-
tests, bending and folding tests as Casting
diate retrieval
well as hardness tests to DIN, and
ferrite content measurements using
Analysis no
a Förster probe
Quality management (main specimen)

Castings for pressure-retaining or yes


hydraulic pump and valve compon- Heat
treatment
ents have to be capable of with-
standing severe conditions and mee-
ting a variety of requirements. Mechanical no
testing

yes

no
That is why we produce most of yes

our cast materials ourselves and


Examination Production
no
check them for compliance with our of surface and
volume quality welding

Corrosion testing equipment quality standards at every produc-


yes
Electrochemical measuring instru- tion stage. The chemical composi-
Delivery of casting
ments, exposure test facilities as tion (ladle analysis) is monitored and documentation

well as a fluid flow system for estab- from the start of the melting pro-
cess. Quality control flow chart for high-
lishing the corrosion resistance of
alloy steel castings
materials
A solid chain of quality checks at
all stages, from the raw material
to the finished product, is one con-
dition for producing flawless, high-
quality components that precisely
match predefined alloy compositi-
ons. A digital data processing and
documentation system, which pro-
vides us with the high degree of
data availability and reliability we
need, is another.

3
Cast Materials at a Glance

Description / Material Material Chemical composition (Reference values, wt. %) Standards


Trade name designation number

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo Cu Others

Iron and steel castings Maximum single weight: 1700 kg


Carbon steel GP240GH+N 1.0619+N 0.2 0.5 0.7 ≤ 0.3 EN 10213-2
Grey cast iron GJL-250 JL 1040 EN 1561
Nodular cast iron GJS-400-15 JS 1030 EN 1563

Nodular cast iron GJS-400-18-LT JS 1025 EN 1563

ERN GGL-NiMo7-7 – 3.2 1.8 0.7 1.8 0.7 KSB MIC 1)


1930
NORIHARD® NH 15 3 GX250CrMo15-3 – 2.6 0.6 0.7 15.0 2.6 KSB MIC 1)
1941
NORILOY® NL 25 2 GX170CrMo25-2 – 1.7 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 25.0 2.0 KSB MIC 1)
2878
NORICROM® GX150CrNiMoCuN41-6-2 1.4475 1.5 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 40.5 6.0 2.5 ≤1.2 N KSB MIC 1)
2711

Stainless and high-alloy steels Maximum single weight: 5000 kg


Chrome steel GX8CrNi13 1.4008 ≤ 0.10 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 13.0 1.5 ≤ 0.5 EN 10283

Martensitic steel GX4CrNi13-4 1.4317 ≤ 0.06 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 13.0 4.0 ≤ 0.7 SEW 520

Austenitic steel GX5CrNiNb19-11 1.4552 ≤ 0.06 ≤ 1.5 ≤ 1.5 19.0 10.0 Nb≥8x%C EN 10213
GX5CrNiMoNb19-11-2 1.4581 ≤ 0.06 ≤ 1.5 ≤ 1.5 19.0 11.5 2.3 Nb≥8x%C EN 10213
GX5CrNi19-10 1.4308 ≤ 0.07 ≤ 1.5 ≤ 1.5 19.0 10.0 EN 10213
GX5CrNiMo19-11-2 1.4408 ≤ 0.07 ≤ 1.5 ≤ 1.5 19.0 11.0 2.3 EN 10213
NORINOX ®
GX3CrNiMo19-11-2 (1.4409) ≤ 0.04 ≤ 1.5 ≤ 1.5 19.0 11.0 2.3 KSB MIC 1)
2715
NORILIUM® GX3NiCrMoCu25-20-5 (1.4539) ≤ 0.03 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 2.0 20.0 25.0 4.5 1.5 N KSB MIC 1)
2765
NORICID® GX3CrNiSiN20-13-5 9.4306 ≤ 0.04 4.5 4.5 20.0 13.0 ≤ 0.2 N KSB MIC 1)
2872
NORIDUR® GX3CrNiMoCuN24-6-2-3 1.4593 ≤ 0.04 ≤ 1.5 ≤ 1.5 25.0 6.0 2.5 3.0 N KSB MIC 1)
2745
NORICLOR® GX3CrNiMoCuN24-6-5 1.4573 ≤ 0.04 ≤ 1.0 ≤ 1.0 24.0 6.0 5.0 2.0 N KSB MIC 1)
2747
1)
MIC= material identification code
Cast copper-base alloys Maximum single weight: 2500 kg
Cu Ni Al Sn Fe Si Mn Others
Bronze CuSn10-C-GS CC480K-GS 89.0 ≤ 2.0 10.0 ≤ 0.2 Pb ≤1.0;Zn≤0.5 EN 1982
Aluminium bronze CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C-GS CC333G-GS ≥ 76.0 5.2 10.0 4.5 3.0 Total ≤ 0.8 EN 1982
Heat treatment: G = annealed N = normalized Microstructure: F = ferrite M = martensite C = carbides
V = quenched and tempered L = solution-annealed and quenched P = perlite A = austenite B = bainite

4
Equivalent to Mechanical properties (reference values) Heat Micro- Weld- Comments
Hardness 0,2% Yield Tensile Percent Notched treatment structure ability
strength strength elongation bar impact
energy
ASTM AFNOR N/mm2 N/mm2 % J(ISO-V)

A 216 WCB ≥ 240 ≥ 420 ≥ 22 ≥ 24 N F+P +


A 48: 40B ≥ 250 P (+) Max. single weight 4000 kg
A 536: CI. ≥ 250 ≥ 400 ≥ 15 – (F) (+)
60 – 40 – 18
A 536: Gr. ≥ 250 ≥ 400 ≥ 18 ≥ 12 G F (+)
60 – 40 – 18
≥ 300 – B –
HV 50
750 – 1000 V M+C – Max. single weight 1000 kg
HV 50
≥ 500 ≥ 400 V F+C –
HV 50
≥ 350 ≥ 500 L F+A+C –
HV 50

A743 CA 15 ≥ 170 HB ≥ 440 ≥ 590 ≥ 15 ≥ 27 V M +


A217
A743 CA 6 Z4CND ≥ 240 HB ≥ 550 ≥ 760 ≥ 15 ≥ 50 V(I) M +
A487 NM 134–M
A743 CF8C ≥ 130 HB ≥ 175 ≥ 440 ≥ 25 ≥ 40 L A + KSB: C ≤ 0.04
A351 ≥ 130 HB ≥ 185 ≥ 440 ≥ 25 ≥ 40 L A +
CF8 ≥ 130 HB ≥ 175 ≥ 440 ≥ 30 ≥ 60 L A + KSB: C ≤ 0.04
CF8M ≥ 130 HB ≥ 185 ≥ 440 ≥30 ≥ 60 L A +
(CF3M) ≥ 130 HB ≥ 210 ≥ 470 ≥ 30 ≥ 120 L A +

≥ 130 HB ≥ 180 ≥ 440 ≥ 20 ≥ 60 L A +

≥ 200 HB ≥ 300 ≥ 600 ≥ 30 ≥ 80 L A(+F) +

A 890; Z3CNDU ≥ 200 HB ≥ 450 ≥ 650 ≥ 23 ≥ 60 L F+A + SEW 410


A 351– CD4MCu 265–M
A 890 ≥ 200 HB ≥ 480 ≥690 ≥ 22 ≥ 50 L F+A + SEW 410
CE3MN
de

B 584. C 90 500 ≥ 70 HB ≥ 130 ≥ 250 ≥ 18 – +


B 148. C 95 500 ≥ 140 HB ≥ 250 ≥ 600 ≥ 13 – +
Weldability: + ... good (+) ... weldable – ... not weldable

5
Overview of KSB Cast Materials

KSB’s research has culminated in rosion-resistant materials. Pumps the most severe service conditions.
the development of the NORI® and valves made of these special
series, a group of wear- and/or cor- materials perform well even under

The right material for the right application


Wear-resistant Wear- and Corrosion-resistant
corrosion-resistant
Application ERN Norihard® Noriloy® Noridur® DAS Noricrom® Norinox® Noridur® Noriclor® Noricid®
Chemical and process industries x x x x
High-concentration nitric and chromic acid x
Sulphuric and phosphoric acid x x x
Salt mining and processing x x x x
Petrochemical industry x x
Coke oven plant x x x x x
Textile and pulp industries x x x
Food and sugar industries x x x x
Aluminium oxide industry / Solids transport x x
Steel and metal-working industries x x x
Mining industry / Coal mining and extraction x x
Flue gas desulphurization plant x x x x x x x
Limestone and milk of lime suspensions x x
Acidic chloride-containing wash liquids x x x x
Acidic process water x x
Waste water purification / Sewage treatment plant x x x x x x
Offshore and marine engineering x x x x

KSB materials in detail Material Description Page


On the following pages you will
ERN Highly wear-resistant bainitic nickel-alloyed cast iron 8
find detailed information about our
materials, for example their chemi- Norihard® Highly wear-resistant white iron 9
cal composition, mechanical prop- Noriloy® Wear- and corrosion-resistant CrMo-alloyed white iron 10
erties, specific applications and
Noridur® DAS Wear-resistant duplex stainless steel 11
areas of use.
Noricrom® Corrosion- and wear-resistant triplex stainless steel 12

Norinox® Austenitic stainless steel 13

Noridur® Duplex stainless steel 14

Noriclor® Super duplex stainless steel 15

Noricid® Special austenitic stainless steel 16

6
Overview of KSB Cast Materials

Wear and corrosion resistance

Norihard®

Noriloy®
Noricrom®
Wear resistance

Noridur® DAS
ERN

Noriclor®

Noridur®

Norinox® Noricid®

Corrosion resistance

KSB foundry products

7
ERN

Designation: GGL-NiMo 77 Description:


• ERN is a NiMo-alloyed bainitic
Chemical composition: : cast iron.
(Reference values, wt. %) • Compared with unalloyed lamel-
C 3.0 – 3.5 lar graphite cast iron, ERN is
Si 1.2 – 2.0 more resistant to abrasive wear.
Mn 0.7 – 1.0
Cr – Products:
Ni 1.8 – 2.2 Castings for pumps with a maxi-
Mo 0.6 – 0.9 mum single weight of 2 tons Microstructure: bainitic matrix con-
Cu – taining lamellar graphite
N –

Weldability:
ERN cannot be welded.
Mechanical properties: Reference values at room temperature
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2) –
2
Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm ) – Application:
Elongation at failure A5 (%) – ERN is used for chemically non-
Reduction of area Z (%) – aggressive fluids low in abrasive
ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) – solids content.
3/2
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm ) – Typical applications are municipal
Vickers hardness HV 50 ≥ 300 waste water, sinter water (maxi-
mum scale content 3 g/l), water
containing granulated material,
milk of lime and industrial effluent.
Wear resistance:

70 Mixture ratio: 1:1


Grain size: 0.9 – 1.2 mm
Linear abrasion rate VL (mm/a)

60 Test duration: 2 h
Speed: 3000 min-1
50 Specimen size: Ø 55 x 5 cm

40

30
JL 1040 (GG-25)

20
GG-Ni 1.5

10
ERN

0
Abrasion rates of various cast materials exposed
to hydroabrasive wear

Test performed with a silica sand and water mixture

8
Norihard®

Designation: GX250CrMo15-3 • Contrary to self-hardening mate-


rials, such as Ni-Hard alloys,
Chemical composition: Norihard® is suitable for com-
(Reference values, wt. %) ponents of any configuration or
C 2.4 – 2.8 design.
Si 0.3 – 0.8
Mn 0.5 – 0.8
Cr 14.0 – 16.0 Products:
Ni – Castings with a maximum single Microstructure: martensitic matrix
Mo 2.4 – 2.8 weight of 2 tons containing primary and secondary
Cu –
N – carbides

Weldability: slurries, milk of lime and limestone


®
Description: Components of Norihard cannot suspensions, as well as wash water
• Norihard® is a martensitic white be welded and effluent with a high sand con-
iron alloyed with chromium and tent. Using Norihard® for handling
molybdenum. bauxite and aluminium oxide sus-
• Soft-annealing after casting will Application: pensions significantly increases the
make the material suitable for Norihard® is used for abrasive service life of pump components.
any type of machining, including fluids containing large amounts of
drilling and thread cutting. solids such as bauxite and sinter
• Finish-machined parts are subse-
quently hardened by further heat
Field test results:
treatment.
Material Bauxite suspension Aluminium-oxide suspension
• The hardness of the finished com-
Solids content 600 –700 g/l Solids content 300 – 400 g/l
ponent ranges between 750 and
Pump type KWP 150 – 400 Pump type KWP 150 – 315
1000 HV 50, depending on the
JL 1040 (GG-25) 1,500 h 1,000 h
wall thickness.
Ni-Hard 4 5,000 h 5,500 h
Norihard® > 7,000 h > 10,000 h
Total service life of pumps as a function of their materials of construction

Mechanical properties: Wear resistance:


Reference values at room temperature
70 Mixture ratio: 1:1
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2)
Linear abrasion rate VL (mm/a)

– Grain size: 0.9 – 1.2 mm


60
Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm2) – Test duration: 2 h
50 Speed: 3000 min-1
GX220Cr18

Elongation at failure A5 (%) – 40


Specimen size: Ø 55 x 5 cm
JL 1040 (GG-25)

Reduction of area Z (%) – 30


Ni-Hard 4

Norihard®

ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) –


GG-Ni 3,5

20

Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) ≥ 25


ERN

10

Vickers hardness HV 50 ≥ 750 0


Abrasion rates of various cast materials
exposed to hydroabrasive wear

Test performed with a silica sand and water mixture

9
Noriloy®

Designation: GX170CrMo25-2 • In hardened condition, the matrix


still contains enough chromium
Chemical composition: and molybdenum to ensure good
(Reference values, wt. %) corrosion resistance in slightly
C 1.5 – 1.8 acidic media.
Si ≤ 1.0
Mn ≤ 1.0 Products:
Cr 24.0 – 26.0 Castings with a maximum single
Microstructure: ferritic matrix con-
Ni – weight of 2 tons
taining primary and secondary car-
Mo 1.5 – 2.5
bides
Cu – Weldability:
N – Components of Noriloy® cannot be processes, in waste incineration
welded plant, milk of lime and limestone
suspensions, aggressive pit water
Description:
Application: containing ore, coal or mine tail-
• Noriloy® is a chromium- and ®
Noriloy finds specific application ings, and in acidic, heavily sand or
molybdenum-alloyed white iron
in highly abrasive, slightly corrosive solids-laden waste water and slur-
with a ferritic matrix.
fluids with a high solids content ries.
• Soft-annealing after casting will
such as the products of semi-dry
make the material suitable for
any type of machining, including
drilling and thread cutting. Field test results:
• Finish-machined parts are hard- Material Milk of lime containing CaSO3 Limestone suspension
ened and tempered by further Chloride content: 1000 – 5000 ppm Chloride content: 1000–7000 ppm
heat treatment. pH: 6–10, T: 60 °C pH: 6.5–9, T: 40 °C
• Contrary to self-hardening mate- Solids content: 20 – 45 by weight% Solids content 40–65 by weight%
rials, such as Ni-Hard alloys, Pump type KWP 80 – 500 Pump type KWP 250 – 500
Noriloy® is suitable for compo- GX40Cr-
nents of any configuration or NiMo27-5 approx. 10,000 h approx. 1,500 h
design. Noriloy® 40,000 – 50,000 h 30,000 – 40,000 h
Total service life of pumps as a function of their materials of construction

Mechanical properties: Wear resistance:


Reference values at room temperature Mixture ratio: 1:1
90
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2) ≥ 400 Grain size: 0.9 – 1.2 mm
Linear abrasion rate VL (mm/a)

80
Test duration: 2 h
Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm2) – 70
Speed: 3000 min-1
GX 5 CrNiMo 19-11-2

60 Specimen size: Ø 55 x 5 cm
GX 40 CrNiMo 27-5

Elongation at failure A5 (%) – 50


Noridur® 1.4593

JL 1040 (GG-25)

Reduction of area Z (%) – 40


GX 220 Cr 18

30
ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) –
Norihard®
Noriloy®

20
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) ≥ 25
ERN

10

Vickers hardness HV 50 ≥ 500 0


Abrasion rates of various cast materials
exposed to hydroabrasive wear

Test performed with a silica sand and water mixture

10
Noridur® DAS

Designation: Products:
GX3CrNiMoCuN24-6-2-3 Castings with a maximum single
specially heat-treated weight of 1 ton

Chemical composition: Weldability:


Components of Noridur® DAS
(Reference values, wt. %)
cannot be welded
C ≤ 0.04
Si ≤ 1.5
Mn ≤ 1.5 Corrosion resistance: Microstructure: austenitic matrix
Cr 23.0 – 26.0 Material Corrosion containing intermetallic phases and
Ni 5.0 – 8.0 rate residual ferrite
Mo 2.0 – 3.0 (mm/a)
Cu 2.75 – 3.5 Noridur® 1.4593 < 0.01 ling corrosive fluids with high solids
N 0.1 – 0.2 Noricrom® 1.4475 < 0.01 content in industrial and chemical
Noridur® DAS 0.08 processes, in waste water installa-
Description: tions and in the environmental pro-
GX 40 CrNiMo 27-5
• Noridur® DAS is a wear-resistant tection sector.
(1.4464) 0.3 Noridur® DAS is mainly used
duplex stainless steel with a preci-
pitation-hardened microstructure for pump components subject to
Test conditions: hydraulic loads and in contact with
characterized by an austenitic
Exposure tests gypsum suspensions and limestone
matrix containing intermetallic
Test medium: 0.1 n HCl (O2-free) slurries in flue gas desulphurization
phases as well as some residual
pH: 1.0 systems. It is the choice material in
ferrite.
Temperature: 60 °C those areas where the demand is for
• Its chemical composition is iden-
longer warranty terms and service
tical to that of the Noridur® Application: lives.
duplex stainless steel. The applications of Noridur® DAS
• As a result of additional special are manifold: it is suitable for hand-
heat treatment, precipitation of
Field test results:
hard, wear-resistant intermetallic
Material Gypsum and limestone suspension
phases in the ferritic part of the
Chloride content: up to 50,000 ppm
matrix of base material Noridur®. pH: approx. 5, T: 60 °C
• It offers better resistance to Solids content: 15 – 20 % by weight
hydroabrasive wear than Nori- Pump type KWP 600–803
dur® and at the same time good Duplex stainless steel approx. 10,000 h
corrosion resistance in acidic Noridur® DAS 45,000 – 50,000 h
chloride-containing media. Total service life of pumps as a function of their materials of construction

Mechanical properties: Wear resistance


(Reference values at room temperature) 80
Mixture ratio: 1:1
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm ) 2
≥ 500 70 Grain size: 0.9 – 1.2 mm
Linear abrasion rate VL (mm/a)

60 Test duration: 2 h
Noridur® DAS

Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm2) – Speed: 3000 min-1


GX 40 CrNiMo 27-5

50 Specimen size: Ø 55 x 5 cm
Noriclor® 1.4573

Elongation at failure A5 (%) –


Noridur® 1.4593

40
Noricrom®

Reduction of area Z (%) – 30


Norihard®
Noriloy®
1.4475

ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) – 20


10
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) ≥ 30
0
Vickers hardness HV 50 ≥ 240 Abrasion rates of various cast materials
exposed to hydroabrasive wear

Test performed with a silica sand and water mixture

11
Noricrom®

Designation: Products:
GX150CrNiMoCuN41-6-2 Castings with a maximum single
Material number: 1.4475 weight of 1 ton

Weldability:
Chemical composition: Components of Noricrom® cannot
(Reference values, wt. %) be welded
C 1.4 – 1.7
Corrosion resistance:
Si ≤ 1.0
Mn ≤ 1.0 Material Corrosion Microstructure: ferritic-austenitic
rate matrix with primary carbides
Cr 39.5 – 42.0
(mm/a)
Ni 5.0 – 7.0
Mo 2.0 – 3.0 Noridur® 1.4593 < 0.01
Application:
Cu ≤ 1.20 Noricrom® 1.4475 < 0.01
Noricrom® 1.4475 is, for example,
N 0.1 – 0.2 Noridur® DAS 0.08 used in flue gas desulphurization
GX 40 CrNiMo 27-5 processes involving highly acidic,
Description: (1.4464) 0.3 chloride-containing fluids with high
®
• Noricrom is a triplex stainless solids contents.
steel with a ferritic-austenitic Test conditions:
matrix and a carbide content of Exposure tests
approximately 30% by volume. Test medium: 0.1 n HCl (O2-free)
• The balanced formation of the pH: 1.0
multi-phase microstructure is the Temperature: 60 °C
result of special heat treatment.
Field test results:
• The carbides in the matrix form
a dense, net-like structure, which Material Material Gypsum suspension
number Chloride content: up to 70,000 ppm
accounts for the material’s opti- pH: > 4, T: 65 °C
mum wear resistance. Solids content: 25 % by weight
• The high chrome and molybde- Impeller Impeller (n = 740 min-1)
num contents provide excellent KWP K 125-400 KWP K 600–823
corrosion resistance in highly (n = 1480 min-1) highest lowest
acidic, chloride-containing media. spray level spray level
• There is no need for special com- GX4CrNiMoCu24-6-2-3 1.4593 – 8,000 h 10,000 h
ponent designs or configurations. Noridur® DAS – 12,000 h 20,000 h 30,000 h
• The material is protected by Noricrom® 1) 1.4475 > 70,000 h 45,000 h 65,000 h
patent (patent number Total service life of pumps as a function of their materials of construction
EP 0 760 019 B1). 1)
Projection based on practical experience

Mechanical properties: Wear resistance:


Reference values at room temperature 80 Mixture ratio: 1:1
Grain size: 0.9 – 1.2 mm
2
≥ 500 70
Linear abrasion rate VL (mm/a)

Tensile strength Rm (N/mm )


60
Test duration: 2 h
Noridur® DAS

Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm )2


– Speed: 3000 min-1
GX 40 CrNiMo 27-5

50 Specimen size: Ø 55 x 5 cm
Noriclor® 1.4573
Noridur® 1.4593

Elongation at failure A5 (%) – 40


Noricrom®

Norihard®

Reduction of area Z (%) – 30


Noriloy®
1.4475

20
ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) –
10
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) ≥ 30 0
Abrasion rates of various cast materials
Vickers hardness HV 50 ≥ 350 exposed to hydroabrasive wear

Test performed with a silica sand and water mixture

12
Norinox®

Designation: ciation for Technical Supervision)


GX3CrNiMo19-11-2 supplementing the relevant tech-
Material number: nical instructions published by
comparable to 1.4409 the German Pressure Vessel
Society (AD-Merkblatt W5/W10),
Chemical composition: Norinox® is suitable for use with
(Reference values, wt. %) temperatures ranging from
C ≤ 0.04 -105 °C to +400 °C.
Si ≤ 1.5 • The minimum yield strength at
Mn ≤ 1.5 elevated temperature Rp0.2 at Microstructure: austenitic matrix
Cr 18.0 – 20.0 400 °C is 110 N/mm2. containing delta-ferrite (≤ 10%)
Ni 10.0 – 12.0
used in industry, process engineer-
Mo 2.0 – 3.0 Products:
ing, marine and offshore applica-
Cu – Castings with a maximum single
tion, environmental engineering and
N – weight of 2.5 tons
waste water management.

Description: Weldability:
Notch impact energy at low
• Norinox® is an austenitic stainless Using compatible filler metals and
temperatures (ISO-V notched
steel. one of the welding processes com-
specimen):
• It is comparable to low-carbon monly used for austenitic high-alloy
steel quality CF 3M to ANSI/ steels, components of Norinox® can 200
Variation
ASTM A351/A743. be easily welded. Thanks to the range
• Average carbon content 0.032 material’s very low carbon content,
150
±0.006 % by weight (KSB ladle it is not necessary to solution-
analysis reports) anneal the product after production
• After solution-annealing, welding provided the appropriate 100
® welding parameters are observed.
Norinox is fully resistant to Minimum value to
intergranular corrosion thanks to EN 10283
50
its low carbon content. Application: –200 –150 –100 –50 0 RT 50
• As per the Application Expertise Norinox® covers a wide application
of TÜV Bavaria (German Asso- spectrum for pumps and valves

Mechanical properties: Tensile strength at elevated temperatures:


Reference values at room temperature 300 Reference values Rp0.2 to EN 10213
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2) 470 – 670 Reference values Rp1.0 to EN 10213
250 Actual values Rp0.2
Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm2) ≥ 210 Actual values Rp1.0
200
Elongation at failure A5 (%) ≥ 30
150
Reduction of area Z (%) ≥ 45
ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) ≥ 120 100

Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) – 50


Brinell hardness 130 – 200 0
0 50 100 200 300 400

13
Noridur®

Designation: • Excellent resistance to uniform


GX3CrNiMoCuN24-6-2-3 corrosion in highly acidic media
Material number: 1.4593 and to localized corrosion in
chloride-containing fluids.
Chemical composition: • The mean pitting resistance
(Reference values, wt. %) equivalent (PREN)
C ≤ 0.04 (%Cr+3.3%Mo+16%N) is 35.7.
Si ≤ 1.5 • Noridur® offers higher resistance
Mn ≤ 1.5 to stress corrosion cracking and Microstructure: ferritic-austenitic,
Cr 23.0 – 26.0 is less susceptible to corrosion fa- containing approximately 50%
Ni 5.0 – 8.0 tigue in chloride-containing austenite
Mo 2.0 – 3.0 media than austenitic steels.
Cu 2.75 – 3.5
N 0.10 – 0.2 Products: Application:
Castings with a maximum single Noridur® is used in a wide range
Description: weight of 5 tons of applications in industrial and
®
• Noridur is a duplex stainless chemical processes, in waste water
steel containing austenite and fer- Weldability: systems, in environmental engineer-
rite in a 1:1 ratio Using compatible filler metals and ing, as well as in the marine and
• Its higher strength compared with an appropriate welding process, offshore sectors.
austenitic steels and its high duc- components of Noridur® can be Noridur® is specifically applied for
tility are of advantage for the easily welded. Thanks to the handling any type of chloride-con-
configuration and design of com- material’s very low carbon content, taining fluid, reducing acid and
ponents it is not necessary to solution- acidic process water or scrubber
• Maximum application tempera- anneal the product after production suspensions.
ture: 290 °C welding provided the relevant weld-
• Higher resistance to cavitation ing parameters are observed.
and wear than austenitic steels

Mechanical properties: Corrosion resistance:


(Reference values at room temperature)
140
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2) ≥ 650 Boiling point
120 curve
Yield strength Rp0.2 ≥ 450
100 1.4593 (duplex stainless steel)
Elongation at failure A5 (%) ≥ 23 1.4500 (austenitic stainless steel)
Reduction of area Z (%) ≥ 50 80
0.1 mm/a
ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) ≥ 60 60
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) – 40
0.1 mm/a
Vickers hardness HV 50 ≥ 200 20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
H2SO4 concentration (% by weight)
ISO-corrosion diagram of corrosion resistance in flow-
ing sulphuric acid (flow velocity v = 10 m/s)

14
Noriclor®

Designation: • Significantly higher resistance to


GX3CrNiMoCuN24-6-5 pitting and crevice corrosion than
Material number: 1.4573 duplex stainless steel.
• The mean pitting resistance
equivalent (PREN)
Chemical composition: (%Cr+3.3%Mo+16%N) is 43.7.
(Reference values, wt. %) • Compared with austenitic stain-
C ≤ 0.04 less steels, Noriclor® is more
Si ≤ 1.0 resistant to stress corrosion crac-
Mn ≤ 1.0 king and less susceptible to
Cr 22.0 – 25.0 corrosion fatigue in chloride-con-
Ni 4.5 – 6.5 Microstructure: ferritic-austenitic,
taining media.
Mo 4.5 – 6.0 containing approximately 50%
• Compared with other stainless
Cu 1.5 – 2.5 austenite
steels, Noriclor® is more resistant
N 0.15 – 0.25 to hydroabrasive wear.
• In many applications, Noriclor®
Description: is an excellent substitute for the
• Noriclor® is a super duplex stain- more expensive corrosion resi-
less steel containing austenite and stant nickel-base alloys.
ferrite in a 1:1 ratio.
• Its higher strength compared with
Products: Application:
austenitic steels and its high duc-
Castings with a maximum single Noriclor® is used for those acids in
tility are of advantage for the
weight of 2.5 tons the range of critical concentrations
configuration and design of com-
ponents. and for those media with a high
• Maximum application tempera- Weldability: chloride content, in particular at
ture: 290 °C. Using compatible filler metals and elevated temperatures, where Nori-
• Higher resistance to cavitation an appropriate welding process, dur® provides insufficient corrosion
and wear than austenitic steels. components of Noriclor® can be resistance.
• Excellent resistance to uniform easily welded. Thanks to the Noriclor® is typically employed for
corrosion in highly acidic media material’s very low carbon content, handling aggressive media in chemi-
and to localized corrosion in it is not necessary to solution- cal processes, in waste water trans-
fluids with a high chloride con- anneal the product after production port, in environmental engineering
tent, in particular at elevated welding provided the relevant weld- and in the marine and offshore sec-
temperatures. ing parameters are observed. tors.

Mechanical properties: Corrosion resistance:


(Reference values at room temperature) 140
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2) ≥ 690 120
Boiling point
curve
1.4573 (super duplex stainless steel)
Yield strength Rp0.2 (N/mm2) ≥ 480 100 1.4593 (duplex stainless steel)
0.1 mm/a
Elongation at failure A5 (%) ≥ 22 80
1.4500 (austenitic stainless steel)

Reduction at fracture Z (%) ≥ 50 60


0.1 mm/a
ISO-V notch impact energy AV (J) ≥ 50 40
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm3/2) – 20
0.1 mm/a

Brinell hardness ≥ 200 0


0 20 40 60 80 100
H2SO4 concentration (% by weight)
ISO-corrosion diagram of corrosion resistance in static
sulphuric acid

15
Noricid®

Designation:
GX3CrNiSiN20-13-5 Products:
Material number: 9.4306 Castings with a maximum single
weight of 2.0 tons
Chemical composition:
(Reference values, wt. %) Weldability:
C ≤ 0.04 Using compatible filler metals and
Si 4.0 – 5.0 an appropriate welding process,
Mn 4.0 – 5.0 components of Noricid® can be
Cr 19.0 – 21.0 easily welded. Thanks to the Microstructure: austenitic matrix
Ni 12.0 – 14.0 material’s very low carbon content, containing approximately 10–15%
Mo ≤ 0.2 it is not necessary to solution- delta ferrite
Cu – anneal the product after production
N ≤ 0.15 welding provided the relevant weld-
ing parameters are observed.
Description:
• Noricid® is a special austenitic Application:
stainless steel characterized by a Noricid® is used for handling highly
high resistance to oxidizing acids. oxidizing acids such as concentra-
• In 80 – 98% boiling nitric acids ted nitric, chromic or sulphuric
it is clearly superior to standard- acid.
ized austenitic stainless steels of
Corrosion resistance:
the variety containing 18% chro-
6.0
mium and 10% nickel.
4.0 Noricid® 9.4306
• Its high resistance to oxidizing Norisil® 9.4306-Si 1)
Test melt with 6.5% Si
acids results from SiO2 2.0 Material 1.4308,
protective layers. G-X6 CrNi 18 9 ASTM A743 CF8
• The very low carbon content of 1.0
Linear corrosion rate VL (mm a–1)

0.8
Noricid® warrants its resistance
0.6
to intergranular corrosion. 0.4

Mechanical properties: 0.2


(Reference values at room temperature
0.1
Tensile strength Rm (N/mm2) ≥ 600 0.08
Yield strength Rp0.2 ≥ 300 0.06
0.04
Elongation at failure A5 (%) ≥ 30
Reduction of area Z (%) ≥ 30
0.02
ISO-V notch impact energy AV ≥ 80 Azeotrope
formation
3/2
Fracture toughness KIC (N/mm ) – 0.01
0.008
0.006
50 60 70 80 90 100
Concentration of boiling nitric acid; HNO3 (% by weight)
1) Material with 5.5 % Si developed from Noricid®

16
Casting Competence Around the World

Casting Competence Centres

Germany

USA
China
Pakistan

Mexico India

Indonesia
Brazil

castings with single weights of up to Certification


5 tons. • Certification to DIN EN ISO 9001
A total volume of more than 10,000 • TÜV-approved manufacturer
tons of castings leaves our foundries according to AD-Merkblatt
each year. They serve as compo- WO/TRD 100 published by the
nents for a wide variety of pumps German Pressure Vessel Society
and valves, but also for similar pro- • TÜV-approved materials testing
ducts of customers outside the KSB laboratory
Group. • Lloyds Register of Shipping
Top technology and maximum eco- approval
nomic efficiency are our guidelines • Det Norske Veritas approval
in manufacturing these castings, • German Lloyd approval
The KSB Group operates foundries which are used in the broad pro- • Bureau Veritas approval
in the United States, Mexico, Ger- duct spectrum of the KSB Group • Qualified manufacturer to ASME
many, Brazil, Indonesia, Pakistan, delivered to every part of the world. Code III NCA-38a
India and in the People’s Republic
of China. In recent years, our Pegnitz foundry
These produce more than forty dif- has developed into the centre of Environmental protection
ferent cast materials ranging from KSB casting technology. Here, the management
grey cast iron to high-alloy steel and high standards to be met by all • Certification to
white iron. Drawing on decades of KSB foundries are established, and DIN EN ISO 14001
experience, our experts apply their compliance with these standards is
extensive know-how to all kinds of monitored.

17
Cement Transport

Pneumatic conveyors for transport- against the Norihard® valve discs


ing bulk goods are widely used in in the transport pipes is comparable
transport and process engineering. to that of the grit from a sand
Propelled by a continuous flow of blast apparatus. Even under these
gas, the mixture of carrier gas and severe conditions, the discs provide
bulk particles moves through the tight shut-off and have the neces-
discharge pipe at a gas velocity of sary wear resistance for cost-
around 20 to 30 m/s. At this velo- efficient operation of the system.
city, the impact of the cement dust

Sugar Production

After farmers deliver their sugar mud, especially after a


beet to the factory, the produce period of foul weather.
first has to be cleaned with water. The resulting mixture of sand and hard®. Pumps whose casings and
Even if the beets are harvested with water is extremely abrasive and impellers are made of this KSB-
the latest farm equipment, they calls for the use of a highly abra- manufactured material will give
can be literally covered in sticky sion-resistant material like Nori- many years of reliable service.

Flue Gas Desulphurization

KSB knows how to build extremely from precipitation-hardened Nori- ed when fossil fuels such as wood,
®
hard-wearing and corrosion-resis- dur DAS have been successfully coal and mineral oil are burned,
tant scrubber pumps. Pumps made employed in the flue gas is “scrubbed“ with a ground lime-
desulphurization stone / water suspension and trans-
systems of fossil formed to gypsum. As scrubber
fuel-fired power sta- systems are commonly operated
tions around the continuously for many years at
world for decades. a time, the pumps installed in
With the help of these systems have to be extremely
these pumps, sulphur durable and resistant.
dioxide (SO2), the
so-called greenhouse
gas, which is produc-

18
Chemical and Process Engineering

Zero-leakage pumps are today a corrosion behaviour of


preferred option for the reliable materials, these are nor-
transport of some of the extremely mally based on uniform
corrosive and aggressive fluids corrosion in unadulter-
found in chemical and process engi- ated, static fluids. In real
neering. The reliability and useful life, however, products
life of these pumps largely depend are often contaminated,
on the correct selection of the mate- and contaminants tend
rial of construction. In the case of to speed up corrosion
chemical pumps, two major criteria processes. This has to be
need to be considered: the mechani- kept in mind when selecting the market has to offer. The combi-
cal loading the components will be materials for the principal pump nation of corrosion resistance and
exposed to and how aggressive the components. Noridur® has proven wear resistance make Noridur® the
medium pumped is. Making the to be an excellent choice for pump choice material for a great variety
right choices is even more difficult casings and impellers, which is why of applications.
when dealing with new products or our pump units - compared with
processes. Although there is a mass the life cycle costs of competitive
of empirical values available on the products - are among the best the

Seawater Desalination

In the largest seawater desalination importance for a reliable drinking


station ever built, our pumps play water supply to the population and
a major part in securing the supply for the economically sensible utili-
of potable water. At a flow rate of zation of energy resources. Impel-
20,000 cubic metres per hour each, lers and pump casings of Noridur®
the nine giant-sized tubular casing are capable of meeting the high
pumps transport warm (35 °C), demands made on primary pump
highly aggressive seawater to the components in such crucial installa-
station. Thousands of cubic metres tions.
of concentrated brine are pumped
through the various evaporation
stations and finally back into the
sea by enormous brine recirculation
pumps weighing up to 90 tons. The
pumps’ efficiency figures, which are
not just high but remain steady
over long periods of time, and their
long services lives are of paramount

19
THE PUMP AND VALVE SPECIALIST KSB OFFERS WORLDWIDE ...

COMPETENCE AND SERVICE AROUND INTELLIGENT INTE- ON-THE-SPOT


EXPERIENCE THE CLOCK GRATED SYSTEMS ADVICE
SOLUTIONS
Looking back on more KSB service is guaranteed KSB‘s hydraulics experts With 27 manufacturing
than 130 years of ex- worldwide and around provide turnkey water sites as well as sales

Subject to modification without notice.


perience, we can offer the clock. With our instal- and waste water transfer branches and agencies,
state-of-the-art pump and lation and inspection, systems. KSB is on hand in 100
valve technology for a servicing, maintenance countries. Wherever you
great variety of applica- and repair services, as need us.
tions. These range from well as our comprehensive
building services to indus- service packages, we set
trial processes, water standards.
engineering, power gene-
ration and mining.

bdf
06/02
0141.03/8-10

KSB Aktiengesellschaft
Materials Technology • Bahnhofplatz 1 • 91257 Pegnitz (Germany)
Tel. +49 (92 41) 71 16 93 • Fax +49 (92 41) 71 17 82 • e-mail: materials@ksb.com, www.ksb.com

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