Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman

Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering & Science

Bachelor of Science (Hons) Quantity Surveying
UEBQ 3443 Construction Management
Lecturer: Mr. Ananthan Valitherm

Name Student ID Year/Trimester Tutorial Group

Chong Yun Ting 15UEB02535 Y2S3 T4

Khoo Ming Chi 15UEB04812 Y2S3 T4

Khor Sin Huai 15UEB03905 Y2S3 T4

Lee Yi Jie 15UEB03309 Y2S3 T5

Ong Sze Ching 15UEB05059 Y2S3 T4

Soh Yu Xuan 15UEB01833 Y2S3 T5

Tan Jia Yi 15UEB02815 Y2S3 T4

Teng Yew Sing 15UEB02891 Y2S3 T4

Yoon Kok Ho 15UEB05379 Y2S2 T4

Table on Work Breakdown

Name Task Completed Signature

Chong Yun Ting Material Management

Khoo Ming Chi Labour management

Plant & Equipment management

Khor Sin Huai Quality Management

Lee Yi Jie SWOT Analysis

Organisation Chart

Ong Sze Ching Site Layout

Soh Yu Xuan Introduction

Safety and Health

Tan Jia Yi SWOT Analysis

Conclusion

Teng Yew Sing Contractual Method

Yoon Kok Ho Planning Techniques and Tools

Group Meeting Attendance
1st Group Meeting
Date : 2nd February 2018 (Friday)
Time Start : 12:30 pm
Time End : 1:30 pm
Venue : KB 213
Activity : Group forming
Attendance : All attended

2nd Group Meeting

Date : 9th February 2018 (Friday)
Time Start : 12:30 pm
Time End : 1:20 pm
Venue : KB 213
Activity : (A) Distribution of works.
(B) Discussion on the contents for each part should be included.
Attendance : All attended

3rd Group Meeting

Date : 22nd March 2018 (Thursday)
Time Start : 4:45 pm
Time End : 5:30 pm
Venue : KB 110
Activity : (A) Arrangement of time and date for site visit and interview at
Skyworld Gallery, Setapak.
(B) Create a Google Form to gather questions and information needed
for interview.
Attendance : All attended
4th Group Meeting
Date : 2nd March 2018 (Friday)
Time Start : 1:00 pm
Time End : 4.30 pm
Venue : Skyworld Gallery, Setapak
Activity : (A) Interview with Mr. Chen, Assistant Project Manager.
(B) Gather all the information we obtained from the interview and
start to work on own part as distributed before.
(C) All member agreed to complete works before Monday, 12nd
March except Lee Yi Jie and Tan Jia Yi who are doing SWOT
Analysis.
Attendance : All attended
Contents
List of Figures 1
Acknowledgement 3
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Project Site 4
1.2 Site Management 5
1.3 Site Organisation 6
2.0 Contractual Method 8
3.0 Site Layout 9
4.0 Labour Management 17
5.0 Material Management 21
6.0 Plant and Equipment Management 24
7.0 Planning Techniques and Tools 27
8.0 Safety and Health 29
9.0 Quality Management
9.1 Inspection of Work 35
9.2 Materials 36
9.2.1 Cement, Sand, Aggregate (Concreting) 36
9.2.2 Timber & Plywood 37
9.2.3 Rebar 38
9.3 Labour & Workmanship 39

10.0 SWOT Analysis 40

11.0 Conclusion 42
12.0 Appendixes 43
List of Figures Pages
Figure 1: Site Organization Chart 7
Figure 2: Labour Accommodation (1st floor) 10
Figure 3: Labour Accommodation (Basement) 10
Figure 4: Subcontractor’s Office 10
Figure 5: Meeting Room 10
Figure 6: Guardhouse 11
Figure 7: Blocked road for unloading 11
Figure 8: Drainage System (Fabrication area) 12
Figure 9: Drainage System (Access gate) 12
Figure 10: Safety Signage 12
Figure 11: Health and Safety Notice Board 12
Figure 12: Pedestrian Route 13
Figure 13: Fire Escape Route 13
Figure 14: Safety Hoarding 13
Figure 15: Site Layout Plan 1 14
Figure 16: Site Layout Plan 3 15
Figure 17: Site Layout Plan 3 16
Figure 18: Thumb print electronic devices to record attendance 17
Figure 19: Labours ‘cabins 18
Figure 20: Temporary plywood cabins 18
Figure 21: Temporary plywood cabins 18
Figure 22: Benches and tables for rest 19
Figure 23: Kitchen for labour to cook 19
Figure 24: The canteen 19
Figure 25: Neighbour residential 20
Figure 26: Toilets 20
Figure 27: Route of Transportation 21
Figure 28: Driveway of Transportation 22
Figure 29: Material was stacked and wrapped 22

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Figure 30: Disposal of Waste Material 24
Figure 31: Placement of Sand 24
Figure 32: Mobile Crane 25
Figure 33: Tower Crane 25
Figure 34: Sample Method Statement of the Project 28
Figure 35: Safety Signage 30
Figure 36: Security Booth 30
Figure 37: Fingerprint Sensor 31
Figure 38: Covered Walkway 31
Figure 39: Separated Kitchen for worker 31
Figure 40: Temporary construction lift 32
Figure 41: Storeroom for every subcontractor 33
Figure 42: Cement bag are stack on the pallet and placed at the cover
place 33
Figure 43: Scaffolding is collected and counted after used to prevent losses
34
Figure 44: Material Storage Management 36
Figure 45: Bags of cement are stored and avoid from weather exposure 36
Figure 46: Sand that will be used soon is put under the building as well 37
Figure 47: One of the cube test report that is approved in this project 37
Figure 48: Plywood is stacked to prevent the contact of plywood with ground
moisture 38
Figure 49: Mild certificate for the steel bar produced to be used in the project 38

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Acknowledgement
First of all, we would like to thanks to Mr. Ananthan a/l Valitherm, our
lecturer for the subject UEBQ3443 Construction Management for providing us this
opportunity to complete this assignment which not only required us to fully
understand the construction process, but also let us know how the theoretical
knowledge been applied into the real industry by interviewing the personnel in charge
of the site and visiting the site. Mr. Ananthan also played the role as our supervisor for
this written assignment and has given appropriate instruction and guidance to us while
we were doing the assignment.

Besides, we would also like to express our deepest gratitude to the assistant
project manager of the Skyworld Development Sdn. Bhd., Mr. Chen See Leong for
supporting us by giving us an opportunity to visit the site during the working hour and
his willingness to solve our problems very patiently during the interview session.
Moreover, we also appreciate his willingness to assist us in doing the assignment and
provide us the documents and drawings we need throughout the assignment.
Assistance and support given by Mr. Chen has been a great help in completing this
written report.

Lastly, our sincere appreciation goes to all of our group members for their
endless contribution of their efforts to this assignment. Some of us search patiently
contacted the personnel who work in the construction industry to provide us a chance
to visit the site; some of us drive us back and forth from the site without any complain;
some of us sacrificed their free time during weekend in order to make the assignment
a perfect one; and there are a lot more contribution by each member of the group.
Without the cooperation and effort from the members, the assignment could not be
done with the best quality within the given time frame.

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Project Site

The project we studied on is 29 levels Residential Phase 2 (Bennington

Residences) of SkyArena which consisting 580 units of 1092 square feet to 1700
square feet condominium developed by Bennington Development Sdn. Bhd. (a fully
owned subsidiary of Skyworld Group) at Jalan Ayer Jerneh, Mukim Setapak. The
residents of Bennington Residences can enjoy a healthy and balanced environment as
SkyArena epitomizes an urban design that is bold and innovative, with a sports
complex in the blueprint to create an exciting lifestyle for its residents and their
family. Live, play and work are now given in completely new meaning, and the
skyline of Setapak transforms with this 28-acre mega mix development. It’s consists
of retail, soho, hotel and sports, Residential Phase 1 (Ascenda Residences), Phase 2
(Bennington Residences) and Phase 3 (Curvo Reidences). The site where we studied,
Bennington Residences has a total contract sum of about RM200 million and is
estimated to be fully constructed in May 2019, which takes about 31 months to
complete and has a defective liability period of 24 months.

Developer :

Bennington Development Sdn. Bhd. (Skyworld Group)

Level 2, Block B, Wisma NTP World,

Excelia Business Park

Jalan Ampang Putra, 55100 Kuala Lumpur.

Tel : 03-4270 3928

Main Contractor :

SIAB (M) Sdn Bhd

No 82, Jalan BP 7/8,

Bandar Bukit Puchong,

47120 Puchong

Telephone : 03-8052 7117

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1.2 Site Management
Different projects have different requirements, schedules, planning,
specifications and etc. However, each project shares one aspect in common, they
function as part of a system. Construction sites as a large system which contained
several smaller system. These independent systems make up the larger system that
eventually arrives at the common goal and objective of project. A centralized
understanding of the overall system and each of the independent systems is essential
for effective and efficient site management.

Construction site is a system which dependent on other systems to maintain its

proper functioning. The role of a project manager and associated staff is significant to
ensure that each separate system supplies the required connections and output to their
companion systems. For instance, main contractor is required to supply facilities to
subcontractor on time in order for the work can be completed. If there is any delay in
one of the system, it brings an obvious adverse effect to other system. Hence, an
effective centralized control reduces the chances of the problems in one system and
the following system.

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1.3 Site Organisation
A site organization chart represent the position and the responsibility of each
construction team member. According to the site organization chart (Figure 1), the
senior project manager, Mr. Anthony Cheah have the highest position and power to
this current project. Under senior project manager is project manager. Project
manager need to control and update the work progress continuously. He also need to
maintain the work performance and quality. When the performance is under the
satisfaction level, project manager need to take action to rectify situation. The project
manager is assisted by the assistant construction manager, Mr. Alvin Lee. They need
to report anything happen in the site to the senior project manager.

Moreover, there are several working team coordinate with each other. They
are architectural coordinator, project engineer, M&E coordinator, site admin, QAQC
supervisor and safety officer. Each working team have their own jobs and
responsibilities. They will make sure the project is going as the plan and identify any
minor mistake within their job scope. If they cannot solve the problems that identified,
they need to report to assistant construction manager or project manager.

Furthermore, Mr. Chow Chee Leong as a senior site supervisor will lead other
four site supervisor. They will supervise the work of the worker and they will arrange
the work for the worker. On the other hand, if their work has conflict with the contract,
the conflict will be handle by the contracts manager (Mr. Fong Kok Yew) and
contracts executive ( Mr. Jamus Liun).

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 Managing Director
Ng Wai Hoe

Executive Director
Meryl Lim

CONTRACT AND PROJECTS

PURCHASING

HQ SUPPORT
Senior Project Manager
Anthony Cheah

Contracts Manager M&E Manager QAQC Engineer

Fong Kok Yew TBA Suriani

Contracts Executive Purchasing Executive

Jamus Liun Grace Wong

Project Manager
Liew Tek Fai

Assist. Const. Manager

Alvin Loo

SITE OFFICE LEVEL

Architectural Coordinator Project Engineer M&E Coordinator Admin QAQC Supervisor Safety Officer
Neoh Shee Ming Lim Kenny Ahmad Firdaus TBA Mohd. Qayyum Darul Ridzuan

Senior Site Supervisor

Chow Chee Leong

Site Supervisor Site Supervisor Site Supervisor Site Supervisor Safety & Health
TBA Mohd Tariq Azmir TBA Supervisor
Muhammad Firdaus

Figure 1: Site Organization Chart

2.0 Contractual method

Procurement is a process used to deliver construction project. There are few

types of procurement method in construction industry such as traditional method,
design and build, package deal etc. In this project, we found that the client is using
traditional method to process the entire project. This method is used where the
employer has made the design to be prepared before the tendering procedure. This
method also suits to be used because the client’s designers are sufficiently
experienced to coordinate and lead the design team. The project’s contract is using
bills of quantities method to make pricing for main contractors before the
commencement of work. Bills of quantities fully describe the materials and
workmanship actually represents the works to be executed. Bill of quantities is
eventually used as basis of effecting payment to contractor.

Before the inception of project, SkyWorld as developer appointed consultants

to prepare the design and cost of the project. Next, SkyWorld brief the requirements
regarding to the project to consultants. After the design has been prepared, SkyWorld
invited contractors which will be placed on a selected list of contractors to bid for the
project. After that, SkyWorld awarded contract to SIAB’s tender. The benefit of using
selective tendering for SkyWorld is that they can select only those contractors, who
have adequate experiences, resources and skills to do the project. By using selective
tendering, SkyWorld also avoids wasting of resources in tendering process, project
failures, cost and time overruns, and other disputes during the work.

The main reason that the project is using traditional method is because of
better control of works. This is because of there is a continuity and close coordination
between the professional teams, which are GRA Architects, Perunding AC & Rakan,
ONE SMART Engineering, JUBM, and main contractor, SIAB. Next, the project is
using traditional method is because of the familiarity of the industry. It is used
because of the professional teams and contractors have confidence, understand and
experienced of the method for the project. Furthermore, it permits price certainty for
professional teams and contractor. SkyWorld is certain of the price commitment at the
beginning of the contract whenever the design has been fully developed at tender
stage. Drawings and bills of quantities provide common basis for competitive tender.

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 The contract is priced based on bill of quantities. This is a fixed price contract
which contractors quote a price for the whole of the work. The contract price is not
adjustable by reason of such price increases due to currency fluctuation, materials,
labour, machinery, and changes in risks. However, the contract sum can be
subsequently adjusted due to variations.

Moreover, SIAB hires sub-contractors to do sub work in the project. The sub-
contractors include Studio Thirty Three Design Sdn. Bhd. as a landscape architecture
services and Profound Axis Sdn. Bhd. as an interior design services for the project.

3.0 Site Layout

Site layout planning is one of the most important tasks of site management. A
proper site layout planning can make significant improvements in the cost and time
savings during the construction process without involving a mass of additional work.
The site layout is planned during the pre-contract period and updated during the
construction stage. Site office is located beside the construction site but there is no
direct way to access the site. We have to walk out from the sales gallery and access
through the main gate. It takes few minutes just to travel between site office and
working site.
Labour accommodation is provided which are located at basement and
1st floor of building and boundary of working site. Their accommodation is right in
front of the temporary staircase we used to go up to 1st floor. It is easier for them to
escape when accident happens since their accommodation is built up of wooden board.
They are not allowed to cook inside which required fire but there is a rice cooker
provided which is using the electricity. They have to prepare their meals at the
separated kitchen. Labours from different countries are separated to different
accommodation to avoid conflicts among the labour. Toilets are located near their
accommodation.

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 Figure 2: Labour Accommodation Figure 3: Labour Accommodation
(1st floor) (Basement)

The welfare facilities are provided such as canteen and washing facilities.
Canteen is located beside their accommodation for the labour to rest. Offices for main
contractor and subcontractor are located at 1st floor. There is a meeting room for them
to update the progress and discuss the problems they faced on site. Subcontractor
facilities are provided and charged by main contractor. Telephone, water supply,
electric supply and drainage are temporary facilities provided for the labours.

Figure 4: Subcontractor’s Office Figure 5: Meeting Room

Two guards are hired to control access and ensure safety of the site during
daytime and night. Since there is no CCTV at the site, the guards will take shift
cruising around the site during night time to avert theft. Night time security become
extremely important as the project is not approved by authority to carry out night
work.

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 There is security check for every access and exit. Every entry of outsiders
must be controlled by the guard unless they get the permit to enter site. But normally
there is no outsider allowed to access the site. Normal vehicles are prohibited to enter
the working site. They can only park their car at the parking area surrounding the
sales gallery. All the heavy vehicles have to access and exit with the same access gate,
therefore resulting in the undesired road condition at the access point.
As the result of space constraint, the site only allowed one way direction for
vehicles to transport materials. If there is a lorry unloading the material and blocking
the road, other vehicles are unable to go through. The progress of work might be
affected if it is taking long time to unload all the materials. Consequently, there is a
limit for vehicles entering the site at the same time. Traffic controller is liable to
prepare an appropriate logistic plan on material delivery. He has to ensure all
materials transported to site in the morning if possible.

Figure 6: Guardhouse Figure 7: Blocked road for unloading

Zone of fabrication is located at a corner of working site after entering the site.
The poor soil condition and uneven surface caused the water accumulated underneath
the fabrication area. The temporary drainage system is not effectively functioning to
draw out the rainwater. At the access point, there is a pipe opening for rainwater flow
through but it is not connected to the existing drainage system and there is slightly
settlement. Thus, contaminated water will be accumulated at the access if there is
heavy rain consecutively. To overcome this problem, the normal practice is to have a
gradient to allow the water flow through. It helps to reduce costs of dewatering while
the drainage system is not efficacious.

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 Figure 8: Drainage System Figure 9: Drainage System
(Fabrication area) (Access gate)
Since this project is implemented in-situ construction, there is no requirement
for a storage area to keep those precast structures. Fire escape route and notices board
can be seen everywhere in the site. To minimize case of injury, the safety officer will
brief the workers about the safety precautions and emergency procedures before
everyday entry. The officer has responsibility to remind their safety wear in order to
safeguard their safety. The site hoardings are equipped with appropriate signage for
safety. Heights of hoardings are fully covered the site area to reduce harm towards
pedestrian if the material falls down.

Figure 10: Safety Signage Figure 11: Health and Safety Notice Board

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Figure 12: Pedestrian Route Figure 13: Fire Escape Route

Figure 14: Safety Hoarding

13
 14
Figure 15: Site Layout Plan 1
 15
Figure 16: Site Layout Plan 2
Figure 17: Site Layout Plan 3 16
4.0 Labour Management

In the construction industry, a well labour management is significance for the

completion of project up to the date identified.

According to the information obtained during interview, the method used to

take attendance of workers on site was through thumb print detection devices (as
shown in figure 18). In order to record down the attendance of the general labour,
there is only one electrical device installed. Implementing this method for attendance
is better as compared to traditional method which is book record attendance. This is
because the labours are unable to help their friend from signing attendance. It was
considered a better method as it might increase the productivity of labours and
reduced the losses of contractor for paying the wages. For sub-contractors, the
labours’ attendance will be handling by the supervisor from sub-contractor through
hand book record. Then, it will be submitted to main contractor for record purpose.

Figure 18: Thumb print electronic devices to record attendance

Moreover, the accommodations for general labours were in site which is
provided by contractor. Most of the workers stayed in cabins before the frame of
building are constructed (as shown in figure 19 & 20). After frame is partially
constructed, some of the workers will move to the car-park basement as their
permanent living area (as shown in figure 21 & 22) during the construction process. It
is considered well planned as only few of the workers stay in one plywood room
rather than all are rest in an open area. On the other hand, contractor has reduced the
expenses from renting other accommodation and transporting them to site for work as
they are live in site. Besides, the labours have higher productivity as they have
sufficient time to rest due to short travel distance to site.

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 Figure 19: Labours ‘cabins Figure 20: Temporary plywood cabins

Figure 21: Temporary plywood cabins

In this case, the general labour wages are paid through cash. The payment of
labours are made on two week once basis. The advanced payments on wages are not
allowed for labours. The labours have no medical certificate allowance or leave for
fever due to the wages are calculated based on daily basis. They need to seek
treatment by themselves or look for supervisor to bring them for treatment during
worst conditions. Therefore, no payment will be made to labours if they are absent.
Apart from that, labour are eligible to claim for the medical fees which caused by
work-related injuries.

In site, a canteen was provided to the labours (as shown in figure 24). The
labours can get instant food and drinks from canteen for recharging themselves. Few
benches and tables are provided for temporary resting (as shown in figure 22). The
labours will achieve higher output as they have sufficient resting hours and facilities.
The site has also equipped with a row of kitchen which allow labours to cook their
own meals (as shown in figure 23). The location of it was not in the developing
building due to safety concern in preventing fired or explodes accident.

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 Figure 22: Benches and tables for rest Figure 23: Kitchen for labour to cook

Figure 24: The canteen

The person who is responsible to coordinate the labours on site are site
supervisor as well as a leader that chosen from all the general labours. The leader will
responsible in manage the general labours. The common language used to
communicate between the labour and supervisors was Malay. Not most of the workers
are able to speak in Malay as they are come from different countries. Thus, problems
of communication was encountered among labours and contractor. Therefore, a leader
who understand and able to speak in Malay will be chosen from each of the general
labour from different country. This strategy applied is to let the leader guide them by
translating Malay to their nation’s languages to assist the works as well as the works
quality in site. Next, the tasks for labours are assigned based on their expertise field.
The site has categorized the workers in terms of skilled and unskilled worker through
examine of experience on the particular labour hired. The experiences are evaluated
based on their previous handling project.

A well management of labour can be accomplished through dealing the issues

encountered on labour at site. During interviewing with assistant project manager,
Mr.Chen, the problem such as labour shortage in the market can be solved by using
these strategies from management team. The management team has proposed to

19
increase the wages to retain the labours. The following strategy is totally sub the
works to sub-contractor can transfer the risk of contractor to them. During Chinese
New Year is coming, the site has increased the number of labours due to future long
period holiday to prevent delay of overall project. The workers are not allowed to
work over-time as the site unable to obtain night work permit from authority due to
neighbour residential (as shown in figure 25).The toilets is provided for the labours.
Some improvement is needed to reallocate the materials that are blocking the route to
toilet as this might cause danger, injuries and inconvenience to labours.

Figure 25: Neighbour residential Figure 26: Toilets

Instruction given by supervisor will be obey by labours sometimes. Therefore,

few ways to regulate labours are verbally warning for first obey, penalty will be
imposed for second obey and lastly termination of labour will be done for third obey
of instruction. Most of the labours will go through CIDB training to apply the green
card.

In conclusion, the labour management of contractor is considered well

managed as they have planned for solution for future problems which might be
occurred likes labour shortage in market. Moreover, they have also scheduled the
labours appropriately for future long period holiday. Therefore, the alternative plans
from contractor might reduce the possibilities of works delay and additional incurred
cost towards the project. Moreover, the contractor concern about the welfare of
labours through providing facilities in site to increase the overall output as well as the
quality of works from labours.

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5.0 Material Management
The well management of the material is needed, because it will affect the
project in term of cash flow and duration. Therefore, many construction companies
have their own standard of procedure management of material in order to avoid the
circumstances like shortage and result delay of the project.

According to the interview, we identified their procedure and management of

materials. First, route and time of the transportation of the material needed to be
wisely organized in order to promote efficient work. Based on the interview, time of
the transportation are well managed with planning of different material transportation
time to ensure these vehicle will not come at same time because the width of
driveway is 6100mm which just allow one vehicle to drive inside the site. The route
of the transportation of material is just one way around the site. Problem of residents
complain is encountered by the contractor during the transportation of material due to
contamination of road after transportation of material. After received the complain,
assistant project manager told us that they planned to clean the tyres of lorry before
leaving the site.

Figure 27: Route of Transportation

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 Figure 28: Driveway of Transportation

Moreover, there is no material storage at a certain place for material in this site.
The placement of material is according where the material is needed and the material
will be unloaded near to the place but material is mostly placed indoor to prevent the
effect of weather. Due to this scenario, labour can directly use the material in the right
place which can produce efficient work and reduce the wastage due to second
handling. All material was stacked with timber and wrapped with plastic to prevent
defection of weather. However, some material of the subcontractor or expensive and
tiny material will be store at their own site office.

Figure 29: Material was stacked and wrapped

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 Furthermore, delay of the material delivery is a serious issue to the
construction work which require a proper way to resolve the issue. The following
sequence is the procedures and method to resolve the problem:

1. The delay of material delivery happened

2. They contact the supplier and carry out meeting to discuss for the reasons
3. Visit to the factory if possible and identify the problems (i.e. Material sold to
others or the factory break down)
4. Request the alternative solution from supplier because some of the material is
difficult to seek for the others supplier due to the type and standard of material.
5. If the supplier still cannot solve this problem, they will select alternative
supplier either from local or oversea. (Oversea delivery fee will be charged
higher than usual)

In addition, material shortage is one of the issues which cannot anticipated,

which will cause severe delay of project and more cost incurred due to the higher
price on material. However, this issue can be reduced with the well management of
the material. When they found out certain material is in shortage in a particular time,
they will employ the pre-order method to overcome the shortage problem. However,
when it comes to a circumstance where the material shortage is not anticipated, the
management should also provide a contingency plan. In this interview, the
contingency plan will be providing an alternative material with the same standard of
the purposed material. They will also look for the other existing projects which they
are having and trying to transfer the material. There are some materials need advance
payment which are custom made material, import material and mechanical or
electrical material.

Lastly, it is needed to minimize the material wastage as possible for wise use
of the scarce resources. Assistant project manager told us they will ask the workers try
to finish the material as much as possible to prevent wastage. For certain material for
example reinforcement bar, they will order “order to size” from the supplier which
significantly reduce the wastage. Apart from that, the disposal of the waste material
will also classify into two, which one can be reuse and other cannot be reuse. They
will use the reusable waste material for future projects. The waste material which
cannot be reused will be recycled or landfilled. These waste materials which cannot

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be reused will only dispose and collect, and the period of the disposal of construction
waste off-site is according to the situation. Placement of sand is also considered as
wastage because effect of weather and wind. Placement of sand should be on a hard
dry and level patch of ground. It is better to store in place like bay feel like sand being
contained.

Figure 30: Disposal of Waste Material Figure 31: Placement of Sand

The above statements show that the management is considered average in

material management because they just fulfil the rules and regulations of construction.
The overall material management is just fine. Therefore, we commend that the
material management of the case study still need a lot of effort to improve their
management skills. In conclusion, material management is very important to show the
success of the work on the site based on how well the contractor manages and how
experienced they are.

6.0 Plant and Equipment

Plant and equipment management in construction are significance in

determining the overall work progress of project as they serve in terms of the
performance of various activities. Therefore, it is important to ensure the plants and
equipment are function effectively. In this management, it is essential that a plant and
equipment is maximized while on site and removed when it is no longer required. The
work programme must plan for this by arranging the work to take advantage of the

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plant while on site. This can mean rearranging non critical activities so that plants and
equipment are fully utilized.

In this project, its type of plants needed have determined through kind of work
scope and specification. Moreover, type and number of plant to be used can identify
based on master programme. It is important to obtain the appropriate plant for the
particular tasks as there can be a significant cost implication if wrong plant is obtained.
Furthermore, the number of plant use currently in site was one tower crane and
mobile crane (as shown in figure 32 & 33). The site visited is small and completion of
entire project is about 60%. Thus, it is currently needed less plant as compared to
excavation phase.

Throughout the interview, the project manager stated that clearly understand
the work programme and constantly monitor on site progress assist to ensure the
plants number are sufficient to carry out works on site. By constantly monitoring will
help to foreseen subsequent progress to make sure the plant and equipment are
adequate. To determine the capacity of plants required on site, it is normally based on
experience of site personnel and study drawings to ensure the capacity is sufficient to
execute the works.

Figure 32: Mobile Crane Figure 33: Tower Crane

The plants that utilize on site were both rented and purchased. The contractor
used owned plants as priority, In the event of insufficient of plants to carry out the
works, then contractor will rent for the rest of number required. To ensure that all the
plants and equipment are readily accessible, testing of plants is carried out. For
instance, the concrete truck will try to pump as trial to ensure the flow of concrete is
smooth in pipe.

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 In the site, contractor and sub-contractor are responsible for the plant
breakdown and maintenance. It was depends on who are owning the plant and
equipment. The plants and equipment on site do not required any inspection
throughout the work progress until it breaks down. Whenever case of plants
breakdown on construction site, operator will first examine the issue or reason
breakdown. In case of minor issue, the skilled operator would repair and fix it on site.
If the renting machinery breakdown, site personnel will contact with the supplier and
generally required at least one day for supplier to handle and execute inspection.
When the issue not able to repair on site, the machinery will then be send to the
workshop, meanwhile the supplier will send in replacement machinery to the
construction site. It is essential to ensure the readily accessible of plants and
equipment to prevent any danger happened and save the time and cost in transporting
for repair.

On the other hand, there are no idling plants on site due to the space
constraints in the site. There is a few more phase to be constructed, therefore no idling
plants are in the site. Thus, the management on plants and equipment and pre-
planning the number of plants are considered well.

Next, small tools and equipment are frequently lost in site. Thus, each of the
labours has their own tools or equipment given by contractor to control the missing of
tools. This is considered well managed on tools as each of them not required to wait
for others turn to use it as well as increase the responsible on labour to take care of
their tools. The action taken by contractor towards labours on missing tools was fixed
rate fine. If the tools were spoiled, labour required to get the spoiled tools in order to
exchange a new one. Therefore, fine will not imposed on labour in this case.

During peak hours, the site will be congested due to its location in the city.
Therefore, the site will allocate the plants based on the priority of tasks .For example,
the site will allowed concrete plant first than other plant to move in as the concrete
will hardened for certain period. Additionally, there is concrete plant that failed to
delivery to site due to traffic. Hence, the management team will request supplier try to
arrange concrete plant to deliver earlier on next supply to skip peak hour’s traffic.
Another plan to use was to call or seek for new suppliers for next supply.

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 In conclusion, the plant and equipment management are essential as it might
affect the productivity of overall project as well as the time and cost of contractor.
The contractor is systematic and able to manage the problems encountered on site
such as missing tools and the number of plants required. On this case study, if the
equipment is essential to the company core fleet and expected to provide reliable
service for a long time then we recommend that "owning" plant and equipment is
more appropriate.

7.0 Planning Techniques and Tools

Construction planning and preparation play a very important role in today’s

construction. An effective plan and preparation will leads to the success of the project,
including the quality and time required to complete the project. After the interview
session, we know and learn more information in planning stage.

The Microsoft Project is the planning technique and tool that the contractor
had used to make the Gantt chart of the construction programme. The project
scheduling is basically done by the project manager who has a very well experienced
in the preparation of work progression. The key factor in the project scheduling and
planning process is experience. For example, the project scheduling process needs to
estimate the time needed to complete a specific task before it can begin the next task
and estimating the duration requires experienced people to complete the input for each
task.

One of the reasons that the company did not use the Primavera software which
is commonly used in construction planning because Primavera is much more costly as
compared to the Microsoft Project. Moreover, the people who need to plan using
Primavera software have to attend training on how to use the Primavera properly and
correctly. Most of the manager in this construction company is more familiar with
using Microsoft Project and this can reduce the programming cost directly. Sometime
using simple software can make the work more efficient and effective.

During the preparation of planning stage, the first consideration of the planner
is to find out and ensure the critical activities which are also the precedence activities
in this project. Critical activity is the work that cannot be delayed in the project, once

27
the work was delayed will impact on the entire project. Usually the information is
obtained from the work breakdown structure or project scope and details. This will be
the key to adding sequence and duration in subsequent steps.

This method will help the project manager manage and control the time
production parameters on the site. Therefore, project managers can track progress and
control work on quality, time and cost. The main contractor will also carry out a
meeting weekly or monthly based on the situation to revise the project schedule. The
purpose of this meeting is to ensure that the task and activities in the project follow
the planning schedule. If there is any problem or delay in the problem, they have to
figure out solution to keep up the progress such as hire more workers and to do it at
night.

The construction method statement is also playing an important role in the

planning process.

Figure 34: Sample Method Statement of the Project

Method Statement is a document describes in detail on how the task or

processes are going to be completed. Method descriptions should outline the hazards
involved and include step-by-step guidance on how to do it safely. Method Statement
are always required as part of the tender process to enable the company to gain insight

28
into your organization and how it operate. For this reason, the method statement
becomes another booklet for company and a good documentation can gain a
competitive advantage in the competition.

These are some section needed in the Method Statement:

 Standard operating procedure
 Brief description of the task, work or process
 Start date and completion date
 Site address

As conclusion, the planning schedule can be used to forecast the cash inflow
and outflow of the contractor. Due to the insufficient cash flow, some of the
contractor failed because the contractor had undertaken projects that lost cash flow
due to the excessive cash flow or unfavorable payment term. On the other hand, with
an appropriate resources plan, it is possible to change the order of activities, extend or
shorten the duration that the usage of resources is smoothed and optimized. This helps
to reduce the peak period of resource demand and maintain the continuity of resources,
eliminate the resources that must be demobilized, and then remove the resources
again with additional costs.

8.0 Safety and Health

On-site safety and health is one of the most important issues that need to be
extra seek into by a company or organization. This can help to reduce and prevent the
accident and injury happen in the site. In every site, there will have at least a safety
officer. His duty is to ensure the safety and health of the worker. He needs to make
sure all the construction process is safe and follow the standard. The local authorities
will spot check the site at any time to make sure the site is always in healthy and safe
condition. At the entrance of the construction, there will be having a “Safety First”
signboard. This is to remind all workers and visitors must wear the safety helmet,
safety boot and safety hardness before they enter the site. Moreover, we also found
many of precaution notice at anywhere that is noticeable. This can remind the workers
they must follow the safety rules and regulations all the time.

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 Figure 35: Safety Signage

Besides that, there is a guard at the entrance of the site. He will check all the
visitors and make sure that all the visitors wear all the safety equipment that required.
The guard will record down all the visitors before they enter the site. After that, the
safety officer will come out and give the visitors a brief about the safety to make sure
the visitors have the awareness of safety at the site. All the unauthorised persons are
not allowed to access the site due to safety reason.

Figure 36: Security Booth

The site is surrounded by the hoarding. This is to prevent the outsider to
access the site and can prevent thieves from stealing the material in the site. The
attendances of the workers are recorded through the fingerprint sensor. This also can
help the security guard to differentiate the outside and labour easily.
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 Figure 37: Fingerprint Sensor

Moreover, there is a covered parking and walkway prepared for the visitors. It
is to protect the visitors from the falling object from the high level of the building.

The accommodation and the kitchen of the workers are separated. The reason
is if the kitchens catch fire, the fire is more easily control and put out. It will not
spread to the accommodation of the worker and cause an uncontrollable fire.

Figure 38: Covered Walkway Figure 39: Separated Kitchen for worker

The door of the temporary construction lift is always close when it is not in
used to prevent any accident happen. The precaution notice also attach on the lift wall
to remind the worker the precaution and rules to use the temporary lift. The safety
officer will always make sure the workers wear personal protective equipment at all
time. If they fail to do it, the safety officer will amerce them and give them warning.
If the workers still refuse to do that, the company will terminate the contract between

31
the company and the worker and fired him. The safety officer will also give the labour
some brief about the safety and health issues during the Monday morning assembly.

Figure 40: Temporary construction lift

All the workers on site must have Green Card from the CIDB. Before getting a
Green Card, the employees need to attend some safety and health induction. The
management will organize CIDB green card talk. After the employee attended the talk,
the management will help them to apply the green card but the employees need to pay
the fee by themselves.

The company is using the emergency response team system. When there is an
accident happens, the emergency response team (ERT) will response to the accident
immediately. They assign some person to each roles and ERT will do their task
according to their roles during the accident. They will assemble the worker at the
emergency assemble point, call the ambulance and control traffic if it is needed. The
employer also provides some insurance to the local employee such as SOCSO and
EPF. This is to protect the rest life of the workers if there is any accident on them.

On the site, they will have fogging every week. This is to prevent the spread of
the dengue. The site supervisor will also make sure there is no stagnant water for
mosquito to lay egg. When the worker sick seriously, the management team will bring
him to the hospital. If it is having serious disease, the site will be sealed and all the
work will stop immediately. They will conduct sterilization and prevent the disease to
spread over the site. On the other hand, the worker who has minor sick will go seek

32
doctor by themselves and provide the medical certificate to the site supervisor for
verification.

Safety of the on-site material is also very important. They are place under the
covered place to prevent from rainwater. For the example, the cement bag is place in
the ground floor that is covered by the upper floor slab. Moreover, they also stack the
material on the wooden pallet to prevent them from soaking in the water. Each of the
sub-contractor also has their own storeroom to put their material. This is to reduce the
probability that the material of the subcontractor taken by other subcontractor. They
place their material near the accommodation of the foreign workers due to the
workers can look after the material and prevent theft.

Figure 41: Storeroom for every Figure 42: Cement bag are stack on the
subcontractor pallet and placed at the cover place

Besides that, the site supervisor will check and store the small size plant and
equipment in the storeroom to prevent it stole by others. The storeroom will be locked
after all the plants and equipment has been collected.

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 Figure 43: Scaffolding is collected and counted after
used to prevent losses

Now, they are just having the security guard patrolling around the site every 2
hours in order to check the security of the site 24 hours. However sometime the guard
will be lazy or not around, this is giving the thieves an opportunity to do into the site
and steal the steel bar or wire which are valuable. The recommendation is the site can
install the CCTV to prevent the outsider from entering the site and stolen material.
Moreover, medical injection for the workers is recommended in order to reduce the
chance of workers to get infected or fall sick at the site. The cleanliness of the site
should be improved because the labours throw the rubbish and pee at anywhere. The
management can rent the temporary cabin toilet and put it at every 5 floor.

At the conclusion, the safety and health of the site is very important issues and
need to be look into by the employer. Every company must show their responsibility
to ensure that their security level had already reached the green zone level in order to
reach the regulation in the ACT and human safety health. As our case study site, the
employer hired the safety officer and guard to make sure the security and safety of the
site.

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9.0 Quality Management

9.1 Inspection of work

Two-tier system is the system applied in this project to carry out the inspection
work. This is to ensure the quality of work in term of labour performance, materials
ordered, and process is carried out as required. In other words, one is main-contractor
side will assign supervisor to inspect, another side is consultant representative who
can be the clerk of work or site engineer.

Normally main contractor will sub part of the construction works to sub-
contractor especially some specialist work. Thus, in order to ensure the quality of
work carried out by sub- contractors, main contractor will have to inspect their works
by assigning a supervisor. After the main contractor supervisor satisfies the work, he
needs to inform clerk of work, who is the representative of consultant to carry out
inspection. After being accepted by the clerk of work then the work only can be
proceed.

The inspection of work basically will be carried out at every stage, before
carry out the work. For example, there are total of 40 columns in the project. At
current stage is concreting 10 columns, so main contractor will call for inspection of
concrete work before pouring. Then the remaining columns work will be inspect at
next stages.

In case of there is any problem found during the inspection stage, consultant
representative will have to comment on the checklist so that corrective action could be
taken. For instance, rebar not being properly tied, number of links missing, and so on.
After contractor rectifies, he will need to inform clerk of work to inspect again. In
other words, the form will consists of inspection 1, 2, 3 etc.

Product Quality Plan (PQP) is a vital tool to safeguard the quality of work for
each unit. It is used for the reason that it is very detailed such as will inform where is
the current construction stage, together with all checklists for each item. It is the
development of work and product design measures to avoid faults from happening in
the first place based on planning.

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9.2 Materials

In consideration of cost factor, basically the materials will be ordered in bulks.

In order to ensure the quality of the materials, it is a must to manage properly the
materials ordered after the suppliers deliver the materials to the site. Overall, the
material storage management is according to the performance expected with the
evidence showed in photo below.

Figure 44: Material Storage Management

9.2.1 Cement, Sand, Aggregate (Concreting)

In this project, the cements are well-wrapped up and put at the non-exposed
area from weather.

Figure 45: Bags of cement are stored and avoid from weather exposure.

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 Figure 46:
Sand that will be used soon is put under the
building as well.

According to Mr. Chen, contractor must carry out the test for concrete
following accordance to contract. Every truck of the concrete will undergo slump test
to ensure the concrete is properly mixed. Also, cube test will be carried out to reassure
it meets the required strength designed.

Figure 47:

One of the cube test report that is approved in

this project.

For this project, the left over materials from other project will still be using.
However, to ensure the quality of the work will not be affected, they will be used for
small components of construction work only such as lintel beam.

9.2.2 Timber and Plywood

To ensure the quality of timber, they try to order the material from the
trustable supplier only. It means that the sub-contractors that have good record with
the contractor before. After the plywood is delivered to site, they will store it inside

37
the building. The plywood is stacked and stored flat to minimize the possibility to
bowing and other distortion.

Figure 48:
Plywood is stacked to prevent the
contact of plywood with ground
moisture.

9.2.3 Rebar

Mild certificate is a tool used to guarantee the quality of the rebar produced
from the manufacturer in term of meeting the designed requirement in this project.
For every batch of production of steel bar, it will be clarify the contents of the steel
bar produced and whether it meets the requirement expected. At the site, consultant
side will request to do random steel bar bending test or compression test to reassure
the bar produced will meet the requirement. Not only that, they will inspect whether
the rebar is properly managed during the whole construction period.

Figure 49:
Mild certificate for the steel bar
produced to be used in the project.

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9.3 Labour and Workmanship

Quality of the construction work not merely depends on the quality of the
materials used, but one of the key elements is the workmanship of the labour. Thus,
QLASSIC quality assessment is applied as a workmanship control system in this
project.

However, there are some problems occur at the construction site that might
affect the quality of workmanship which is the language barrier with the foreign
workers. Some of the foreign workers at the construction site constantly not clear with
the instruction. This problem will affect the quality of the work carried out as the task
done might not be following the requirement established. This problem happens
because it is very hard to justify what language the imported foreign workers are
proficient with before importing them. Even though they were told that the workers
are skilful and do not have language efficiency problem but, the contractor can only
encounter with the labour and find out if there is any problem on the imported labour
only after the workers obtained the permit and being imported.

In order to avoid the non-quality work caused by language barrier, close

inspection by the site supervisor and providing training to the workers is a-must. Look
at the bright side, although the foreign workers have language barrier but there have
one so-called “head” from the workers who is normally proficient in speaking Malay.

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10.0 SWOT Analysis

STRENGTH WEAKNESS

Contractual method Site Layout

 Great coordination between the professional teams stated in contract.  No direct way from the site office to the site so it is time consuming to walk from the office to the site.
Site Layout  No CCTV at site, only two guards take shift to cruise the 2.69 acres site during night time.

 Great arrangement in labour accommodation to prevent conflict.  Same access gate for heavy vehicles results in traffic congestion.

 Locating the material near to accommodation as the worker able to take care of the material.  Poor soil condition and uneven surface causing contaminated fabrication area.

 Good in outlining the fabrication zone. Labour Management

 Planning of fire escape route, logistic plan and pathway for pedestrian.  Labours from different country will sometimes result in communication error between contractor and

Labour Management labours.

Material management
 Well control in workers’ attendance.
 The width of the driveway is 6100mm, which just allowed one vehicles to enter the site and forming a
 Coordinate the labours to overcome the barrier of communication.
one way transportation of material around the site.
 Strategic in arranging the workers’ working day and holiday.
 Well control in workers’ performance.
Plant and Equipment Management
Material Management
 Location of the site in the city causing traffic congestion during peak hour.
 Well plan in route and time of the transportation of material needed.  No inspection for the plant and equipment on site until it breaks down.
 Maintain high quality of material by protect and keep the material in proper ways.
 Ability to immediate response and contingencies response to shortage of material. Safety and Health
 Good planning in disposal way and amount of ordering material to reduce wastage.
 The cleanliness of the site is not in good condition.
Plant and Equipment

 Great plan in ordering type and number of plant.

 Concern to the maintenance of plant and equipment.
 Exceptional arrangement in the usage of plant.
Planning technique and tool

 Well plan in arranging the working sequence.

 Advanced software used.
 Always ensure that the task and activities in the project follow the planning schedule.
 Always record works done in method statement.

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 STRENGTH WEAKNESS

Safety and Health

 Appropriate location to place “Safety First” signboard.

 Make sure the visitors wear all of the safety equipment.
 Briefing given before entering the site.
 Always think about safety of visitor and workers such as provide insurance, Green Card,
covered walkway and others.
 Precaution notice attached as a reminder.
 Medical service provided to workers.
Quality Management

 Good system is applied which is two- tier system.

 Establish an inspection of work at every stage to maintain the quality.
 Well plan in arrangement when any problem found during the inspection stage.
 Excellent in material storage management to preserve the quality of material.
 Test for material following accordance to contract. For example, slump test and cube test.
 Having toolbox meeting every day to achieve the quality of product which done by workers.

OPPORTUNITY THREAT

Strength of project Material Management

 Good location of accommodation increase the demand in market.  Complaints from the residents as vehicles to transport the construction material contaminating the
 Good reputation developed, increase the demand in market from client or developer. roads.
Contractual method  Delay of material from the supplier.

 Created a good relationship between parties, will keep the project done.  Problems of material shortage.

Quality Management Labour Management

 Labour shortage in the market.
 ISO family compliance is an advanced in managing the quality of building.
 Authority does not award the over-time working permit since the site is located at the residential area,
Plant and Equipment
the site has to increase the wages and hire more workers so that the works would not be delayed.
 Inspection of quality of plant based on the authorities term and condition.

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11.0 Conclusion

The contractor and developer are still good in planning and managing the
construction project although there are some problems occurred. They established
many different ways and methods in each section of work to overcome the problem
and difficulties throughout the project. The contractor assigns different tasks to
different department in order to get the part of work done by focusing on the work by
each department. They also prepare contingency plans to any changes which is a good
practice.

Reputation is important to contractor and developer. Contractor gains the

reputation and trust from consultant, sub-contractor and client to complete the project.
Developer gains the reputation and trust to increase the demand in the market. Both of
parties gain reputation and trust to increase the profit margin.

In fact, contractor always focus on the sequence of works, quality of works,

source of materials and others in the construction industry. The errors and cost are
able to reduce by well management and arrangement of contractor in construction.
Besides, the efficiency and professional skills of sub-contractor and consultant would
increase the productivity of construction project.

In conclusion, contractor must have a well-known of basic knowledges about

planning and management in order to undergo the project smoothly. Contractor has
also a good ethics and responsibility to the client in the overall project.

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12.0 Appendix

Questionnaire Paper

Material Required

1. Site layout plan

2. Project layout plan
3. Organizational chart

Project Summary

1. Location of project(address)
2. Project sum?
3. Date of commencement?
4. Estimated time of completion?
5. Current condition?(currently complete until what stage)
6. Land area?
7. Total of how many personnel/parties involved in the project?

QUALITY MANAGEMENT

Inspection Of labour workmanship, materials

1. Does anyone being hired to ensure the quality of work included labour
performance & materials ordered, and process as required etc?
2. How frequent to inspect?
3. How to check? Any test carried out?If yes, is it possible to show us how the
process is?
4. What action need to be carried out if found out that there is underperformance?
5. So far have any quality problem at the site?

6. Top management set quality policies? (project quality plans, weekly site reports,
and work method statements) ?

7. Does top management conduct management reviews on project quality?

8. Does any special case in this project?

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Of end product

1. Inspect by whom?

2. What is the standard procedure? (personal checklist for each unit?)

*step-by-step (who will come first, what will be done, followed by who etc.)

3. Quality assessment improved by whom? Certificate?

4. What if not approved?

5. So far have any remedy actions taken on WHAT problems at the site? How has
it been carried out?

Labour

1. What is the workmanship control system? QCAT? QLASSIC?

2. Have any communication problem? How to solve it?

3.Any special case need specialized in this project? Eg. Unwillingness to accept?

Materials

Cement, sand, aggregate (concrete) / premix concrete

1. If is self-mix using concrete mixer, how to control its quality (not in the saying
of handling matter)?

2. Normally cement ordered in bulks, how to ensure the quality is maintain since it
will have seepage and become harden if store for too long right?

3. Any new tech or chemicals used to ensure quality?

4. Any test to check? Such as cube test?

Timber/plywood

1. How to ensure quality(process)? any cert for timber?

Rebar

1. Will use the surplus from other project?

2. Any skilled worker for specified work? Send for training?

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 3. Any cert to prove quality?

4. With the cert, still have to carry out any lab test to ensure the quality?

Contractual method

1. What kind of procurement method used for the project?

2. Reason(s) to use the procurement method.
3. Contract used based on BQ or cost plus?
5. Why to use such contract?
6. Tendering information (price, closing date, company name, open or selective
tendering)
7. Does main contractor appoint itself C&S and M&E engieneer or hire
subcontractors to do?
Site Layout

1. When to start the site layout planning before inception of project?

2. The reason of choosing this land for the project?
3. What are the difficulties for clearing the site before inception?
4. Where is site office located? Why?
5. Where is toilet located? Why? Is the toilet separated based on the gender?
6. Where is warehouse located? Why?
7. Is it wasting time for workers travelling between warehouse and working area
to get equipment?
8. Where is labour accommodation located? Why?
9. Any welfare facilities provided? (Eg: washing facilities, somewhere to rest and
take break)
10. Any subcontractor facilities provided?
11. Car parking for normal vehicles? (In front of site office/out of the site)
12. Any emergency route and muster points when accident happens?
13. Any guard hired? How many guard hired?
14. Did the guard cruising around the site during night?
15. Is there any CCTV at the site area?
16. Is there any security check for every access and exit?
17. Any access controls, temporary roads and separate pedestrian routes?
18. Did the safety hoardings fully cover the site area?

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 19. Besides safety hoardings, is there any protection for trees, existing buildings
and neighbouring buildings?
20. Any site hoardings equipped with appropriate safety and signage for
directions?
21. Is there any tower lighting at the site during night time?
22. Where is zone for fabrication located?
23. Where is area for off-loading located?
24. Is there any areas for construction of mock-ups for testing?
25. Is the space sufficient in construction sites to carry out all the works?
26. Any temporary facilities provided? (Eg: telephone, water supply, electric
supply, drainage)
27. Is there any temporary electric supply and water supply?
28. Is there a limit for vehicles entering the site at the same times?
29. Did heavy vehicles and normal vehicles access and exit through one access
gate?
30. Did vehicles go in and out through one access gate?
31. Any fire escape route and notices board for officer and worker?
32. Where are canteen and first aid room located? (If any)
33. Did the efficiency level achieved with current site layout plan?
34. Where to locate if there is precast structures transported to site?
35. What actions would be taken if there are conserve flora and fauna at the
project land before inception?
36. How to maintain the good condition of access road?
37. What to do if the access road in poor condition?
Labour management

1. What is the method use to take attendance of workers on site?

2. How the subcontractor workers’ attendance been taken?
3. Accommodation provided or built by workers themselves?
4. What is the method used to paid for workers’ salary? (cash/ cheque/fund
transfer)
5. Are advanced payment allowed to workers?
6. Are medical certificate allowed to claim by workers?
7. When the salary are given to workers? (first week or mid of month)

46
 8. Who is responsible to coordinate the workforce in construction site?
9. How to separate the job to the worker? Based on skill and experience?
10. What is the way or contingencies plan used to solve the problem of long
period holiday?(CNY)
11. What is the language commonly used to communicate between labour and
site supervisor?
12. How to categories the worker in terms of skilled and unskilled labour?
13. What are the strategies used to regulate workers that are not following
instruction of site supervisor.
14. Any training provided to the workers before commencement of work?
Material management

1. What are the methods of inspection you have been using when the material has
delivered to site? Who is the person in charged in the inspection? What are the
actions will you take if the material delivered does not fulfill the standard of
quality required?
2. How to ensure routes and time of the transportation of material of are being well
organized? What are the routes of the transportation of material for this
construction?(**request: Route of transportation)The material delivered unload
by delivery company or general worker hired?
3. Any problem encountered during transportation of material to site?
4. How to overcome the scenario when there is a delay on material delivery?
5. How long is the interval period of disposal of site waste material and how the
waste material being disposed? (For example: Any machinery involved?) Where
is the location to dispose the material? Is it far away from the site?
6. How to minimize material wastage? (eg: prevention of material damage and
broke) What are the methods to ensure the proper use of material on site?
7. How about the arrangement of material?(eg: placement of material)
8. The allocation of material storage? What factors are being considered when
making decision of allocation of material storage? (**request: Material Site
Layout)
9. What are the contingency plans to settle the problem when there is a situation of
material shortage?
10. How to overcome the problem when there is urgent needs of material?

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 11. What is the way of payment made after material delivered?
Plant and equipment management

1. How to determine the type and number of machinery required?

2. The plant and machinery used are rented or purchased?
3. How to ensure the number of plants are sufficient to carry out the works on site?
4. How the readily accessible for each item of plant and equipment are
known?(Testing)
5. Who is the one responsible for the machinery breakdown and maintenance
(contractor / sub-con/client)
6. The plant needed monthly or weekly inspection?
7. Appoint specialists or operators on site to do inspection?
8. How to determine the capacity of plants is sufficient to carry out works?
9. How to control the missing of handy tools?
10. Action taken on labour to reduce the issue of missing tools?
11. How to allocate the plant for each task when site is congested?
12.Do there any concrete plant are failed to deliver on time to site which caused by
traffic?
Safety and Health

1. How to ensure the workers will obtain green card by the contractor?
2. Will the contractor held the talk about safety and health?
3. How to ensure the workers wear all personal protective equipment at all time. If
they refuse to do that, any punishment?
4. The personal protective equipment is supplied by the contractor or the workers
buy them themselves?
5. If any accident happen and cause worker injured or death, what is the standard
procedure to solve this problem?
6. If the workers sick, will they seek doctor themselves or provided by contractor?
7. How to verify the sick mc of workers?
8. How to make sure all the materials are safe and prevent from wastage? (cement,
steel, aluminium frame etc)
9. Is there any facilities to prevent the outsider to access the site easily?
10. How to make sure all the plant and equipment is safe and prevent them from
stolen

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 11. What is the action taken to penalty the workers when the rules and regulations
aren’t obeyed by them?
12. How to prevent the plants involved in the accident?
Planning technique and tools

1. Before the construction start, will you visit the site to gather the site information
and what information you need before to start the work?
2. How you make sure the construction site is available of water supply and
electricity? If there is no availability for it, what action will you take?
3. If the there is any damage to the residential nearby (crack of wall cause by
vibration) or receive the complaint from the resident (disturbance of foreign
worker) during the construction period, how you solve the problem?
4. Who will be in charge for the project planning? What tool, method or software
are using for the planning process?
5. What is first consideration while you are doing planning?
6. Have you ever face any problem in your planning process?
7. Will the project manager or someone else revise the planning schedule that had
planned during the construction?
8. How do you handle uncertainty matters such as dispute and conflict?
9. If there is any delay on the project (weather problem), how do you handle it and
how will you do to keep up the progress?
10. Do you have any method of statement have summited? What it use for?

11. Do you have any preparation of the risk management :

a. if the design or work done are incompatible with the client wants
b. no enough capital and fund while the construction was just in half
c. - If the price was different and increase from you tendering due to the
inflation, what would you do to minimise the loss?
12. How you supervise and motivate your workers?
13. Have you fully utilize your resources in every project?

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