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FUNDAMENTALS

Names of the planets (Grahas) and their symbols are given in Table 1. Table 2 gives the nomenclature used for zodiac signs, their relative positions in the cosmos. Each
Rasi is ruled by a planet. Every Rasi has a unique nature. These are listed in Table 1-2. The different types of positional relationships or neighbourliness among the planets are
listed in the form of aspects in Table 3. Table 4 lists the 27 Nakshatras, their space co-ordinates, and the planets ruling them. Table 5 gives the internal relationship between Rasis
and Nakshatras.

Table 1. Planets
Western name Hindu name we use here Symbol
Sun Ravi (RA) ¸
Moon Chandra (CH) ›
Mercury Budha (BU) ð
Venus Sukra (SU) ±
Mars Kuja (KU) ¡
Jupiter Guru (GU) ¥
Saturn Sani (SA) {
Dragon’s head Rahu (RH) ¨
Dragon’s tail Ketu (KE) ‚
Uranus Indra (ID) †
Neptune Varun (VA) ‡
Pluto Yama (YA) ˆ or ^

Table 2. Zodiac/Rasi
Arc measure Western name Hindu name Nature Symbol Rasi lord
0° to 30° Aries Mesha(m) Fiery ÷ KU (¡)
30° to 60° Taurus Vrishabha(m) Earthy š SU (±)
60° to 90° Gemini Mithuna(m) Airy Ð BU (ð)
90° to 120° Cancer Karkataka(m) Watery ˜ CH (›)
Leo Simha(m) Fiery ¬ RA (¸)
120° to 150°
Virgo Kanya Earthy ª BU (ð)
150° to 180°
Libra Thula Airy « SU (±)
180° to 210° Scorpio Vrischika(m) Watery … KU (¡)
210° to 240° Sagittarius Dhanu(s) Fiery } GU (¥)
240° to 270° Capricorn Makara(m) Earthy ƒ SA ({)
270° to 300° Aquarius Kumbha(m) Airy ‹ SA ({)
300° to 330° Pisces Meena(m) Watery Š GU (¥)
330° to 360°

When the Rasi name is used as adjective we usually remove the last letter.
e.g.: Rasi name: Mesham; As adjective: Mesha Rasi and so on

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Table 3. Aspects
Aspect name Degree measure Symbol
Conjunction 0° ´
Semi-sextile 30° Þ
Semi-square 45° ¼
Sextile 60° µ
Square ¹
90°
Trine º
120°
Sesquiquadrate ¤
Quincunx 135° ‾
Opposition 150°
180°

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Table 4. Nakshatras and their lords

1. Aswini (0°-13°:20¢)
2. Bharani(13°:20¢-26°:40¢)
3. Krithika(26°:40¢-40°)
4. Rohini(40°-53°:20¢)
5. Mrigasira(53°:20¢-66°:40¢)
6. Ardra(66°:40°:80¢)
7. Punarvasu(80°-93°:20¢)
8. Pushyami(93°:20¢-106°:40¢)
9. Aslesha(106°:40¢-120°)
Nakshatras (each measures 13°:20¢ arc) Lord
10. Makha (120°-133°:20¢) 19. Moola (240°-253°-20¢) KE
11. Pubba(133°:20¢-146°:40¢) 20. Purvashadha(253°:20¢-266°:40¢) SU
12. Uttara(146°:40¢-160°) 21. Uttarashadha(266°:40¢-280°) RA
13. Hasta(160°-173°:20¢) 22. Sravanam(280°-293°:20¢) CH
14. Chitta(173°:20¢-186°:40¢) 23. Dhanista(293°:20¢-306°:40¢) KU
15. Swathi(186°:40¢-200°) 24. Satabhisham(306°:40¢-320°) RH
16. Visakha(200°-213°:20¢) 25. Purvabhadra(320°-333°:20¢) GU
17. Anuradha213°:20¢-226°:40¢) 26. Uttarabhadra(333°:20¢-346°:40¢) SA
18. Jeysta(226°:40¢-240°) 27. Revathi(346°:40¢-360°) BU

Table 5. Relationship between Rasis and Nakshatras

Rasi (each measures 30° arc) Nakshatras in the Rasi (each Nakshatra measures 13°:20¢ arc)
Mesham Aswini, Bharani, first quarter of Krithika
Vrishabham Last three quarters of Krithika, Rohini, first two quarters of Mrigasira
Mithunam Last two quarters of Mrigasira, Ardra, first three quarters of Punarvasu
Karkatakam Last quarter of Punarvasu, Pushyami, Aslesha
Simham Makha, Pubba, first quarter of Uttara
Kanya Last three quarters of Uttara, Hasta, first two quarters of Chitta
Thula Last two quarters of Chitta, Swathi, first three quarters of Visakha
Vrischikam Last quarter of Visakha, Anuradha, Jeysta
Dhanus Moola, Purvashadha, first quarter of Uttarashadha
Makaram Last three quarters of Uttarashadha, Sravanam, first two quarters of Dhanista
Kumbham Last two quarters of Dhanista, Satabhisham, first three quarters of Purvabhadra
Meenam Last quarter of Purvabhadra, Uttarabhadra, Revathi

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