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PHP CRUD Part 1 Introduction

In this section, overall CRUD operation is introduced as well as we are going to develop a simple CRUD
(Create, Retrieve, Update, Delete) PHP operations. In a web application, these are the basic stuff
required to create, retrieve, update and delete the data using PHP with MYSQLI Database. You will be
creating the database tables and inserting the data’s into the database tables without any fatal error. This
is an uncomplicated and easy tutorial to learn a CRUD operation. To understand how CRUD operations
work, I recommend you to go through each part of this tutorial.

Below video illustrates the final system of this tutorial. The source code of this application will be
provided at the end of this tutorial.

2. PHP CRUD Part 2 Configure Database

Database Name : php_crud

Table Name : members

Table Column : id, fname, lname, contact, age, active

To create the database in this tutorial, there are two ways.

2.1 First way to create database

Copy and paste this following SQL command in your MySQL database to create database and table

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CREATE DATABASE `php_crud`;

// create table

CREATE TABLE `php_crud`.`members` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`fname` varchar(255) NOT NULL,

`lname` varchar(255) NOT NULL,

`contact` varchar(255) NOT NULL,

`age` varchar(255) NOT NULL,

`active` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;

2.2 Second way to create database

A tutorial video to demonstrate you, how to create a database and tables for this tutorial

3. PHP CRUD Part 3 Setting up project folder

In this part, we will be creating a project folder and files for this tutorial. First of all, create the project
folder as “crud_php”. After that create the create.php, edit.php, index.php, and remove.php files inside
this project folder as shown [crud_php/create.php], [crud_php/edit.php] and so on.

Second, Create a folder named as “php_action” inside this project folder as [crud_php/php_action]
which will handle the server-side processing actions. In this directory create a create.php,
db_connect.php, remove.php and update.php file as shown [crud_php/php_action/create.php],
[crud_php/php_action/db_connect.php], and so on.

The current file structure should look like below if you have followed the steps correctly:

CRUD_PHP_FOLDER

The video displays you to create a project folder and files for this tutorial.

4. PHP CRUD Part 4 Database Connection

In the db_connect.php file i.e. [php_action/db_connect.php], this file contains a database connection. In
this application, db_connect.php file will be used to perform any action for CRUD. Such as connecting to
the database, executing the query, and closing the connection.

db_connect.php

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<?php

$localhost = "127.0.0.1";

$username = "root";

$password = "";

$dbname = "php_crud";

// create connection

$connect = new mysqli($localhost, $username, $password, $dbname);

// check connection

if($connect->connect_error) {

die("connection failed : " . $connect->connect_error);

} else {

// echo "Successfully Connected";


}

?>

5. PHP CRUD Part 5 Create

5.1 Adding “Add Member” Button and “Action” button

To start with create.php page we need a button which will lead to create.php page. Open index.php file
which we created in Chapter 3 in this tutorial. And add an “Add Member” button at the top of the table,
and “Edit”, “Remove” button at each row of the table.

Now the index.php file’s code should look like below, the highlighted code are what we need to
implement in this tutorial.

crud_php/index.php

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<?php require_once 'php_action/db_connect.php'; ?>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>PHP CRUD</title>

<style type="text/css">

.manageMember {

width: 50%;

margin: auto;

table {

width: 100%;

margin-top: 20px;

</style>

</head>

<body>
<div class="manageMember">

<a href="create.php"><button type="button">Add Member</button></a>

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">

<thead>

<tr>

<th>Name</th>

<th>Age</th>

<th>Contact</th>

<th>Option</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

</tbody>

</table>

</div>

</body>

</html>

Now if you go to the index.php page, you’ll see “Add member” button. Eventually, the create.php is
created at Chapter 3 and it will lead to a blank page when you click the “Add Member” button. In next
step, we will create a form to enter the member information into the system and add the member’s
information into the database.

add member btn

5.2 Creating a Create page


In create.php file which you created in Chapter 3. This file contains an HTML form where user’s input
data will pass to server side and add the information into the database.

The first part of this codes is to create an HTML form with required input field and pass the data to the
server.

crud_php/index.php

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<?php require_once 'php_action/db_connect.php'; ?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>

<title>PHP CRUD</title>

<style type="text/css">

.manageMember {

width: 50%;

margin: auto;

table {

width: 100%;

margin-top: 20px;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<div class="manageMember">

<a href="create.php"><button type="button">Add Member</button></a>

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">

<thead>

<tr>
<th>Name</th>

<th>Age</th>

<th>Contact</th>

<th>Option</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

</tbody>

</table>

</div>

</body>

</html>

Now if you go to the index.php page,

you’ll see “Add member” button. Eventually, the create.php is created at Chapter 3 and it will lead to a
blank page when you click the “Add Member” button. In next step, we will create a form to enter the
member information into the system and add the member’s information into the database.

add member btn

5.2 Creating a Create page

In create.php file which you created in Chapter 3. This file contains an HTML form where user’s input
data will pass to server side and add the information into the database.

The first part of this codes is to create an HTML form with required input field and pass the data to the
server.
?

5.2 Creating a Create page

In create.php file which you created in Chapter 3. This file contains an HTML form where user’s input
data will pass to server side and add the information into the database.

The first part of this codes is to create an HTML form with required input field and pass the data to the
server.

crud_php/create.php

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<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Add Member</title>

<style type="text/css">

fieldset {

margin: auto;

margin-top: 100px;

width: 50%;

table tr th {

padding-top: 20px;

</style>
</head>

<body>

<fieldset>

<legend>Add Member</legend>

<form action="php_action/create.php" method="post">

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">

<tr>

<th>First Name</th>

<td><input type="text" name="fname" placeholder="First Name" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>Last Name</th>

<td><input type="text" name="lname" placeholder="Last Name" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>Age</th>

<td><input type="text" name="age" placeholder="Age" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>Contact</th>

<td><input type="text" name="contact" placeholder="Contact" /></td>

</tr>
<tr>

<td><button type="submit">Save Changes</button></td>

<td><a href="index.php"><button type="button">Back</button></a></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</fieldset>

</body>

</html>

The second part of this codes insert process happens. Look through the codes and we will go through
them afterwards:

crud_php/php_action/create.php

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<?php

require_once 'db_connect.php';

if($_POST) {

$fname = $_POST['fname'];

$lname = $_POST['lname'];

$age = $_POST['age'];

$contact = $_POST['contact'];

$sql = "INSERT INTO members (fname, lname, contact, age, active) VALUES ('$fname', '$lname',
'$contact', '$age', 1)";

if($connect->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "<p>New Record Successfully Created</p>";

echo "<a href='../create.php'><button type='button'>Back</button></a>";


echo "<a href='../index.php'><button type='button'>Home</button></a>";

} else {

echo "Error " . $sql . ' ' . $connect->connect_error;

$connect->close();

?>

Let us look at the beginning of the code. It first checks if the form is submitted by using a $_POST global
variable. If a form is submitted then it inserts the data into the database by using $_POST. And check if
the query is executed successfully then it displays a successful message and link button.

The end result should look like this if you have followed the instruction correctly. Click on Add member at
the index page and enter the member information into the input field. Click on Save Changes button.

create

After creating some records by entering the member information, you should be able to see a CRUD grid
as below:

create2

6. PHP CRUD Part 6 Retrieve

In index.php page, we are going to retrieve the data that are stored in the database. This part is quite
easy. We need database connection file to execute the SQL command.

The highlighted codes are created for edit and remove button. You can copy all the codes below.

crud_php/index.php
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<?php require_once 'php_action/db_connect.php'; ?>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>PHP CRUD</title>

<style type="text/css">

.manageMember {

width: 50%;

margin: auto;

table {
width: 100%;

margin-top: 20px;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<div class="manageMember">

<a href="create.php"><button type="button">Add Member</button></a>

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">

<thead>

<tr>

<th>Name</th>

<th>Age</th>

<th>Contact</th>

<th>Option</th>

</tr>

</thead>

<tbody>

<?php

$sql = "SELECT * FROM members WHERE active = 1";

$result = $connect->query($sql);
if($result->num_rows > 0) {

while($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {

echo "<tr>

<td>".$row['fname']." ".$row['lname']."</td>

<td>".$row['age']."</td>

<td>".$row['contact']."</td>

<td>

<a href='edit.php?id=".$row['id']."'><button type='button'>Edit</button></a>

<a href='remove.php?id=".$row['id']."'><button type='button'>Remove</button></a>

</td>

</tr>";

} else {

echo "<tr><td colspan='5'><center>No Data Avaliable</center></td></tr>";

?>

</tbody>

</table>

</div>

</body>

</html>

Now if you open this page “index.php”, you should see the members information on the table. As well as
you should notice the “Edit” and “Remove” button at each table row data. They are not functional for
this part. In next part, we are going to learn about the update functionality for this tutorial.

7. PHP CRUD Part 7 Update


Go to edit.php file in [crud_php/edit.php] which was creating in Chapter 3. We will teach by two parts;
first part creating html form, and second part server side processing. The first part of the codes is an
HTML form to update the information of member. But it will not only update the data, it will display the
member information. Copy the code below to edit.php file at [crud_php/edit.php]:

crud_php/edit.php

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<?php

require_once 'php_action/db_connect.php';

if($_GET['id']) {

$id = $_GET['id'];

$sql = "SELECT * FROM members WHERE id = {$id}";

$result = $connect->query($sql);

$data = $result->fetch_assoc();

$connect->close();

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Edit Member</title>

<style type="text/css">

fieldset {

margin: auto;
margin-top: 100px;

width: 50%;

table tr th {

padding-top: 20px;

</style>

</head>

<body>

<fieldset>

<legend>Edit Member</legend>

<form action="php_action/update.php" method="post">

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">

<tr>

<th>First Name</th>

<td><input type="text" name="fname" placeholder="First Name" value="<?php echo


$data['fname'] ?>" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>Last Name</th>

<td><input type="text" name="lname" placeholder="Last Name" value="<?php echo


$data['lname'] ?>" /></td>

</tr>
<tr>

<th>Age</th>

<td><input type="text" name="age" placeholder="Age" value="<?php echo $data['age'] ?>"


/></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<th>Contact</th>

<td><input type="text" name="contact" placeholder="Contact" value="<?php echo


$data['contact'] ?>" /></td>

</tr>

<tr>

<input type="hidden" name="id" value="<?php echo $data['id']?>" />

<td><button type="submit">Save Changes</button></td>

<td><a href="index.php"><button type="button">Back</button></a></td>

</tr>

</table>

</form>

</fieldset>

</body>

</html>

<?php

?>
Let’s look at the code. At the beginning of the code, it catches the $id from a $_GET request. Then it
fetches the information by that $id variable. After the data is retrieved from the database, the
information is added in the input field. As well as the new input field is also appended to a name “id” to
match the specific member data when the form is submitted.

In Second part, the data update process is being coded here. Open the update.php file in
crud_php/php_action/update.php which was creating in Chapter 3. Open the file and copy and paste
these codes.

crud_php/php_action/update.php

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<?php

require_once 'db_connect.php';

if($_POST) {

$fname = $_POST['fname'];

$lname = $_POST['lname'];

$age = $_POST['age'];

$contact = $_POST['contact'];

$id = $_POST['id'];

$sql = "UPDATE members SET fname = '$fname', lname = '$lname', age = '$age', contact = '$contact'
WHERE id = {$id}";

if($connect->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "<p>Succcessfully Updated</p>";

echo "<a href='../edit.php?id=".$id."'><button type='button'>Back</button></a>";

echo "<a href='../index.php'><button type='button'>Home</button></a>";


} else {

echo "Erorr while updating record : ". $connect->error;

$connect->close();

?>

Let us look at the beginning of the code. It first checks if the form is submitted by using a $_POST global
variable. If a form is submitted then it updates the data in the database by using $_POST. And check if
the query is executed successfully then it displays a successful message and link button.

If you followed the step correct then your edit.php file should look like below:

update

8. PHP CRUD Part 8 Remove

Go to remove.php file in [crud_php/remove.php] which was creating in Chapter 3. The logic is the same
as we learned in Chapter 7 Update . In first part we’ll create html from and second part server side
processing file. Copy the code below to edit.php file at [crud_php/remove.php]:

php_crud/remove.php

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<?php

require_once 'php_action/db_connect.php';

if($_GET['id']) {

$id = $_GET['id'];

$sql = "SELECT * FROM members WHERE id = {$id}";

$result = $connect->query($sql);

$data = $result->fetch_assoc();

$connect->close();

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>Remove Member</title>

</head>

<body>
<h3>Do you really want to remove ?</h3>

<form action="php_action/remove.php" method="post">

<input type="hidden" name="id" value="<?php echo $data['id'] ?>" />

<button type="submit">Save Changes</button>

<a href="index.php"><button type="button">Back</button></a>

</form>

</body>

</html>

<?php

?>

Let’s look at the code. At the beginning of the code, it catches the $id from a $_GET request. Then it
fetches the information by that $id variable. After the data is retrieved from the database, a new input
field is also appended name “id” to match the specific member data when the form is submitted.

If you followed correctly, then the remove.php page should be similar to below:

remove

php_crud/php_action/remove.php

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<?php

require_once 'db_connect.php';

if($_POST) {

$id = $_POST['id'];

$sql = "UPDATE members SET active = 2 WHERE id = {$id}";

if($connect->query($sql) === TRUE) {

echo "<p>Successfully removed!!</p>";

echo "<a href='../index.php'><button type='button'>Back</button></a>";


} else {

echo "Error updating record : " . $connect->error;

$connect->close();

?>

Let’s look at the beginning of the code. It first checks if the form is submitted by using a $_POST global
variable. If a form is submitted then it removes the data. And checks if the query is executed successfully
then it displays a successful message and button link.

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