Chapter 14 (Semiconductor Electronics - Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits) Unsolved

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CBSE 12th Physics

Chapter 14 (Semiconductor Electronics)
Important Unsolved Questions
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CBSE 12th Physics
Unsolved Important Questions
Chapter 14
1 Mark Questions:
Q.1. Give the logic symbol of NOR gate.
Q.2. What happens to the width of depletion layer of a p-n junction when it is (i)
forward biased, (ii) reverse biased?
Q.3. The graph shown in the figure represents a plot of current versus voltage for a
given semi-conductor. Identify the region, if any, over which the semiconductor has a
negative resistance.
Q.4. In a transistor, doping level in base is increased slightly. How will it affect (i)
collector current and (ii) base current?
Q.5. Name the junction diode whose I-V characteristics are drawn below:
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2 Mark Questions:
Q.6. (i) Identify the logic gates marked P and Q in the given logic circuit.
(ii) Write down the output at X for the inputs A=0, B=0 and A=1, B=1.
Q.7. Describe briefly with the help of a circuit diagram, how the flow of current carriers
in a p-n-p transistor is regulated with emitter-base junction forward biased and base-
collector junction revers biased.
Q.8. In the given block diagram of a receiver, identify the boxes labelled as X and Y and
write their function.
Q.9. Draw typical output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE configuration.

Show how these characteristics can be used to determine output resistance.
Q.10. In the circuit shown in the figure, identify the equivalent gate of the circuit and
make its truth table.
Q.11. Draw a circuit diagram of 𝒏 − 𝒑 − 𝒏 transistor

Q.12. (i) A transistor has a current gain of 30. If the collector resistance is 6k and input
resistance is 1k, calculate its voltage gain.
(ii) why is a semiconductor damaged by strong current?
Q.13. The given inputs A, B are to a 2-input NAND gate. Draw the output waveform
of the gate.
Q.14. Draw the circuit diagram of an illuminated photodiode in reverse bias. How is
photodiode used to measure light intensity?
Q.15. Draw the output waveform at X, using the given inputs A and B for the logic
circuit shown below. Also, identify the logic operation performed by this circuit.
Q.16. Name the semiconductor device that can be used to regulate an unregulated dc
power supply. With the help of I-V characteristics of this device, explain its working
principle.
Q.17. Draw the transfer characteristic curve of a base biased transistor in CE

configuration.
Explain clearly how the active region of the 𝑽𝟎 versus 𝑽𝟏 curve in a transistor is used as
an amplifier.
Q.18. The current in the forward bias is known to be more (~mA) than the current in
the reverse bias (~𝝁A). What is the reason, then, to operate the photodiode in reverse
bias?
Q.19. In the given circuit diagram, a voltmeter ‘V’ is connected across a lamp ‘L’. How
would (i) the brightness of the lamp and (ii) voltmeter reading ‘V’ be affected, if the
value of resistance ‘R’ is decreased? Justify your answer.

Q.20. Explain, with the help of a circuit diagram, the working of a photo-diode. Write
briefly how it is used to detect the optical signals.
Q.21. Mention the important considerations required while fabricating a p-n junction
diode to be used as a Light Emitting Diode (LED). What should be the order of band
gap of an LED if it is required to emit light in the visible range?
3 Mark Questions:
Q.22. Draw the labelled circuit diagram of a common-emitter transistor amplifier.
explain clearly how to input and output signals are in opposite phase.
Q.23. State briefly the underlying principle of a transistor oscillator. Draw a circuit
diagram showing how the feedback is accomplished by inductive coupling. Explain the
oscillator action.
Q.24. The inputs A and B are inverted by using two NOT gates and their output are fed
to the NOR gate as shown below.
Analysis the action of the gates (1) and (2) and identify the gate of the complete circuit
so obtained. Give its symbol and the truth table.

Q.25. Draw the output wave form (Y) of the.

(i) OR gate
(ii) NOR gate
(iii) AND gate
(iv) NAND gate
Q.26. Give a circuit diagram of a common emitter amplifier using an N-P-N transistor.
Draw the input and output waveforms of the signal. Write the expression for its voltage
gain.
Q.27. The figure below shows the V-I characteristic of a semiconductor diode.
(i) Identify the semiconductor diode used.
(ii) Draw the circuit diagram to obtain the given characteristic of this device.
(iii) Briefly explain how this diode can be used as a voltage regulator.
Q.28. You are given a circuit below. Write its truth table. Hence, identify the logic
operation carried out by this circuit. Draw the logic symbol of the gate it corresponds
to.

Q.29. Draw V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode. Answer the following questions
giving reasons -
(i) Why is the current under reverse bias almost independent of the applied potential up
to a critical voltage?
(ii) Why does reverse current show a sudden increase at the critical voltage? Name any
semiconductor device which operates under the reverse bias in the breakdown region.
Q.30. Write any two distinguishing features between conductors, semiconductors and
insulators on the basis of energy band diagram.
Q.31. (a) In the following diagram, is the junction diode forward biased or reverse
biased?
(b) Draw the circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier and state how it works.
Q.32. (a) Write the functions of the three segments of a transistor.

(b) The figure shows the input waveforms A and B for 'AND' gate. Draw the output
waveform and write the truth table for this logic gate.
Q.33. Draw a circuit diagram of L.E.D what are its advantages?
Q.34. Output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE configuration is shown in the

figure.
Determine:
(a) Dynamic output resistance
(b) DC current gain and
(c) AC current gain at an operating point 𝑽𝑪𝑬 = 𝟏𝟎 𝑽, when 𝑰𝑩 =30 µ A.

Q.35. Write the two processes that take place in the formation of a p-n junction. Explain
with the help of a diagram, the formation of depletion region and barrier potential in a
p-n junction.
Q.36. For a CE-transistor amplifier, the audio signal voltage across the collector
resistance of 2 kΩ is 2 V. Given the current amplification factor of the transistor is 100,
find the input signal voltage and base current, if the base resistance is 1 kΩ.
Q.37. (a) A student wants to use two p-n junction diodes to convert alternating current
into direct current. Draw the labelled circuit diagram she would use and explain how it
works.
(b) Give the truth table and circuit symbol for NAND gate.
Q.38.Draw the typical input and output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE

configuration. Show how these characteristics can be used to determine (a) the input
resistance 𝒓𝒊 , and (b) current amplification factor (β).
5 Marks Questions:
Q.39. (a) Draw the circuit arrangement for studying the input and output
characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE configuration, with the help of these
characteristics define (i) input resistance. (ii) current amplification factor.
(b) Describe briefly with the help of a circuit diagram how n-p-n transistor is used to
produce self-sustained oscillations.

Q.40. (a) Differentiate between three segments of a transistor on the basis of their size
and level of doping.
(b) How is a transistor biased to be in active state?
(c) With the help of necessary circuit diagram, describe briefly how n-p-n transistor in
CE configuration amplifies a small sinusoidal input voltage. Write the expression for
the ac current gain.
Q.41. (a) Explain briefly the principal on which a transistor-amplifier works as an

oscillator. Draw the necessary circuit diagram and explain its working.
(b) Identify the equivalent gate for the following circuit and write its truth table.
Q.42. (a) Explain the formation of depletion layer and potential barrier in a p-n
junction.
(b) In the figure given below the input waveform is converted into the output waveform
by a device ‘X’. Name the device and draw its circuit diagram.
(c). Identify the logic gate represented by the circuit as shown and write its truth table.
Q.43. (a) With the help of the circuit diagram explain the working principle of a
transistor amplifier as an oscillator.
(b) Distinguish between a conductor, a semiconductor and an insulator on the basis of
energy band diagrams
Q.44. Draw a simple circuit of a CE transistor amplifier Explain it’s working. Show that
𝜷𝒂𝒄 𝑹𝑳
the voltage gain, 𝑨𝑽 , of amplifier is given by 𝑨𝑽 = − where 𝜷𝒂𝒄 is the current gain,
𝒓𝒊
𝑹𝑳 is the load resistance and 𝒓𝒊 is the input resistance of the transistor. What is the
significance of the negative sign in the expression for the voltage gain?

Q.45. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of a full rectifier using p-n junction diode. Explain
its working and show the output, input waveforms.
(b) Show the output waveforms (Y) for the following inputs A and B of (i) OR gate (ii)
NAND gate
Q.46. (a) Differentiate between three segments of a transistor on the basis of their size
and level of doping.
(b) How is a transistor biased to be in active state?
(c) With the help of necessary circuit diagram, describe briefly how n-p-n transistor in
CE configuration amplifies a small sinusoidal input voltage. Write the expression for
the ac current gain.
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Perfect solution to all problems

Tips, Tricks, General Knowledge, Current Affairs, Latest Sample,

CBSE 12th Physics

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Q.9. Draw typical output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE configuration.

Q.11. Draw a circuit diagram of 𝒏 − 𝒑 − 𝒏 transistor

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Q.17. Draw the transfer characteristic curve of a base biased transistor in CE

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Q.25. Draw the output wave form (Y) of the.

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Q.32. (a) Write the functions of the three segments of a transistor.

Q.33. Draw a circuit diagram of L.E.D what are its advantages?

Q.34. Output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE configuration is shown in the

(c) AC current gain at an operating point 𝑽𝑪𝑬 = 𝟏𝟎 𝑽, when 𝑰𝑩 =30 µ A.

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Q.38.Draw the typical input and output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE

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Q.41. (a) Explain briefly the principal on which a transistor-amplifier works as an

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(b) How is a transistor biased to be in active state?

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