FEU INSTITUTE OF LAW 

MAKATI CITY 
 
CRIMINAL LAW I – ATTY. J. M. PABITON 
 
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MODULE V  
 
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ARTICLES 16 – 20 (Persons Criminally Liable),  
CONSPIRACY under ARTICLE 8, CONSPIRACY as a Means of Incurring Criminal Liability, and 
PUNISHABLE CONSPIRACIES 
 
PENALTIES – ARTICLES 7, 9, 25-27, 30-34, 40-46, 50 - 58 
 
OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE, ANTI FENCING LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF ACCESSORIES & 
ACCOMPLICES 
 
APPLICATION TO FELONIES  
Penalized with a Single Indivisible and Single Divisible Penalty 
 
 
Objectives:  
 
I. Understand  the  Concept  of  and  determine  penalties  for  Principals,  Accessories, 
Accomplices  in  relation  to  Consummated,  Frustrated  and  Attempted  stages  of  a 
felony 
 
II. Have an overview of penalties and accessory penalties 
 
III. Apply  the  understanding  of  I  in  the  context  of  felonies  penalized  with  a  Single 
Indivisible and Single Divisible Penalty  
 
 
INSTRUCTIONS:  
 
I. BE  READY  TO  MAKE  A  SUMMARY  OF  ARTICLES 16 – 20, 46, 50 – 58 AND UNDERSTAND THE 
CONCEPTS  OF  PRINCIPAL,  ACCESSORY  AND  ACCOMPLICE  VIS-À-VIS  THE  CONCEPT  OF 
CONSPIRACY;  
 
PRINCIPALS 
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People v. Baharan, G.R. No. 188314, Jan 10, 2011, 639 SCRA 157 
People v. Guevarra G.R. No. 65017, Nov 13, 1989, 179 SCRA 325 
People v. Parcon G.R. Nos. L-39121 & L-39122, December 19, 1981, 110 
SCRA 425  
 
 
ACCOMPLICE 
 
People v. Nulla, G.R. No. 69346 Aug 31, 1987, 153 SCRA 471,  
 
Garces  v.  People  G.R.  No.  173858,  July  17,  2007,  527  SCRA  827  (why  was 
the  lookout  in  this  case  treated  as  an  accessory  but  in  People  v. 
Parcon, above, the lookout was treated as a principal?) 
 
People  v.  De  Vera, G.R. No. 128966, Aug 18, 1999, 312 SCRA 641 (take note 
of the other cases cited in this case) 
 
 
ACCESSORY 
 
(previously assigned case) People v. Ortega, G.R. No. 116736, July 24, 1997, 
276 SCRA 166 
 
People v. Tolentino, G.R. No. 139179, April 3, 2002, 380 SCRA 171,  
 
Vino v. People, G.R. No. 84163, October 19, 1989 – Read also the dissenting 
opinion of Grino-Aquino 
 
People v. Montesclaros, G.R. No. 181084, June 16, 2009, 589 SCRA 320 
 
*Read  the  Law  on  Obstruction  of Justice (Presidential Decree No. 1829) and 
be ready to explain how said law affects Accessories 
 
 
 
 
II. UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF CONSPIRACY VIS-À-VIS THE CONCEPT OF PRINCIPAL, 
ACCESSORY AND ACCOMPLICE  
 
 
People v. Sanchez, G.R. No. 131116, August 27, 1999, 313 SCRA 254 
People v. Mendoza, G.R. No. 123186, July 9, 1998*  
People v. Disney, G.R. No. L-41336, February 18, 1983* 
People v. Anticamara, G.R. No. 178771, June 8, 2011* 
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 People v. Evangelio, G.R. No. 181902, August 31, 2011 
 
*For  the  cases  of  Mendoza,  Evangelio,  Disney,  and  Anticamara  be  very 
careful  in  observing how the person who did not join in the rape was or was 
not  penalized as a principal when the principle of Conspiracy was applied by 
the Court. 
 
 
 
 
III. UNDERSTAND THE CONCEPT OF PUNISHABLE CONSPIRACIES - ART. 115, 116, 136, 141, 
SEC. 7 OF PRES. DEC. 1613 
 
 
 
IV. ARTICLES 7, 9, 25-27, 30-34, 40-45, DETERMINE THE PENALTIES AND ACCESSORY 
PENALTIES FOR PRINCIPALS, ACCOMPLICES, ACCESSORIES FOR CONSUMMATED, FRUSTRATED, 
ATTEMPTED FELONIES SPECIFICALLY:  
 
a. Article 249,  
b. Article 336,  
c. Art 263, par 1,  
d. Art 265, 266, par 1 & 2,  
e. Art. 155 
 
 
V. SEE ARTICLE 346 WHERE DISQUALIFICATION WAS IMPOSED AS A PRINCIPAL PENALTY 
 
  

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