Define what is strategy =

“Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long term: which achieves advantage for
the organisation through its configuration of resources within a changing environment, to meet the needs
of markets and to fulfil stakeholder expectations.”
explain the characteristics of strategic decisions =

Longterminnature

Over all trust is to achieve competitive advantage

Matching core activities to the environment

Building/stretching corecompetencies/activitiestocapturenewopportunities

Resourceissues

Impactonoperationalmatters

Involveschange

define and explain the information systems triangle.=

The Information Systems Strategy Triangle is a simple framework for understanding the impact of IS on
organizations and proper alignment.

SESSION 2
- alignment between decisions of business strategy.

-Identify and define various business strategy frameworks.

SESSION 3
Explain Dynamic Capabilities theoretical perspectives and understand their application in the context of e-
business.
Critically assess the value adding characteristics of using the internet and in general IT for e-business.
S4
Define Explain the data transformation basics and the difference between IS and IT.
Information systems include: hardware, software, data processes, and people.
•Information Technology includes only the hardware and software components.
•The role of an information system is to process data into information using information technology,
business processes, and people resources.
Outline the role of IS within an organization. Demonstrate the impact of IT on the business.
Organizations typically operate by functional areas or functional silos
•Functional areas are interdependent
•IT plays a critical role in deploying enterprise-wide initiatives to achieve business goal
Functional Areas of the Business:
Sales and Marketing Systems
•Manufacturing and production Systems
•Finance and Accounting Systems
•Human Resource Systems
Determine the role of general managers that must take in IS decisions
Allows the manager to concentrate on the work that must be done to ensure optimal creation of value.
–Avoid or reduce duplicate work, facilitate cross-functional communication, optimize business processes,
and best serve the customers and stakeholders.

S5
Explain why change is inevitable.
To become more competitive
1.Provide low cost product or service.
2.Provide products that have unique features in comparison to competitors
3.Focus on a market segment and provide better service (specialisation)
e-Business enables organisations to cut on costs. Therefore, organisations that adopt this technology have
competitive advantage from those who do not.
Bridge the performance gap between own and competitors processes
Introduce Business Process Management (BPM) and discuss its relationship with Business Process Re-
engineering (BPR).
Re-engineering is when a business essentially dismantles existing processes into individual activities and
puts them back together in a new set of business flows or sets of business flows.
BPM employs methods, policies, metrics, management practices and software tools to continuously
optimize the organization processes to improve business performance against goals and objectives

Understand why ERP systems are implemented using BPR and best practices.
Monitor and Measure
Analysis: What, How, Why
–Automatically monitor performance indicators
–Uncover actual process behavior patterns and compare to target patterns
–Determine root cause for anomalies in behavior
Modeling
–What are the new business needs?
–Can manual steps be automated?
–Is the new model documented and broadly available?
Simulation
–Automatically capture time steps in simulated process
–Project performance against targets
–Discovery of “best“ processes for safeguarding organizational changes

S6
Understand what is a technology roadmap and why this is needed.
A technology roadmap is the collective vision of the opportunities for technology to serve the business.
A technology roadmap is a mechanism for the identification, justification, planned evolution and
orchestration of technologies to enhance business performance.
It is through the articulation of a technology roadmap that you learn what you did well, where you failed,
and how to improve the process.
Outline the benefits in contracting and maintaining a technology roadmap.
Achieves business goals by identifying the gap between the business plan and the current technological
environment.
Reduces complexity by reducing the number and variety of technological choices.
Enhances interoperability of business functionality across lines of business.
Increases flexibility
Increases speed of implementation through common standards, methodologies and technology platforms.
Preserves investments in new and existing systems by basing them on long-term considerations.
Responds to market changes by building from an established framework.
Focuses IT investment dollars
Simplifies the response to new legislation
Reduces difficulties associated with deployment of new technologies by utilizing fewer technologies,
common platforms, and similar development approaches
S7
Understand how IT has changed the nature of work.

Outline the technologies that are used to support communication and collaboration.

Define virtual organizations and describe how they work.

Virtual Teams
Two or more people who:
1.Work together interdependently with mutual accountability for achieving common goals.
2.Do not work in the same place and/or at the same time.
3.Use electronic communication technology to communicate, coordinate their activities, and complete
their team’s tasks.
oVirtual team members may be in different locations, organizations, time zones, or time shifts.
oVirtual teams are thought to have a life cycle.

SESSION 8
Understand innovation and describe the types and forms of innovation.
"Innovation is the specific function of entrepreneurship, whether in an existing business, a public service
institution, or a new venture started by a lone individual in the family kitchen. It is the means by which the
entrepreneur either creates new wealth-producing resources or endows existing resources with enhanced
potential for creating wealth.”
TYPES
Sustaining Innovation –improves a product or service for existing customers.
•Disruptive Innovation –targets noncustomers and delivers a product or service that differs from the
current product portfolio. It must create and capture new value.
FORMS
Continuous Change –Frequent, relentless and endemic to the firm.
•Punctuated Equilibrium –assumes long periods of incremental change, interrupted by brief periods of
radical change.
Outline the value that can be delivered by innovation and what is essential for the successful delivery of
innovation.
The Value of Innovation
Communication of value is essential to ensuring innovation is sustainable. From this perspective, value has
two components:
1.Is it desirable?
2.Does it build our innovative capabilities?
Innovation Essentials
•Motivate:Establish rewards for innovation.
•Support: Create infrastructure to sustain innovation.
•Direct:Manage innovation strategically.

SESSION 09
Understand Business Intelligence (BI).
A set of information manipulation practices, such as query mining, reporting, and interactivity that is linked
to, but it is separate from information management practices (including master data management,
information architecture data, data quality, data integration).
Demonstrate why BI is needed and its role to organizations.
Better decisions with greater speed and confidence
•Recognize and maximize firm’s strengths
•Shorten marketing efforts
•Improve customer relationships
•Align effort with firm strategy
•Improve revenue and profit

Outline the challenges that BI needs to overcome to be implemented successfully and describe ways that
can improve BI.
challenges
 Perspective
 Lack of business knowledge
 Lack of sponsorship
 Silo thinking
 Lack of BI skills
improve BI
 Learn from the past
 Have a strategy for continuous improvement
 Focus
 Cross-functional governance
 Acquire new IT and analytics skills

SESSIONS 10 & 11
Explain the Information Management (IM) drivers and how IM can create business value. Discuss
Knowledge Management (KM).
Information Management Drivers
1.Compliance
2.Operational effectiveness and efficiency
3.Strategy
IM Value Proposition Should Address:
Strategic
Tactical
Operational
Information Value is difficult to quantify.
It takes time for an IM Investment to pay off.
IM Value is a subjective assessment.
Knowledge is a fluid mix of framed experience, values, contextual information, and expert insight that
provides a framework for evaluating and incorporating new experiences and information. It originates and
is applied in the minds of knowers

What is Big Data (BD) and explain some types of BD; How it can deliver business value.
Some Types of Social Media Data
•Wikis
•Blogs
•Videos
•3D user interface / visualization
•Presence awareness
•Instant messaging, Twitter
•Social networking communities (e.g., Facebook, LinkedIn)

Delivering Business Value with Big Data A Business Strategy for Data
•What are the biggest drivers of our profits?
•How can we increase customer loyalty?
•Do we have information that is easy to use and useful?
Dashboards, visualization, trend analysis and simulations and traditional reports are technologies to make
information more understandable and actionable.
Determine what data to collect and how to get it:
•Transition from siloeddata to integrated data.
•Organize data and capture context and meaning.
Data Have four dimensions
•Unstructured
•Structured
•Internal
•External

SESSION 12
Describe the principal e-commerce business and revenue models.
Explain how e-commerce has transformed marketing and has affected business-to-business transactions.
Internet marketing (vs. traditional)
–More personalized
–More participatory
–More peer-to-peer
–More communal
•The most effective Internet marketing has all four features