Ladoo Making Machine 2018

1) INTRODUCTION

India is the country of very great culture. The Indian culture is blend of various
cultures belonging to diverse religions, castes, regions, languages follow their own traditions
and rules. We Indians love to celebrate various festivals and occasions like religious festivals,
Weddings, birthday celebrations, receptions, meetings. These occasions celebrated with full
of joy and happiness with food and sweets. Among many other sweet dishes ladoo has its
own place in kitchen of Indian people. So sweet laddoos often used in these occasions.

Laddu or laddoo are sphere-shaped sweets originated in the Indian subcontinent.

Laddus are made of flour, Ghee/butter/oil and sugar with other ingredients that vary by recipe
like chopped nuts or dried resins. They are often served at festive or religious occasions.

Composition
Common flours used for laddu include gram flour (chickpea flour), wheat semolina and
ground coconut. These are combined with sugar and other flavorings, cooked in ghee and
molded into a ball shape. Some laddu recipes are prepared using Ayurvedic medicinal
ingredients, including methi laddu, multigrain and resin laddu. Nuts such as pistachios and
almonds are commonly stuffed into laddus.

Types of ladoos
Boondi laddu
Besan laddu
Coconut laddoo
Pedha
Semolina or Rava Laddu
Laddu with edible gum

Use
Laddu is often prepared for festivals or family events such as weddings and births, or given
as a prasadam(religious offering of food) at Hindu temples, especially at Venkateswara
Temple, Tirumala, Andhra Pradesh, it is famous with the name Tirupati Laddu. Laddu is
considered a traditional Eid dessert in some Muslim communities.
In Maharashtrian cuisine, there are traditional recipes for laddu intended as travel provisions.
Ladoo making procedur

Raw material prepared for laddoo such proper mixture of flour, sugar and other
ingridients cooked in ghee is moulded into sphere (ball) shape.

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2) OBJECTIVE

To modify the existing sugarcane bud cutting machine which can allow the farmer to
cut the sugarcane bud in a form which can be utilized as a planting for agricultural of
sugarcane. With ease and thus reducing the unnecessary wastage of sugarcane and increases
the production

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3) LITERATURE SURVEY
There are several methods for sugarcane bud chipping. It is by manually, and also by the use
of machines. Manual bud chip cutting with hand knife is a common practice. These
traditional tools used for bud chipping of sugar cane are unsafe, messy, minimum productive
and need skill and training. The risk of injury is also too high. This necessitates the
development of a sugarcane bud chipping machine.

Some of other exiting mechanisms for sugarcane bud cutting are as follows :

Hydraulic Sugarcane Bud Chipper

SUMEET TECHNOLOGIES, PUNE, developed this machine and all the information are
collected by them. It is the two way automatic sugarcane bud cutting machine. It runs on a
single phase 1 HP motor. This machine works on double acting single cylinder mechanism.
The cutters are connected to the reciprocating cylinder pistons which cut buds from
sugarcane. The cutters are reciprocates in a horizontal motion, to which the sugarcane is fed
by hand. The productivity of this machine is around 4000 buds per hour. The overall cost is
Rs. 48,000/-.

The disadvantages of this machine are;

1) Only inter-node cutting is possible.

2) Maintenance of hydraulic system is difficult.

3) Machine cost is high.

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 Ladoo Making Machine 2018

Rotary Cutter Sugarcane Bud Chipper

KRUTI INNOVATIONS, KOLHAPUR, has developed this machine and all the information
are collected by them. It runs on a single phase 1 HP motor. This machine is having a cam
operated rotating cutter inside the casing to which the sugarcane is fed. The productivity of
this machine is around 3600 budsper hour. The overall cost is Rs. 38,000/-

The disadvantages of this machine are;

1) There is chance of mixing of buds and wastes.

2) It is not safe to operator.

3) Machine cost is high.

Vertical Blade Sugarcane Bud Chipper

KAILASH TRADING COMPANY has developed this machine and all the information are
collected by them. It is an electrical double sided sugarcane bud chipper and runs on a single
phase 1 HP motor. The hemispheric blades are attached vertically to the either side of the
arm. The to and fro motion of an arm in a vertical axis makes the blades to scoop out the buds
from cane, which is fed horizontally on the platform. The productivity ranges up to 4000
buds per hour. The cutting speed ranges from 40-60 strokes/min. The cost of this machine is
Rs. 48,000.

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The disadvantages of this machine are,

1) Machine cost is high.

2) Only scooping operation is possible.

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4) MECHANISM AND WORKING

The working of this chipper is simple such that an illiterate person can also
work on it without getting any injury/any type of fatigue.

We have provided a lever on which we can grip on it easily. This lever is led to
swivel about the screw on the column, which acts like a bearing. The some portion of the
lever is supported on the tool attachment which slides in the T-joint. At the bottom portion of
the attachment we have mounted the cutter with the bolting, so that its removal is easy for its
finishing after some period of working.

Thus, as we apply force on the one side of the lever the attachments slides in T-
joint, causing the cutter to travel down which is the cutting stroke of the cutter.

We have got the bud of approx. 40mm length and 18mm depth, which is
sufficient for the cultivation of sugarcane.

We have carried out the experiment by considering the diam. of sugarcane as

nearly equal to 40mm.

5) THE COMPLETE ASSEMBLY

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 Ladoo Making Machine 2018

CATIA prototype

Actual built model

6) DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING

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4.1) Cutter: -

The essential component of Sugarcane chipper is the cutter, as shown in fig.

We have taken the hollow M.S. pipe of 40mm outer diameter. Then we cut it into half
portion of its periphery. After sharpening the one end on the hand grinder machine, we
heat treated it at higher temperature.

The material for the cutter to be used must be either high carbon steel or tool steel. In
our project, we have used Mild Steel which is heat treated to impart good hardness to the
sharp edges. The height of cutter must be enough to cut the sugarcane up to the full depth
of sugarcane. The exchange rate of the cutter is dependent on the type of material and its
sharpness.

Cutter under shear failure-

2800
shear stress = F/A = π
∗(402 −382 )
4

= 22.85 MPa < 115MPa............Design is safe for shear stress

cutter under crushing failure

2800
σcr =F/A = 40∗60

= 1.16 MPa < 155 MPa.................Design is safe for crushing failure

Thus, cutter is safe for shear and crushing failure.

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(CATIA part design) (Actual component)

4.2) Column with base plate :-

The next component is the column on which all the other components are mounted. It
is the base for the other parts. The base plate is welded at the bottom of the column. The
middle hole is drilled for the mounting of shaft for guiding the cutter shaft.

The top most shape is provided for lever to swivel about the bolt through the holes
provided.

(CATIA part design) (Actual component)

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4.3) T-Joint:-

The T-joint is used for guiding the cutter shaft vertically. It is

mounted on the rod which is horizontally mounted on column
where hole is provided on column.

4.4) Cutter mounting attachment :-

Cutter is mounted on the bottom side of the shaft as shown in fig.The joint is done
with the help of bolting through the hole at bottom.The top most attachment is for the
guiding of lever.

(Actual component) (CATIA part design)

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4.5) Lever:

In order to reduce the force required to cut the bud of sugarcane the lever is used.
The lever gives leverage and reduce the manual effort required to cut the
sugarcane. The lever is circular in cross section with 25mm diameter. One of the
endof lever is connected to the column with the help of nut and bolt. This lever is
taken from the scrap.
The design of lever is as follows,

Normal hand can apply 25kg (250N) force without fatigue (continuously)

From research papers, we got shear strength of sugarcane at node=750 KPa

therefore force required to cut sugarcane at node -

R = shear stress * perimeter * length

π∗0.038∗0.04
=750*103* 2

=1790.7N=1800N

Taking moment about A=

P*630=R*x

x=P*630/R=250*630/1800

=87.5=100mm

4.6) The other components are:

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Bolt with washers.

Spring

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7) PROJECT COST ESTIMATION

Sr No. Name Of Components & Process Name Of Material Cost in Rupees

1. Cutter Mild Steel ---- (Scrap)

2. Column and base plate Mild Steel ---- (Scrap)

3. Cutter Mounting Attachment Mild Steel ---- (Scrap)

4 Lever Mild Steel ---- (Scrap)

5. Spring Steel Alloy 30

6. Plywood wood ---- (Scrap)

7. T-Joint Galvanized Steel 50

8 Nuts & Bolts Mild Steel 70

9. Cutter heat treatment --- 100

10. Welding --- 50

Total 300

8) ADVANTAGES & LIMITATION

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 Ladoo Making Machine 2018

 ADVANTAGES
1. This sugarcane bud chipper machine is very cheap.
2. It is compact in size.
3. Less time consuming.
4. Easy to handle.
5. Unskilled person can easily handle the machine.

 LIMITATIONS
1. Cutter is needed to change after specific period of time.

9) CONCLUSION

The sugarcane bud cutting machine is very useful to small scale farmers to planting
sugarcane bud. Also time is saved by this process as compare to the traditional system of

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sugarcane bud plant .Extra piece of sugarcane bud is waste in small scale farm that can be
saved by using sugarcane bud cutting machine that can be used as a fodder for animals. The
cost of sugarcane bud chipping machine is reduced compared to available machines, so that
small farmers can afford this easily.

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 Ladoo Making Machine 2018

10) FUTURE SCOPE

By using scotch Yoke mechanisum and Electric Motor we can operate that machine
Automatically. By using scotch yoke mechanisum we can convert rotary motion of motor
shaft into reciprocating motion of rod connected to cutting tool so that operation will be fully
automated and no need to apply force manually.

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11) REFERENCES

 Books:

1. Design of machine element by V. B. Bhandari, Third edition, Publisher : Tata

McGraw Hill Education private Limited, New Delhi.

2.Tool Design by Cyril Donaldson, George H LeCain and V c Goold, Third edition
Publisher: Tata McGraw Hill edition.

 Research Papers :

1. Sanjay Patil, Nikhil Nangare, Aditya Waghmare, Mayur Zope, Meet Thakkar, Design and
modification of bud scooping machine IRJET, International Research Journal of Engineering
and Technology(IRJET)e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | April-2016.

2. Abel Roy , Gat Vaibhav , Patil Harshavardhan ,Upadhye Dhiraj D. , Design and
fabrication of semi automated sugarcane bud chipping machine, A National Level
Conference and Technical Fest on 30th April 2016.

3. Suraj S. Magdum, Shubham C. Pawar, Pankaj B. Gavali, Sugarcane bud cutting

machine,International Journal Of Innovative Research in Science and Engineering, Vol. No.
2, Issue 10, October 2016.

4. Joby Bastian, Shridhar, Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Sugarcane Stalks for the
Development of a Whole Cane Combine Harvester Volume : 4, Issue : 9, September
2014.

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Ladoo Making Machine 2018

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