DIHYBRID

By :
Name : Wahdini Hanifah
Student ID : B1B017015
Group :V
Subgroup :D
Asisstant : Dini Rizki Pertiwi

GENETIC PRACTICAL REPORT

MINISTRY OF RESEARCH, TECHNOLOGY, AND HIGH EDUCATION

JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN UNIVERSITY
BIOLOGY FACULTY
PURWOKERTO
2018
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

A. Result

Table 1. Acquisition of F2 Dihybrid Flies

Phentotype
O (Result) E (Expected) d = (O-E)2 d2/E
Classes

Wild type 0 0 0 0

Ebony 0 0 0 0

Taxy 0 0 0 0

Taxy-Ebony 0 0 0 0

Total 0

Chi-Square Test Calculation Results :

Xtable = 7,81
X2hit ≤ Xtable : accepted
X2hit > Xtable : rejected
Result :
0
B. Discussion

Dihybrid cross is the inheritance of two individual by two genes that are located on
two different chromosomes. Thus Mendel concluded that members of a pair of genes
separated freely (meaning they did not influence each other) when meiosis took place
during the formation of gametes. And this is formulated in Mendel Law II, namely the
"law of independent assortment of genes" or the law of grouping genes freely. (Suryo,
1994).
Deviations in dihybrid crosses are epistasis and gene interactions. Epistasis is the
closure of non allelic gene expression. Epistasis is divided into 6, namely recessive
epistasis, dominant epistasis, multiple recessive epistasis, dual dominant epistasis,
recessive dominant epistasis and duplicate epistasis genes with cumulative effects. In
the dominant epistasis the dominant gene is covered by a non-allelic gene, for example
in the color of the fruit of Cucurbita pepo with a phenotype ratio of 2: 3: 1. Whereas
the recessive epistasis of the recessive gene is covered by a gene that is not allelic with
a phenotype ratio of 9: 3: 4. An example for double recessive epistasis is inheritance
of HCN content in trifolium repens with a phenotype ratio of 9: 7. The form of capsela
is an example of a dual dominant epistasis with a phenotype ratio of 15: 1. While the
color of the chucken race feathers is an example of a recessive dominant epistasis with
a phenotype ratio of 13: 3. Gene interaction is the interaction of non allelic genes in
generating a phenotype, for example inheritance in chicken combs (Campbell et al.,
2016).
In this laboratory activity, the preparat that we used are ebony flies and taxy flies.
Ebony has a dark colour of the body, has a mutation on chromosome number 3 (body
chromosome) , locus 70,7 cM. Taxy has wings that are always opened and mutation
on chromosome number 3 (body chromosome), locus 91 cM. So, the reason for using
ebony type flies and taxy type flies in this dihybrid laboratory activity is based on the
two different characteristic of both flies, there are body colour and shape of wings.
Dihybrid crossing of taxy type flies and ebony type flies are :
P1 EEtt x eeTT
(Taxy type) (Ebony type)
G EE ee

F1 EeTt
F1 EeTt x EeTt

F2 EETT : EETt : EeTT : EeTt : EETt : Eett : EeTt : Eett : EeTT : EetT : eeTT :
eetT : EeTt : Eett :eeTt : eett
F2 Rasio : 9:3 :3:1

♀/♂ ET Et eT et
ET EETT EETt EeTT EeTt
Et EETt Eett EetT Eett
eT EeTT EeTt eeTT eeTt
et EeTt Eett eetT eett

The dihybrid crossing did not get the Chi Square test results because the
derivative results obtained were 0. The factors that caused failure in the hybrid crosses
was contaminated media which caused dead flies and the release of parents produced
from culture bottle also affected the success of dihybrid crosses.
 REFERENCE

Campbell, N. A., Reece, J. B, Urry, L. A, Cain, M. L, Wasserman, S. A, Minorsky,

P. V., 2016. Biologi 11th edition. Jakarta. Penerbit Erlangga
Suryo., 1994. Genetika Strata 1. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University