1. What is Satellite communication svstem? When it’s necessary or essential?

it is microwave, radio relay, line of sight comm. Link between two distant or scattered station.

⎧ Orbits height
⎪ Processing
⎪
⎪ Orbit shape
⎪ Inclination angle
2. Classification of satellites according to Services or application
⎨
⎪ ES transmit power and antenna size
⎪ Network topology or configuration
⎪ ES types
⎪
⎩ Coverage

a. Orbits height
i. Geosationary orbit GEO:
Satellite rotate on orbit at about 36000 km above the earth surface. The satellite’s speed at the
same speed as the rotational speed of the earth

ii. Medium Earth orbit sat. MEOS:

Satellite rotate on orbit at about 10000 : 15000 km above the earth surface

iii. Low Earth Orbit Sat. LEOS:

satellite rotate at on orbits at 500 : 1500 km above the earth surface

b. Processing
i. Bent pipe satellite:
satellite act as repeaters or radio relay. Sat. receives the up link signals amplifies it and
retransmitted it to the down link but there is no processing on abroad such as GlobalStar
system. Sat. structure is simple. It depends heavily on terrestrial infrastructure. It does not
provide global coverage

ii. OBP sat. :

there are on broad processing. Sat receives up link signals and reformats it in some way such
demodulation and decoding. Then, remodulation, recoding which allow signal recovery before
retransmission it in down link such as Iridium system.
c. Orbit shape and Inclination angle
inclination angle def:
it is the angle between equatorial plane and orbital plane

i. Orbit shape

ii. Inclination angle

Thus we have
1. Circular polar orbit
2. Circular polar orbit
3. Elliptical inclined orbit

d. Services or application
e. ES transmit power and antenna size
f. Network topology or configuration
g. ES types
h. Coverage