CHEMISTRY

TH
CLASS 9
OBJECTIVE +
SUBJECTIVE

Prepared By: SADIQ MUGHAL (M.Sc)

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 1

 CHEMISTRY

CHAPTER No. 1 c) Latin English )a

d) All Greek or German )b
Introduction of Chemistry Formula of Quick Lime is .XIV
c) CaCO3 CaO )a
‫درست جو اب کے گر د دائر ہ لگا ئیں‬ d) NaOH NaCl )b
Types of Mixture is .XV
‫پا نی کا مو لر ما س ہے۔‬ .I c) 4 2 )a
c) 18g 18amu )a d) 8 6 )b
d) 18g 18mg )b Number of neutron in Calcium is: .XVI
All of the following are tri-atomic .II c) 40 20 )a
molecules except d) 39 19 )b
c) CO O3 )a Mass of fluorine is : .XVII
d) CO2 H2O )b c) 10 9 )a
The Molar mass of H2SO4 is .III d) None 19 )b
c) 98amu 98g )a Mass of proton is: .XVIII
d) 9.8amu 9.8g )b c) both 1.0073 amu )a
______ number of moles are equivalent to .IV d) None 1.672×10-25 g )b
8 gram of CO2 Relative atomic mass extract from .XIX
c) 0.18 0.15 )a comparison of :
d) 0.24 0.21 )b c) 13 12 )a
The most abundant element occurring in .V d)1/14 1/12 )b
the ocean is Ratio in glucose molecule is: .XX
c) Hydrogen Oxygen )a c) 1:2:1 1:2 )a
d) Silicon Nitrogen )b d) 1:2:4 1:2:3 )b
Gram atomic mass of Hydrogen is: .VI Empirical formula of benzene is: .XXI
c) 2.016g a) 1.008g c) CHO CH2O )a
d) 2.016amu b) 1.008amu d) CH2 CH )b
The chemical formula washing soda is: .VII Specie which have positive ion is called .XXII
c) Na2SO4.6H2O Na2SO4 )a c) both Cation )a
Na2CO3.10H2O d) Na2SO4.10H2O )b d) Atom Anion )b
%age by weight of Chlorine in Ocean is: .VIII Free Radical is represented by .XXIII
c) 2.8 1.8 )a C) Comma Line )a
d)4.8 3.8 )b d) Dot Boarder )b
Example of diatomic is: .IX The simplest whole no. ratio of ion is .XXIV
c) H2O O3 )a called
d)CO2 HCl )b Emperical formula )a
%age by weight of hydrogen in ocean is: .X Molecular formula )b
c)12 11 )a Compound formula )c
d) 14 13 )b Formula unit )d
The valency of Fe in FeSO4 .XI How valency will cancel in formation of .XXV
c) +3 +2 )a formula
d) +5 +4 )b When both are different )a
Braches of chemistry: .XII When both are same )b
c)4 2 )a When both are same charge )c
d)8 6 )b When both are negative charged )d
Symbol is abbreviation of ___________ .XIII Gram Atomic formula is representation of .XXVI
language: _____________
PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 2
 CHEMISTRY

a) Atom Ans: Those compound which consist on

b) Molecule carbon and hydrogen is called hydrocarbons
c) Compound
d) Ion Example; CH4

SHORT QUESTIONS 7. Define Inorganic chemistry?

1. Define Science? Ans: Branch of chemistry which deals with

Ans: Science is the study in which observation
are made, experiments are done, and logical
conclusion are drawn in order to understand
the law of nature.
2. What is Chemistry?
Ans: The branch of science in which deals with
the composition, structure, properties and
reactions of matter is called Chemistry.
3. Name the braches of chemistry?
Ans: The braches of chemistry is given below
the study of all elements and their compound
except hydrocarbons.
Example: Cement, Sand etc.
Scope: its applications are very vast like in
cement ceramics and metallurgy industries
(extraction of metal).
8. Define Biochemistry?
Ans: Branch of chemistry which deals with
the study of structure, composition, and
chemical reaction of substance found in living
organisms

a) Physical b) Organic Example: Digestion

c) Inorganic d) Biochemistry Scope: how the fundamental biological change

occurs during the disease. It also used in food
e) Industrial f) nuclear science, medicine and agriculture.
g) Environmental h) Analytical 9. Define Industrial chemistry?
4. Define Physical Chemistry Ans: Branch of chemistry that deals with the
manufacturing of chemical compound on
Ans: Branch of Chemistry which deals with commercial scale is called industrial chemistry
relationship between composition and physical
properties of matter. Example: Soap , Fertilizers etc.
Example: behavior gases, structure of atom Scope it deals the manufacturing of basic
chemicals such as Oxygen, chlorine, Ammonia
Scope : the properties like structure of atom or nitric acid and sulphuric acid which are
formation of molecule effects of temperature provided to as raw material to other industries
effect
10. Define Nuclear chemistry?
5. Define Organic Chemistry
Ans: Branch of chemistry that deals with the
Ans: Branch of chemistry which deals with radioactivity, nuclear processes and properties
the study of covalently compound is called nuclear chemistry.
hydrocarbons and their derivatives.
Example: Concern with the Atomic energy
Example: CH4
Scope: It has vast applications in medical
Scope: Organic compound occur naturally and treatment, preservation of food and generation
also synthesize in laboratory. It covers of electrical power
petroleum, petrochemical and pharmaceutical
industries 11. Define Environmental chemistry?
6. Define Hydrocarbons?

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 3

 CHEMISTRY

Ans: Branch of chemistry in which we study Ans: The properties those are associated with
about component of the environment and the physical state of the substance are called
effects of human activities on the environment physical properties.

Example: Soil and water Example: Colour, smell, Shape, solubility

Scope: the knowledge of chemical processes 18. What are Chemical properties
taking place in environment is necessary for its
improvement and protect against pollution Ans: properties of matter that depends on
composition of the substance
12. Define Analytical chemistry?
Example: Reaction with other substances
Ans: Branch of chemistry that deals with
separation and analysis of sample to identify 19. Define Element?
its component.
Ans: it is a substance made up of same type of
Types: there are two types of Analytical atoms, having same atomic number and cannot
chemistry be decomposed into simple substance by
ordinary means.
Quantitative and Qualitative
Example: All elements in periodic table
Example: Component of Food
20. Give the %age of different element in
Scope: extraction of element percentage and natural occurrence?
mass of substance
Ans:
13. Define Matter
Earth’s crust Oceans Atmosphere
Ans: Anything which have mass and occupy
space is called matter. Oxygen 47% Oxygen 86% Nitrogen 78%
Silicon 28% Hydrogen 11% Oxygen 21%
Example: All things in the world Aluminium 7.8% Chlorine 1.8% Argon .9%

14. Define Substance?

21. What is symbol?
Ans: The pure form of matter is called
Substance Ans: Which is the abbreviation for the name
of the element?
Example: Elements
Example: H is stands for Hydrogen
15. Define Mixture?
22. Define valency?
Ans: The impure form of matter is called
Mixture. Ans: It is the combing capacity of an element
with other is called Valency.
Example: Solution of Sugar
Example: Oxygen has -2 Valency due to
16. What are types of mixture? gaining of two electron.
Ans: There are Two types of mixture is 23. What do meant by Compound?
Homogenous mixture and hetrogenous Ans: It is substance made up of two or more
mixture than two elements chemically combine with
fixed ratio by mass.
17. What are the Physical properties?
Example: H2O has ratio of 1:16 by mass

24. What do know about Mixture?

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 4

 CHEMISTRY

Ans: When two or more than Two or
compound mixing up physically without any
fixed ratio is called Mixture.
Example: Solution of NaCl
29. Define Empirical formula?
Ans: The simplest whole number ratio of
atoms present in a compound is called
empirical formula.

25. Difference b/w homogenous and Example: 1:2:1 ratio present in glucose
hetrogeneous mixture?
30. What do you know about Formula unit?

Ans: The simplest whole number ratio of ions,

as present in ionic compound

Example: NaCl , CaCO3 etc

Ans: 31. What is Molecular formula?

Homogenous Hetrogeneous Ans: That shows actual number of atoms of

each element present in a molecule of that
Mixture that have Mixture that have compound.
same type of Different type of
composition is called composition is called Example: C6H12O6 , C6H6
homogenous mixture Hetrogenous mixture
Air, Gasoline, Ice Soil, rocks and wood 32. What is molecular mass?
cream
Ans: The sum of atomic masses of all the
atoms present in am=ne molecule of a
molecular substance is called Molecular mass.
26. Define Atomic Number?
Example: Water has 18 amu of mass
Ans: the number of proton present in the
33. What is Formula mass?
nucleus of its atom is called Atomic number.
Ans: The sum of atomic masses of all the
Example: Oxygen has 8 atomic number
atoms present in one formula unit of a
Symbol: Z substance is called Formula mass.

27. What is mass number? Example: CaCO3 has 100 amu formula mass

Ans: The sum of number of proton and 34. Define Ion?

neutron present into the nucleus is called mass
Ans: Atom or group of atoms having a charge
number
on it by accepting or donating of electron is
Example: Oxygen has 16 mass in which 8 are called Ion.
proton and 8 are neutron.
Example: H H+ + 1e-
28. Define relative atomic mass?
35. What are the types of Ion?
Ans: the mass of an element is average mass
Ans: Ion has two types
of the atoms of that element as compared to
1/12 (one – twelfth) the mass of an atom Cation and Anion
carbon- 12.
36. Difference b/w Cation and Anion?
Mass of P = 1.0073 amu or 1.672×10-24g
Ans:
Mass Of n=1.0087 amu or 1.674×10-24g
Cation Anion
Mass of E=5.486×10-24 amu or 9.106×10-28g

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 5

 CHEMISTRY

An atom group of An atom group of independently and

atoms that has atoms that has shows all the
positive charge on it negative charge on it properties of the
is called cation is called anion compound.
H H+ + 1e- Cl +1e- Cl- It is always neutral. It can have –ve or +ve
charge
It is formed by the It is formed by the
combination of atoms ionization of a
37. Difference b/w Atom and Ion molecule.
It is a stable unit. It is reactive unit.

41. Difference b/w Ion and Free radical?

Ans:
Ans:
Ion Free Radical
Atom Ion These are the atoms These are the atoms
It is the smallest It is the smallest unit which bear same that have odd number
particle of an of an ionic charge of electron.
element compound They exist in solution They can exist in
It can or cannot exist It cannot exist or in crystal lattices solution as well as in
independently and independently and is air
tae part in chemical surrounded by Their formation is not They may form in the
reaction oppositely charged affected by the presence of light.
ions presence of light
It is electrically It has a net charge on
neutral. it.(either –ve or + ve)
42. What is gram atomic Mass?

Ans: The atomic mass of an element

38. Define mole?
expressed in grams is called gram atomic mass.
Ans: The amount of a substance that contain
Example: Mass of Hydrogen = 1.008g
6.02×1024 number of particles (atoms,
molecules or formula units). 43. What is gram molecular mass?
Example: NaCl = 58.5g =6.02×1024 = 1 mole Ans: The molecular mass of an element or a
compound expressed in gram is called gram
molecular mass.
39. Define Avogadro’s number?
Example: H2O has mass = 18.0g
Ans: Avogadro’s number is a collection of
44. What is Gram formula mass?
6.02×1023 particles.
Ans: The formula mass of an ionic compound
40. Difference b/w molecule and molecular
expressed in gram is called gram formula
Ion?
mass.
Ans:
Example: NaCl has mass = 58.5g
Molecule Molecular ion
It is the smallest It is formed by gain
particle of an element or loss electrons by a
Exercise Questions
or compound which molecule Short Questions:
can exist

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 6

 CHEMISTRY

i) Define industrial chemistry and Relation: Relative atomic mass related to gram
analytical chemistry? because 1 a.m.u carries 1.66×10-24grams.

Ans: vi) Define Emperical formula with an

example
Industrial Chemistry. The Branch of
chemistry which deals with manufacturing of Ans: The Whole no. ratio of elements present
chemical compound on commercial scale. in a substance is called empirical formula.

Example: manufacturing of soap Example:

ii) How can you differentiate between Benzene has empirical formula CH
organic and inorganic chemistry?
vii) Stae three reasons why do you think
Ans: air is a mixture and water a
compound?

Ans:
Organic chemistry Inorganic chemistry
Branch of chemistry Branch of chemistry Air contain gases Water is formed by
in which we study in which we study water vapors in air chemical reaction of
about hydrocarbons about every element mixture oxygen and Hydrogen
and their derivatives in universe except That’s way air is mixture and water is
Hydrocarbons compound
Ex. Medicine, Cement, ceramics,
petrol, e.t.c e.t.c viii) Explain why are hydrogen and oxygen
considered elements whereas water as
a compound?
iii) Give the scope of Biochemistry?
Ans:
Ans:
ix) What is the significance of the symbol
Scope: how the fundamental biological change of an element?
occurs during the disease. It also used in food
science, medicine and agriculture. Ans: The significance of symbol is

iv) How does homogeneous mixture differ  Easy to write in equation

from heterogeneous mixture?  Formation of formula is possible due
to symbol
Ans:  Symbol is abbreviation of element, in
Greek, Latin, and English Language.
Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture Heterogeneous mixture x) State the reason soft drink is a mixture
composed of same composed of different and water is a compound?
type of elements or type of elements or
molecules molecules Ans:
Ex. Air, ice cream Soil, rock and wood
Soft drink contains Water is formed by
gases, water, sugar chemical reaction of
v) What is the relative atomic mass? How and taste marker oxygen and Hydrogen
is it related to gram? compounds that’s why
soft drink is mixture.
Ans: The mass of an element is average mass
of the atoms of that element as compared to
1/12 (one – twelfth) the mass of an atom xi) Classify the following into element,
carbon- 12. compound or mixture:

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 7

 CHEMISTRY

Ans: 3) ‘’Atomos’’ mean is

a) Dividable c) Both
xii) Define atomic mass unit. Why is it b) Non- dividable d) None
needed? 4) Which scientists start experimental study
in chemistry?
Ans: a) Goldstein c) j.j Thomson
xiii) State the nature and name of the b) Rutherford d) All
substance formed by combining the 5) In which century scientist starts
following: experiments?
a) 19th c) 20th
Ans: b) 21st d) 18th
6) Who discover Positive charge
I) Zinic + Copper a) Goldstein c) J.J. Thomson
II) Water + sugar b) Williamson d) John Dalton
III) Aluminium + Sulphur 7) Goldstein discovers positive charge in …..
IV) Iron + Chromium + Nickel a) 1786 c) 1988
xiv) Differentiate between molecular mass b) 1886 d) 1986
and formula mas, which of the 8) Electron discover in
following have molecular formula? a) 1894 c) 1896
H2O, NaCl , KI, H2SO4 b) 1895 d) 1897
9) Electron discovered by
Ans: a) Goldstein c) J.J. Thomson
b) William Crocks d) John Dalton
xv) Dsa
10) Neutron discovered in
xvi) Sda
a) 1932 c) 1934
xvii) Ds
b) 1933 d) 1935
xviii) Sda
11) Neutron discovered by
xix) Sda
a) Rutherford c) Chadwick
xx) Sda
b) John Dalton d) None
xxi)
12) Thickness of gold foil was
a) 0.04cm c) 0.0004cm
b) 0.004cm d) 0.00004cm
13) Number of alpha particles which
bombarded on gold foil
a) 20 c) 2000
b) 200 d) 20,000
14) Bohr’s modal proposed in
a) 1911 c) 1913
b) 1912 d) 1914
15) Value of h is
a) 6.022×1024 c) 6.022×10-24
b) 6.63×1034 d) 6.63×10-34
16) No. of electron in S subshell
CHAPTER NO. # 02 a) 2 c) 8
b) 18 d)32
Structure of Atom 17) Number of electron in M shell
a) 2 c) 32
1) Who called named atom. b) 8 d) 18
18) Isotopes of chlorine are
a) Greeks c) Latin’s
b) Goldstein d) Democritus a) 2 c) 4
2) Atom is word of ……… language. b) 3 d) 5
19) 12C abundance in isotopes
a) Greek c) English
a) 98.9% c) Both
b) Latin d) All
b) 1.1% d) None

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 8

 CHEMISTRY

20) Which isotope is present in most the gas, shiny rays were emitted from the
abundance of Uranium? cathode which travels towards the anode.
a) U234 c)U235 These are the electrons
236
b) U d) U238
21) Which one is use in treatment of cancer. 6. Write the properties of Cathode rays?
a) Atoms c) Molecules
b) Compound d) Isotopes Ans: Properties of Cathode are
22) Which isotopes are used in treatment of  These rays travel in straight line
cancer perpendicular to the cathode surface.
a) P-32 c) Sr-90  They can cast a sharp shadow of an
b) Co-60 d) All opaque object if placed in their path.
23) How much neutron produce in fission of  They are deflected towards positive
uranium U235 plate in an electric field showing that
a) 1 c) 3 they are negatively charged.
b) 2 d) 4  They raise temperature of the body on
which they fall.
SHORT QUESTIONS  J.J. Thomson discovered their charge/
mass ratio (e/m).
1. What is Atom?  Light is produced when these rays hit
the walls of the discharge tube.
Ans: The smallest particle of matter which  It was found that samw type rays were
cannot be further subdivided is called Atom. emitted no matter which gas and which
cathode was used in the discharge tube.
Example: Atom of Carbon 7. Give an account on Goldstein’s work?
2. What is john Dalton theory? Ans: In 1886 Goldstein observed that in
Ans: According to john Dalton ‘’all matter is addition to cathode rays, other rays were also
made up of very small indivisible particles present in discharge tube. These rays were
called atoms’’ traveling in opposite to the cathode rays, he
used a discharge tube having perforated
3. Which scientists performed experiments cathode. He found that these rays passed
for discovery of atom and atom related through holes present in perforated cathode
structure? and produce glow on the wall of the discharge
tube Called protons and canal rays.
Ans: Names of scientist are
8. Is canal rays produced from anode or
 Goldstein cathode?
 J.J. Thomson
 Rutherford Ans: No canals rays are not produced from the
 Neil Bohr anode are cathode. They formed in the center
4. What is plum pudding theory? of the discharge tube.

Ans: Atoms are solid particles structure of
positively charge with tiny negative particles
stuck inside.
5. What do you know about discovery of
electron?
Ans: Sir William Crooks Performed
experiments in glass tube fitted with two
electrode, which were connected with battery.
The pressure inside the tube was 10-4 atm.
When high voltage current was passed through
9. Write the properties of canal rays?
Ans: properties of canal rays are:
 These rays travel in straight lines in a
direction opposite to the cathode rays.
 Their deflection in electric field and
magnetic field proved that they are
positively charge.
 The nature of canal rays depends on
the nature of the gas present in
discharge tube.

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 9

 CHEMISTRY

 These rays do not originate from the
anode, it originate in collsion of gas
molecules M + e-  M+ + 2e-
 Mass of these particles was found
equal to that of proton and mass of
proton is 1840 times more than of
electron.
10. Give the Chadwick Equation?
Ans: the Chadwick equation is
Be49  He24  C612  0 n1
11. Write the properties of neutron?
Ans: properties of neutron are:
 All particles lies into the nucleus
except electron.
15. What are the defects of Rutherford’s
modal?
Ans: Rutherford’s modal defects are:
1) According to classical theory of radiation
electrons being the charged particles
should release or emit energy continuously
and they should ultimately fall into the
nucleus.
2) If the electrons emit energy continuously,
they should form a continuous spectrum
but in fact, line spectrum was observed.
16. What is max Planck’s quantum theory?

 Neutrons carry no charge. Ans; According to Max Planck’s quantum

 They are highly penetrating. theory all shells has specified and fixed energy.
 Mass of neutron is equal to the proton.
12. What are the alpha particles? 17. What was the base of Bohr’s theory?

Ans: Alpha particles are actually helium Ans; The base of the Bohr’s theory was Max
nucleis (He+2) Planck’s theory.

13. Give Rutherford’s experiments? 18. Define Electronic configuration?

Ans: Rutherford performed an experiment on Ans; the distribution of electron around the
gold foil to understand that how negative and nucleus in shell and subshell according to their
positive charges coexist in an atom. He energy level is called electronic configuration.
bombarded 20,000 alpha particles on No. of electron in shell
Shell Subshell
0.00004cm thick gold foil. He observed that
the effects of alpha particles on photographic K S 2
plate or a screen coated with zinic sulphide. L S&p 8
He proved that plum pudding modal is wrong. M S, p& d 18
N S, p, d. & f 32
14. What results get Rutherford from his
experiments?
19. Difference b/w shell and Subshell?
Ans: results are:
Ans:
 Most of the volume of the atom is
empty because most of the particles Shell Subshell
passed through foil undeflectedly.
 The deflection of few particles proved
that ‘’ center of the atom is positively
charged’’ which is called as nucleus.
20. Give electronic configuration of first
 Complete bounce offew particles show
twenty elements.
that center is very hard and dense.
 Deflection of few particles shows that Ans:
size of nucleus is very smallas
compare to the total volume. Element Z E.C
 Electrons revolve around the nucleus. H 1 1s1
 An atom is always neutral as whole. He 2 1s2
Li 3 1s2,2s1

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 10

 CHEMISTRY

Be 4 1s2,2s2 Ans: equation about break up of uranium is

B 5 1s2,2s2,2p1
C 6 1s2,2s2,2p2 U  01n  139
235
92 56 Ba  36 Kr  3 0 n  energy
94 1

N 7 1s2,2s2,2p3
O 8 1s2,2s2,2p4 25. What do you know about uses of isotopes?
F 9 1s2,2s2,2p5
Ne 10 1s2,2s2,2p6 Ans: uses of isotopes are
Na 11 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s1  Isotopes use in radiotherapy.
Mg 12 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2  Isotopes use in diagnosis and
Al 13 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p1 medicine.
Si 14 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p2  Isotopes can use as archaeological and
P 15 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p3 geological.
S 16 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p4  Isotopes use for structure
Cl 17 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p5 determination.
Ar 18 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6  Isotopes used in power generation.
K 19 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s1
Ca 20 1s2,2s2,2p6,3s2,3p6,4s2
Exercise Questions
21. Define Isotopes with example? Short Questions.
Ans: Are define as the atom of an element 1) What is the nature of charge on cathode rays?
that have same atomic number but different
mass number. Ans: Charge on cathode rays is negative because
these rays actually are electron.
Example; Hydrogen has three isotopes.
2) Give five characteristics of cathode rays?
22. Name isotopes of hydrogen?
Ans; Characteristics of cathode rays are
Ans: Name of isotope of hydrogen is
 These rays travel in straight line
Protium 11H , deuterium 12 H , tritium 13 H perpendicular to the cathode surface.
 They can cast a sharp shadow of an
23. Draw the table of Isotopes opaque object if placed in their path.
 They are deflected towards positive
Ans: plate in an electric field showing that
they are negatively charged.
Symbol Z P N A  They raise temperature of the body on
1
H 1 1 0 1 which they fall.
2
H 1 1 1 2  J.J. Thomson discovered their charge/
3
H 1 1 2 3 mass ratio (e/m).
12
C 6 6 6 12 3) The atomic symbol of a phosphorus is given
13
C 6 6 7 13 as 1531P 3
14 a) How many protons, electrons and neutrons
C 6 6 8 14
35
Cl 17 17 18 35 are there in the ion?
37
Cl 17 17 20 37 Ans: No. of proton are 15, No. of electron18,
234
U 92 92 142 234 No. of neutron are 16.
235
U 92 92 143 235
238
U 92 92 146 238 b) What is name of ion?

Ans: Name of Ion is Phosphate

24. Write about break up of uranium?

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 11


c) Draw the electronic configuration of the
ion.
Ans; 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2
d) Name the noble gas which has the same
electronic configuration as the phosphorus
ion has
Ans: Ar is the noble gas which has electronic
configuration related to phosphorus.
4) Differentiate b/w shell and subshell with
example?
Ans:
Shell Subshell
5) An element has an atomic number 17. How
many electrons are present in K, L and M
shells of the atom?
Ans: If the atomic number is 17 the electron in K
are 2 in L shell are 8and in M shell are 7.
6) Write down the electronic configuration of
Al+3. How many electrons are present in its
outermost shell?
+3
Ans: Al has electronic configuration
2 2
1s . 2s , 2p 6 electrons being the charged particles
And it has 8 electrons in outermost shell
7) Magnesium has electronic configuration 2,8,2
a) How many electron in the outermost shell
b) In which subshell of the outer most shell
electrons are present?
c) Why magnesium tends to lose electrons?
Ans: a) 2 electron are present in outermost shell
b) s is the subshell in which outermost
electron are present
c) Magnesium has 2 electrons in outermost
and magnesium need 6 electrons to
complete octet and lose 2 electrons instead
of gaining of 6 electrons to get noble gas
configuration.
8) What will be the nature of charge on an atom
when it loses an electron or when it gains an
electron?
PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742
CHEMISTRY
Ans: when an atom loses an electron it gain
positive on it and when it gains an electron it gain
negative charge on it.
9) For what purpose U-235 is used?
Ans: U-235 is the isotope of uranium and it is
used in power generation.
U  01n  139
235
92 56 Ba  36 Kr  3 0 n  energy
94 1
10) A patient has goiter. How will it be detected?
Ans: Isotope of iodine I-131 is used to detect the
goiter in a patient.
11) Give three properties positive rays?
Ans: three properties positive rays are :
 These rays travel in straight lines in a
direction opposite to the cathode rays.
 Their deflection in electric field and
magnetic field proved that they are
positively charge.
 The nature of canal rays depends on
the nature of the gas present in
discharge tube.
12) What are the defects of Rutherford atomic
modal?
Ans: defects of Rutherford are:
1) According to classical theory of radiation
should release or emit energy continuously
and they should ultimately fall into the
nucleus.
2) If the electrons emit energy continuously,
they should form a continuous spectrum
but in fact, line spectrum was observed
13) As long as electron remains in an orbital it
does not emit or absorb energy. When does it
emit or absorb energy?
Ans: when an electron jump from lower orbit to
higher orbit it absorb the energy and when an
electron jump from higher to lower then an
electron emit energy.
CHAPTER NO.# 03
PERIODIC TABLE AND
PERIODICITY OF PROPERTIES
Page 12
 CHEMISTRY

PREPARED BY: SADIQ MUGHAL 0303-4383994, 0314-4052742 Page 13