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BIO REVIEWER

© danisulit
Different branches of botany
Mycology Fungi (molds,
mushrooms)
different branches of biology Phycology Algae (red and blue
Cytology Cells, its parts, functions algae)
and composition Bacteriology Microorganisms
histology Tissues/group of cells
and how it functions
Physical structure, *
Anatomy
especially internal
structures
Physiology Functions and processes 5 theories about the origin of
of living things
Morphology Form and structure life

Genetics Heredity and variation


1. Divine Creation
Embryology Growth/development
of an organism - Also known as Genesis
Paleontology Fossils - Life started from God
Origin and 2. Spontaneous Generation Theory
Evolution
diversification - Organisms are generated by decaying
Ecology Interaction of organisms organic substances
w/ environment - Refuted by Francesco Redi, Lazzaro
Taxonomy Classifying and naming Spallanzani and Louis Pasteur
Biogeography Distribution of animals 3. Marine Life Theory

Different branches of zoology - First form of life originated from the sea
4. Cosmozoic theory
Carcinology Crustaceans (mga crabs
ganern) - Interplanetary
Conchology Animals with shells - Also known as panspermia (either stellar
Insects or interplanetary)
Entomology - Seeds of life towards the universe
Helminthology Worms 5. Physico-chemical Theory
Ichthyology Fish
- Life started from chemical evolution
Mammalogy Warm-blooded - Also known as Oparin’s theory
vertebrates with
mammary glands
Herpetology Reptiles (w/scales) and
amphibians
heRPetology = RPtiles
lol
Malacology Mollusks
Parasitology Parasites (depends on
host for survival)
protozoology Single-celled
ornithology birds
BIO REVIEWER
© danisulit Form
- Structure, shape
Organization
C + H  CH4 CARBOHYDRATES - Hierarchy of materials smth
O + H  H₂O C6H12O6 - Arrangement of materials
C + O  CO2 LIVING THINGS
Cell  tissues  organs  system
N + H  NH3 AMINO ACIDS NON-LIVING THINGS
CARBOHYDRATES Atoms  molecules  complex molecules
C6H12O6

Metabolism Chemical composition


- Vital life processes - What matter is made of
- Sum total of bodily activities  Living things = organic compounds
- 2 phases: (fats, sugar, carbohydrates, lipids, etc.)
 Catabolism (hydrolysis) – destructive  Non-living things = inorganic
phase, breaking down phase compound (acid, base, salt, mineral,
(respiration and digestion) metal, water)
 Anabolism (synthesis) – constructive,
building up (assimilation of food, Irritability
photosynthesis) - React to changes in environment
- NOT AVAILABLE IN NON-LIVING - Stimuli = changes
THINGS BECAUSE OF THE - A.k.a tropism to plants, taxes to animals
ABSENCE OF PROTOPLASM
Reproduction 1. Phototropism
- Ability of an organism to create another
organism of the same kind - Light
- 2 kinds of reproduction 2. Thermotropism
 Sexual
 Asexual – single parent only - Temperature
- NOT AVAILABLE IN NON LIVING
THINGS BECAUSE IT ONLY EXISTS
3. Thigmotropism
IN ORGANISMS - Touch
Growth 4. Geotropism
- Increase in size - Gravity
 Intussusceptions – internal growth in
 Note that every organism has different ways
living things
to react to stimulus; for example, a plant dries
 Accretion – external growth in non-
up when it is hot but an animal hibernates
living things
 Cell division = orderly formation of new cells Life span
 Cell enlargement = increase in size of cell
- Period of existence
 When an organism gets larger, the number of
cells increases
LIVING THINGS: definite
Size
NON-LIVING THINGS: unlimited duration of
- Amount of matter present in an organism existence or immortality

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