PART 4:

GERMAN ROMANESQUE
History of Architecture 02 – Ar. Diane A. Jose, MBA
INFLUENCES: Geographical
 On the banks of the Rhine,
and in the south, cities had
been established during the
Roman occupation, and it
was in these parts that
Christianity took root, while,
in the north and east,
paganism still existed.
INFLUENCES: Geological
 The existence of stone in the Rhine valley facilitated
the erection in this material of churches, rendered
permanent and fireproof by the early introduction
of vaulting. No stone being found on the sandy
plains of Northern Germany, brick was there
employed, and the style of that district is
consequently varied from that of the Rhine valley.
INFLUENCES: Climate
 The average temperature of Central Germany may
be said to be the same as Southern England, but
with wider extremes, as the heat in the summer is ten
degrees higher, and in the winter correspondingly
lower, so that carriages in Berlin are converted into
sledges.
INFLUENCES: Historical, Social and Religious

 Under the influence of Rome, Christianity rook root in

southern Germany and in the Rhineland, while the
rest of the country remained pagan.
 Charlemagne, the first Frankish king who became
Roman Emperor, established the Frankish dominion
over southern France and northern Italy. He restored
civilization in a great measure to Western Europe,
and was a patron of architecture. He forced the
people of Saxony to embrace Christianity, which
resulted in the erection of circular baptisteries.
ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER
 Romanesque architecture in Central Europe exhibits
a continuous combination of Carolingian tradition
and Lombard influence.
 Church plans are peculiar in having both western
and eastern apses
 General character is picturesque by reason of
numerous circular and octagonal turrets. Polygonal
domes, and arcaded galleries under the eaves
 Doorways were placed laterally in the aisles, and
the most richly ornamented features of churches
GERMAN ROMANESQUE
EXAMPLES
GERNRODE ABBEY CHURCH
A basIican type with triple eastern apses.
BASILICA OF ST. GODEHARD, Hildesheim
A basIican type with triple eastern apses.
CHURCH OF THE APOSTLES, Cologne
 ST. MARIA IM KAPITOL, Cologne
example of triapsal churches for which the city of Cologne
 ST. CUNIBERT CHURCH,
Cologne
example of triapsal churches
for which the city of Cologne
 ST. MARTIN CHURCH, Cologne
example of triapsal churches for which the city
of Cologne
WORMS CATHEDRAL
LAACH ABBEY CHURCH is a Benedictine
example built completely in this style. On
either side of the western apse, which is
used as a tomb-house, are the principal
entrances from the western atrium, and
there are three eastern apses. The
vaulting-bays of the nave and aisles are
of similar width.
 LUBECK CATHEDRAL, Lubeck
is a type of brick architecture peculiar to
North Germany, but the choir and aisles
were not added till A.D. 1335.
To be continued…
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
 DRAWING 02
 Draw five (5) GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
 To be submitted on December 6, 2017