SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Precipitating Factor: Predisposing Factor:

Hereditary Hypertension
Age Hyperlipidemia
Gender Diabetes Mellitus
race Smoking
Diet

Hypertension

Vasoconstriction

Increase afterload,
preload and pressure

Increase workload

Increase force on LV
Injury of the
endothelial vessel
layer Increase stress on Increase cardiac
the LV output

Scarring
LV Hypertrophy

Atherosclerosis
Ventricular LV hypoxia
remodelation
CAD

Decrease LV force
 Decrease cardiac
tissue Increase LA pressure
Decrease cardiac
output
Decrease cardiac Back flows
muscle
Decrease systemic
output
Increased residual
volume blood from LA
Activation of
baroreceptor in LV Decreased perfusion
tissue of the kidney
Blood returns to
pulmonary
Stimulation of
vasomotor regulator
Decreased
GFR
Increased pulmonary
Activation of capillary hydrostatic
Decreased renal
sympathetic nervous pressure
perfusion
system

Hydrostatic pressure
Increased exceeds osmotic
catecolamines Hyponatre Juxtoglomelular pressure
mia cells

Renin Fluids moves to

interstitial space

Angiotensinogen
RAAS
Amount of fluid
Arteriolar exceeds lymphatic
Angiotensin I
vasoconstrict systems ability to
ion remove it
Angiotensin II
Increased
peripheral PULMONARY
resistance Adrenal cortex EDEMA

Dyspnea, cough,
Increased crackles, orthopnea,
aldosterone frothy blood sputum

Increased Na
reabsorption
 Increased H2O
reabsorption

Increased plasma
volcano (ECF)

Increased BP

Decreased perfusion Decreased O2 supply

of tissue in the body to tissue

Increased Myocardium:
sympathetic activity increased cardiac
workload

Decreased BP, Increased peripheral

vasoconstriction Brain: decreased
HR
oxygen supply to
cerebral tissue
Renal
Lack of oxygen
vasoconstriction
supply and
GI Tract: decreased
nutrients to
O2 supply to GI
supply
Increased renin

Liver: dysfunction
hypoxia
UA: Hematuria, Capillary endothelial
albumin damage

Altered cerebral
metabolism

Aneurysm

Paralysis ACUTE ISCHEMIC

INFARCT Brain tissue necrosis
 Increased Decreased GFR Increased Serum
BUN creatinine

Hyperthropy of Loss of
Hyponatremia
Dilute urine remaining nephrons NA

Inability to
Dehydration Oliguria
concentrate urine

Further loss of
nephron function

Loss of nonexcretory Loss of excretory

renal function renal function

Failure to Failure to Impaired Increased

convert forms of produce insulin Immune
productio
calcium erythropoietin function disturbance
n of lipids

Decreased calcium
Anemia Erratic Advance Delayed
absorption
Decreased blood artheroscleros wound
hemoglobin glucose is healing
Hypocalcemia

Infection
 Loss of excretory
renal function

Decreased Decreased NA
excretory of Decreased Decreased Decreased
reabsorption
nitrogenous K excretion phosporus hydrogen
in tubule
waste excretion

Hyperkalem hypophosp
Decreased Water ia athemia Metabolic
uremia retention acidosis

Hypertensi
Increased
on
BUN,Creatinine,
Heart
uric acid
failure
Edema
Protenuria

Peripheral
nerve changes

CNS CHRONIC KIDNEY

changes
DISEASE