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EXPERIMENT #1
APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL CONCEPTS IN THE DETERMINATION OF
WEIGHT VARIATION IN SAMPLES
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS:
1. In the experiment, what is considered the “population” and the “sample”? What is the
principal goal of sampling, in general (10 pts)?
The population is the set of all new series 25- centavo coins and the sample is the set of 10
randomly selected new series 25-centavo coins.
3. Discuss on an organized manner the applicability and limitations of the different statistical
parameters in assessing accuracy and precision (20 pts)?
STATISTICAL PARAMETER SIGNIFICANCE LIMITATION
Absolute Error (accuracy) Refers to amount of
physical error in a
measurement2
Relative Error (accuracy) Gives an indication of how
good a measurement is
relative to the
size of the thing being
measured2
Variance (precision) Represents the spread of
the repeated
measurements either side
of the mean3 Outliers skew the results
Standard Deviation Similar to variance but
(precision) already has the same
units as the
measurement3
Relative Standard Dev.
(precision) (expressed in
ppt) The ratio of the standard
Relies on standard dev.
Coefficient of Variation deviation to the mean4.
(precision) (expressed in
%)
Pooled Standard Dev. used to calculate Relies on standard dev.
(precision) reproducibility5
Range (precision) Gives a value for the
difference of the highest
measurement and the
lowest measurement4
Relative Range (precision) Ratio of range to the mean
4. Elaborate on the confidence interval, its purpose, and the effect of factors on its range (10
pts).
The confidence interval estimates a range of values where an unknown population
parameter is likely to be found6. Based on the formula for confidence interval, we can
conclude that the bigger the sample/population, the smaller the distance between the
computed lower value and the computed higher value.
6. Which between Data Set 1 and 2 is more accurate? Precise? Expound (10 pts).
Based on the standard deviation and its definition, Data Set 2 is more precise. The new
series 25-centavo coin weighs 3.60g8. Through this information, we can conclude that Data
Set 2 is more accurate because the average weight of those in Data Set 2 is closer to the
official weight stated by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.