Assets and Liabilities

PSAK
 Our team:
Alvin - 1606823802
Andito Danisworo S. - 1606886330
Mahendra Hunarko P. - 1606910891
Vania Setiawan - 1606910986

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 OUTLINE :

1. PPE
2. INTANGIBLE ASSET
3. LEASING

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1. Property, plant and
equipment (PPE)

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 Scope of PSAK

All fixed asset, except:

✘ Fixed Asset that is for sale (not for operation)
✘ Biological Asset
✘ Asset for exploration and evaluation for
mineral resources
✘ Rights to mineral or mining of non-renewable
resources

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Definition
Aset tetap adalah aset berwujud yang: (par 6)
1. Dimiliki untuk digunakan dalam produksi atau
penyediaan barang atau jasa, untuk direntalkan kepada
pihak lain, atau untuk tujuan administratif; dan
2. Diharapkan digunakan selama lebih dari satu periode.

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Recognition
Biaya perolehan aset tetap harus diakui sebagai aset jika
dan hanya jika : (par 7)
1. Besar kemungkinan manfaat ekonomis di masa depan
berkenaan dengan aset tersebut akan mengalir ke entitas
2. Biaya perolehan aset dapat diukur secara andal.

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 Acquisition Cost

✗ All costs that have future economic

benefit
✗ Other parts/assets that makes another
asset have a future economic benefit
e.g. part of machines in factory that
helps the machine complies with
industrial waste regulation

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 Measurement at Recognition

At acquisition cost:
✗ Acquisition price, including taxes and
duties that cannot be credited, less
discount
✗ Transporting cost for the asset
✗ Estimation of removal and restoration of
location cost

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 Measurement of Acq. Cost

✗ Less discount
✗ Future payment → only at cash
payment
✗ Exchange of asset → fair value unless no
economic substance or no reliable FV
✗ Lump-sum → prorated based on FV
✗ Issue stocks → FV of stocks/asset
✗ Donation from govt → no recognition
10 until entity is sure
 Subsequent Measurement

Cost Model Revaluation Model

Depreciating and impairing Measures the fair value less
the asset → more stable depreciation and
value (always decreasing) impairment at the end of
period → results in more
relevant, but maybe
irregularities in value

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Depreciation

Systematic allocation of depreciable

amount of an asset over its useful life

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 Depreciation

✘ Part of fixed asset with significant acq. Cost

can be depreciated separately
✘ Depreciation expense will be part of income
statement
✘ Depreciation starts when asset is ready to use
(regardless of actually used or not)
✘ Depreciation ends when it is classified as for
sale or no longer recognized by entity
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 Depreciation
✘ Residual value and useful life must be
reviewed at least every end of recording year
✘ Depreciation method must reflect actual use
of future economic benefit of an asset
✗ Straight-line
✗ Declining method
✗ Unit of Production

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 Impairment (PSAK 48)

✘ Asset can be impaired when book value is

higher than recoverable amount
✘ Recoverable amount is the higher between
FV less cost to sell and the Present Value of
Value in Use
✘ Impairment is reviewed every end of
reporting period
✘ Impairment can be reversed
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 End of Recognition

✘ Entity ends a recognition of fixed asset when

it is let go or there is no future economic
benefit left from the asset
✘ Gains or losses from removal of fixed assets
must be included in income statement
✘ To remove a fixed asset, and entity can:
✗ Throw away the aseet
✗ Sell the asset
✗ Exchange with similar asset
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2. INTANGIBLE ASSET

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 Definition
Aset tak berwujud → aset nonmoneter teridentifikasi tanpa wujud fisik
(PSAK 19.3)

Amortisasi → alokasi sistematis jumlah tersusutkan aset tak bewujud

selama umur manfaatnya

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 Recognition
(21) Aset tak berwujud diakui jika, dan hanya jika

● Kemungkinan besar entitas akan memperoleh manfaat ekonomik masa depan dari aset tersebut; dan
● Biaya perolehan aset tersebut dapat diukur secara andal.

(22) Dalam menilai kemungkinan adanya manfaat ekonomik masa depan, entitas menggunakan asumsi
rasional dan dapat dipertanggungjawabkan yang merepresentasikan estimasi terbaik manajemen atas kondisi
ekonomi yang berlaku sepanjang umur manfaat aset tersebut

(24) Aset takberwujud pada awalnya diakui sebesar biaya perolehan.

Biaya Perolehan
Harga beli + biaya yang diatribusikan secara langsung

Harga beli → bea masuk dan pajak pembelian yang tidak dapat
direstitusi setelah dikurangi diskon dan rabat

Biaya → biaya imbalan kerja, fee profesional, biaya testing

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 Recognation

✘ Akuisisi sebagai bagian dari Kombinasi bisnis

→ FV asset on date of acquisition
✘ Acquisition govt. Grant → nominal value
(PSAK 61)
✘ Trade of asset → FV
✘ Goodwill

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 Non Recognition

✘ Goodwill from internal

✘ Research stage
✘ Development stage except fulfill 6 condition

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 Expenses Recognition

✘ Pengeluaran atas aset takberwujud diakui sebagai beban pada

saat terjadinya, kecuali :
Sebagai bagian dari biaya perolehan aset tak berwujud yang
memenuhi kriteria pengakuan dan diperoleh dari kombinasi
bisnis dan tidak dapat diakui sebagai aset takberwujud.
✘ Beban masa lalu tidak boleh diakui sebagai aset

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 Cost Model

Acquisition cost - acc. Amortization - acc. Loss

impairment

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 Revaluation Model

FV date revaluation - acc. Amortization - acc.

Loss impairment

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 Amortization

✘ Allocate systematically according useful life

✘ Type → straight line, declining, unit of
production
✘ Residual value = 0
✘ For intangible asset with limitation useful life.

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 End of Recognation

✘ Dilepas
✘ Ketika tidak terdapat lagi manfaat ekonomik
masa depan yang diperkirakan dari
penggunaan atau pelepasannya.

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3. LEASING
PSAK 73

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Identifying Leases (Paragraf 09–11 dan PP09–PP31)
DE PSAK 73 : Sewa paragraf 9 → … Suatu kontrak merupakan, atau mengandung, sewa jika kontrak
tersebut memberikan hak untuk mengendalikan penggunaan aset identifikasian selama suatu jangka
waktu untuk dipertukarkan dengan imbalan…

ASSET
IDENTIFICATION
yes
BENEFITS OF USE OF
ASSETS BY THE LESSEE CONTRACTS
the right
to control yes DO NOT
LESSE HAS CONTROL
FOR THE ASSETS CONTAIN RENT
yes
CONTRACTS CONTAIN
RENT
 SEPARATE CONTRACT COMPONENTS
(Paragraf 12–17 dan PP32–PP33)
LEASES/ SERVICE
CONTROLLING RENT
direct use and substantially
benefit from use of assets
CUSTOMER SUPPLIER

If a contract contains leases and also services, then the lessee:

✘ Separate rental and non-rent components;
✘ Allocate rewards using Relative prices (or by using estimates);
✘ OPTIONS: Use practical methods (paragraph 15) to be recorded as
a single lease component.
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 RENT PERIOD
(Paragraf 18–21 dan PP34–PP41)
Economic incentives factor:
The irrevocable period and ● Contractual terms and
also the period covered by conditions compared to
the option to: market prices
● Repair of significant
If it is reasonably rental assets
certain PP37 – PP40 ● Costs related to
1. Execute the extend
termination of rent
lease option; Other factors:
2. Do not execute the ● Interaction with other
option to terminate the contract terms
lease ● Practice the past
● The period of
irrevocable periods
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LESSEE ACCOUNTING (Paragraf 22–60)
Preliminary Measurement - Rights-Use Assets

Rights-Use
Assets

Estimated Cost
Lease Initial Direct Rental
Prepaid Rent of Demolition
Liabilities Cost and Restoration Incentives
LESSEE ACCOUNTING
Preliminary Measurement - Lease Liabilities
Present Value of
Lease Present Value of Expectation
Liabilities Rent Payment Payment at the
end of the Lease

RENT DISCOUNT
RENT PERIOD
PAYMENT LEVEL
 RENT DISCOUNT
RENT PERIOD
PAYMENT LEVEL
Non-cancellable
Periods : ● Fixed payment
1. Execute the extend ● Variable payments based on “JIKA DAPAT
lease option index or interest rates DITENTUKAN”
2. Do not execute the ● Estimated guarantee for Implicit interest rates in rent.
option to terminate residual value OR
the lease “JIKA CUKUP PASTI” “JIKA TIDAK DAPAT
“JIKA CUKUP PASTI” ● Execution price for buy option DITENTUKAN”
● Penalty for ending the rental Incremental loan rates
SUBSEQUENT MEASUREMENT (Paragraf
29–43)
1. Penyusutan sesuai PSAK 16: Aset Tetap
Aset Hak-Guna 2. Periode penyusutan: mana yang lebih pendek antara masa sewa dan
(model biaya) umur manfaat
3. Uji penurunan nilai sesuai PSAK 48: Penurunan Nilai Aset

Aset Hak-Guna 1. Model revaluasi sesuai PSAK 16: Aset Tetap

2. Model nilai wajar sesuai PSAK 13: Properti Investasi
(model alternatif)

Liabilitas Sewa Amortized costs using effective interest method

REPORTING/ PRESENTATION (Paragraf
47–60)
Financial Position Report Other Income Statement and Statement of Cash Flow
Comprehensive Income

Right-of-use assets separately Interest expense on lease liabilities Cash payments for the principal
from other assets (or in the same (component of funding costs) portion of the financing activity
post for similar underlying assets) lease obligation

Leases liabilities Depreciation expense of Cash payments for the interest

right-of-use assets portion of the lease liability are
consistent with the presentation of
other interest payments

Payment of short-term leases,

payment of leases for low-value
assets, and payment of lease
variables that are not included in
the measurement of operating
lease liabilities

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 DISCLOSURE
The entity is required to provide information that enables financial statement users to be
able to assess the impact of the lease on the financial position, financial performance and
cash flow of the tenant.
Disclosure requirements (quantitative):
1. Depreciation expense for usufructuary assets
2. Interest on lease liabilities Analisis jatuh tempo
3. Expenses related to short-term leases liabilitas sewa
4. Expenses related to leasing of low-value assets sesuai PSAK 60
5. Expenses related to variable lease payments that are not included secara terpisah dari
in measuring lease liabilities analisis jatuh tempo
6. Income from subsidizing usufructuary assets liabilitas keuangan
7. Total cash outflows for rent lain
8. Additional usufructuary assets
9. Advantages or disadvantages of sale and leaseback transactions
10. The carrying amount of the usufructuary assets at the end of the
reporting period based on the base asset class
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LESSOR ACCOUNTING (Paragraph 61–97)
Preliminary Measurement - Rights-Use Assets
Finance
Lease

yes

Inception Rent Classification test

transfer substantially all the
risks and benefits associated
Date with ownership of the assets

no

Operating
Lease
LESSOR ACCOUNTING - FINANCIAL LEASE MEASUREMENT
1. Using same amount as net investment in the lease
Initial 2. Using implicit interest if known
Measurement 3. Lease payments included in the measurement of net investment in rent
include the payment of the right to use the asset during the lease period
that has not been received
Subsequent 1. Recognizes financial income throughout the lease
term,
measurement 2. If there is a reduction in the residual value that is
not guaranteed to be estimated, lessor revises the
allocation of income during the lease period and
immediately recognizes any reduction in the
amount owed.
LESSOR ACCOUNTING - FINANCIAL LEASE
MEASUREMENT

1. recognize lease payments from operating leases as income on a straight-line

basis or other systematic basis.
2. recognize costs, including depreciation, which arise in obtaining rental income
as a burden.
3. adds the initial direct costs incurred in obtaining an operating lease to the
carrying amount of the assets and recognizes these costs as an expense
throughout the lease period
LESSOR ACCOUNTING - Disclosure
Disclosure for Finance Lease: Disclosure for Operating Lease:
1. Provides a qualitative and
quantitative explanation of 1. analysis of the maturity of lease
significant change payments
2. analysis of the maturity of the 2. Disclose other income related to
lease payments variable lease payment
3. Total sales profit or loss, financial 3. Types of lease and how to
income, and other related manage the risks
income (in table format)
4. Types of lease and how to
manage the risks
Sale-and-Leaseback
Seller - Transfer asset
Buyer -
Lessee Lease asset
Lessor
Does asset
transfer fulfill
the conditions
Yes No
in PSAK 72?
(Pendapatan
Leasing dari Kontrak Financing
(PSAK 73) Pelanggan)
(PSAK 71)
THANKYOU!
Any questions?

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