Trains PDF

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Trains
Rule 1 [Clerical Grade Exam, 1989|

a) 40 km/hr b) 43.2 km/hr
Theorem: When train passes a telegraph post or a station-
ary man it should travel the length equal to the length of c) 45 km/hr d) None of these
the train. 8. A train crosses a platform in 60 seconds at a speed of 45
km/hr. How much time will it take to cross an electric pole
Illustrative Example if the length of the platform is 100 metres?
Ex.: How many seconds will a train 100 metres long run- [Bank PO Exam, 1990]
ning at the rate of 36 km an hour take to pass a certain a) 8 seconds b) 1 minute
telegraph post? c) 52 seconds d) None of these
Soln: In passing the post the train must travel its own 9. A train 110 metres long travels at 60 km/hr. How long
length. does it take to cross a telegraph post?
a) 6 sec b) 5.6 sec c) 6.6 sec d) 6.8 sec
Now, 36 km/hr = 36 x — = 10 m/sec
1 o< Answers
1 0 0 ^ 1. b
.-. required time = - seconds 5 25
l W
2. c; Hint: Speed = 30 km/hr = 30x — = — m/sec
lo 3
Exercise 25 27 225
I. How long will a train 130 m long travelling at 40 km an Length of the train = — — x :
2 u 4 m
hour, take to pass a kilometre stone? 36x5
a) 12 sec b) 11.7 sec c) 11.2 sec d) 11 sec 3. a; Hint: Speed of the train = 36 km/hr = -10 m/sec
18
2 A train travelling at 30 km an hour took i3— sees in 110
required time : 11 sec
passing a certain point. Find the length of the train. 10 '
a)113m b)112m c)112.5m d)Noneofthese 4. a 5,d
3. A train 110 m in length runs through a station at the rate 160 18 „
of 36 km per hour. How long will it take to pass a given 6. c; Hint: Speed of the train = "7r* ~"T x km/hr
point? 18 5
a) 11 sec b) 12 sec c) 13 sec d) 15 sec 7. b
4 A train 135m long is running with a speed of 54 km per 8. c; Hint: Distance covered by the train in crossing the plat-
hour. In what time will it pass a telegraph post? ' 45x60 "| 3
a) 9 sec b) 12 sec c)8sec d)6sec form= * * n n km= — km=750m
^ 3600 4
5. A train 550 metres long is running with a speed of 55 km .-. Length of train = (750 -100) m = 650 metres
per hour. In what time will it pass a signal post?
a) 30 sec b) 24 sec c) 42 sec d) 36 sec 750"
:. Time taken to cross the pole = 650 -=-
6. A train 160 metres long passes a standing man in 18 60 , sec
seconds. What is the speed of the train?
a) 28 km/hr b) 36 km/hr c) 32 km/hr d) None ofthese 60
650 x sec = 52 sec
7. A train 120 m long, crosses a pole in 10 seconds. The 750
speed of the train is: 9.c
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458 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS
Rule 2 seconds. The speed of the train in m/sec is

Theorem: When a train passes a platform or crosses a bridge [Railways, 1989|
it should travel the length equal to the sum ofthe lengths of a) 150 b)50 c)10 d) 15
train and platform or bridge both. 11. A train 700 m long, is running at the speed of 72 km/hr. I f
it crosses a tunnel in 1 minute, then the length of the
Illustrative Example tunnel (in metres) is [NDA Exam, 1990]
Ex.: How long does a train 110 metres long running at the a) 700 b)600 c)550 d)500
rate of 36 km/hr take to cross a bridge 132 metres in 12. A train 110m long travels at 60 km/hr. How long does it
length? take to cross a platform 240 metres long?
Soln: In crossing the bridge the train must travel its own a) 21 sec b) 20 sec c) 18 sec d) 24 sec
length plus the length of the bridge. 13. A train with 90 km/hr crosses a bridge in 36 seconds.
Another train 100 m shorter crosses the same bridge at
Now,36km/hr= 3 6 x T^ : 10 m/sec 45 km/hr. Find the time taken by the second train to cross
1O
the bridge.
242 a) 64 sec b) 60 sec .) 72 sec d) 1 hr
.-. required time = rr— = 24.2 seconds.
Answers
Exercise
2. d; Hint: Speed of the train=45 km/hr
1. How long will a train 60 m long travelling at 40 km an
hour, take to pass through a station whose platform is 90 as 25
5
m long? = 18 = Y °
a) 14 sec b) 13.5 sec c) 14.5 sec d) None of these Let the length of the bridge be x m
2 Find the length of a bridge, which a train 130 long, trav-
elling at 45 km an hour, can cross in 30 sees, -130
or, 30
a) 240 m b)235m c)250m d)245m 25
3. A column of men, extending 250 m in length takes one 2
hour to march through a street at the rate of 50 paces a or,x+ 130'= 15x25 x = 375-130 = 245 m
minute, each pace being 75 cm. Find the length of the
street. 50x75 5
3. a; Hint: Speed of the train = , ^ m/sec = - m/sec
a)2km b)lkm c) 1.5 km d)2.5km 100x60 8
4. It is noticed that exactly half a minute elapses between Let length of the street be x m.
the time when the engine of a train 50 m long enters a
tunnel 500 m long and the time when the last carriage of x + 250 60x60x5
= 2250 m
the train leaves the tunnel. Find at how many km per 8
hour the train is travelling?
a) 66 km/hr b) 55 km/hr c) 64 km/hr d) None of these .-.x = 2000 m=2km
5. A train 540 m long is running with a speed of 72 km/hr. In
what time will it pass a tunnel 160 m long? 50 + 500 55
a) 40 sec b) 30 sec c) 35 sec d) 42 sec 4. a; Hint: Speed of the train = —yo~~ ~ ~3~ m / ' s e c
6. A train 200 m long is running with a speed of 72 km/hr. In

_ 55 18
what time will it pass a platform 160 m long?
- — — =66 km/hr
x
a) 18 sec b) 21 sec c) 15 sec d) 20 sec
7. A train 240 m long passes a bridge 120 m long in 24 sec. 5. c; Hint: Speed of the train = 72 km/hr
Find the speed with which the train is moving.
a)45 km/hr b)54 km/hr c)36km/hr d)42km/hr ^ x I g I m/sec = 20 m/sec
8. A train 150 m long passes a telegraph post in 12 sec-
onds. Find, in what time, it will pass a bridge 250 m long? Sum of the lengths of the train and tunnel = (540 -
a) 32 sec b) 36 sec c) 25 sec d) 24 sec 160)m=700m
9. A train 280 m long is moving at a speed of 60 km/hr. The .-. Time taken to pass the tunnel
time taken by the train to cross a platform 220 m long is = Time taken to cover 700 m at 20 m/sec
[RRB Exam, 1989]
700")
2Q I sec = 35 sec
10. A train 50 m long passes a platform 100 m long in 10
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?rains
•}. a tively are running in opposite directions, one at the

rate of 40 km and the other at the rate of 32 km an hbur.
240 + 120
"b; Hint: Speed » m/sec = 54 km/hr In what time will they be completely clear of each
24 other from the moment they meet?
Soln: As the two trains are moving in opposite directions
150 their relative speed = 40 + 32 = 72 km/hr, i.e. they are
S. a; Hint: Speed of the train = m/sec
12 approaching each other at 72 km/hr or 20 m/sec.
Time taken to cross the bridge .-. the required time
Total length 121+99
(l50 + 250)x — = 11
32 sec Relative speed 20 sees.
v 150 7
§.c 10. d Exercise

11. d; Hint: Let the length of tunnel be x metres. 1. A train 110 metres in length travels at 60 km/hr. In what
time will it pass a man who is walking against the train at
Speed of train = (j^ y£j
X m/sec = 20 m/sec 6 km a hoar?
Time taken by the train to cover (700 + x) m ,1

a) ' j seconds b) 6 seconds
'700 + x N
, 20 sec
=
c) 6 y seconds d) Data inadequate
700 + x 2. Two trains 70 m and 80 m long respectively, run at the
= 60 => x = 500
20 rates of 68 and 40 km an hour respectively on parallel
Ha rails in opposite directions. How long do they take to
pass each other?
113. a; Hint: Speed of the first train = 90 km/hr
^a) 5 seconds b) 10 seconds
90x5 . 25 m/sec
:
c) 12 seconds d) 6 seconds
18 3. Two trains 132 metres and 108 metres in length are run-
Let the length of the bridge be x m and that of the ning towards each other on parallel lines, one at the rate
train be ym. of 32 km/hr and another at 40 km/hr. In what time will
.-. x + v = 25x36 = 900....(i) they be clear of each other from the moment they meet?
Again, a) 12 sec b)9sec
Speed of the second train = 45 km/hr c) 15 sec 3) Data inadequate
45x5 25 .A
18 2 m/sec 4. A train 100 metres long takes ~ seconds to cross a
1
.-. time taken by the second train to cross the bridge man walking at the rate of 5 krn/hr in a direction opposite
to that of the train. Find the speed of the train,
•_ (s-100)+y _ (x + y-100)2
a) 54 km/hr b) 45 km/hr c) 42 km/hr d) 36 km/hr
25 ~ 25
5. A train 135 metres long is running with a speed of 49 km
2 per hour. In what time will it pass a man who is walking at
Now, putting the value of (x + y) from eqn (i) we 5 km/hr in the direction opposite to that of the train?
have a) 9 sec b) 12 sec c) 15 sec d) 18 sec
6. Two trains 127 metres and 113 metres in length respec-
(900-100)2 _ 800x2 _
= 64 sec tively are running in opposite directions, one at the rate
25 25 of 46 km/hr and another at the rate of 26 km per hour. In
[Note: Also see Rule 36] what time will they be clear of each other from the mo-
ment they meet?
Rule 3 a) 17 sec b) 12 sec
srem: When two trains are moving in opposite direc- c) 14 sec d) None of these
r their speeds should be added tofind the relative speed. A train 270 metres long is moving at aspeed of 25 km/hr.
strative Example It will cross a man comingfromthe opposite direction at
Two trains 121 metres and 99 metres in length respec- a speed of 2 km/hr in
a) 36 seconds b) 32 seconds
c) 28 seconds d) 24 seconds
8. A train 150 metres long crosses a man walking at a speed - I 72 x — | /sec = 20 m/sec
m
of 6 km/hr in the opposite direction in 6 seconds. The Sum of lengths of the trains = (132 + 108) m = 240 m
speed of the train is Time taken by the trains in passing each other
9. A train of length 150 metres, takes 10 seconds to pass 240
sec = 12 sec
over another train 100 metres long coming from the op- 20 J
posite direction. If the speed of the first train be 30 km/ 4. b; Hint: Let the speed of the train be x km/hr
hr, the speed of the second train is [Railways, 1991J
a)54km/hr b)60km/hr c)72km/hr d)36km/hr .-. relative speed = (JC + 5) km/hr = (x + 5) x — m/sec
10. A train 300 metres long is running at a speed of 18 km/hr. 1o
How many seconds will it take to cross a 200 m long train
(x + 5)5 36
running in the opposite direction at a speed of 12 km/hr? Now, — — — ~ - mx
1o 5
[Bank PO Exam, 1989]
or,2x+10 = 100 .-. x=45
a) 60 c)12 d)20 .-. required speed of the train = 45 km/hr
5. a; Hint: Relative speed = (49 + 5) km/hr = 15 m/sec
11. Two trains are running in opposite directions with the .-. Time taken by the train to pass the man
same speed. If the length of each train is 135 metres and
they cross each other in 18 seconds, the speed of each sec = 9 sec
train is [Railways, 1991]
a) 104 km/hr b)27km/hr 6. b; Hint: Relative speed=(46 + 26) km/hr=20 m/sec
c) 54 km'hr d) None of these rime taken by the trains in passing each other
12. A train 110 metres long travels at 60 km/hr. How long = Time taken to cover (127 + 113) m at 20 m/sec
does it take to cross a man running at 6 km/hr in the
opposite direction? 240
= 12 sec
a) 6 sec b)9 sec c)5 sec d)8 sec 20
13. A train 110 metres long travels at 60 km/hr. How long 7. a
does it take to cross another train 170 metres long, run- 8. b; Hint: In 6 seconds, the man walking at the rate of 6 km
ning at 80 km/hr in opposite direction? hr, covers 10 metres.
a) 7 sec b) 8.2 sec c) 6.2 sec d) 7.2 sec So, the train has to move actually (150 - 10) i.e. 140
3 metres in 6 seconds to cross the man.
14. A train 100 metres long takes 3— seconds to cross a 140
Hence, speed of the train = — r - m/sec
man walking at the rate of 6 km/hr in a direction opposite 6
to that of the train. Find the speed of the train.
f 140 18^
a)94km/hr b)90km/hr c)64km/hr d)60km/hr km/hr =84 km/hr
15. Two trains start simultaneously from stations P and Q, 3 x 5)
V
500 km apart and meet after 5 hours. If the difference in 9. b; Hint: Let the speed of second train be x km/hr
their speeds be 20 km/hr, find their speeds. Then, relative speed = (30+x) km/hr
a) 60 km/hr, 40 km/hr b) 30 km/hr, 70 km/hr .-. Time taken to cover (150 + 100) metres
c) 65 km/hr, 35 km/hr d)45 km/hr, 55 km/hr at (30 + x) km/hr = 10 seconds
Answers 250 250x18
1. b; Hint: Relative speed = 60 + 6 = 66 km/hr = 10: = 10=>x = 60 km'hr
(30 + x)> 150+5*
66x5 55 18
= - - y m/sec
T r
10. a; Hint: Relative speed = (18 + 12) km/hr=30 km/hr
110x3 .
. .-. required time = — J $ ~ = s e c = ^ Jg]
x m/sec = — m/se;
2. a
25
3. a; Hint: Relative speed = (32 + 40) km/hr=72 km/hr Time taken to cover (300 + 200) m at — m/sec
rains
overtakes a goods train on a parallel line of rails. The
500x3^1
sec = 60 sec goods train is going 26 km an hour, and is 1712 dm long.
25 How long does the passenger train takes in passing the
b; Hint: Let the speed of each train be x m/sec other?
135 + 135
Then, = 18 A train 110 metres in length travels at 60 km per hour. In
x+x what time will it pass a man who is walking in the same
15 15 18 „ direction at 6 km an hour?
•'••* = — m/sec = — * — -27 km/hr A ,1
a) 6 sec b) o - sec c) i- sec d) 6 j sec
-a 13d
. a; Hint: Let the speed of the train be x km/hr 4. Two trains 70 m and 80 m long respectively, run at the
Now, according to the question rates of 68 km and 40 km an hour respectively on parallel
Relative speed = (x + 6) km/hr rails in the same direction. How long do they take to
pass each other?
_ (x + 6)x5
m/sec 1
18 a) 19y seconds b ) 1 9 - seconds
18x100 18
A g a i n ' 5(x + 6) 5 c) seconds d) 5 seconds
.-. x=100 - 6 = 94km/hi 5. A train 100 m long is running with a speed of 70 km per
hour. In what time will it pass a man who is running at 10
a; Hint: Let the speeds of the two trains be x and y km/hr km per hour in the same direction in which the train is
going?
.-. relative speed = (x+y) km/hr = -^^- = 100 km/hr and a) 6 sec b) 12 sec c)9sec d) 16 sec
x - y = 2 0 km/hr (given). A train 550 metres long is running with a speed of 55 km
After solving the above equations, we get per hour. In what time will it pass a man who is walking at
x = 60 km/hr and y = 40 km/hr 10 km per hour in the same direction in which the train is
going?
Rule 4 a) 42 sec b) 33 sec c) 40 sec d) 44 sec
em: When two trains are moving in the same direc- 7. A train IOOmetres long meets a man going in opposite
i the relative speed will be the difference of their speeds. - - .- " ,1
itive Example direction at 5 km per hour and passes him in ' — sec-
Two trains 121 metres and 99 metres in length respec- onds. At what rate is the train going?
tively are running in the same direction, one at the a)45km/hr b)54km/hr c)42km/hr d)36km/hr
rate of 40 km and the other at the rate of 32 km an hour. 8. Two trains of length 110 metres and 90 metres are run-
In what time will they be completely clear of each, ning on parallel lines in the same direction with a speed
otherfromthe moment they meet? of 35 km per hour and 40 km per hour respectively. In
what time will they pass each other?
20 a) 144 sec b) 140 sec c) 134 sec d) 154 sec
Relative speed = 40 - 32 = 8 km/hr = — m/sec
A train 110 metres long travels at 60 km/hr. How long
Total length = 121 + 99 = 220 m does it take to cross a man running at 6 km/hr in the same
direction?
Total length 220
.-. reqd time = x9 = 99 sec. a) 7.33 sec b)8sec c)7|sec d) 8.33 sec
Relative speed 20
10. A train 110 metres long travels at 60 km/hr. How long
1
does it take to cross another train 170 metres long, run-

rise
How many seconds will a train 60 m in length travelling ning at 54 km/hr in the same direction?
M. the rate of 42 km an hour, take in passing another train a)2min40sec b) 2 min 48 sec
S4 m long proceeding in the same direction at the rate of c) 3 min 48 sec d) 3 min 40 sec
30 km an hour? Answers
1 1. b; Hint: Relative speed = 42 - 30 = 12 km/hr , '
a) 43 sec b)43r sec c) 43.5 sec d)43~ sec
12x5 10
A passenger train going35 km an hour and 1213 dm long = ~T8 "T _ m / s e e
462 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICK ATHS
Total length = 60 m + 84 m•= 144 m Rule 5 Of

144x3 Theorem: Two trains are moving in the same direction atx
/. Required time — = 43- s e c
km/hr andy km/hr (where x >y). If thefaster train crosses
a man in the slower train in't' seconds, then the length of
2. a; Hint: Relative speed = 35 - 26 = 9 km/hr
9x5 5
= — = -m/sec the faster train is given by metres.
18 J
121.3 + 171.2 292.5x2 Illustrative Example

.-. Required time = <j = -—— = 117 sec Ex.: Two trains are moving in the same direction at 50 km
hr and 30 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the
slower train in 18 seconds. Find the length of the
3. c; Hint: Relative speed = 60 - 6 = 54 km/hr faster train.
54x5 Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
15 m/sec
48
the required length = ^ ( 5 0 - 30)x 18 = 100 m.
110 _1
.-. required time = - J T * * seconds.
-
Exercise
4. a 1. Two trains travel in the same direction at 56 km and 29
5. a km an hour and the faster train passes a man in the slower
25
m/sec train in 16 seconds. Find the length of the faster train,
6. d; Hint: Relative speed = (55 -10) km/hr = I - y a) 100 m b)120m
c) 124 m d) Data inadequate
.-. Time taken by the train to pass the man 2. Two trains are moving in the same direction at 25 km/hr
550 x — sec = 44 sec and 15 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the slower
25) train in 9 seconds. Find the lerigth of the faster train.
7. a; Hint: Let the speed of the train be x m/sec a)50m b)75m c)25m d)30m
3. Two trains are moving in the same direction at 33 km/hr
25 and 24 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the slower
Speed of man m/sec = m/sec
18 train in 12 seconds. Find the length of the faster train.
a)30m b)40m c)20m d)50m
25 18£+25 4. Two trains are moving in the same direction at 50 km/hr
Relative speed : x+- m/sec = m/sec
18j 18 and 32 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the slower
train in 10 seconds. Find the length of the faster train.
100 36 '225^ a)45m b)60m c)75m d)50m
18x + 25 I 18 m/sec Answers
18 l.b 2.c 3.a 4.d
225 18 Rule 6
x — km/hr = 45 km/hr
Theorem: A train running atx km/hr takes t seconds to x
18 5
'25^ pass a platform. Next it takes t seconds to pass a man
2
8. a; Hint: Relative speed = (40 -35) km/hr m/sec walking aty km/hr in the opposite direction, then the length
U8
Time taken by the trains in passing each other
of the train is —(x + y)t 2
metres and that of the plat-
'25 18 v r i
= Time taken to cover (110 + 90) m at m/sec

formis T T M ' I ~ 2)~yh] metres.
t
200x18 1o
= 144 sec
25 Illustrative Example
9. a 10. b Ex.: A train running at 25 km/hr takes 18 seconds to pass
a platform. Next, it takes 12 seconds to pass a mar;
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walking at 5 km/hr in the opposite direction. Find the Rule 7

length of the train and that of the platform. Theorem: Two trains are moving in opposite directions at
Soln: Detail Method: x km/hr andy km/hr (wherex >y), ifthefaster train crosses
Speed of the train relative to man = 25 + 5 = 30 km/hr a man in the slower train in t seconds, then the length of the
«i 5
-MX—-—m/sec
2 5 ,
faster train is given by metres.
Distance travelled in 12 seconds at this speed
Illustrative Example
= — xl2 = 100 m
Ex.: Two trains are moving in the opposite direction at 50
3
km and 40 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the
Length of the train = 100 m slower train in 3 seconds. Find the length of the faster
125 train.
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
Speed of train - 25 km/hr = 25 x r r - — m/sec
the required length of the train
lo lo
Distance travelled in 18 sees at this speed = — (50 + 40)x30 = 75 m

18v ' '
125
= _ x l 8 = 125 m. Exercise
18
1. A man sitting in the train which is travelling at the rate of
.-. length of train + length of platform = 125 m
50 km per hour observes that it takes 9 seconds for a
.-. length of platform = 125- 100 = 25m
goods train travelling in the opposite direction to pass
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
him. If the goods train is 187.5 metres long, find its speed,
have,
2. Two trains are moving in the opposite direction at 24 km
the length of the train = ^ (25 + 5)x 12 = 100 m and and 12 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the slower
train in 2 seconds. Find the length of the faster train.
a) 25 m b)30m c)20m d) Data inadequate
the length of the platform =-^-[25(l8-12)-5xl2] Two trains are moving in the opposite direction at 12 km
= —x90 = 25 m.
1O
18 and 6 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the slower
train in 10 seconds. Find the length of the faster train,
Exercise a) 50 m b)75m c)40m d)150m
1. A train running at 36 km/hr takes 12 seconds to pass a 4. Two trains are moving in the opposite direction at 30 km
platform. Next it takes 6 seconds to pass a man running and 24 km/hr. The faster train crosses a man in the slower
at the rate of 9 km/hr in the opposite direction. Find the train in 6 seconds. Find the length of the faster train.
length of the train and length of the platform. a)80m b)100m c)110m d)90m
a)75m,45m b)70m,50m
c) 65 m, 35 m d) Data inadequate Answers
2 A train running at 24 km/hr takes 15 seconds to pass a 1. a; Hint: Let the speed of the goods train be y km/hr
platform. Next, it takes 10 seconds to pass a man walking Now, applying the given rule, we have
at 12 km/hr in the opposite direction. Find the length of 5
(50 +y)9 = 187.5
the train. 18
a)50m b)100m c)75m d)120m y = 25 km/hr
3. A train running at 20 km/hr takes 12 seconds to pass a 2.c 3.a 4.d
platform. Next, it takes 6 seconds to pass a man walking
at 4 km/hr in the opposite direction. Find the length of Rule 8
the p\atform. Theorem*. A train running at x km/hr takes f, seconds to
pass a platform. Next it takes t seconds to pass a man
2
2 2 walking aty km/hr in the same direction, then the length of

a)40m b)26m c) 4 0 - m d) 2 6 - m
5.
the train is :(*-v> 2
metres and that ofthe platform is
Answers 18
l.a 2.b 3.d
t )+yt ] metres.
2 2
18
464 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATI
Illustrative Example platform,

Ex.: A train running at 25 km/hr takes 18 seconds to pass a) 200 m b)190m c)210m d)100m
a platform. Next, it takes 9 seconds to pass a man Answers
walking at 5 km/hr in the same direction. Find the Lb 2.c 3.a 4.c
length of the train and that of the platform.
Soln: Detail Method: Speed of the train relative to man Rule 9
5 *\ rfteorem: L mates Cong train crosses a bridge of length
25-5 = 20 km/hr =20x — = — m/sec
18 9 metres in T seconds. Time taken by the train to cross
Distance travelled in 9 seconds at this speed
L+ L 7
platform of metres is given byL + L seconds.

= y x 9 =50m
.-. Length of the train = 50 m Illustrative Example

Ex.: 150 metres long train crosses a platform of length 25^
5 125
Speed of the train = 25 km/hr = 25 x — = —— rn/sec metres in 30 seconds. Find the time for train to c~
lo lo
a bridge of 130 metres.
Distance travelled in 18 seconds at this speed Soln: Detail Method:
125 According to the question,
-xl8 = 125 m
18 150+250 40
speed of the train = m/sec
.-. length of train + length of platform = 125 m 30 3
.-. length of platform = 125 - 50 = 75 m
In the second case train has to cover (150 + 130) metres.
have 280x3 - 2 1 seconds.
.-. required time =
40
the length of the train = ~(25- 5)x 9 = 50 m
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, »e
1O
have the
the length of the platform = -^[25(l8-9)+5x9] ... (130 + I50)x30 280x30 „,
1O read time = ± '- = = 21 sees.
150 + 250 400
= — x270 = 15x5 = 75 m. Exercise
1. A train speeds pasj a pole in 15 seconds and speeds
Exercise pasf a platform of 100 metres in 30 seconds. Its length ( •
1. A train running at 35 km per hour takes 18 seconds to metres) is [Bank PO Exam, 1989}
pass a platform. Next, it takes 12 seconds to pass a man a)200 b)100 c)50 d) Data inadequate
walking at the rate of 5 km/hr in the same direction. Find 2 75 metres long train crosses a platform of length 125
the length of the train and that of the platform. metres in 20 seconds. Find the time for train to cross a
a)50m,75m b) 100m, 75m bridge of 65 metres.
c) 75 m, 25 m d) None of these
11 21
2. A train running at 25 km/hr takes 18 seconds to pass a a) 12 sec b) 18 sec c) 14 secd) _ sec
platform. Next it takes 10 seconds to pass a man walking 2
at the rate of 7 km/hr in the same direction. Find the 250 metres long train crosses a platform of length 350
length of the platform and the length of the train. metres in 50 seconds. Find the time for train to cross a
a)25m,50m b)45m,85m c)50m,75m d)50m,80m bridge of230 metres.
3. A train running at 30 km/hr takes 20 seconds to pass a a) 45 sec b) 50 sec c) 40 sec d) 54 sec
platform. Next, it takes 8 seconds to pass a man walking 4. 125 metres long train crosses a platform of length 175
at 12 km/hr in the same direction. Find the length of the metres in 20 seconds. Find the time for train to cross a
train. bridge of 115 metres.
a)40m b)50m . c)44m d)42m a) 18 sec b) 15 sec c) 16 sec d) 12 sec
4. A train running at 36 km/hr takes 24 seconds to pass a Answers
platform. Next, it takes 6 seconds to pass a man walking
at 18 km/hr in the same direction. Find the length of the 1. b; Hint: Here = 0 because in place of bridge, pole has
been given in the question.
1 + 0 36 = 15 x+ y
.-. required answer =
{L + 100 tance between A and B is
x-y
d km. or
.-. L=100m
Sum of speeds
1c 3.b 4.c Distance=Difference in distance x ^ .
D i f f s p e g d s
Rule 10
Theorem: IfL metres long train crosses a bridge or a plat-
Ex.: Two trains start at the same timefromHyderabad and
form of length metres in Tseconds, then the time taken Delhi and proceed towards each other at the rate of
80 km and 95 km per hour respectively. When they
hr train to cross a pole is given by
L + Li ) seconds. meet, it is found that one train has travelled 180 km
more than the other. Find the distance between Delhi
•strative Example and Hyderabad.
120 metres long train crosses a tunnel of length 80 Soln: Detail Method-I: Faster train moves 95 - 80 = 15 km
metres in 20 seconds. Find the time for train to cross more in 1 hr.
a man standing on a platform of length 130 metres.
•: Detail Method: .-. faster train moves 180 km more in — x 180 = 12
120+80
hrs.
Speed of the train = — —
20 — = '0 m/sec Since, they are moving in opposite directions, they
120 cover a distance of80 + 95 = 175 km in 1 hr.
Time taken by train to cross the man = = 12 sees. ,-, in 12 hrs they cover a distance = 175 x 12=2100 km
10 .-. distance = 2100 km
Here length of the platform is given to confuse the Detail Method I I :
student. Because it is of no use in solving the above
Hyderabad Delhi
example.
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we 1 : 1 1 1
have y km xkm
120x20 M Let the train started from Delhi, covers x km of the
the required time = „„ - 1 2 seconds. distance and the train started from Hyderabad covers
120+80
y km of the distance when they meet.
lse From the question,
60 metres long train crosses a tunnel of length 40 metres x - y = 180 km (i)
m 10 seconds. Find the time for train to cross a man 95 80 19
standing on a platform of length 65 metres, and 7 * - . * n g * - «
2. 240 metres long train crosses a tunnel of length 160 Put the value of x of equation (ii) into equation (i)
metres in 40 seconds. Find the time for train to cross a 19
man standing on a platform of length 260 metres, y - y = 180
16
100 metres long train crosses a tunnel of length 60 metres .-. y=960km
in 16 seconds. Find the time for train to cross a man or,x-y = 180 km
standing on a platform of length 65 metres, .-. x=960+180= 1140 km
a) 12 sec b) 11 sec c) 8 sec d) 10 sec /. the distance between Hyderabad and Delhi
= 1140 + 960 = 2100 km
ers Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
2.c 3.d have
Rule 11 Sum of speed
Distance = Difference in distance >< Diff. in speed
m: Two trains start at the same time from A and B
proceed towards each other at the rate ofx km/hr and
•r respectively. When they meet it is found that one 180x — = 2100 km
has travelled d km more than the other. Then the dis- 15
Exercise .-. Total distance = 110 km = 40x + 50 (x - 2)

1. Two trains start at the same time from Patna and Gaya Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, « e
and proceed towards each other at the rate of 60 km and have
40 km per hour respectively. When they meet, it is found 110 + 2x50 210 7 1
that one train has travelled 20 km more than the other. the required time = — = 2 - hnJ
40 + 50 90 3 3 H
Find the distance between Gaya and Patna.
a) 100km b)80km c) 120km d)90km Note: The above example may be put as "Two stations A
2. Two trains start at the same time from Ranchi and and B are 110 km apart on a straight line. One trail
Rourkela and proceed towards each other at the rate of starts from A at 8 am and travels towards B at 40 ka
85 km and 63 km per hour respectively. When they meet, per hour. Another train starts from B at 10 am and
it is found that one train has travelled 11 km more than travels towards A at 50 km per hour. At what time wil
the other. Find the distance between Rourkela and they meet?
Ranchi. 110 + (l0 aw-8 am)x50
a) 84 km b) 148 km c)74km d) None of these Soln: 8am + -
40 + 50
3. Two trains start at the same time from Allahabad and
Kanpur and proceed towards each other at the rate of 73 210
= 8am + 10.20 am.
km and 47 km per hour respectively. When they meet, it 90
is found that one train has travelled 13 km more than the
other. Find the distance between Kanpur and Allahabad, Exercise
a) 70km b)60km c)75km d)65km 1.
Two stations A and B are 110 kms apart on a straight
4. Two trains start at the same time from Lucknow and line. One train startsfromA at 7 AM and travels towards
Jaunpur and proceed towards each other at the rate of B at 20 km/hr speed. Another train startsfromB at 8 AM
75 km and 65 km per hour respectively. When they meet, and travels towards A at 25 km/hr speed. At what time
it is found that one train has travelled 10 km more than will they meet? [Railways, 1989|
the other. Find the distance between Jaunpur and a) 9 AM b)10AM
Lucknow. c) 11 AM d) None of these
2. Two stations A and B are 60 km apart on a straight line.
a)75km b)65km c)80km d) 140km A train startsfromA towards B at the rate of 20 km/hr. 3
Answers hours later another train starts from B and travels to-
La 2.c 3.b 4.d wards A at the rate of 25 km/hr. When will the first train
meet to the second train?
Rule 12 a)lhr b)2hrs c)3hrs d)4hrs
Theorem: Two stations A and B are D km apart on a straight 3. Two stations A and B are 145 km apart on a straight line.
line. A train starts from A towards B at x km/hr. t hours A tram startsfromA towards B at the rate of 25 km/hr. 1
later another train starts from B towards A aty km/hr. The hours later another train starts from B and travels to-
time after which the train starting from A will meet the wards A at the rate of 35 km/hr. When will thefirsttrain
train startingfrom B is x + y hours. a)3hrs b)2hrs c)l'/ hrs » d)214hrs
2
4. A train startsfromstation A at 9 am and travels at 50 km

Illustrative Example hr towards station B, 210 km away. Another train starts
Ex.: Two stations A and B are 110 km apart on a straight from station B at 11 am and travels at 60 km/hr towards
line. A train starts from A towards B at the rate of 40 station A. At what time will they meet and at what dis-
km/hr. 2 hours later another train starts from B and tancefromA?
travels towards A at the rate of 50 km/hr. When will a) 12 noon, 150 km b) 11 am, 100 km
the first train meet to the second train? c) 10am, 50 km d) 1 pm, 200 km
Soln: Detail Method: Let the first train meet the second x Answers
hrs after it starts, then Lb 2.c 3.a
40* + (x -2)x 50 = 110 .... (see note) 210 + (lla-w-9am)60
Distance covered by the first train = 40x km 4. a; Hint: Required answer = 9 am+
50 + 60
The second train starts 2 hrs after the first starts its = 9 am + 3 hours = 12 noon
journey, so the distance covered by the second train and the required distance from A
= 50(x-2) = Distance travelled by the first train = 3 x 50 = 150 km
Trains https://telegram.me/pdf4exams 467
IATH •
Rule 13 a) 150m b)100m

c) 250 m d) Data inadequate
Theorem: A train passes by a stationary man standing on2 A man standing on a railway platform noticed that a
the platform or a pole in r, seconds andpasses by the plat- train took 21 seconds to completely pass through the
station, which was 88 metres long and that it took 9
form completely in t seconds. If the length ofthe platform
2
seconds in passing him. Find the length of the train, and
the rate of the train in kilometres per hour,
is 'p' metres, then the length of the train is metres a) 198 m, 26 km/hr b) 66 m, 26.4 km/hr
c) 132 m, 25 km/hr d) Data inadequate
and the speed of the train is m/sec. Or Length of 3. A man is standing on a railway bridge which is 50 metres
the train long. He finds that a train crosses the bridge in 4 ^
Length of the platform ^ (Time taken to cross a ^ seconds but himself in 2 seconds. Find the length of the
Difference in time [stationary pole or man) and train and its speed.
Length of the platform a)40m,72km/hr b) 30 m, 92 km/hr
speed of the train •• c)42m,75km/hr d)4m,70km/hr
Difference in time
4. A railway train travelling at a uniform speed, clears a
Illustrative Example platform 200 metres long in 10 seconds and passes a
Ex.: A train passes by a stationary man standing on the telegraph post in 6 seconds. Find the length of the train
platform in 7 seconds and passes by the platform and its speed.
completely in 28 seconds. I f the length of the plat- a)300m, 180km/hr b)200m, 180km/hr
form is 330 metres, what is the length of the train? c) 300 m, 50 km/hr d) 200 m, 50 km/hr
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length of the train be x m. 5. A train passes a station platform in 36 seconds and a
man standing on the platform in 20 seconds. If the speed
Then speed of the train = — m per sec. of the train is 54 km/hr, find the length of the platform.
a)240m b)120m c)160m d)140m
x + 330 6. The train crosses a man standing on a platform 150 metres
And also the speed of the train long in 10 seconds and crosses the platform completely
28 m per sec.
:
in 22 seconds. Find the length and speed of the train,

x+330 a) 125 m, 12 m/sec b) 120m, 25 m/sec
Both the speeds should be equal, ie, — -
28 c) 125 m, 12.5 m/sec d) Data inadequate
or, 28x-7x = 7x330 Answers
7x330 La
21 = 110 m 88x9
2. b; Hint: Length of the train = :66 m
Quicker Approach: The train covers its length in 7 11-9
seconds and covers its length plus length of platform
in 28 seconds. That is, it covers the length of the 88 18 132
Speed of the train = „ . » x — = = 26.4 km/hr
platform in 28 - 7 = 21 seconds. 21-9 5
Now, since it covers 330 m in 21 seconds. 3. a 4. a
330
Distance covered in 7 seconds = y j ~ 110 mx 7
5. a; Hint: Speed of the train = 54 km/hr = 54x5 = 15 m/sec
Thus we get a direct formula as: 18
Length of train Now, applying the given theorem, we have
= Length
5 of rplatform „ ^ ,
x T i m e t0 c r o s s a P
15 = .-. p=15x 16 = 240m
Difference in time 36-20
stationary pole or man 6.c
= ^ x 7 = 110m.
21 Rule 14
Exercise Theorem: Two stations A and B are D km apart on a straig
1. A train passes a pole in 15 seconds and passes a plat- line. A train startsfrom A and travels towards Batx km/h
150 km form 100 m long in 25 seconds. Find its length. Another train, starting from B't' hours earlier, trvels t
wards A aty km/hr. The time after which the train starting
a) 3 hrs b) 2 hrs c) 2 - hrs d)l :
D-ty
fromA will meet the train startingfrom Bis hours. 3. Two stations A and B are 126 km apart on a straight line.
x+y J
A train starts from A and travels towards B at 23 km/hr.
Illustrative Example Another train, starting from B 30 minutes earlier, travels
Ex.: Two stations A and B are 110 km apart on a straight towards A at 32 km/hr. When will the first train meet to
line. A train startsfromA and travels towards B at 40 the second train?
km/hr. Another train, starting from B 2 hours earlier,
travels towards A at 50 km/hr. When will thefirsttrain a) 1 hr b) 1^ hrs c)2 hrs d) 2 - hrs
Soln: Detail Method: Let the first train meet the second Answers
train x hours after it starts, then Lb 2.a 3.c
40x+(x+2)x50=110
[Distance covered by the first train = 40* km Rule 15
The second train starts 2 hrs earlier than the first starts Theorem: If a train I metres long moving at a speed of x
its journey, so the distance covered by the second km/hr crosses another train in t seconds, then time taken by
train = 50(x + 2)
.-. Total distance = 110 km = 40* + 50(x + 2)] 18
// to cover its own length is given by "T" seconds.
or,40x + 50x+100=110
90x=10
18f /
1 60 20 , 2
x=- hrs = — = — = 6 j minutes. Case -I: If ^ I j < t, trains are moving in the same direc-
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we tion.
have
Case- II: If > t, trains are moving in opposite direc-
110-50x2 1 5 \X;
the required time • — hrs= 6— min-
50 + 40 tion.
utes. Illustrative Example
Note: Above example may be put as the following Ex.: A train 105 metres long moving at a speed of 54 km
"Two stations A and B are 110 km apart on a straight per hour crosses another train in 6 seconds. Then
line. A train starts from A at 10 am and travels to- which of the following is true?
wards B at 40 km per hour. Another train starting from (a) Trains are moving in the same direction.
B at 8 am travels towards A at 50 km per hour. At what (b) Trains are moving in the opposite direction.
time will they meet? (c) The other train is not moving.
Soln: They will meet at (d) Data inadequate
110-(l0am-8am)x50 Soln: Applying the above theorem, first
8am + 8.6 a.m. (approx).
40 + 50 18 / 18 105 _
find the value of — — -JT - I seconds
x _ X
Exercise 5 x 5 54
1. Two stations A and B are 95 km apart on a straight line. 7 seconds > 6 seconds
A train starts from A and travels towards B at 35 km/hr. Hence trains are moving in the opposite direction ie
Another train, starting from B 30 minutes earlier, travels (b) is the correct answer.
towards A at 40 km/hr. When will the first train meet to Exercise
the second train? 1. A train 100 metres long moving at a speed of 36 km per
hour crosses another train in 8 seconds. Then which of
a)2hrs b) 1 hr c) 1 i hrs d) 2^- hrs the following is true?
a) Trains are moving in the same direction.
2 Two stations A and B are 145 km apart on a straight line.
b) Trains are moving in the opposite direction.
A train startsfromA and travels towards B at 15 km/hr.
c) The other train is not moving.
Another train, starting from B 1 hr earlier, travels to-
d) Data inadequate
wards A at 25 km/hr. When will the first train meet to the
2. A train 125 metres long moving at a speed of 45 km per
second train?
VTHS Trains
hour crosses another train in 12 seconds. Then which of are moving in the same direction,
the following is true? a) 12 sec b) 24 sec c) 28 sec d) 16 sec
a) Trains are moving in the same direction. 4. Two trains of the same length but with different speeds
b) Trains are moving in the opposite direction. pass a static pole in 8 seconds and 12 seconds respec-
c) The other train is not moving. tively. In what time will they cross each other when they
d) Data inadequate are moving in the same direction,
Answers
l.b 2.a Answers
l.c 2.a 3.b 4.d
Rule 16
Theorem: Two trains of the same length but with different Rule 17
speeds pass a static pole in t seconds and t seconds re-Theorem: Two trains of the same length but with differen
y 2
speeds pass a static pole in /, seconds and t seconds re

spectively. They are moving in the same direction. The time 2
spectively. They are moving in the opposite directions. T

2Ul<2
they will take to cross each other is given by sec-
\<2 time they will take to cross each other is given by
onds. V'l
Illustrative Example seconds.
Ex.: Two trains of the same length but with different speeds Illustrative Example
pass a static pole in 4 seconds and 5 seconds respec- Ex.: Two trains of the same length but with different speeds
tively. In what time will they cross each other when pass a static pole in 4 seconds and 5 seconds respec-
they are moving in the same direction? tively. In what time will they cross each other when
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length of the trains be x m. they are moving in the opposite direction.
Soln: Detail Method: Relative speed when they are moving
x x
The speeds of the two trains
— m/s & — m/s. x x 9x
in opposite directions
4 m.
Total distance to be travelled = 2JC 5 —: 20 -
• —+ m / S C C
Relative speed when they are moving in the same 4 5

. 9x _ 40 4
.-. required time = * " — - —-4—• seconds.
2 - i
X X X
direction - — - — - — m/sec. zO y y
4 5 20 Quicker Method: When they are moving in opposite
directions:
.-. required time = 2x* — - 40 seconds.
2(4x5) 40 .4
Quicker Method: When they are moving in the same Time— — — T ~ "7T 4— seconds.
= =
5+4 9 9
direction:
2(4x5) Exercise
Time = 40 seconds.
:
1. Two trains of the same length but with different speeds
5-4
pass a static pole in 4 seconds and 8 seconds respec-
Exercise tively. In what time will they cross each other when they
1. Two trains of the same length but with different speeds are moving in the opposite direction.
pass a static pole in 5 seconds and 6 seconds respec-
tively. In what time will they cross each other when they 16 14
a) — sec b)5 sec c)6 sec d) sec
are moving in the same direction.
a) 1 hr b) 50 sec c) 1 min d) 60 min Two trains of the same length but with different speeds
2. Two trains of the same length but with different speeds pass a static pole in 10 seconds and 15 seconds respec-
pass a static pole in 6 seconds and 9 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross eachother when they
tively. In what time will they cross each other when they are moving in the opposite direction,
are moving in the same direction. a) 13 sec b) 11 sec c) 12.5 see d)12 sec
a) 36 sec b) 30 sec c) 40 sec d) 42 sec Two trains of the same length but with different speeds
3. Two trains of the same length but with different speeds pass a static pole in 12 seconds and 18 seconds respec-
pass a static pole in 4 seconds and 6 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross eachother when they
tively.In what time will they cross eachother when they are moving in the opposite direction.
a) 14 sec b) 13.4 sec c) 14.4 sec d) 15 sec 8 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross each
Answers other when they are moving in the same direction?
La 2.d 3.c
Answers
Rule 18 La 2.c 3.c
Theorem: Two trains of the length /, and l m respectively
2
Rule 19
with different speeds pass a static pole in /, seconds and t 2
Theorem: Two trains of the length /, mand l m respec- 2
seconds respectively. When they are moving in the same

tively with different speeds pass a static pole in /, seconds
direction, they will cross each other in sec- and t seconds respectively. When they are moving in the
2
1<2 opposite direction they will cross each other in

onds.
Illustrative Example seconds.
Ex.: Two trains of the length 100 m and 125 m respectively hh +t\i
with different speeds pass a static pole in 4 seconds
and 7 seconds respectively. In what time will they
Ex.: Two trains of the length lOOmand 125 m respectively
cross each other when they are moving in the same
with different speeds pass a static pole in 4 seconds
direction?
and 7 seconds respectively. In what time will they
Soln: Detail Method:
cross each other when they are moving in the oppo-
Length of the trains are 100 m and 125 m
site direction?
100 125 Soln: Detail Method:
The speeds of the trains = m/sec and - y ml Lengths of the trains are 100 m and 125 m
sec 100 125
Total distance to be travelled = 100 + 125 = 225 m Speeds of the trains = —— = 25 m/sec and —z~ ml
4 7
Relative speed when they are moving in the same
sec
100 125 _ 175-125 50 Total distance to be travelled =100+125=225m
direction m/sec. Relative speed when they are moving in the opposite
4 7 ~ 1 7
225x7 , , . 125 300
.-. required time = ——— - 3 1 . 5 seconds. direction = 25 + ~z~ ~ m/sec
7 7
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we 225x7 ...
have .-. required time = = 5.25 seconds.
the required time
(100 + I25)x4x7 225x4x7 63 „ have
- — -31.5 sec.
7x100-4x125 200 (100 + I25)x4x7 225x4x7
Exercise the required time- ( ) ( xl25) ~llW~
7 x l 0 0 + 4 =
1. Two trains of the length 200 m and 250 m respectively = 5.25 seconds.
with different speeds pass a static pole in 8 seconds and
14 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross Exercise
each other when they are moving in the same direction? 1. Two trains of the length 100 m and 150 m respectively
a) 63 sec b) 64 sec c) 72 sec d) 81 sec with different speeds pass a static pole in 1 min and 3
2. Two trains of the length 150 m and 350 m respectively min respectively. In what time will they cross each other
with different speeds pass a static pole in 4 seconds and when they are moving in the opposite direction?
10 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross 5
each other when they are moving in the same direction? a) - sec b) 100 sec c) 120 sec d) 50 sec
a) 150 sec b) 75 sec c) 200 sec d) None of these
2 Two trains of the length 200 m and 250 m respectively
3. Two trains of the length 125 m and 150 m respectively
with different speeds pass a static pole in 4 min and 6
with different speeds pass a static pole in 6 seconds and
min respectively. In what time will they cross each other
' • - • \ - -
when they are moving in theopposite direction? 100 + 125 9

a) 150 min— b) 4 min 48 sec Required time = — — - 4 . 5 seconds.
Quicker Method: Applying the case-II of the above
. 10
c) 4 — min d) None of these theorem, we have
Two trains of the length 150 m and 350 m respectively 4+5
the required time = = 4.5 seconds.
with different speeds pass a static pole in 5 min and 9
min respectively. In what time will they cross each other
when they are moving in the opposite direction? Exercise
225 235 with the same speeds pass a static pole in 6 seconds and
a) b) - j j - min
31 min 5 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross each
other when they are moving in opposite direction.
225 a) 4.5 sec b) 5.5 sec c) 6 sec d) 6.5 sec
c) min d) None of these
Answers with the same speeds pass a static pole in 7 seconds and
l.b 2.c 3.a 9 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross each
other when they are moving in opposite direction.
Rule 20 a) 8 sec b) 6 sec c) 9 sec d) 7.5 sec
Theorem: Two trains of the length l m and l m with the
x 2
with the same speeds pass a static pole in 8 seconds and
same speed pass a static pole in ?, and t seconds respec-
2 10 seconds respectively. In what time will they cross
tively. each other when they are moving in opposite direction,
Case I: When they are moving in the same direction, they a) 8 sec b) 10 sec c) 9 sec d) 9.5 sec
cannot pass each other. Answers
Case II: When they are moving in the opposite direction, l.b 2.a 3.c
they will cross each other in | ' 0 seconds ie Rule 21

Theorem: Two trains of length /, mand l m respectively
2
average of the two times.

run on parallel lines of rails. When running in the same
Illustrative Example direction the faster train passes the slower one in t sec- x
EXJ Two trains of the length 100 m and 125 m respectively

onds, but when they are running in opposite directions with
with the same speeds pass a static pole in 4 seconds
and 5 seconds respectively. In what time will they the same speeds as earlier, they pass each other in t sec- 2
cross each other when they are moving in onds. Then the speed of each train is given as thefollowing.
(i) the same direction
(ii) opposite directions. Speed of thefaster train = m/sec and the
Soln: (i) Applying the case-I of the above theorem, they v Hh J
cannot pass each other.
Proof: Length of the trains = 100 m and 125 m speed of the slower train = m/sec.
100 125 Thus a generalformula for the speed is given as
Speed of the two trains = —— and —— Average length of two trains
4 5 ;
= 25 m/sec = same. 1 1
Because they are moving with the same speed rela- Opposite direction's time Same direction's time
tive speed wiJJ be zero. Hence they will never cross
each other, Illustrative Example
(ii) Detail Method: Ex.: Two trains of length 100 m and 80 m respectively run
Length of the trains = 100 m and 125 m on parallel lines of rails. When running in the same
100 125 direction the faster train passes the slower one in 18
Speed of the two trains = and ~j- = 25 m/sec seconds, but when they are running in opposite di-
Relative speed = 25 + 25 = 50 m/sec \ rections with the same speeds as earlier, they pass
each other in 9 seconds. Find the speed of each train.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the speeds of the trains be x m/s Rule 22
and y m/s.
When they are moving in the same direction, Theorem: Two trains can run at the speed of 5, km/lirand
the relative speed = {x-y) m/s S km/hr respectively on parallel tracks. When they are
2
100+80 running in opposite directions they pass each other in 7j

x-y = \0
18 seconds. When they are running in the same direction, a
100 + 80 person sitting in thefaster train observes that he passes the
Similarly, x + y- = 20 other train in T seconds.
2
Solving the two equations Then the length of the faster train
x= 15 m/s andy = 5 m/s
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we [7i(S, + S )-T (S
2 2 i -S )]—
2 metres and the length of the
18
have
100 + 80^18+9"
the speed of the faster train = slower train = ^ ( S j -S )— metres.
2
2 U8x9, 1o
J 27 "\ Illustrative Example

= 9d = ' ^ m/s and
18x9j Ex.: Two trains can run at the speed of 54 km/hr and 36
the speed of the slower train I km/hr respectively on parallel tracks. When they are
100 + 80 ' 1 8 - 9 running in opposite directions they pass each other
5 m/s.
: in 10 seconds. When they are running in the same
2 v 18x9
direction, a person sitting in the faster train observes
Exercise that he passes the other train in 30 seconds. Find the
Two trains, each 80 m long, pass each other on parallel length of the trains.
lines. If they are going in the same direction, the faster Soln: Detail Method: Speeds of trains in metres per sec-
one takes one minute to pass the other completely. If onds is 15 m/s and 10 m/s respectively. Let the length
they are going in different directions, they completely of faster & slower trains be x m and y m respectively.
pass each other in 3 seconds. Find the rate of each trains When they are running in opposite directions:
in m per second. Relative speed = 15 + 10 = 25 m/s
Total length = (x+y) m
' 1
a) 28 m/sec, 25— m/sec b) 28— m/sec, 25 m/sec
x+y
c) 26 m/sec, 24 m/sec d) 28 m/sec, 25 m/sec
:. time to cross each other ^ = 10
Two trains 200 metres and 175 metres long are running
:. x+y = 250 ....(1)
on parallel lines. They take 7 ^ seconds when running
In the second case, man passes the length of the
/ slower train (y) with a speed of (15 - 10) m/s = 5 m/s
1 v
in opposite directions and 37— seconds when running
Then time = ~ =30
in the same direction, to pass each other. Find their speeds
in km per hour. .-. y=150m
a) 108 km/hr, 72 km/hr b) 98 km/hr, 82 km/hr .-. length of slower train = 150 m
c) 100 km/hr, 75 km/hr d) None of these And from(l),Jt= 100m
3. Two trains, 130 and 110 metres long, while going in the
.-. Length of faster train = 100 m
same direction, the faster train takes one minute to pass
the other completely. If they are moving in opposite di-
have the
rection, they pass each other completely in 3 seconds.
the length of the faster train
Find the speed of trains.
= [10(54 + 36)-30(54-36)] 18
a) 24 m/sec, 19 m/sec b) 42 m/sec, 3 8 m/sec
c) 40 m/sec, 36 m/sec d) Data inadequate = 360x — =100mand
Answers
l.a 2.a 3.b the length of the slower train = — x 30[54 - 36] = 150 m.
T rains https://telegram.me/pdf4exams 473
Exercise Illustrative Example

1. Two trains running at the rates of 45 and 3 6 km an hour Ex: A train overtakes two persons who are walking in the
respectively, on parallel rails in opposite directions, are same direction as the train is moving, at the rate of 2
observed to pass each other in 8 seconds, and when km/hr and 4 km/hr and passes them completely in 9
they are running in the same direction at the same rate and 10 seconds respectively. Find the speed and the
as before, a person sitting in the faster train observes length of the train.
that he passes the other in 30 seconds. Find the length Soln: Detail Method: Speeds oftwo men are:
of the trains. „ 5 5 „ 5 10
a) 105 m, 75 m b) 50m, 25 m 2km/hr= 2 x ^ = 9 m/s and 4 km/hr = ^ "~ 4 x = 9
c)120m,90m d) 100m, 75m

2. A certain passenger train travels at the rate of 42 km/hr, m/s
and a goods train whose length is half more than the Let the speed of the train be x m/s. Then relative
passenger train, travels at 33 km/hr. When the two are
travelling in the ame direction it takes 50 seconds for the ( 1 5 ( 10 V
passenger &ais & ctear ite goodste-w.JJpw kmg does speeds are I ~~^ I m/s and I * ^ I m/s
x
it take the two trains to pass when they are travelling in Now, length oftrain = Relative Speed x Time taken to
opposite directions? pass a man
5"| 10
3. Two trains run on parallel tracks at 90 km/hr and 72 km/hr length of train = \ ^ J x9 = xlO
9
respectively. When they are running in the opposite di-
rections they cross each other in 5 seconds. When they
100 45 55
are running in the same direction at speeds same as be- x= m/s
fore a passenger sitting in the faster train sees the other
train passing him in 25 seconds. Find the length of each 55 18 „
train. .-. speed of the train = — — = 22 km/hr and x
a) 225 m, 100 m b)125 m, 200 m

c) 125 m, 100 m d) Data inadequate ( ^
'55 5'
length of the train 9 = 50 5
9=
Answers ^9 9,
:
X m.
1. a 9J I
7j(42+33)-50(42-33) _ 2 have
2. a; Hint: ( 2-33)
50 4 ~3 the length of the train
Diff. in Speed of two men x T, x T _5_ 2
50x27
••• T. = = 6 sec (T -T,) 2 18
3x75
3.c where T, and T are times taken by the train to pass
2
the two men, all in the same direction.

Rule 23 (4-2)x9xl0 5
Theorem: A train overtakes two persons who are walking Thus in this case x — = 50m
in the same direction as the train is moving, at the rate of 10-9 18
M km/hr and M km/hr and passes them completely in
x 2
Speed of the train» km/hr

T seconds and T seconds respectively. Speed ofthe train
X 2 , 72-71
MT2 2 MT
X X MT
2 2 •M T X X
4x10-2x9
18 m/sec or km/hr and =22 km/hr.
T -T2 x
10-9
J
~(M -M )T T 2 X X 2 _5_ Exercise
the length of the train is given by T -T 2 x
18
1. A train 75 metres long over took a person who was walk-
metres
ing at the rate of 6 km an hour, and passes him in 7 —
Difference in speed of two men x T x T x 2
or metres. seconds. Subsequently it overtook a second person,

18 M T -M{T
2 2 X
and passed him in 6— seconds. At what rate was the
m/sec or km/hr and the length of the
r,-7-,
second person travelling?
a)lkm/hr b)4km/hr c)2km/hr d)5km/hr {M -M )r T
2 x x 2
2. A train 75 metres long overtook a man who was walking train is given by m.
at the rate of 6 km/hr and passed him in 18 seconds.
Again, the train overtook a second person in 15 sec^ Illustrative Example
onds. At what rate was the second person travelling? Ex.: A train passes two persons who are walking in the
a)3km/hr b)5 km/hr c)8km/hr d)9km/hr direction opposite which the train is moving, at the
3. A train overtakes two persons walking in the same di- rate of 5 m/s and 10 m/s in 6 seconds and 5 seconds
rection at 5 km/hr and 8 km/hr respectively and com- respectively. Find the length of the train and speed of
pletely passes them in 10 seconds and 12 seconds re- the train.
spectively. Find the length of the train, Soln: Detail Method: Let the speed of the train be x m/s.
a) 100m b)125m c)75m d)50m Length of the train = (x + 5) 6 = (x + 10) 5
4. A train overtakes two persons walking in the same di- or,(x + 5)6 = O+10)5
rection at 3 km/hr and 5 km/hr respectively and com- .-. x = 20 m/s
pletely passes them in 10 seconds and 11 seconds re- and length of the train = (20 + 5) x 6 = 150 m.
spectively. Find the speed and length of the train. Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
560 550 have
b) 24 km/hr, — m
5x10-6x5
a) 25 km/hr, - y m
the speed of the train = —; 20 m/sec and
d) None of these 6—5
550 (10-5)X6X5
c) 25
Answers km/hr, - ym the length of the train = - — 7 ^ = 150 m.
1. c; Hint: Speed of the second person will be less than the 6—5
first. Because train takes more time to overtake first per- Exercise
son than the second. 1. If a train overtake's two persons who are walking in the
same direction in which the train is going at the rate of 2
15x27 km/hr and 4 km/hr and passes them completely in 9 and
(6-x)
2x4 5 10 seconds. Find the length of train and its speed in km
or, 75 x = 2km/hr
15 27 18 per hour.
2 ~4 a) 50m, 22 km/hr b) 52 m, 25 km/hr
2. a; Hint: Since the train takes lesser time to cross the sec- c) 100 m, 44 km/hr d) Data inadequate
ond person than the first. Hence, speed of the second 2. A train passes two men walking in the direction oppo-
person will be lesser than the first. Let the speed of the site to the train at 7 m/sec and at 12 m/sec in 5 and 4
second person be x km/hr. seconds respectively. Find the length of the train.
Now, applying the given rule, we have a) 100m b)120m c)75m d)125m
3. A train passes two men walking in the direction oppo-
(6-s)l8xl5
= 75 site to the train at 3 m/sec and 5 m/sec in 6 seconds and
18-15 18 5 seconds respectively. Find the length of the train.
or, 6-x-3 :.x = 3 km/hr a)75m b)80m c)65m d)60m
3.d 4.c Answers
-,5 5
Rule 24 1. a; Hint: M, = 2 km/hr = 2 x — = - m/sec
Theorem: A train passes two persons who are walking in 18 9
the direction opposite which the train is moving, at the rate 10
M , = 4 km/hr = 4 *
of A/, m/sec and M m/sec in T seconds and T seconds
2 x 2 18 — m/sec :
MT 2 2 -A/,7] !°-xl0-ix9
respectively. Then the speed of the train is
Speed of the train = 9 9 = — m/sec
10-9 9
•
rains https://telegram.me/pdf4exams475
and another train of the 200 m length travelling in oppo-

55 18 „
—x — = 22 km/hr site direction in 10 seconds. Find the speed of the sec-
ond train.
a) 108 km/hr b) 90 km/hr
*- -)l0x9
l 5 c)72km/hr d)81 km/hr
9 9)
.-. length of the train = = 50 m 3\ train 180 metres in length passes a pole in 20 seconds
10-9 and another train of the 108 m length travelling in oppo-
la 3.d site direction in 18 seconds. Find the speed of the sec-
ond train.
Rule 25 a) 21.6 km/hr b) 25.2 km/hr
Theorem: A train I , metres in length passes a pole in T c)21.2 km/hr {
d) 25.6 km/hr
mconds and another train of the length Answers

metres travel*
1,1 2.b . 3.b
*g in opposite direction in T seconds. T^ett the speed of
2
Rule 26
+e second train is m/sec or Theorem: If a train crosses I , mand m long bridge or
platform or tunnel In 7] seconds and T seconds respec-
2
(T -T
X 2 18
km/hr.
tively, then the length of the train
lis i m and
{ T l~ 2
T
trative Example ,
A train 100 metres in length passes a polefat10 sec-
onds and another train of the same iengm/miVellirig the speed of the train is m/sec.
in opposite direction in 8 seconds. Find the speed of
the second train. Illustrative Example
Detail Method: Ex.: A train crosses 210 metres and 122 metres long bridge
in 25 seconds and 17 seconds respectively. Find the
Speed of the first train = = 10 m/s length and speed of the train.
Soln: Detail Method: Let the length of the train L m and
100+100 „ speed o f the train be x m/sec.
Relative speed in second case = - = 25 m/.s According to the question equating the speed, ie
,i->i -till )u • 8
.-. Speed of the second train = 25 - 10 » 15 m/s 210+1 _ 122 + 1

=x
18 „ 25 ~ 17
or, 15x—= 54 km/hr or,(210+L)17 = 25(122+L)
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we or,25L-17L=210* 17-122*25
have 210x17-122x25 520
or, L = = 65 m
10-8"! 18 25-17 8
the speed of the train .-. Length of the train = 65 metres
10x8; + 8. 5
210 + 65 275 . .
120 18 .-. speed (x) = — — = *£r- = 11 m/sec
= — x — = 54 km/hr.
o 5 Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
lercise have
A train 120 m in length passes a pole in 12 seconds and the length of the train
another train of the length 100 m travelling in opposite 210x17-122x25 520
directions in 10 seconds. Find the speed of the train in = 65 mand
25-17 o 4-..
km per hour.
a)43.2 km/hr b)43 km/hr 210-122 88
c) 44 km/hr d) 43.5 km/hr the speed of the train =
25-17 = T = U m / s e C -
A train 150 metrer in length passes apole in 15 seconds
Exercise 96 + 144
1. A train takes 18 seconds to pass completely through a Relative speed in second case = — — — = 10 m/s
station 162 metres long and IS seconds to pass com- .-. speed of the second train
pletely through another station 120 metres long. Find = speed of the first train - relative speed.
' the length of the train and its speed in km/hr. [See Note]
a) 90 metres, 50 km/hr b) 90 metres, 50.4 km/hr
1 .-. speed of the second train =16m/s-10m/s
c) 92 metres, 50 km/hr d) 92 metres, 50.4 km/hr = 6 m/s
2. A train crosses 105 metres and 61 metres long bridge in „ 18 108 „ , 3
= 6 x = — = 21-km/hr
y
12^ seconds and 8^- seconds respectively. Find the

length and speed of the train. have
a) 65 m, 11 m/sec b) 32.5 m, 5.5 m/sec the speed of the second train
c) 32.5 m, 11 m/sec d) Data inadequate
18 144
3. A train crosses 420 metres and 244 metres long bridge in
50 seconds and 34 seconds respectively. Find the length 5 4\ 2—
4 xV
6) 24
and speed of the train. 18 96x18 . 18 108 3 0 ]
a) 130 m, 44 m/sec b) 130 m, 22 m/sec - 6 = 6 x y = — = 2 1 - km/hr

24x6
c) 130 m, 11 m/sec d) 65 m, 11 m/sec
[Note: In this case speed of the first train will be always more
Answers than the speed of the second train, because, first train
162x15-120x18 crosses the second train travelling in the same direc-
1. b; Hint: Length of the train = = 90 tion.
18-15
metres .-. Relative speed = First speed - Second speed
or, Second speed = First speed - Relative speed]
162-120
Speed of the train : 14 m/sec Exercise
1.
A train 192 metres in length passes a pole in 12 seconds
14x!8 and another train of the length 288 metres travelling in
^50.4 km/hr the same direction in 48 seconds. Find the speed of the
second train.
2.c 3.c
a)42.6km/hr b) 32.4km/hr c)32 km/hr d)21.6 km/hr
Rule 27 2 A train 72 metres in length passes a pole in 8 seconds
and another train of the length 108 metres travelling in
Theorem: A train L metres in length passes a pole in T
x
the same direction m 36 seconds. Find the speed of the
x
seconds and another train of the length L metres travel- second train.
2
a)14.4km/hr b)24km/hr c)15km/hr d)15.4km/hr

ling in the same direction in T seconds. The speed of the3. A train 144 metres in length passes a pole in 16 seconds
2
and another train of the length 216 metres travelling in

18 the same direction in 1 min 12 seconds. Find the speed
second train is TT km/hr or
X 2
of the second train.
a) 14.4 km/hr b)28.4km/hr
T ~T Z X c) 104.4 km/hr d) Data inadequate
T .T X 2
m/s. Answers
l.d 2.a 3.a
Ex.: A train 96 metres in length passes a pole in 6 seconds Rule 28
and another train of the length 144 metres travelling Theorem: A goods train and a passenger train are running
in the same direction in 24 seconds. Find the speed of on parallel tracks in the same or in the opposite direction.
the second train. The driver of the goods train observes that the passenger
Soln: Detail Method: train coming from behind overtakes and crosses his train
96 completely in T seconds. Whereas a passenger on the pas-
x
Speed of the first train 16 m/s

senger train marks that he crosses the goods train in T-
Trains
seconds. If the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of a: b,
then the ratio of their lengths is given by

T\-Ti B , 8 B 3
Illustrative Examples or '7 +1 = ? or '7 ?
=
p . 1 : A goods train and a passenger train are running on .-. A : B = 5:3

parallel tracks in the same direction. The driver of the Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
goods train observes that the passenger train com- have
km/hr ing from behind overtakes and crosses his train com-
pletely in 60 seconds. Whereas a passenger on the the required ratio - ^ - = 1 = 5:3
:
40-25 3
passenger train marks that he crosses the goods train
in 40 seconds. I f the speeds of the trains be in the Exercise
ratio of 1 :2, find the ratio of their lengths. 1. A goods train and a passenger train are running on par-
Soln: Detail Method: Suppose the speeds of the two trains allel tracks in the same direction. The driver of the goods
are x m/s and Zx m/s respective^. Also, suppose that (ram observes that the passenger train coming from be-
the lengths of the two trains are A m and B m respec- hind overtakes and crosses his train completely in 30
tively. seconds. Whereas a passenger on the passenger train
marks that he crosses the goods train in 20 seconds. If
A+B „
Then, = 60 (1) the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of 1 : 2, find the
2x -x ratio of their lengths.
a)3:2 b)3:l c)2:l d)4:l
and — = 40 (2) 2. A goods train and a passenger train are running on par-
2x-x
allel tracks in the same direction. The driver of the goods
Dividing (1) by (2) we have
train observes that the passenger train coming from be-
A+J3 60= hind overtakes and crosses his train completely in 40
A ~40 seconds. Whereas a passenger on the passenger train
marks that he crosses the goods train in 30 seconds. I f
B . 3 B 1 the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of 1 : 2, find the
or, l = -
'7 I
7 +
o r =
ratio of their lengths.
;.A:B = 2:1 a)3:l b)l:2 c)l:3 d)l:2
Qokker Method; Applying the abxrve theorem, «(? 1 A g&sds tram and a passenger Jre.w are wm'mg on par-
have allel tracks in the same direction. Thi driver of the goods
train observes that the passenger train coming from be-
40
the required ratio ,_
1 = 40:20 = 2:1 hind overtakes and crosses his train completely in 50
60-40 seconds. Whereas a passenger on the passenger train
A goods train and a passenger train are running on marks that he crosses the goods train in 25 seconds. I f
parallel tracks in the opposite directions. The pas- the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of 1 : 2, find the
senger train crosses the goods train completely in 40 ratio of their lengths.
seconds. Whereas a passenger on the passenger train a)2:l b)l:2
marks that he crosses the goods train in 25 seconds. c) 3 :2 d) both trains will be of same length
If the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of 4: 5, find 4. A goods train and a passenger train are running on par-
the ratio of their lengths. allel tracks in the same direction. The driver of the goods
Detail Method: Suppose the speeds of the two trains train observes that the passenger train coming from be-
are Ax m/sec and Sx m/sec respectively. Also sup- hind overtakes and crosses his train completely in 15
pose that the lengths of the two trains are A m and B seconds. Whereas a passenger on the passenger train
m respectively. marks that he crosses the goods train in 12 seconds. If
A+B A n
the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of 1 : 2, find the
Then,- — = 40 ( l ) and ratio of their lengths.
4x + 5x v '
a)4:l b)3:l c)l:4 d)2:3
= 25.... )(2 Answers
4x + 5x
l.c 2. a '-i.d 4. a
Dividing (1) by (2), we have
Rule 29 536
or,D= —— = 134 km
Theorem: A train after travelling d km meets with an x 4
.-. Distance which the train travels =134 km.
x Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
accident and then proceeds at ~ of its former speed and have
arrives at its destination /, hours late. Had the accident
occurred d kmfurther, It would have reached the destina-
2
speed of train =
m 6x4x6
= 48 km/hr
tion only t hours late. The speed of the train is
2 3^35-25")
4{ 60 J
24x35
km/hr and the distance which train travels is
and distance = 50 + — ^ — = 50+84 = 134 km
Note: A train after travelling d km meets with an accident

x
? d t + ^l and then proceeds at of its former speed and ar-

km.
h-h)
rives at its destination f, hours late. Had the accident
Ex: A train after travelling SO km meets with an accident occurred d km behind, it would have reached the
2
3 ' $ 5
destination only t hours late. The speed of the train
2
and then proceeds at — of its former speed and ar-

rives at its destination 35 minutes late. Had the acci-
dent occurred 24 km further, it would have reached 1--
the destination only 25 minutes late. Find the speed y)
of the train and the distance which the train travels. is given by km/hr and the distance is
Soln: Detail Method: Let the speed of the ti ain be x km/hr
and the distance D km.
From the question we have,
given by a , + ^ L km.
50 i (l>-50)4 D 35
|
x 3x x 60 Ex.: A train after travelling 50 km meets with an accident

150 + 4D-200 12D+Ix 3
or, 3x I2x and then proceeds at — of its former speed and ar-
or, 4Z>-7x = 200 ....(i)and rives at its destination 25 minutes late. Had the acci-
dent occurred 24 km behind, it would have reached
74 (D-74)4_£> 25 the destination only 35 minutes late. Find the speed
x 3x x 60 of the train and the distance travelled by the train.
222+4D-296 \2D+5x Soln: Detail Method: Let the distance be D km and speed
or, 3x \lx be the x km/hr
From the question, we have
4D-5x = 296 ...(ii)
50 (D-50)4 D 25 D 5
Now, subtracting equation (i) from the equation (ii), — + i C = _ + — = _ + —
we have x 3x x 60 x 12
2x=96 150 + 4P-200 UD + 5x
.-. x=48 km/hr or, 3x ~ I2x
.-. Speed.ofthe train = 48 km/hr
To find the distance, put the value of JC in equation (ii) 4D-50 12D + 5*
4D-5x=296 or, 3x I2x
or,4D-5x48=296
or, 16D-200 = 12D + 5x
MATH'
Trains
.-. 4D-5x = 200...(i)and

then proceeds at ^ of its former speed and arrives at its
an.
leorem, v.e 50-24 (fl-26)4 _ D 35_ Z) 7 _ \2D + lx destination 45 minutes late. Had the accident occurred
x 3JC ~ x 60 x 12 ~ 12* 36 km further, it would have reached the destination only
15 minutes late. Find the speed of the train and the dis-
26 4D-104 _ l2D + 7x
|
tance which the train travels.
= 48 km/hr r ' x 3x \2x a)216km/hr, 108km b) 108 km/hr, 108 km
78 + 4D-104 \2D + lx c) 206 km/hr, 180 km d) Data inadequate
or, A train after travelling 60 km meets with an accident and
3x \2x
2
34 km AD-26 \2D + lx then proceeds at — of its former speed and arrives at its
or, 3x \2x
destination 40 minutes late. Had the accident occurred
an accident or, 4D-7x = 104 ....(ii) 30 km further, it would have reached the destination only
Now, subtracting equation (ii) from equation (i) we 20 minutes late. Find the speed of the train and the dis-
eed and ar- have tance which the train travels,
2x=96 a) 45 km/hr, 90 km b) 60 km/hr, 120 km
:he accident .-. x = 48 km/hr c) 45 km/hr, 120 km d) None of these
Put the value of* in equation (i) and find the distance
reached the Answers
(D)
l.c 2.a 3.c
of the train or, 4D-5x48 = 200
or, 4D=200 + 240 = 440 Rule 30
440
.-. D = — = 110 km. . Theorem: A train after travelling d km meets with an
x
4
distance is Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we X ,u"' -. :• i
have accident and then proceeds at ~ of its former speed and
arrives at the terminus f, hours late. Had the accident hap-

'l--|24
6x4x6 pened d km further on, it would have arrives t minutes
the speed ofthe train = 48 2 2
3^35-25 V
an accident 4^ 60 J
1--
km/hr and
peed and ar- sooner. The speed of the train is km/hr and
the distance = 50+ 2 4 x 2 5 =50 + 60 = 110 km.
lad the acci- 10
lave reached
nd the speed trcise d t +d t
x 2 2 x
y the train, A train running from A to B meets with an accident 50 the distance is km.
m and speed
kilometres from A, after which it moves with — th of its Illustrative Example
original speed, and arrives at B 3 hours late. Had the Ex.: A train after travelling 50 km meets with an accident
accident happened 50 kilometres further on, it would • ' •"• • 4 \ -a -
have been only 2 hours late. Find the original speed of and then proceeds at — of its former rate and arrives
the train and the distance from A to B.
at the terminus 45 minutes late. Had the accident hap-
pened 20 km further on, it would have arrived 12 min-
a) 30 km/hr, 200 km b)33y km/hr, 200^-km utes sooner. Find the rate of the train and the dis-
tance.
c ) 3 3 j krn/hr,200km d) 3 0 i km/hr,200km Soln: Detail Method - 1 : Let the distance be D km and the
speed of the train be x km/hr.
A train after travelling 54 km meets with an accident and From the question we have,
.*. Usual time taken to travel 20 km = 48 min.

50 (D-50)5 D 45 D 3
x 4x x 60 x 4 20
200 + 5D-250 4Z) + 3x .-. Speed of the train per hour = — x 6 0 = 25 km

or, 4x 4X From (1) we have,
or, 5D-50 = 4D+3x time taken to travel CB = 45 * 4 min = 3 hours
or, D-3x = 50 (i)and ••• the distance CB = 25x3or75km
50 + 20 to-(50 + 20)}5 D 45-12 D 11 Hence the distance AB = the distance (AC + CB) =
x 4x x 60 x 20 (50+75) or 125 km.
70 5D-350 20£> + lbc have
or, — + 1
x 4x 20x l-jjx20 x20
280 + 5D-350 20D + 11* the required speed = 4 12 :5x;
A
or, 4x 20x —x — 4x —x —
1 1
5 60 5 5
or, 25D-350 = 20D + lbt =25 km/hr and
or, 5D-11* = 350 ....(ii) the required distance
Now, 5 x equation (i) - equation (ii), we have
50x12 + 20x45 600 + 900 1500
4x =100 = 125 km.
12 12 12
100 ^ Note: The above example can be solved by applying the
.'• x = —— = 25 km/hr
4 previous theorem (ie Rule 29),
.-. speed of the train = 25 km/hr Here, t = 45 -12 = 33 min
2
Put the value of x in equation (i) to find the value of

Now, speed of the train
distance (D).
D-3x=50
or,D-3 *25 = 50 20 1
5) ' 25 km/hr
.-. D= 125km
4 f 45-33 4 1
.-. distance which train travels = 125 km.
5 60 —x—
Detail Method - I I : Let A be the starting place, B the 5 5
terminus, C and D the places where the accidents
take place. 20x45
Distance= 50 + — - — = 50 + 75 = 125 km.
A C D B 12
I I I I Exercise
1. A train after travelling 100 km meets with an accidera
By travelling at — of its original rate, the train would
3' I
and then proceeds at — of its former rate and arrives at
5 : i ;•' .
take — of its usual time ie — of its original time more. the terminus 48 minutes late. Had the accident happened
4 4 30 km further on, it would have arrived 24 minutes sooner
,.- U - _~ .. - ~ Find the rate of the train and the distance,
.-. — of the usual time taken to travel the distance a) 50 km/hr, 160 km b) 45 km/hr, 150km
4
c) 50 km/hr, 150 km d) 50 km/hr, 120 km
CB=45min....(l) 2. A train after travelling 90 km meets with an accident and
1
then proceeds at — of its former rate and arrives at the
and — of the usual time taken to travel the distance
DB = (45-12) = 33 min ....(2) terminus 40 minutes late. Had the accident happened 45
Subtracting (2) from (1) km further on, it would have arrived 20 minutes sooner
Find the rate of the train and the distance,
— of the usual time taken to travel the distance CD a) 67.5 km/hr, 160 km b) 67.5 km/hr, 180 km
4 c) 68 km/hr, 180 km d) 72 km/hr, 180 km
= 12 min 3. A train after travelling 54 km meets with an accident anc
Trains 481
4d-l2x d „,
then proceeds at — of its former rate and arrives at the or,— = - or,4d-\2x = 3d
3x x
terminus 45 minutes late. Had the accident happened 36 or, d = 12x
km further on, it would have arrived 15 minutes sooner. In 2nd case distance of accident site = (3* + 150) km
Find the rate of the train and the distance, Distance left = d - (3x +150)
a) 48 km/hr, 189km b) 48 km/hr, 180km
c) 42 km/hr, 190 km d) None of these 3x + 150 , d-(3x + 150) d 7
•'• +1+ — '- = — + -
x 75 2 x
Answers xx —
l.a 2.b 3.a 100
3x + 150 4rf-12x-600 \2x 5
Rule 31 or, + :
3x = + -
Theorem: A train meets with an accident' hours after
starting, which detains it for '$' hours, after which it pro- = 12 or, d = \2x
ceeds at ~ of its original speed. It arrives at the destina- 3*+ 150 36*-600 29
tion 't ' hours late. Had the accident taken place'd' km
2
or, x 3x
farther along the railway line, the train would have arrived 15*-50 29
or, or, = 100
x
only *7 'hours late. The original speed of the train is given

3
x 2
;. original speed of the train = 100 km/hr
x v distance (d)= 12*
.-. distance = 12 x 100 = 1200 km
y> Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we
by km/hr and the length of the trip is given by have.
y
15ofl--
d the original speed = = 100 km/hr and
km.
'3 A 4{ 2)
Ex.: A train meets with an accident 3 hours after starting,
which detains it for 1 hour, after which it proceeds at 150 (4 ^
75% of its original speed. It arrives at the destination the required distance = 4+3 - - 1
4 hours late. Had the accident taken place 150 km A ^ U J
farther along the railway line, the train would have 4 "2j
= 300x4= 1200 km.
arrived only 3 ^ hours late. Find the length of the trip Note: 1. Change the percentage into fraction. In the above
and the original speed of the train. 75 _ 3
Soln: Detail Method: Let the distance be d km and the ini- example 75%=
100 4"
tial speed be x km/hr. 2. In the above formula, detention time (t) has been
As the accident taken place after 3 hours cancelled.
Distance of accident site = 3x km
Distance left = (d - 3x) km Exercise
Es. . d , X
1. A train meets with an accident 4 hours after starting,
Total time taken, if no accident happened = — hrs which detains it for 2 hours, after which it proceeds at
60% of its original speed. It arrives at the destination 5
Given is
hours late. Had the accident taken place 180 km farther
, , d-3x d . 4d-\2x
A d , along the railway line, the train would have arrived only
3 + 1+ — = — + 4=>4+ =—+4 4 hours late. Find the length of the trip and the original
xx- 75 x 3x x speed of the train.
100
48: PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS
a) 120krn/hr, 1830km b) 120km/hr, 1380km have

c) 100 km/hr, 1530 km d) 100 km/hr, 1280km
48
2 A train meets with an accident 5 hours after starting, the speed of the train = -x5 = 80 km/hr and
which detains it for 1 hour, after which it proceeds at 48-45
40% of its original speed. It arrives at the destination 6 45x48
hours late. Had the accident taken place 200 km farther the distance = 5 — = 60 km.
48-45 60
along the railway line, the train wouldhave arrived only
5 hours late. Find the length of the trip and the original 1
speed of the train. Note: (1) In the formula for distance we have used — to
a) 300 knvhr, 1700km b) 200 km/hr, 1650km 60
c)350km/hr, 1750km d) 250 km/hr, 1700 km change minutes into hours.
(2) We don't need to remember the formula for dis-
Answers tance. Once we find the speed, we may use the
l.b 2.a first information to find the distance.
45
Rule 32 Thus, distance = 80 x — = 60 km
60
Theorem: A train covers a distance between station A and
Exercise
B in 7j hours. If the speed is reduced by x km/hr, it will 1. A train covers a distance between stations A and B in 2
cover the same distance in T hours, then the distance be-
2
hours. If the speed is reduced by 6 km/hr, it will cover the
same distance in 3 hours. What is the distance between
xT T ^ ( x the two stations A and B (in km)? Also, find the speed of
2
tween the two stations A and B is km and the the train.

K 2 \J T
a) 36 km, 18 km/hr
l
b) 42 km, 21 km/hr
c)18km,9km/hr d) 28 km, 14 km/hr
*T 2
speed of the train is given by km/hr. 2 A train covers a distance between stations A and B in 1
hour. If the speed is reduced by 4 km/hr, it will cover the
same distance in 3 hours. What is the distance between
the two stations A and B (in km)? Also, find the speed of
Ex.: A train covers a distance between stations A and B the train.
in 45 minutes. If the speed is reduced by 5 km/hr, it a)8km,5km/hr b)6km,6km/hr
will cover the same distance in 48 minutes. What is c) 9 km, 6 km/hr d) Data inadequate
the distance between the two stations A and B (in 3. A train covers a distance between stations A and B in 3
km)? Also, find the speed of the train. hours. If the speed is reduced by 8 km/hr, it will cover the
Soln: Detail Method: Suppose the distance is x km and the same distance in 6 hours. What is the distance between
speed of the train is y km/hr. the two stations A and B (in km)? Also, find the speed of
Thus we have two relationships: the train.
x 45 3 3 a) 36 km, 12 km/hr b) 40 km, 15 km/hr
( 1 ) - = 77 = T = = T3
: > J C ;
c) 48 km, 16 km/hr d) Data inadequate
y 60 4
Answers
x48 4 4 / IK l.a 2.b 3.c
(2) = — = - = > * = —(y-5)
y - 5 60 5 5 V 1
Rule 33
From (1) and (2)
Theorem: Two places P and Q are D km apart A train
leaves Pfor Q and at the same time another train leaves Q
for P. Both the trains meet Thours after they start moving.
If the train travelling from PtoQ travels x km/hrfaster or
4x20 o n
slower than the other train, then the speed of the faster
> > 7lor —
or ,= T 7IJ
_ knvhr
= 8 0
(D + Tx} {D-Tx\
Therefore speed = 80 km/hr and distance train is _™ km/hr and the slower train is
IT
km/hr.
x = - x 8 0 = 60 km
Illustrative Examples
Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem, we Ex. 1: Two places P and Q are 162 km apart. A train leaves P
Trains 483
for Q and at the same time another train leaves Q for P. a) 7 km/hr, 15 km/hr b)8km/hr, 16 km/hr
Both the trains meet 6 hrs after they start moving. I f c)8km/hr, 15km/hr d) 7 km/hr, 16 km/hr
the train travelling from P to Q travels 8 km/hr faster 4. Two places P and Q are 150 km apart. A train leaves P for
than the other train, find the speed of the two trains. Q and at the same time another train leaves Q for P. Both
Soln: Detail Method: Suppose the speeds of the two trains the trains meet 2 hrs after they start moving. If the train
are p km/hr and q km/hr respectively. Thus travelling from P to Q travels 5 km/hr slower than the
other train, find the speed of the two trains.
162
p + q = —— = 27 .... (i) and p - q = 8 .... (ii)
6 a) 2 1 ^ km/hr, 16 km/hr b) 42^-km/hr 3 5 km/hr
2 2
(i) + (ii) implies that
c)421an/hr,36km/hr d) Can't be determined
2p = 35 .-. p= 17.5 km/hr
and (i) - (ii) implies that Answers
2q= 19 .-. q = 9.5km/hr l.c 2. a 3. a 4.b
have, Rule 34
Theorem: Two trains A and B start from P and Qtowards Q
162 + 6x8 162-6x8
speeds of the trains : and and P respectively. After passing each other they take T
2x6 2x6
hours and T hours to reach Q and P respectively, if the
2
= 17.5 km/hr and 9.5 km/hr.
Ex. 2: Two places P and Q are 162 km apart. A train leaves P train from P is moving x km/hr, then the speed of the other
for Q and at the same time another train leaves Q for P.
Both the trains meet 6 hrs after they start moving. I f train is km/hr.
the train travellingfromP to Q travels 8 km/hr slower
Or
than the other train, find the speed of the two trains.
Speed of thefirst train
Soln: Applying the above theorem, we have
the speed of the slower train Time taken by first train after meeting
162-6x8 Time taken by second train after meeting
9.5 km/hr and
2x6
the speed of the faster train Ex.: Two trains A and B start from Delhi and Patna to-
162 + 6x8 = 17.5 km/hr. wards Patna and Delhi respectively. After passing
2x6 each other they take 4 hours 48 minutes and 3 hours
and 20 minutes to reach Patna and Delhi respectively.
Exercise If the train from Delhi is moving at 45 km/hr then find
L Two places P and Q are 160 km apart. A train leaves P for the speed of the other train.
Q and at the same time another train leaves Q for P. Both Soln: Detail Method:
the trains meet 5 hrs after they start moving. If the train A * B
travelling from P to Q travels 6 km/hr faster than the Delhi (45 km) M x km/hr Patna
other train, find the speed of the two trains. Suppose the speed of train B is x km/hr and they meet
a)19km/hr, 16km/hr b) 131oTVhr,9km/hr at M. Now,
c) 19 km/hr, 13 km/hr d) Can't be determined distance MB = 45 x (4 hrs + 48 minutes)
2. Two places P and Q are 92 km apart. A train leaves P for
Q and at the same time another train leaves Q for P. Both
the trains meet 4 hrs after they start moving. If the train =^5* ( j ) =
4 4 5 x y = 2 1 6 km
t travelling from P to Q travels 7 km/hr faster than the And the distance AM = x x (3 hrs + 20 minutes)
other train, find the speed of the two trains,
a) 15 km/hr, 8 km/hr b) 12 km/hr, 8 km/hr f.n lOx
c)121an/hr,9krn/hr d) 15 km/hr, 9 km/hr
3. TWO places P and Q are 132 km apart. A train leaves P for = H 3 j= T"
Q and at the same time another train leaves Q for P. Both Now, the time to reach the trainfromPatna to M = the
the trains meet 6 hrs after they start moving. If the train time to reach the train from Delhi to M.
travelling from P to Q travels 7 km/hr slower than the MB AM 216 lOx
other train, find the speed of the two trains. or, Is" OT'T 3 + 45
each takes 3 seconds to cross a telegraph post, find

or, \0x =216x3x45 or, x =2916
2 2
the time taken by the trains to cross each other com-
.*. x=54 km/hr.
pletely?
Soln: Detail Method: Since both the trains cross a telegraph
have
pole in equal time, the ratio of their speeds should be
the speed of the other train
equal to the ratio of their lengths. That is, the lengths
of the two trains are in the ratio of 3 : 4.
Suppose the lengths of the two trains be 3x and Ax
= 45 1=45^^1
1 V 5 10
= 45,1 metres respectively. Since each of them takes 3 sec-
onds to cross a telegraph pole, speed of the first train
1 3* '
= — = „ m/s and speed of the second train
= 4 5 x - = 54 km/hr.
4x
Exercise = — m/s
1. Two trains A and B start from Lucknow and Delhi to- Since they are moving in opposite directions their
wards Delhi and Lucknow respectively. After passing
each other they take 4 hours and 9 hours to reach Delhi Ax Ix
and Lucknow respectively. If the train from Lucknow is
relative speed =x + ~~^~ ~^~ ^
= m s
moving at 60 km/hr then find the speed of the other train.
a)40km/hr b)30km/hr c)35km/hr d)50km/hr Sum of their lengths = 3x + Ax = Ix m
2. Two trains A and B start from Delhi and Chandigarh Tx
time taken to cross each other = = 3 sees.
towards Chandigarh and Delhi respectively. After pass- Tx
,1 3
ing each other they take 3— hours and 5 hours to reach Quicker Method: Applying the above theorem,
Chandigarh and Delhi respectively. If the trainfromDelhi Here x: y = 3 :4 and a = b = 3 seconds
is moving at 35 km/hr then find the speed of the other Thus, time to cross each other
train. 3x3+3x4 21 ,
a)26km/hr b)42km/hr c)28km/hr d)32km/hr = — ~ — - — - — - 3 seconds.
3+4 7
3. Two trains A and B start from Kanpur and Patna to-
Note: As in the above example, if a = b then the general
wards Patna and Kanpur respectively. After passing each
formula becomes:
other they take 4 hours and 1 hour to reach Patna and
Required time to cross each other
Kanpur respectively. If the train from Kanpur is moving
at 30 km/hr then find the speed of the other train. = "(x + y)
a) 15 km/hr b)60km/hr (x + y) = a sees.
c) 45 km/hr d) Can't be determined
Ex 2: The speeds of two trains are in the ratio of 7 :9. They
Answers are moving on the opposite directions on parallel
La 2.c 3.b tracks. The first train crosses a telegraph pole in 4
seconds whereas the second train crosses the pole in
Rule 35 6 seconds. Find the time taken by the trains to cross
Theorem: Thespeedoftwo trains are in the ratio x:y. They each other completely.
are moving in the opposite directions on paralle tracks. Soln: Detail Method: Suppose the speeds are Ix m/s and 9x
The first train crosses a telegraph pole in 'a' seconds m/s
whereas the second train crosses a telegraph pole in 'b' Then length of first train = Ix x 4 = 28x metres and the
seconds. Time taken by the trains to cross each other com- length of second train = 9x x 6 = 54* metres
( ax + by^ Sum of lengths
pletely is given by I seconds. Time to cross each other = Sum ofspeeds
28;r + 54s _ _82

_ _ _41 1
Illustrative Examples 5— seconds.
lx + 9x 16 8 8
Ex. 1: The speeds of two trains are in the ratio 3:4. They are
Quicker Method: Using the above theorem, we have
going in opposite directions along parallel tracks. If

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Rule 1 [Clerical Grade Exam, 1989|

458 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Rule 2 seconds. The speed of the train in m/sec is

6. A train 200 m long is running with a speed of 72 km/hr. In

•}. a tively are running in opposite directions, one at the

§.c 10. d Exercise

Time taken by the train to cover (700 + x) m ,1

460 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

does it take to cross another train 170 metres long, run-

462 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICK ATHS

Total length = 60 m + 84 m•= 144 m Rule 5 Of

121.3 + 171.2 292.5x2 Illustrative Example

= Time taken to cover (110 + 90) m at m/sec

walking at 5 km/hr in the opposite direction. Find the Rule 7

Distance travelled in 18 sees at this speed = — (50 + 40)x30 = 75 m

2 2 walking aty km/hr in the same direction, then the length of

464 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATI

Illustrative Example platform,

platform of metres is given byL + L seconds.

.-. Length of the train = 50 m Illustrative Example

466 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Exercise .-. Total distance = 110 km = 40x + 50 (x - 2)

4. A train startsfromstation A at 9 am and travels at 50 km

Rule 13 a) 150m b)100m

in 22 seconds. Find the length and speed of the train,

468 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

speeds pass a static pole in /, seconds and t seconds re

spectively. They are moving in the opposite directions. T

Relative speed when they are moving in the same 4 5

470 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

seconds respectively. When they are moving in the same

1<2 opposite direction they will cross each other in

when they are moving in theopposite direction? 100 + 125 9

they will cross each other in | ' 0 seconds ie Rule 21

average of the two times.

EXJ Two trains of the length 100 m and 125 m respectively

472 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

100+80 running in opposite directions they pass each other in 7j

J 27 "\ Illustrative Example

Exercise Illustrative Example

c)120m,90m d) 100m, 75m

a) 225 m, 100 m b)125 m, 200 m

the two men, all in the same direction.

Speed of the train» km/hr

or metres. seconds. Subsequently it overtook a second person,

474 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

and another train of the 200 m length travelling in oppo-

mconds and another train of the length Answers

.-. Speed of the second train = 25 - 10 » 15 m/s 210+1 _ 122 + 1

476 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

12^ seconds and 8^- seconds respectively. Find the

a) 130 m, 44 m/sec b) 130 m, 22 m/sec - 6 = 6 x y = — = 2 1 - km/hr

a)14.4km/hr b)24km/hr c)15km/hr d)15.4km/hr

and another train of the length 216 metres travelling in

Speed of the first train 16 m/s

seconds. If the speeds of the trains be in the ratio of a: b,

then the ratio of their lengths is given by

p . 1 : A goods train and a passenger train are running on .-. A : B = 5:3

478 PRACTICE BOOK ON QUICKER MATHS

Note: A train after travelling d km meets with an accident

? d t + ^l and then proceeds at of its former speed and ar-