The Writing Process: A Guide to Drafting and Revising

ISLA
DE LEÓN SE CURSO 2014/2015

2nd Bach. D Writing Workshop
Writing Workshop:
1. The writing process:

1.1 BRAINSTORM FOR IDEAS:
-‐Write down all the ideas you can think of.
-‐Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.
-‐Sometimes you can write in your own language.

1.2 ORGANISE YOUR IDEAS:
-‐ Decide which ideas to keep and cross out the others.
-‐ Group similar ideas together.
-‐ Put the groups in order according to a writing plan.
1.3 LANGUAGE:
-‐ Think of words and expressions you will need in your work.
1.4 WRITE A DRAFT:
-‐ The following tips could be useful: write in pencil, leave margins for notes, leave
space between lines for notes.
-‐ Write quickly. Do not pay attention to grammar, vocabulary or spelling.
-‐ Look in a dictionary for corrections.

Mª Angustias Pérez

ISLA DE LEÓN SE CURSO 2014/2015
1.5 CHECK:
-‐ Use a checklist to be sure of your work. (You will have an example with the next
topic).
1.6 WRITE A FINAL COPY:
-‐ Once you have checked, copy it onto a clean sheet of paper. Write in pen or use
a computer.
-‐ Don’t forget any correction.
-‐ Check that the text is properly framed.

Writing Workshop 2:
CHECKLIST:
TOPIC:
o A suitable opening sentence.
o Clear ideas.
o Details and examples to explain the ideas.
o A suitable closing sentence.
USE OF ENGLISH:
o Pronouns.
o Connectors.
o Grammar.
o Spelling.
o Word order.
STRUCTURE:
o Correct type of writing.
o Introduction, Body, Conclusion.
o Paragraphing.
o Margins.



Writing Workshop 3:
WORD ORDER
It is very important in English. The BASIC SENTENCE PATTERN is:
SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + COMPLEMENTS
I played tennis in the park yesterday
BUT you need to note the following:
1. Sentences with two objects (direct and indirect). Two possibilities:

They gave me the keys or They gave the keys TO me
2. Time expressions, at the beginning or at the end:
On Sundays he goes to the cinema or
He goes to the cinema on Sundays
3. The objects are always after the verbs:
I like swimming in summer <
I like in summer swimming =
4. Adverbs of manner never between the verb and the object:
I read the newspaper quickly yesterday. <
I read quickly the newspaper yesterday. =
5. Adverbs of frequency at the beginning of the sentence or BEFORE
the main verb.
Usually, she walks in the park. <
She usually walks in the park. <

6. ALWAYS and NEVER, no at the beginning:

Always they stay at home. =
They always stay at home. <
7. Adverbs of frequency after BE:
We are seldom angry. <
We seldom are angry. =
Writing Workshop 4:
COORDINATION:
1. Subjects have to coordinate with verbs:
My sister works a lot (singular) / My sisters work a lot (plural)
My sister doesn’t work a lot (s.) / My sisters don’t work a lot (pl)
2. Nouns referring to groups (team, family…) can have either singular
or plural verbs.
His family lives / live near Brighton.
3. Nouns referring to amounts and quantities have singular verbs.
Two million euros was given to the winner.
4. Indefinite pronouns (anybody, everybody…) have the verbs in

singular.
Nobody is paying attention to the speaker.
5. Uncountable nouns have singular verbs.
Writing Workshop 5:
Using adjectives and adverbs:
Adjectives:
1. Adjectives come before nouns or pronouns.
A blue sea / a red one


2. Adjectives come after the verb to Be and certain verbs.
She is clever / I feel happy
3. Adjectives are the same for singular and plural.
A great team / great teams The boy is noisy / The boys are noisy
4. Adjectives:
a) Describe other words; a wonderful dinner
b) Show possession; my house and your car
c) Show quantity; few girls and little money
d) Show which one; this book and that pen
5. Adjectives follow a certain order:
1 3 2 6 4 7 8 9 5
General Specific Size Shape Age Condition Colour Nationality Material
opinión opinión
lovely, nice, small, round, old, broken, green, French, plastic
A… …ball
Adverbs:
1. When adverbs modify verbs they come:

a) Before the subject: Quickly she walked to the park.
b) After the subject: She quickly walked to the park.
c) At the end of the sentence: She walked to the park quickly.
2. When adverbs modify adjectives or other adverbs they come before
them.
They look really smart today. / She walked to the park very quickly.
3. When adverbs modify a whole sentence they come before it.
Unfortunately, she walked to the park very quickly.
4. Adverbs answer the questions:
When?, Where?, How long?, How?, How much?...


Writing Workshop 6:
JOINING IDEAS:
There are some useful words and expressions to connect ideas and
improve our style of writing. They also help us to organize our writing.
My new house needs to be repainted and new furniture and it needs a new
distribution.=
My new house needs to be repainted, new furniture and a new

distribution.<
They are used for different purposes in the discourse:
To show a sequence:
You need time order words and expressions;

First….next……then…..soon…..later…..after that…….finally.
To give examples:
For example, for instance, like, such as.
To express personal opinion:
In my opinion…, I think that…, personally…..
To conclude:
In conclusion…, in short…
To add more information:
In addition…, and…., besides…
To express a contrast:
But…, in spite of…, however…
Writing Workshop 7:
JOINING IDEAS 2:
To combine similar information:

Both … and
She had invited both her brother and her boyfriend.
To describe two or more possibilities:
Either … or
They are offering either tea, chocolate or coffee.
To join two negative ideas:
Neither … nor
Neither Anne nor Julia have met that man before.
To show that of two ideas, the second is more important:
Not only … but also
Eating fresh fruit is not only healthy but also wise.
Writing Workshop 8:
HOW TO ORGANIZE A PARAGRAPH.-‐
A paragraph consists of several related sentences developing a main idea

or topic. It should have the following parts:
An introduction: or topic sentence that gives the main idea.
Drinking too much alcoholic beverages is dangerous.
A body: or supporting sentences of the topic adding reasons, examples,

contrasts etc.
Alcoholic drinks cause liver diseases and heart problems. An 80% of the
heavy drinkers suffer from acute cirrhosis.
A conclusion: summarizing and often paraphrasing the main idea.
You are risking your health when drinking strong alcoholic beverages.


Writing Workshop 9:
INFORMAL CORRESPONDENCE.-‐
It could be a letter, a postcard or an e-‐mail. The language used is usually
informal. Nevertheless it should have the following parts:
1. Greeting. Addressing, using words like: Dear…; Hi…;

2. Opening remarks. Introducing yourself or the reason for the
writing: How are you?; I’m writing to tell you…;My name is….;Sorry I
haven’t written before but…
3. Body. Giving the main information: I need a favour…; I’ve been
visiting…; We are having a party….
4. Closing remarks. Asking for an answer, giving good wishes: Please,
write back and tell me about yourself…; Write soon; Looking
forward…
5. Goodbye and Signature. Signing off: Love; Yours; See you.
Writing Workshop 10:
FORMAL CORRESPONDENCE

The Writing Process: A Guide to Drafting and Revising

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

The Writing Process: A Guide to Drafting and Revising

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

ISLA

DE LEÓN SE CURSO 2014/2015

1. The writing process:

Writing Workshop 3:

SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT + COMPLEMENTS

I played tennis in the park yesterday

BUT you need to note the following:

1. Sentences with two objects (direct and indirect). Two possibilities:

6. ALWAYS and NEVER, no at the beginning:

Writing Workshop 4:

1. Subjects have to coordinate with verbs:

My sister works a lot (singular) / My sisters work a lot (plural)

His family lives / live near Brighton.

3. Nouns referring to amounts and quantities have singular verbs.

Two million euros was given to the winner.

4. Indefinite pronouns (anybody, everybody…) have the verbs in

Nobody is paying attention to the speaker.

5. Uncountable nouns have singular verbs.

Writing Workshop 5:

Using adjectives and adverbs:

1. Adjectives come before nouns or pronouns.

A blue sea / a red one

She is clever / I feel happy

3. Adjectives are the same for singular and plural.

1. When adverbs modify verbs they come:

3. When adverbs modify a whole sentence they come before it.

Unfortunately, she walked to the park very quickly.

4. Adverbs answer the questions:

When?, Where?, How long?, How?, How much?...

Writing Workshop 6:

My new house needs to be repainted, new furniture and a new

They are used for different purposes in the discourse:

You need time order words and expressions;

For example, for instance, like, such as.

To express personal opinion:

In my opinion…, I think that…, personally…..

In conclusion…, in short…

To add more information:

In addition…, and…., besides…

But…, in spite of…, however…

Writing Workshop 7:

JOINING IDEAS 2:

To combine similar information:

She had invited both her brother and her boyfriend.

To describe two or more possibilities:

They are offering either tea, chocolate or coffee.

To join two negative ideas:

Neither Anne nor Julia have met that man before.

Not only … but also

Writing Workshop 8:

HOW TO ORGANIZE A PARAGRAPH.-­‐

A paragraph consists of several related sentences developing a main idea

An introduction: or topic sentence that gives the main idea.

Drinking too much alcoholic beverages is dangerous.

A body: or supporting sentences of the topic adding reasons, examples,

A conclusion: summarizing and often paraphrasing the main idea.

Writing Workshop 9:

1. Greeting. Addressing, using words like: Dear…; Hi…;

Writing Workshop 10:

S-ar putea să vă placă și

HOW TO ORGANIZE A PARAGRAPH.-‐