ARDUINO RADAR

1. This arduino radar system operates on ultrasonic sensor and it is used to detect the
position or movement of the objects.

2. Even though the title says Arduino Radar Project, technically the project is based on
Sonar technology as an Ultrasonic Sensor to determine the presence of any object in a
particular range.

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Hardware

● Arduino UNO
● Ultrasonic Sensor
● Arduino Servo Motor
● Connecting Wires
● Jumper Cables
● 5V Power Supply
● USB Cable (for Arduino)
Software

● Arduino IDE
● Processing Application

SERVO MOTOR

● A simple servo motor is a type of DC motor which has a potentiometer for providing
position feedback, a gear system for increased torque and a control system.

● Typically, simple servo motors consist of three wires. These are usually color coded
as Red, Brown and Orange

● Here, the control signal will determine the position of the servo motor’s shaft. The
control signal is not used to control the speed of the motor but rather, it is used to
determine the position of the servo motor.

● When the system powered ON, the servo motor rotates for 180 degrees in clock wise
direction, one degree at a time. Once the servo motor reaches 180 degrees, it starts
rotating in anti-clock wise direction to come back to the initial position. This process
goes on until the system is powered OFF.

ARDUINO UNO

● Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital

input/output pins. Arduino boards are able to read and turn it into an output.
 ● The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with an external power
supply.

● The Arduino Uno has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer,
another Arduino, or other microcontrollers

● The Arduino Uno has a resettable polyfuse that protects your computer's USB ports
from shorts and over current.

ULTRASONIC SENSOR

● An Ultrasonic sensor is a device that can measure the distance to an object by using
sound waves

● Ultrasonic sensor uses SONAR to determine the distance of an object just like the
bats do. It offers excellent non-contact range detection with high accuracy and stable
readings

● An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that
relay back information about an object’s proximity.

FUNCTIONING OF ARDUINO RADAR

Arduino radar rely on two fundamentally different types of wave transmission, Radio
Detection and Ranging (RADAR) and Sound Navigation and Ranging (SONAR) both are
remote sensing systems. RADAR sends out electromagnetic waves, while active
SONAR transmits acoustic (i.e., sound) waves. In both systems, these waves return
echoes from certain features or targets that allow the determination of important
properties and attributes of the target (i.e., shape, size, speed, distance, etc.).
The ultrasonic sensor represents in a radar type display, when it detects an object within
its range, the object with be shown on screen graphically. The information is shown on
the screen with the help of a green semicircle graph. If an object blocks its transmission
of waves then the area on the graph is shown red. The range of the radar is 50cm.

USES:
1. It can be used by defence services and military to track enemies.
2. It has scientific and commercial applications
3. It can be used in aircrafts, missiles, marine.

ADVANTAGES

1. It is not affected by color or transparency.

2. Any dark environments have no effect on this radar sensor’s detection procedure

4. It has high frequency, high sensitivity; therefore, it can easily detect the external or deep
objects.

5. This radar sensor is not affected by dust, rain, snow, and many more.
6. It has a self-cleaning system to continue running and less downtime.

8. The Ultrasonic sensor can easily interface with any types of the microcontroller.