DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB BOOK

STUDENT NAME:
STUDENT ID:
DATE:
SEMESTER #:
 Digital Electronics
(ELS125)

EXPERIMENT #1
TOPIC: Study of logic gates
AIM: To study about logic gates and verify their truth tables.
APPARATUS:
No. Component Specification Qty
1 AND GATE IC 7408 1
2 OR GATE IC 7432 1
3 NOT GATE IC 7404 1
4 NAND GATE IC 7400 1
5 NOR GATE IC 7486 1
6 X-OR GATE IC 7410 1
7 BREADBOARD 1
8 LED 1
9 RESISTOR 220 OHMS 1
10 CONNECTING 5
WIRES

THEORY:
Logic gates are electronic circuits that operate on one or more input signals to
produce an output signal. The gates are blocks of hardware that produces the
equivalent of logic 1 or logic 0 output signals if input logic requirements are satisfied.
Gate INPUTS are driven by voltages having two nominal values, e.g. 0V and 5V
representing logic 0 and logic 1 respectively. The OUTPUTS of a gate provides two
nominal values of voltage only, e.g. 0V and 5V representing logic 0 and logic 1
respectively. There is always a time delay between an input being applied and the
output responding. The different types of logic gates are as follows:

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  NOT GATE: It has one input and one output. The output is the complement of
the 
input. 

 OR GATE: The gate has two inputs and one output. The output is logic „1‟
when 
either of the inputs or both the inputs are at logic‟1‟. 

 AND GATE: The gate has two inputs and one output. The output is logic „1‟
only 
when both the inputs are high. 

 NAND GATE: It is an AND gate followed by a NOT gate. It is the complement

of AND gate. The output is logic „0‟ when both the inputs are at logic „1‟,
else the output 
is always in the high state. 

 NOR GATE: It is an OR gate followed by a NOT gate. It is the complement of

OR gate. The output is logic „1‟ when both the inputs are at logic „0‟, else
the output is 
always in the low state. 

 EXOR GATE: It is logic gate whose output is in the high state when both the

inputs are not same. When the both the inputs are high and when both are
low, the output 
is low. 

 EXNOR GATE: It is logic gate whose output is in the high state when the both
the 
inputs are high and when both are low .The output is low when both the
inputs are not same 


PROCEDURES:
1. Place the IC on the breadboard.
2. Make the connections for the gate as shown in the circuit diagram or by your lab
tech.
3. Verify the Truth Table.
4. Repeat the above steps for other gates in the different IC chips.

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RESULTS
1. AND GATE: - [IC7408]
Symbol Truth Table Pin Diagram
A B Y
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1

2. OR GATE: -[IC7432]
Symbol Truth Table Pin Diagram
A B Y

3. NOT GATE: -[7404]

Symbol Truth Table Pin Diagram
A A’

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4. X-OR GATE: -[7486]
Symbol Truth Table Pin Diagram
A B Y

5. NAND GATE: -[7400]

Symbol Truth Table Pin Diagram
A B Y

6. NOR GATE: -[7402]

Symbol Truth Table Pin Diagram
A B Y

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PICTURES
[INSERT A PICTURE OF YOUR CIRCUIT HERE]

CONCLUSION
[Insert Conclusion here]

Tips for writing the conclusion:

 Compare theoretical results with experimental result

 Explain whether or not the aim of the lab was met.
 Explain what you’ve learnt from doing the lab.

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Assessment:
Grade Grade
Assessment Point
Attained
Experimental Skills 4
Correctness of results 3
Discussion of results 2
Presentation 1
Total 10

Comments:
[Teacher’s use only]