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Buckingham palace is the residence of British king and Queen A Curzon line is the polish-Russian frontier setup in 1945.
is in London. Dead line is the line or boundary of a military prison, which
10 Downing Street is the residence of British PM. prisoners are not allowed to cross.
Queen’s house is the official residence of Sri Lankan president. Green Line is a demarcation line between the Greek and
Turkish Cypriot communities.
Great Wall of China was built in the reign of Shih Huang-ti
Hindenburg line separates Germany from Poland.
Wakhan is a narrow strip of land, which separates Afghanistan
from Pakistan. Pak-Iran borderline was demarcated on 24th Sep: 1872.
Line of control is b/w Azad Kashmir & Occupied Kashmir.
Ten Largest Nations Mc Mohan line is the boundary line between India and China. It
By Area was demarcated in 1914.
1. Russia Radcliff line is the boundary between Pakistan and India. It was
2. Canada demarcated in 1947 by Sir Cyril Radcliff.
3. China 17th parallel line is the boundary line between North Vietnam
4. USA and the South Vietnam.
5. Brazil 24th parallel Line lies in Rann of Kutch. It is frontier between
6. Australia Pakistan and India.
7. India 38th Parallel line is the boundary between North and South
8. Argentina Korea.
9. Kazakhstan 49th Parallel Line is the boundary line between Canada and the
10. Sudan USA.
By Population Plimsoll Lime is a horizontal line on a merchant ship to which a
1. China ship the upper limit to which a ship may be legally loaded.
G.K arranged by MUSLIM ABBAS PITAFI 50
Dead line is a boundary line around a military prison which After Australia, Europe is the smallest continent.
prisoners are forbidden to cross. Sakhalin Islands enriched with oil reserves are claimed by
Durand line is 1300-mile long frontier b/w Pakistan & Russia & Japan.
Afghanistan demarcated in 1893-95. it has over 200 passes. Changa Manga is famous for sisham Timber forests.
Green line is a painted line in Nicosia (Cyprus) that serves as a The total length of railways in Pakistan is 8875 km.
demarcation line b/w Greek & Turkish Cypriot communities. Sialkot has the highest annual rainfall.
Maginot line is French line of fortification built in WWII along the The largest district of Punjab by area is Bahawalpurj.
German border form Switzerland to Belgium. It divides France Pakistan Environmental Protection Ordinance was enforced in
from Germany. 1984.
Maginot line divides France from Germany. Frost shattering kind of weather takes place on the valley side
Mannerheim line was defensive fortification line on the Karelian above the surface of a glacier.
Isthmus built by Finland against the Soviet Union. Monsoon wind reverses seasonlally.
Oder-neisse Line was boundary b/w Germany & Poland during Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty relating to
WWII. environmental problems.
Hazrat Baha-ud-Din Zaklariaya belongs to Chistia order.
IMPORTANT STREETS The longest river in South Asia is Brahmputra.
The length of river Indus is 2880 km.
Bond Street is located in London. It is famous for tailoring and The oldest Hydro-electric Project in Pakistan is in Malakand.
jewelry. The oldest barrage on the river Indus at Sukkur was built in
Dalal Street is located in Mumbai (India). It is the stock 1932.
exchange market of Mumbai. Europe has no desert.
Drowning Street No. 10 is located at Westminster (England). It Arabia, Scandinavia & Alaska are called Peninsula.
is famous for the official residence of the British Prime Minister.
The richest fishing ground in the world is North Eastern Asia.
It was named after Sir George Drowning, a diplomat under
When one place on the earth is on a bigger eastern longitude
Cromwell and King Charles II.
then its time will be ahead.
Elgin Street is located in Scotland. It is the world’s shortest
Arakan Yoma: is the extension of the Himalayas located in
street.
Myanmar.
Young Street is located in Toronto (Canada). It is the longest
Cardamom: Karnataka is the largest producer of cardamom.
street in the world.
India is the largest exporter of cardamom in the world.
Vicolo della virilita is the world’s narrowest street.
Climograph: is a graphical representation of the differentiation
Canal Street is the widest street in USA.
between various types of climate.
Broadway (USA) is famous for various theaters and cinema
Cosmic year: One cosmic year is equal to the time taken by
halls. It is regarded as biggest street in the world.
the sun to complete one orbit around the galactic centre.
Fleet Street is in London where newspaper offices and press
Date Line, International: International Date Line is an
agencies are located.
internationally agreed line drawn parallel to the 180° meridian. It
The busiest shopping centre of London is Oxford Street divides the Pacific Ocean into two equal parts. A crossing of the
Lombart Street is located in San Francisco. This street is also International Date Line entails repeating one day when
called the Crookedest Street. It is the financial centre in San travelling westwards.
Francisco. Aberdeen in Scotland is known for Britain’s largest granite-
Wall Street is located in New York. It was built in 1653. It is exporitng industry. It is knwn as Granite City.
famous for banking, finance and stock exchange market. Alexander (ship) is the name of the ship in which Charles
In which London Street is the US embassy- Grosvener Square. Darwin toured for five years.
Which of the following is a characteristic of sedimentary rocks?
GENERAL They are porous
When does the summer solstice occur in the Southern
The country, which provides free education at university level, is Hemisphere of our globe? 22nd December
Sri Lanka.
Mediterranean climate has the characteristic of ‘dry summers
The country to adopt gold standard for the first time was UK. with great sunshine and rainy winters’
Roman general Mark Anthony was a poor fisherman. Precipitation takes place whentemperature of moisture in air
6 people lost lives in the Great Fire of London in 1666. sharply decreases
Bofors scandal occurred in India. Which of the following processes is related to the formation of
First system of English short hand was devised in 1602. Himalayas? Folding
China is situated in Eastern part of Asia. The term ‘Eye’ in a cyclone refers to circular region of relatively
Afghanistan is a landlocked country Central Asia (Chk) light Winds
Bosnia-Herzegovina joined the UN on May 22, 1992. Gold Harp bridge of Istanbul connects Asia with Europe.
Capital of Micronesia is Palikir. 193 countries are in world.
Costa Rica is a Central American country. Land occupied by Asia 29.7 %.
Equator passes through Brazil. Thickness of earth crustes 20 miles.
G.K arranged by MUSLIM ABBAS PITAFI 51
Max height of cloud 20,000. Mars is named after the Roman god of war.
Rainfall is recorded on maps by Isohyets. Mars is called Red planet
45 Countries are there in Asia, 18 in Latin America. Mars is half the size of earth
A meteorological term for a high pressure is called anticyclone. Europa is a moon of Mars (chk:)
Mars contain atmosphere of carbondioxide
UNIVERSE Jupiter is largest, with largest number of satellites, smallest day,
Cheron is the moon of Pluto with a red spot. Moon = 63
Total number of satellites are 31 (chk: 50) Jupiter is 11(or 10) times larger than earth
Blue color of sky is due to Tyndal Effect Europa is the moon of Jupiter.
Our solar system contains 50 satelites CHIIRON is the larges comet in the universe.
Total planets in solar system are 8 Solar eclipse occurs at new moon
Distance of sun from earth is 150 million km = 1 a.u (angstrom Sun is 400 times larger than moon
unit) Lunar eclipse occurs at full moon.
Moon from earth is 385,000 km Halos around the moon are formed because of the
Outer surface of sum is called photosphere phenomenon of (optical phenomena)
Sun has 90% hydrogen, 8% helium and 2% other elements. Jupiter is the fastest planet of the solar system
Temperature at surface of sun is 6000K and at its center 20 The Asteroid Belt is found between which of the following
million K planets? Mars and Jupiter
Venus reflects highest percentage of light The visible part of the Sun is called Photosphere
Morning star is called to Venus. Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun.
Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise Mercury and Venus are without Satellites.
Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of Saturn. The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly.
Speed of earth in orbit around sun is 8.5 miles per second. The earth is calculated to b 4540 million years old.
The only planet which rotates on its axis from East to West is A ‘shooting star’ is a meteor.
Uranus At 7050 km per hour, Sun rotate on its axis.
Uranus is called lopsided planet 510 million square kilometers is the total surface area of the
Uranus contain atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium earth.
Period of rotation of earth on axis is 1 day or 23 hrs, 56 minutes The northern polar lights are called Aurorae Borealis, and
& 4.09 seconds. southern polar lights are called Aurorae Australis.
Period of revolution of Earth around Sun is 356 days, 6 hrs, 9 The pulsating universe theory explains the evolution of
minutes & 9.54 seconds. universe.
Volume of Earth is 260 billion cubic miles. 760 miles/hr is the speed of sound.
Weight of earth is 6586x10 power 18 tons 1480, 00,000 km is the distance from sun to earth.
Rings of Saturn were discovered by Galileo in 1610 Temperature of Sun is 6000 degree C.
Titan, the largest moon in solar system is of Saturn Saturn is least dense moon = 56
Triton is a satellite of Neptune Saturn is the second largest planet.
Planet referred as Morning Star and Evening Star is Venus Planet with maximum number of moons is Saturn
Venus’ atmosphere is 90 times thicker than earth’s. Planet with ring is Saturn
The temperature of Venus’ surface is about 430 deg: C Uranus moon = 12, Uranus gives greenish glow
Biggest Comet known to man is kohoutek Neptune is the coldest, slowest, largest year
Only planet whose day is longer than its year is Venus Neptune has 8 moons.
Brightest visible star is Sirus Rank of earth as per size is Fifth
Star nearest to earth is Sun Revolution period of earth is 365.25 days
Atmosphere of sun has 3 layers In a leap year there are 29 days in Febrary
Sun spots are the cooler areas of sun Earth is older than moon
In 28 days moon returns to the same position in its orbit Sun light takes 8.3 min to reach earth or 510 seconds
The light coming from stars give the idea of their temperature. Time required to moon light to reach earth is 1.3 seconds
A light year is equal to 9.46 trillion km Light can circle earth 7 times in a second.
Sun radiated energy equal to 10 trillion of TNT explosion Sun is 109 times bigger than earth.
Mercury is nearest to the sun, smallest and fastest planet, with Light travels fastest in vaccum
shortest rotation time. Moon = 0 Rhea is the fifth natural satellite of saturn
Venus is the brightest, hottest, closest to earth and earth’s twin Coldest, smallest and farthest planet Neptune
in size and mass, has largest quantity of CO2 Moon = 0 Asteroids are small planets revolving round the sun
Earth is most dense, watery, bios planet. Moon = 1 Sun is the brightest star in the universe
This is an instrument used for measuring the altitude of a A shooting star is called a meteor
celestial body: sextant Our galaxy is spiral known as Milky Way
Mars moon = 2- Phobos and Deimos Shape of our milky way is spiral
G.K arranged by MUSLIM ABBAS PITAFI 52
The milky way extends through the distance of 10 power 5 light Speed of light is 3,00,000 km/sec
years Which planet is named after the Roman god of war? Mars
Super Nova is a dying star Galaxies are the families of stars.
Nearest spiral galaxy to Milky Way is Andromeda galaxy About 80% of galaxies are elliptical and other are spiral
Nearest start to our sun is Alpha Centauri Elliptical galaxies contain very little gas and dust and hardly any
Biggest star in our galaxy is Proxima Centauri new stars are born in them.
A collection of galaxies is called cluster Spiral galaxies are disk shaped and usually have clouds of dust
Moon is 81 times lighter than earth and gas where new stars are born.
Moon has 7% reflection as compared to earth (i.e poor Light travels at 3,00,000 km/s. the speed at which you can
reflection) round the world seven times in very second.
Moon has 1/6th gravitation as that of earth Light takes 8 minutes to reach the earth from sun.
Moon’s 59% surface is visible from earth In space light travels 9461 million million km in a year.
Mass of moon is 1/8th to that of the earth Astronomers call this distance a light-year.
Moon has no atmosphere Two planets Earth’s could fit side by side inside the Great Red
Sun is closer to earth in January Spot of Jupiter.
At perihelion, earth is nearest tosun Jupiter’s volcanic moon is called IO and other moons are
Earth’s axis is inclined at an angle of 66 ½ deg: to the plane of Europa, Ganymede and Callisto.
its orbit around the sun or the axis is inclined at 23 ½ deg: from Ganymede is the largest moon in the solar system.
the vertical. Europa is the moon of Jupiter
Soros cycle is the largest interval between two total solar The moon has no atmosphere because its gravitational pull is
eclipses about 18 years not strong enough to hold an atmosphere
Sun has 27 day rotation period Chondrite meteorites are the oldest rocks in the solar system.
Moon’s rotation period is equal to the Earth’s Venus is the only planet that rotates clockwise.
Rotation period of earth is 23hrs, 56min, 4sec ‘Galileo Satellites’, named after their discoverer, are four large
Earth rotates around on axis pointing towards the Polar Star moons of the planet
Revolution period is 365 ¼ days = 365.25 days, ¼ is added for Mars contain atmosphere of Carbon dioxide and Uranus contain
leap year atmosphere of Hydrogen and Helium.
Duration of day at poles is 6 months. Venus is about the same size as Earth.
Equinox means equal days and nights Venus’s atmosphere is 90 times thicker than our. It traps so well
Sun’s energy is called Insulation that the temperature of Venus’s surface is about 430 degree
The visible yellow face of sun is called Photosphere centigrade.
The gravity of sun is 28 times greater than that of earth Closest star is (Gienah) 680,000 million, million, kilometers.
Moon completes 13 circles in a year around earth Nicolous Copernicus (1473-1543) was born in Poland. He was
Sun is 13 x 10 power 5 times larger than earth the first to explain the solar system.
Maximum duration of solar eclipse is 7 min 40 sec Chiron is one of several distant asteroids with orbits between
Sun reaches its maximum angular distance from Equator at Jupiter and Uranus.
Solistice In the Solar system there are 2 Mount Olympus's Greece and
Millions of asteroids orbit the sun in the asteroid belt between where-Mars
Mars and Jupiter What is the brightest star always in the Northern sky-Vega
Asteroids (minor planets) are make of rock, metal or a mixture The most common element in the universe is Nitrogen.
of both. Hydra is the largest of the 88 constellations found in the
First asteroid discovered was Ceres by Italian astronomer universe. It covers about 3.16 % of the entire sky.
Guiseppe Piazzi in 1801. The M-class supergiant Betelgease with a diametre of 700
Ceres is the largest asteroid million kms is the largest star of the universe. It is about 500
Chiron is one of several distant asteroids which orbit between times greater than the sun.
Jupiter and Uranus What is the common name for the star Sirius: Dog Star
The largest crater on the surface of moon is called to Bailly. Pluto (the Planet) was almost called what name-Zeus
Corona is the outer most halo of the Sun. When a satellite is closest to Earth its position is called Perigee
Comet is made of ice and dust 30 km/s is the approximate mean velocity with which earth
Edmond Halley was the first to calculate the path of a comet moves round the Sun in its orbit.
and predict when it would be seen again. The earth’s reflectivity of solar radiation is termed as albedo.
Halley’s comet was named in his honor though he did not Joseph von Fraunhofer was the first to explain the presence of
discover it. dark lines in the sun’s spectrum.
The patterns in stars are called constellations. Light of sun reaches the earth in 499 seconds
In 1930, astronomers finally agreed how to divide the whole sky Hale-Bopp comet was the most distant comet ever discovered
into 88 areas, which are called constellations. which became visible in December 1996.
Closest star is Gienah What is the name of the largest moon of Jupiter-Ganymede