Paper Making Project

2018
Alexa Hernandez
Chemistry B
Period 1
GPO
Investigate the World- I investigated the world by researching about the paper
making industry and its history.

Take Action- I took action by creating paper.

Communicate Ideas - I communicated ideas by sharing our knowledge about

paper making within our group.
I can statement
I can investigate the origins of paper making and how it has impacted the world
economically and environmentally.

I can follow instructions and be able to make paper.

History of Papermaking
Who invented paper making? When was it What were the uses for paper in this time?
invented?
For the traders of the Silk Road, paper had a big
Paper was invented around 100 BC in China. In 105 advantage: it absorbed ink, so you couldn't erase it.
AD, under the Han Dynasty emperor Ho-Ti, a That made forgery harder.
government official in China named Ts'ai Lun was
the first to start a paper-making industry.

How was it made?

Ts’ai Lun seems to have made his paper by mixing

finely chopped mulberry bark and hemp rags with
water, mashing it flat, and then pressing out the
water and letting it dry in the sun.He may have
based his idea on bark cloth, which was very
common in China and also made from mulberry
bark
Pulp & Paper Industry: Environmental Pact
● About 40% of waste in the US is paper

● The process dangerous the environment with trees being cut down

● Over 30 acres of forest are destroyed each year

● The pulp and paper industry is partly responsible for endangerment of animals and extinction

● A lot of water is required for making paper

● Contributes to water and soil pollution

Pulp & Paper Industry: Economical Concerns
The forest products industry for approximately 4% of the total US manufacturing
GDP, manufactures over $200 billion in products annually.

Payroll of approximately $50 billion annually and is among the top 10

manufacturing sector employers in 45 states.

The stable and benign global economy of the past several years is now gone.
The Chemistry of Papermaking
The two most important components to paper are the cellulose and the bleach, if and when it is used.
Cellulose is found in plants and is protected by lignin (C9H10O2). Cellulose is great for papermaking
because of its adequate tensile strength and suppleness, or its flexibility. Not only that but the fibers that
comprise cellulose bond just so perfectly after being wetted and dried that it creates what we know and
use as paper. Bleach, the other important ingredient, is used to create higher quality paper. Without the
bleach, paper would turn yellows and browns because of the traces of lignin. Society is focused quite a bit
on appearance so when the paper is bleached it automatically makes it better.

In order to have paper, chemistry must be put to use. The main ways chemistry is used in creating paper
is when the lignin is dissolved in the water and taken from the cellulose. The next way chemistry is used is
when the fibrils from the cellulose bond together to form a compact structure called paper.
Steps in Papermaking
1. Gather materials: blender, rose
petals, grass, screens, sponge,
container, iron)
2. Blend materials for 20 seconds
3. Pour mixture into frame for shape
and spread it out.
4. Drain the liquid from the mixture
5. Pour into screen to even out the
material used
6. Press on it with the sponge and let
liquid the from it drain
7. Put mixture on a dry paper
8. Iron paper until dry and peel it off.
Images
Credit
http://www.paperonline.org/history-of-paper

http://www.chemistryislife.com/the-chemistry-of-p

https://www.worldwildlife.org/industries/pulp-and-paper