BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE

If we sleep on flowers, it’s called our First

Night. If flowers sleep on us, it’s called our
Last Night.

ALDOVINO, Hansley

BATAYOLA, Kate Sean Lois

CUEVAS, Lizelle

EUD, Rizza

GABIA, Justine Joyce

JUMAQUIO, Shaina Milen

MENDOZA, Maegan

RODIL, Via Nicole

INTRODUCTION
Everyone loves flowers. Their beauty and fragrance have earned them an important part in our
lives. Without flowers we could not survive: they play a vital role in plant reproduction and we
depend on flowers to ensure that we can continue to gather the majority of our food needs (bread,
rice, vegetables and fruit) and many other useful materials.

Flower, the reproductive portion of any plant in the division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae -
evolutionarily highest group of plants), a group commonly called flowering plants or
angiosperms. It is the reproductive part of a plant that produces seeds.
Flowers, also known as a bloom or blossom, are the reproductive part of a specific group of
plants. Flowers are such an important aspect of plant life that those with them are called floral
plants. Flowers have been symbols of beauty in most civilizations of the world.

GENERAL INFORMATION
• Some plants produce toxic substances that kill other plants around them-the
sunflower is an example.
• Carnivorous plants are flowering plants that eat bugs and small animals! For
example, the Venus fly trap has leaves covered by little hairs. When a bug lands on the
hairs, the trap snaps shut and digestive juices digest the bug. Other carnivorous plants
such as pitcher plants have leaves that form pitchers that are full of digestive fluids.
Insects, frogs, and other small creatures are attracted to the nectar and bright colors on the
pitchers and flowers. Some unfortunate critters fall in, drown, and are digested.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT GUMAMELA

Gumamela as Herbal Medicine

As herbal medicine, gumamela flower, leaves and roots are used. Gumamela has the following
medicinal characteristics: expectorant, diuretic, emollient, anti-infectious, anti-inflammatory,
antipyretic, anodyne and refrigerant.

FUNCTION
Each flower produces pollen, which is released through another part of the stamen. Some
flowers produce pollen that is carried by the wind to other flowers so that fertilization takes
place. Many flowers require a pollinator to carry the pollen. Common pollinators include
hummingbirds, bees, wasps, ants, flies and beetles. In some parts of the world, small mammals
and lizards also function as pollinators. As the seed develops, the ovary grows into a fruit and the
flower withers.

This leads us to the next important function of a flower; the creation of seeds and fruit.
After the ovules are pollinated, they develop inside the flower into seeds. As seeds are essential
for the survival of plants to they create new ones, the creation of fruit is also necessary.The
flower will often fall away as the fruit develops. This helps us to understand the main function of
the flower. If the flower falls away as the fruit develops, then its main function is now gone.
However, without it the fruit would never have existed in the first place.

So, the main function of the flower is all to do with reproduction. If they didn't attract
pollinators, they wouldn't be able to reproduce. If they didn't reproduce, we as a species would
have died out a long time ago. The function of flowers is to create life. Without them, we
wouldn't have any.
 ANATOMY (GUMAMELA)
Corolla- is the colorful section that attracts
animals and insects. The corolla has two
different parts, the petals and the corolla lobes.
This attraction helps ensure the pollination of
the flower.
Calyx – made up of sepals that protect the bud
in infancy and form the base of the flower.
Stamen – that make up the male reproductive
parts – in turn made up of the filament that
holds up the pollen sac or anther. The
gumamela's stamen tube is attached to the
anthers and creates a long, thin tube called the
stamina column. Gumamelas are the only
flower with a stamina column.
Anther- it releases pollen when open. The
male part of the flower, and are connected to the
pollen sac of the flower. They protrude from the
flower and have fuzzy tips. While most flowers
only have four or five anthers, the gumamela
has dozens of them.
Pistil – The female reproductive parts of a flower. These are also made up of three components
Ovary – that finally forms the seed after fertilization. The ovary is a superior ovary. This means
the petals are under the ovary instead of them all being encompasses by the stamen.
Style – a stalk above the ovary. The section that the pollen travels down to the ovary. It branches
out into the stamina and each branch attaches to the stamens. This is where the flower is
fertilized.
Stigma – the farthest extend of the female part of the flower which receives the pollen for
fertilization. They contain flower ovules, where the pollen lands. The fertilized ovules will turn
into seeds later in the growth process. It is where pollen is collected and it at the top of the pistil.

References:
https://www.britannica.com/science/flower
https://www.teleflora.com/floral-facts/flower-botany
https://www.encyclopedia.com/plants-and-animals/botany/botany-general/flower
https://education.onehowto.com/article/what-is-the-main-function-of-flowers-9845.html
http://www.houseplantsguru.com/the-function-of-flowers
https://www.reference.com/science/function-flower-7318f360896ebbee