Questions:

(1) refers to the ability of concrete to resist deterioration from the environment or service in which it is
placed.

 Durability

(2-3) CAUSES OF DURABILITY:

 Physical Durability
 Chemical Durability

(4-5) Tests for Aggregates

 Bulk Density
 Relative Density (Specific Gravity)

(6) Range of value of Specific gravity of natural aggregates.

 2.4-2.9

(7-10) Conditions of Aggregates

 Oven dry
 Air dry
 Saturated surface dry (SSD)
 Damp or wet