COACHING
1 kg of gas fixed composition is
SET 4 (Pink)
1.)
2.) State changes to a nonflow constant
volume and constant pressure.
P1= 270psia V1= 4ft3/lb
P2= 80psia V2= 9ft3/lb
a.) constant volume followed by
constant pressure (74 Btu/lb)
b.) constant pressure followed by
constant volume (250 BTU/lb)
3.)
4.)
5.)
6.) A 0.2kg of air initially with
temperature of 25 Celsius and pressure
of 140kpa. After a reversible constant
pressure non-flow process the
temperature risen to 175 Celsius. The
specific constant pressure may be
granted as 1.0048 kJ/kg-k. Find
a. The heat added mCp(t2-t1) =
0.2 x 1.0048x (448-298)= 30.1kj
b. The work done =2.1kj
c. The change in internal energy
U2-U1= heat added -work done =30.1-
2.1=28.1 kj
7.)
8.) A tank filled with air has a volume of
10 ft3 and a pressure of 20 psig at 100F
temperature.
a. Determine the specific volume
in the tank. (5.97 ft3/lb)
b. Determine the mass of the gas
in the tank (1.675 lb)
9.) A 0.
compressed in a cylinder. Before
compression the volume of the gas is
0.5m3, at a temperature at 30C and
102.9kPa. After compression the
volume of the gas is 0.008 m3 at the
pressure of 800 kPa.
a. Determine the temperature of
the gas after compression in C (104C)
b. the specific volume before
compression (0.5 m3/kg)
c. the R, gas constant of the gas
(169.8 J/kgK)
10.) Air at initial pressure of 15psi and
temperature of 60F undergoes
polytropic process such the final
temperature of 240F and pressure of
90psi. Find:
A.) Exponent "n" in polytropic
process. Ans. N=1.2
B.) Specific volume when
pressure reaches 30 psi. Ans. 12.83
and 7.2
C.) Temperature at condition b.)
584R
11.) Air compresses from 15 psi to 60
psi. If initial temperature is 60F and
initial volume is 1cu.ft. Find
A.) Mass in the process. Ans.
M=.078
B.) Work isothermal ans. -2630
C.) Work polytropic ans. -2997
12.) Helium, in which R=386 ft-lb/lb-R
and k= 1.66, is heated from initial
temperature of 80F to final temperature
of 180F, in an unknown process, Find
a. Cp (0.752)
 b. Cv (1.25) E. Heat transfer Btu -0.211
c. Delta U (75.2 BTU/lb) F. Volumetric displacement in
d. Delta H (125 BTU/lb) inches -5.78

13.)

14.) During an isentropic non-flow

process, the pressure drops from 60-
20psia, the mass of the air is 0.10lb, the
initial temperature was 280F. Find the:
a. the final temperature (541F)
b. the heat transferred (0)
17.) Air is heated in a non-flow process
c. change in internal energy (-
from 540R to 1500R, compress
3.4BTU)
isobarically with a pressure 90psia. The
d. work done (3.41 BTU)
air then expands isentropically with
pressure 15 psi, compute the following
15.) During constant volume non-flow
a. Q added (230.4 BTU/s)
reversible process which occurs in otto
b. Worknet (169.1 BTU/lb)
cycle, 4.0 BTU of heat are added, the
c. Delta S (2452)
cylinder contains 0.01lb of air, the initial
temperature and pressure is 650F and
18.) Air is heated in a non-flow process
210 psia respectively. Find:
from 540R to 1500R, compress
a. final temperature (2990F)
isobarically with a pressure 90psia. The
b. final pressure (653 psia)
air then expands isentropically with
c. work done (0)
pressure 15 psi, using air table compute
d. change internal energy (400
the following:
BTU)
a. Q added (240.1 BTU/lb)
b. Worknet (173.5 BTU/lb)
16.) Air is compressed in a cylinder
c. Delta s (0.2538)
during a non-flow reversible polytropic
process form an initial temperature and
19.) In an ideal Rankine reheat cycle,
pressure of 80F and 15psia to a final
operates steam at 1200 psi and 1060F
temperature and pressure of 285F and
from the boiler. After expansion in the
75psia. The cylinder contains 0.01 lbs of
turbine at 90 psi, the steam returns to
air and the area of the piston is 0.2 sq.
the boiler with reheat temperature of
ft. Find:
950F. The condenser pressure remains
A. Polytropic coefficient n 1.25 at 1 inHg. Calculate:
B. Work in ft lb -437 a.) pump work (4.1 BTU/lb)
C. Final Temperature 745 b.) heat added (1770.7 BTU/lb)
D. Change in Internal energy 0.351 c.) heat rejected (981.9)
 d.) turbine work (729.9 BTU/lb)
e.) work net (788.9 BTU/lb)
f.) cycle thermal efficiency
(44.5%)
g.) average temperature (512F)
20.) A Rankine regenerative steam cycle
employs two stages of steam extraction
to Feedwater heating. Boiler pressure
and temperature are at 1200 psia and
1050F respectively. The saturated
steam at condenser pressure has a
temperature of 79F. Calculate:
a.) the optimum extraction
pressure, to the nearest pounds per
square inch (26 psia)
b.) the mass of steam removed at
each of the extraction points in pound
per pound of steam throttle
(Mass1=0.1522lb/lb of throttle steam.
Mass 2 = 0.1295 lb/lb steam throttle)
c.) work of the pump (3.4 BTU/lb)
d.) the heat supplied to the
system (1145.5 BTU/lbm)
e.) the heat rejected by the
system of steam throttle (602.9
BTU/lbm)
f.) the turbine work (546.1
BTU/lbm)
g.) the net cycle work (542.6
BTU/lb)
h.) the thermal efficiency (47.4%)
21.) A Rankine regenerative reheat
steam cycle employs steam at 2000psia
and 1050F leaving the boiler. The cycle
includes one steam extraction stage for
feed water heating and one steam
reheat to 950F. The saturated steam
temperature in the condenser is 101.7F.
Compute the following:
a.) the optimum pressure
extracted for feed water heating
(170psia)
b.) the mass of the steam
extracted for feed water heating
(0.2372)
c.) pump work (6.6)
d.) heat supplied (1378.7)
e.) heat rejected (732.4)
f.) work of the turbine (652.8)
g.) work net (646.3)
h.) thermal efficiency (46.9%)
22.) A large turbine receives steam at
the throttle at 560 psia and 800F at the
rate of 100 lb/sec. The pressure after
the throttle is 500 psia. At the exhaust
flange the absolute pressure is 1.5 in
the steam velocity is 1000 fps at the
moisture content is 10%. Find:
a. the available energy to the
turbine (507 BTU/lb)
b. the throttling loss (6.6 BTU/lb)
c. the leaving loss (20 BTU/lb)
d. the enthalpy at the exhaust
point (1017.2 BTU/lb)
 e. the internal turbine work (392.2
BTU/lb)
f. the internal engine efficiency
(77.4%)
g. other internal losses not
accounted for throttling and leaving loss
above (88.2 BTU/lb)
h. the internal power developed
(55.478 Hp)
23.) A 60-kw auxiliary generator
operates with dry saturated steam at
200 psia. It has three nozzles; one is
always open, and the other two are
fitted with manually operated control
valves closed, the capacity of the
machine is 30KW. Speed control is
obtained by use of a throttle valve
actuated by a mechanical governor. At
quarter load, the pressure becomes 62
psia. Referred to an exhaust pressure of
2.4 psia, find for this load condition:
a. the throttling loss w/c be
accepted for control purposes (33.7
BTU/lb)
b. The additional and
unnecessary throttling loss if both hand
nozzle valves are inadvertently opened
(38.6 BTU/lb)
24.) Turbine A receives steam at the
throttle at 850 psia and 840F and
exhaust to the condenser at 0.7 psia;
the throttle steam flow is 187,000 lb/hr.
Under the stated conditions, both
turbines deliver 30000 shaft horsepower
with a mechanical efficiency of 96%
Find
a. the water rate, the heat rate, the
shaft engine efficiency and the
internal engine efficiency for
turbine A (5.47 lb/Shp-hr, 7759
BTU/Shp-hr, 81.2%, 84.6%)
b. the water rate, the heat rate, the
shaft engine efficiency and the
internal engine efficiency for
turbine B (6.23 lb/Shp-hr, 8675
BTU/Shp-hr, 77.4%, 80.6%)
25.) A small air compressor delivers 1
lb/min of air while supplying 3hp to the
air: Calculate the specific work (99000
ft-lb/lb)
26.)
27.)
28.)
29.) At a certain mountain location
barometer reads 13.5 psia, the intake
manifold gage across the country truck
reads 20 inHg vacuum. Find the
absolute pressure of the truck intake
manifold in psia and in inHg (3.5 inHg
and 7.5 psia)
30.)

31.) A working substance enters a
thermodynamic steady flow system with
the following conditions: p1=20 psia,
v1=11.7 ft³/lb, u1=101.6 Btu/lb and
V1=150 ft/s. The working substance
leaves the system with the following
conditions: p2=25 psia, v2=10.3 ft³/lb,
u2=149.0 Btu/lb and V2=500 ft/s.
Elevation energy changes through the
system are negligible and 10 Btu/lb of
heat transferred is added to the fluid as
it moves along the system. Determine
the work done on or by the fluid, Btu/lb.
ANS. (-)46.3 (on)
32.) A steam turbine receives steam at
1379 kPa gauge and exhausts it to the
condenser where the vacuum is
indicated as 635mmHg. From a
barometric pressure of 760mmHg,
compute the following:
a. absolute pressure at the
turbine inlet; kPa (1480.325 kPa)
b. the absolute pressure…
vacuum gauge reading; kPa and mmHg
(16.66 kPa and 125 mmHg)
33.) A boiler feedpump takes water at an
elevation of 10ft. Above a chosen datum
and pumps it into a boiler drum at an
elevation of 30ft. Calculate the change
in potential energy of water from pump
to boiler in ft.lb/lbm and Btu/lbm.
Answer:20ft.lb/lbm
Answer:0.0257Btu/lbm
34.) High engine steam enters the
turbine at the speed of 125 ft/s and
leaves the exhaust trunk at 1000 ft/s.
Determine the kinetic energy of the
steam in ft-lbf/lb and BTU/lb at
a. the entrance to the turbine
(242.6 ft-lbf/lb and 0.312 Btu/lb)
b. the exhaust trunk (15530 ft-
lbf/lb and 19.96 BTU/lb)
35.) High pressure steam enters the
turbine at the speed of 38 m/s and
leaves the exhaust trunk at 305 m/s.
Determine the kinetic energy of the
steam in KJ/kg and N-m/kg at
a. the entrance to the turbine
(0.722 KJ/kg and 722 n-m/kg)
b. the exhaust trunk (46.5 KJ/kg
and 46500 N-m/kg)
36.) Feedwater enters the boiler drum
with the pressure of 700 psia, 300 F,
and specific volume of 0.0174 ft3/lb. the
steam leaves the boiler drum with a
pressure of 600 psia, 550 F, and
specific volume of .8749 ft3/lb.
a.) flow work entering the boiler drum
2.25 BTU/lb
b.) flow work leaving the boiler drum
9.75 BTU/lb
37.) Feedwater enters the boiler drum
with the pressure of 4826 kpaa, 148.9
C, and specific volume of .00109 m3/kg.
the steam leaves the boiler drum with a
pressure of 4137 kpaa, 287.8 C, and
specific volume of .0546 m3/kg.
a.) flow work entering the boiler drum
5.26 ??/kg
b.) flow work leaving the boiler drum
225.9 ??/kg
38.) steam initially at a pressure of 150
psia and isentropically compressed at a
pressure of 15 psia. Determine:
Qa?? 0
Determine:
Internal energy = -148.1
Determine:
Work = 148.1
39.) A spark ignition engine operating at
a given load produces an indicated
power of 190 ihp with a corresponding
mechanical efficiency of 85%. The
engine uses 26.2 lb of gasoline during
20 minutes of test run while consuming
18.5 lb of air of minute. The heating
value of the gasoline used is 19500 Btu
per lb of fuel. Calculate the following:
a) the A/F ratio ans. 14.12
b) the indicated thermal efficiency
ans. 32.4%
c) the specific brake fuel
consumption in lb/bhp hr. Ans. 0.487 lb/
bhp hr
d) Engine friction power Ans.
28.4
40.) A two stroke compression ignition
engine has 14 cylinders and a total
piston displacement of 4500 cubic
inches. Operating at a speed of 1620
rpm, it produces continuously a torque
reading of 5960 ft. lb. In this speed, the
engine is found to have a specific brake
fuel consumption of 0.61 lb/bhp hr.
a) the brake engine horsepower
ans. 1840
b) the brake mean effective
pressure ans. 100 psi
c) the time required in burning
5000 gallons of fuel( sp. gr. 0.84) ans.
31.2 hr.
41.)
42.)In an ideal Otto cycle, the
temperature at the end of the heat
addition process is 2600F, the
temperature at the end of expansion
process is 883F.What is the
temperature in the end of expansion
process? (784F)
43.)
44.)
45.) In an ideal Diesel cycle, the change
in entropy in the heat rejection process
is 0.1662. The temperature and
pressure at the beginning of isentropic
compression are 75F and 15 psia
respectively. The pressure at the end of
the isentropic compression is 555 psia.
Find
a. the temperature at the
beginning of heat addition (1040F)
b. the highest temperature in the
cycle (2540F)
46.) A Diesel cycle has a 16 to 1
compression ratio and a peak cycle
temperature of 2912R. The conditions at
the beginning of compression are 14.7
psia and 60F. Assume constant specific
heat and find:
a. the peak pressure (714 psia)
b. the heat supplied (320 Btu/lb
c. the net work (199 BTU/lb
 d. thermal efficiency (26.2%
47.) A diesel cycle has a peak pressure
of 745 psia conditions at the beginning
of compression are 15psia and 530R.
Heat supplied is found to be 392 Btu/lb.
Assume constant specific heat find:
a. compression ratio (17 to 1)
b. the net work (227 Btu/lb)
c. cut off ration (1.9 to 1)
d. thermal efficiency (58%)
48.)
49.)
50.) Air enters in a convergent-divergent
nozzle having a stagnation conditions of
65C and 285 kpa. The mach number of
the throat is 0.77. For isentropic
expansion of the throat,find the
following:
a.) The throat Pressure :192.5kpa
b.) The throat temp.: 302.2 K
c.) The throat velocity: 268.3 m/s
57.) A Carnot power cycle employing 1lb
of air as a working substance operates
between temperature limits of 600F and
70F. The pressure at the beginning and
end of isothermal heat addition process
are 510psia and 170 psia, respectively.
Determine
a. The difference in volume
between the end of isentropic expansion
and isentropic compression (12.3 ft3/lb)
b. the heat supplied to the
system; the heat rejected by the system
(79.9)
c. the net work of the cycle
(39.9BTU/lb)
d. the cycle thermal efficiency
(50%)

51.)
52.)
53.)
54.)
55.)

56.) A boiler receives feed water at 1000

psia and 350 F and delivers
superheated vapor at 900 psia and 840
F. Neglect kinetic energy changes and
determine the work done by the boiler,
Btu/lb. ANS. 1093.8 Btu/lb