BSphysics PDF

SCHEME OF STUDIES (STRUCTURE)
Sr. No. Category No. of Courses Credits
01 Compulsory Courses 07 19
02 General Courses 08 21
03 Foundation Courses 11 29
04 Major Courses 18 57
05 Electives Courses 02 06
LAYOUT / FRAMEWORK
Category Course Title Credits

English I 3
English II 3
Pakistan Studies 2
Islamic Studies 2
Calculus-I 3
Compulsory Computer Programing 3
Calculus-II 3
Total 19
General Courses Physical Chemistry 3
Bio Physics 3
Numerical Analysis 3
Linear Algebra 3
Differential Equations 3
Arabic 3
Marketing 3
GOF/GRF social science courses from
following list:
3
a. Sociology
3
b. Mass Communication
3
c. Economics
3
d. Marketing
3
e. Environmental Policy
3
f. Psychology
3
g. Fine Arts
3
h. Political Science
3
i. International Affairs
3
j. Public Administration
3
k. Arabic
Total 21
GOF: General subjects from faculties other than sciences

GRF: General Subjects from Science Faculty
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Mechanics 3
Electromagnetism-I 3
Foundation Courses Electromagnetism-II 3
Thermodynamics 3
Waves and & Optics 3
Modern Physics 3
Introduction to quantum physics 3
Lab-I 2
Lab-II 2
Lab-III 2
Lab-IV 2
Total 29
Quantum Mechanics–I 3
Quantum Mechanics–II 3
Classical Mechanics 3
Major Courses Basic Electronics 3
Computational Physics 3
Mathematical Methods of Physics–I 3
Mathematical Methods of Physics–II 3
Electrodynamics-I 3
Electrodynamics-II 3
Statistical Mechanics & Thermal Physics 3
Nuclear Physics 3
Solid State Physics 3
Atomic Physics 3
Research Project 6
Lab-V 3
Lab-VI 3
Lab-VII 3
Lab-VIII 3
Total 57
Elective Courses Elective – I 3
Elective – II 3
Note
These courses will be selected from the list of
elective courses.
Total 6
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SEMESTER-WISE BREAKUP
SEMESTER I
Codes Name of Subject Credits

PHY -1101 English-I (C) 3
PHY -1102 Islamic Studies (C) 2
PHY -1103 Computer Programming (C) 3
PHY -1104 Mechanics (F) 3
PHY -1105 Calculus-I (C) 3
PHY -1106 Basic Lab-I (F) 2
Total 16
SEMESTER II
Code Name of Subject Credits

PHY -1201 English-II (C) 3
PHY -1202 Pakistan Studies (C) 2
PHY -1203 Electromagnetism-I (F) 3
PHY -1204 Calculus II (C) 3
PHY -1205 Marketing or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 2
PHY -1206 Basic Lab-II (F) 3
Total 16
SEMESTER III

PHY -2301 Electromagnetism-II 3
PHY -2302 Waves & Optics (F) 3
PHY -2303 Linear Algebra or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 3
PHY -2304 Modern Physics (F) 3
PHY -2305 Numerical Analysis or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 2
PHY -2306 Basic Lab-III (F) 3
Total 17
SEMESTER IV

PHY -2401 Thermodynamics (F) 3
PHY -2402 Introduction to Quantum Physics (F) 3
PHY -2403 Arabic (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 2
PHY -2404 Physical Chemistry (G) 3
PHY -2405 Bio Photonics (G) 3
PHY -2406 Basic Lab-IV (F) 3
Total 17
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SEMESTER V
PHY- 3501 Method of Mathematical Physics-I (M) 3
PHY- 3502 Classical Mechanics (M) 3
PHY- 3503 Basic Electronics (M) 3
PHY- 3504 Electromagnetic Theory-I (M) 3
PHY- 3505 Physics Lab-I (M) (Electronics) 3
Total 15
SEMESTER VI
PHY- 3601 Method of Mathematical Physics-II (M) 3
PHY- 3602 Electromagnetic Theory-II (M) 3
PHY- 3603 Solid State Physics (M) 3
PHY- 3604 Atomic Physics (M) 3
PHY- 3605 Physics Lab -II (Solid State Physics) (M) 3
Total 15
SEMESTER VII
PHY- 4701 Nuclear Physics 3
PHY- 4702 Quantum Mechanics – I 3
PHY- 4703 Computational Physics 3
PHY- 4704 Physics Lab -III (Nuclear Physics) 3
PHY-47(5-7) Elective Course – I 3
PHY- 4708/ Final Year Project/ Optional course 3
PHY-47(09-15)
Total 18
SEMESTER VIII
PHY- 4801 Statistical Mechanics and Thermal Physics 3
PHY- 4802 Quantum Mechanics-II 3
PHY- 4803 Physics Lab -IV (General Physics) 3
PHY- 48(4-6) Elective course-II 3
PHY- 4807 /
Final year Project/ optional Course 3
PHY-48(08-13)
PHY-48(08-13) Optional Course 3
Total 18
Note: All courses and labs from semester V and on ward semesters will be same for B.S and
M.Sc. programs.
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LIST OF ELECTIVE COURSES
FOR SEMESTER VII
Course Code Course Title Credits

PHY-4705 Electronics-I 3
PHY-4706 Solid State Physics-I 3
PHY-4707 Nuclear Physics-I 3
FOR SEMESTER VIII

PHY-4804 Electronics-II 3
PHY-4805 Solid State Physics-II 3
PHY-4806 Nuclear Physics-II 3
Note: The elective courses opted in 7th and 8th semester must be related to each other.
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OPTIONAL COURSES
FOR SEMESTER VII

PHY- 4709 Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy 3
PHY- 4710 Semiconductor Physics 3
PHY- 4711 Introduction to Nano Technology 3
PHY- 4712 Laser 3
PHY- 4713 Particle Physics 3
PHY- 4714 Research Methodology & Skill Enhancement 3
PHY- 4715 Introduction to Quantum Computing 3
FOR SEMESTER VIII

PHY- 4808 Methods of Experimental Physics 3
PHY- 4809 Digital Electronics 3
PHY- 4810 Plasma Physics 3
PHY- 4811 Quantum Electronics 3
PHY- 4812 Quantum Optics 3
PHY- 4813 Environmental Physics 3
Note: The selection of optional courses will depend upon the availability of qualified staff
and laboratory facilities.
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Item No. 04
Approval of contents of syllabi for BS Physics under semester

system
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SEMESTER-I
Codes Name of Subject Credits

PHY -1101 English-I (C) 3
PHY -1102 Islamic Studies (C) 2
PHY -1103 Computer Programming (C) 3
PHY -1104 Mechanics (F) 3
PHY -1105 Calculus-I (C) 3
PHY -1106 Basic Lab-I (F) 2
Total 16
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PHY-1101 ENGLISH-I
Basics of Grammar, Parts of speech and use of articles, Sentence structure, active and passive
voice, Practice in unified sentence, Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure,
Transitive and intransitive verbs , Punctuation and spelling, Comprehension: Answers to
questions on a given text, Discussion: General topics and every-day conversation (topics for
discussion to be at the discretion of the teacher keeping in view the level of students),
Listening: To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by subject
teachers, Translation skills: Urdu to English, Paragraph writing: Topics to be chosen at the
discretion of the teacher, Presentation skills: Introduction.
Note: Extensive reading is required for vocabulary building
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 1. Third
edition. Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313492
edition. Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313506
3. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise
Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 0 19 435405 7
Pages 20-27 and 35-4
4. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary
Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 453402 2.
PHY-1102 ISLAMIC STUDIES
Fundamental of Islam, Tauheed: Arguments for oneness of God, impact of Tauheed on

human life, place of man in the universe, purpose of creation, textual study of Surah al-
Rehman and Surah al- Furqan, Prophethood, need for prophet, characteristics of a prophet,
finality of prophethood, seerat; life of prophet as embodiment of Islamic ideology, faith in
hereafter aakhrat, effects of belief on worldly life.Ibadah: Concepts of Ibadah, Salat, Saom,
Zakat, Hajj and jehad. The Holy Quran: Its revelation and compilation, The authencity of the
text, Hadith: Its need, authenticity and importance. Consensus (Ijma), analogy (Qiyas).
Sources of Knowledge: Islamic approach to institution, Reason and experience. Revelation
Wahi as a souce knowledge. Moral and social Philosophy of Islam: The concept of good and
evil, Akhlaq -e- Hasna with special reference to surah Al- Hujrat, Professional Ethics Kasb-e-
Halal. Islamic Political Principles: Salient feature of the Islamic state, Madina character,
Responsibilities of the Head of the state, Rights and Duties of Citizens. Economics Oder of
Islam: Right to property, System of Taxation, Distribution of Wealth Zakat and Ushar,
Interest Free Economy Shirakat and Muzarabat. Islam as Living Force: Application of Islam
Teaching to Socio- Economic Development in the 20th Century.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Muhanmmad, H. “Emergence of Islam”, IRI, Islamabad.
2. Muhanmmad, H. “Muslim Conduct of State”
3. Muhanmmad, H. „Introduction to Islam
5. Hussan, H. H. “An Introduction to the Study of Islamic Law” leaf Publication
Islamabad, Pakistan.
6. Hasan, A. “Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence” Islamic Research
Institute, International Islamic University, Islamabad (1993)
7. Mir, W. 1982. “Muslim Jurisprudence and the Quranic Law of Crimes”
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Islamic Book Service.
8. Bhatia, H.S. 1989. “Studies in Islamic Law, Religion and Society” Deep & Deep
Publications New Delhi.
9. Muhammad, Zia-ul-Haq.2001. “Introduction to Al Sharia Al Islamia” Allama
Iqbal Open University, Islamabad.
PHY-1103 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
Introduction: The structure of digital computers; programming languages; high level

languages; algorithms; The turbo C Programming Environment: Setting up the IDE. Files
used in C program development. Basic structure of a C program, The programming
language: The C Character set. Constants, variables and keywords. Types of C constants,
Types of variables. C Instructions. Type declaration Instruction. Arithmetic Instruction,
C Building Blocks: Fundamental Data Types, Declaration. Expressions. Assignment.
Input/Output, Operations. Comments, Loops: The for loop, the while loop, the do while
loop Nesting of loops. Multiple initializations in the for loop. The break Statement. The
switch statement, Decisions: The if statement. The if–else statement. The else-if
statements, Functions: Definition. Purpose. Simple functions. Functions that return a
value. Passing values between functions. Call by value and call by reference. Using more
than one function, External variables, Arrays and strings: What are Arrays, Array
initializations, bound checking. Passing array elements to a function. 2-and 3-
Dimensional arrays. Strings, Pointers: Returning data from function .Pointers and array.
Passing an entire array to a function. Pointers and strings, Structures- Unions:
Structures- Union: Declaring a structure, accessing structure elements. Arrays of
structures. Uses of structures. Union. Union of structures.
PHY-1104 MECHANICS
Measurements, Motion in one Dimension. Force and Newton‟s Laws. Motion in two and
Three Dimensions, application of Newton‟s Law, linear Momentum, Collisions, center of
mass, frame of reference, System of particles, Rotational Kinematics, rotational
Dynamics, rotational inertia Angular Momentum, Energy: Work, kinetic Energy.
Gravitation, fluid Dynamics, special theory of Relativity.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Hallidy, Resnick and Krane, Physics, 5th ed. Vol.1, John Wiley and Sons, New York,
2002
2. Roger A. Freedman Hugh D. University Physics, 11th ed., Ben.-Cumm,Inc.
3. Serway and Jewett, Physics for Scientist and Engineers 6th ed. John Wiley and Sons,
2000.
PHY-1105 CALCULUS-I
Introduction, real numbers, intervals, absolute values and its properties, coordinates planes
and graphs, lines, functions, operation on functions, graph of functions, shifting of graph
limits, continuity, graphical and analytical approach. The derivatives, geometrical meanings
of derivatives, tangent lines and rate of changes. Derivatives of Trigonometric functions,
inverse trigonometric functions, the chain rules, implicit differentiation, differential
derivative of hyperbolic, inverse hyperbolic, logarithmic, exponent function, first order
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differential equation and application, increase and decrease, concavity relative extrema, first
and second derivatives test, Maximum and minimum of a function, applied maximum and
minimum problem, L‟ hospital rules integration, basic rules of integration, formula of
integration, integration by parts, by substitutions, partial fraction definite integrals, Riemann
sur theorems of definite integral, first and second fundamental theorems of calculus definite
integral with property areas between curves, Disk and washer, volumes by cylindrical shell
and slicim length of plane curves, Area of surface of revolution, First order differential
equation and applications, Roll‟s theorem, mean values theorem and its application, improper
integral, convergent and divergence of integrals, straight line in R3, Planes, Cylindrical and
Spherical coordinate surfaces, cylinders and cones, sphere, spherical trigonometry.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Calculus and analytical Geometry, by Thomas & Finny. 10th Edition.
2. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by Howard anton, 7th Edition
3. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by S.M. Yosuf.
4. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by SkowSky. 6th Edition.
PHY-1106 BASIC LAB-1
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Measurement of techniques
2. Measurement of basic constant length, weight and time.
3. Moments
4. Modulus of elasticity
5. Mechanical hysteresis
6. Hook‟s Law
7. Tree fall
8. Determine the value of „g‟ by krater‟s reversible pendulum.
9. Determine the moment of inertia of a body by means of a torsion pendulum.
10. Determine the moment of inertia of a fly wheel.
11. Determine the young‟s Modulus of a wire by Searle‟s apparatus.
12. Determine the Modulus of rigidity of a wire by using Maxwell‟s needle. (Dynamical
method)
13. Determine the elastic constants of a wire by Searl‟s tube method.
14. Determine the co-efficient of viscosity of water by capillary flow method.
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SEMESTER- II

PHY -1201 English-II (C) 3
PHY -1202 Pakistan Studies (C) 2
PHY -1203 Electromagnetism-I (F) 3
PHY -1204 Calculus-II (C) 3
PHY -1205 Marketing or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 2
PHY -1206 Basic Lab-II (F) 3
Total 16
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PHY-1201 ENGLISH-II
(Communication Skills)
Paragraph writing, Practice in writing a good, unified and coherent paragraph, Essay writing,
Introduction, CV and job application, Translation skills, Urdu to English, Study skills,
Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading, summary, and précis
writing and comprehension, Academic skills, Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings, use
of library and internet, Presentation skills, Personality development (emphasis on content,
style and pronunciation)
Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS
edition. Oxford University Press 1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.
2. Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Chrisitine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and Francoise
Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993. ISBN 019 435405 7
Pages 45-53 (note taking).
3. Writing. Upper-Intermediate by Rob Nolasco. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth
Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 435406 5 (particularly good for writing memos,
introduction to presentations, descriptive and argumentative writing).
4. Reading. Advanced. Brian Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary Skills.
Third Impression 1991. ISBN 0 19 453403 0.
5. Reading and Study Skills by John Langan
6. Study Skills by Riachard Yorky.
PHY-1202 PAKISTAN STUDIES
An over View of the British Rule in the sub-continent, two nation theory & role of Sir
Sayyed for the revival of Muslims, major political organization (congress muslim league),
Constitutional reforms, Constitutional & political struggle (separate electrolate, Lucknow
Pact ), Tehrik –e-Khilafat, Nehru Report, Jinnah‟s 14 point, e-Allah Abad Address 1930,
Round table conferences, Election of 1937 and Congress Minstries, Pakistan Moment (1940-
47), Crips proposal 1942, Wavell plane and shimla conference 1945, Election of 1945-46,
Cabinet mission plan 1946, 3rd June plane and Red cliff award, Pakistan's Immediate
Problems: Administrative problems, problems of Refuges, Problems of Accession of
states(Kashmir, Hyderabad, June Garh), Distribution of Assets, Canal Water dispute, political
and constitutional Development, Hurdles of Constitution Making, 1956 constitution, Islamic
clauses) 1962 constitution (Islamic clauses) and Ayub Era, Yahya Regime and first General
election 1970, Bhutto in power 1973 constitution (Islamic clauses), Zia government steps for
Islamization, Era of Democracy (1988-1999), Pakistan‟s foreign policy: Relations with USA,
Soviet union, Relations with neighboring countries (India, china, Iran, Afghanistan),
Relations with Saudi Arabia and Turkey, Pakistan and International Organizations (UNO,
OIC, ECO,SAARC), M.D. Zafar, Pakistan studies, Aziz Book Depot Urdu Bazzar Lahore.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Sheikh Muhammad Rafique, Pakistan studies, urdu Bazar Lahore
2. Sheikh Muhammad Rafique, History of Pakistan, urdu Bazar Lahore.
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PHY-1203 ELECTROMAGNETISM-I
Brief review of vector calculus, the electrostatic field, coulombs law, divergence and curl of
electrostatic fields, electric potential, work and energy in electrostatic. Electrostatic boundary
value problems, field mapping: Laplace equation, uniqueness, separation of variable, poisons
equation, method of images, multiple expansions, Electric field in dielectric, Electric
polarization, The field of polarized objects, dielectric displacement, linear dielectrics.
Magnetostatic, steady currents and their magnetic fields, the biot-savart law, the divergence
and curl of B field, magnetic vector potential. Magnetic field in matter (H), Magnetization,
the fields of magnetized object, the auxiliary field of H field, Linear and non linear media,
Electrodynamics, Electromotive force, electromagnetic induction, Maxwell‟s equations,
Electromagnetic waves.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to electrodynamics (2nd edition) by David J. Griffiths
2. Electromagnetic theory (4th edition) by Reitz, Milford and Christy
3. Electromagnetic fields and waves (3rd edition) by Lorrain, Corson and Lorrain.
PHY-1204 CALCULUS-II
Sequences, Monotone sequences, convergence of sequence, infinite series, partial sum,

convergence test Alternating sequence, conditional convergence, Power series Taylor‟s and
Maclaurin‟s series, differential and integration of series. Arc length in polar, Cartesian,
parametric curves, surface area, area in polar and Cartesian form of curves. Area of
revolution in polar and Cartesian forms. Conversion of systems, Unit tangent and normal
Vectors, Curvature and radius of Curvature, Motion along a curve. Function of several
variables, homogeneous function Euler theorem, Partial derivatives, Laplace equation.
Differentiability and chain rules, Tangent planes, total differential, Directional Derivatives
Gradient of two functions Function of n- Variables maxima and minima of two functions
Lagrange Multipliers Double integral, triple integrals Centroid, center of Gravity, Total mass.
Triple integrals, Jacobians, triple integrals in cylindrical and Spherical coordinates.
Introduction to conic section, rotation of axes, Parabola, Ellipse, Hyperbola, Sketching of
conics Volumes of Surfaces, complex numbers: DeMoivre's theorem and its applications,
Complex functions, analytical functions, harmonic and conjugate, harmonic functions,
Cauchy- Rehmunn equations (in Cartesian and polar coordinates). Line integrals, Green‟s
theorem, Cauchy' theorem, Chauchy's integral formula, singularities, poles, residues and
contour integration and applications.
RECOM ENDED BOOKS
1. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by Thomas & Finny, 10th Edition
2. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by Howard Anton, 7th Ed
3. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by S.M. Yousaf
4. Calculus & Analytical Geometry, by Skowsky, 6th Edition.
PHY-1205 MARKETING
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PHY-1206 BASIC LAB-II
ELECTROMAGNETISM
1. Experiment with transmission lines
2. Measurement of transistor hybrid parameters
3. Transistor pulse –circuitry (three types of flip flop and the Schmidt trigger circuit).
4. Design of L.F.R.C coupled amplifier and a study of its characteristics.
5. Earth‟s Magnetic field
6. Magnetic field of single coils /Biot savarts law
7. Magnetic moment in the magnetic field
8. Hall Effect voltage with variation of current applied to the system using Helmholtz coil.
9. To find the energy loss per cycle for a specimen by drawing BH-curve
10. To study the characteristics of a SQUID (superconducting quantum interference
device).
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SEMESTER- III

PHY -2301 Electromagnetism-II 3
PHY -2302 Waves & Optics (F) 3
PHY -2303 Linear Algebra or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 3
PHY -2304 Modern Physics (F) 3
PHY -2305 Numerical Analysis or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 2
PHY -2306 Basic Lab-III (F) 3
Total 17
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PHY-2301 ELECTROMAGNETISM-II
Brief review of electrostatic and magnetostatics laws: Maxwell‟s Theory Electromagnetism:

Maxwell‟s field equation equations, Vector and scalar potentials, gauge transformations,
Conservation laws, Macroscopic electromagnetism. Electromagnetic Waves:
Electromagnetic Waves vacuum, Electromagnetic waves in matter, Absorption and
dispersion. Potential and fields: The potential formulation, continuous distributions, point
charges, radiations, Lienard- Wiechert potentials. Relativistic Formulation of
Electromagnetism: Relativistic kinematics; generalization of Maxwell‟s equations, Field-
theoretic approach and quantization concepts, Comments on quantum electrodynamics and
beyond.
RECOMKNDED BOOKS
1. David J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics (2nd Ed)
2. J.D Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, Third Edition (Wiley,1999)
3. Corson and Lorrain Electrodynamics Fields & Waves 3rd edition.
PHY-2302 WAVES & OPTICS
Oscillating systems, simple harmonic oscillator, simple harmonic motion, Energy in SHM,
Applications of SHM, SHM and uniform circular motion, Damped oscillations, Forced
oscillation and resonance. Two body oscillations, Types of waves, Traveling waves, wave
speed on stretched string, The wave equation, Energy in wave motion, the principle of
Superposition, Interference of waves, standing waves, standing waves and resonance,
properties of sound waves, Travelling sound waves and speed of sound, power and intensity
of sound waves, Interference of sound waves, Standing longitudinal waves, vibrating systems
and sources of sounds, beats, The Doppler effect, The electromagnetic spectrum, visible light,
The speed of light, refraction and reflection of light, Total internal reflection, The Doppler
effect for light, Image formation by mirrors and lenses, plane mirror, spherical mirror,
spherical refracting surfaces, lenses, optical instrument, Two-source interference, interference
in thin films, Michelson‟s interferometer, Diffraction and wave theory of light, single slit
diffraction, Intensity in double slit diffraction, Diffraction at a circular aperture, Double- slit
interference and diffraction combined, Multiple slits, diffraction grating, dispersion and
resolving power, X-ray diffraction, Polarization of electromagnetic waves, polarizing sheets,
Polarization by reflection, Double refraction, Circular polarization, polarization by scattering.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Hallidy, Resnick and Krane, Physics, 5th ed. Vol.1, John Wiley and Sons, New York,
2002
2. Roger A. Freedman Hugh D. University Physics, 11th ed., Ben.-Cumm,Inc.
3. Serway and Jewett, Physics for Scientist and Engineers 6th ed. John Wiley and Sons.
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PHY-2303 LINEAR ALGEBRA
System of Linear Equations: Basic concepts. Standard matrix form, Inverse of matrix, Matrix
operations, Elementary row and column operation Echelon & Reduce Echelon form System
of homogeneous & non- homogeneous linear equations (Gauss Elimination and Gauss-
Jordan). Application of linear equations, Linear Dependence & Independence sets of vectors,
Linear Transformations. Vector spaces: Definitions, Properties of vector spaces, vector
spaces and subspaces, Basic, Dimensions of vector space, Eigen vector & Eigen value,
Characteristic Equations, Eigen vectors and Linear Transformations, Inner Product, Length
and Orthogonality sets, Gram Schmidt process, Inner Product Spaces.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Linear algebra and its application (3rd edition) by David C. Lay.
2. Advance Engineering Mathematics by Ervin KAREYZIG, 9th Edition.
3. Elementary Linear Algebra (8th edition) by ANTON.
PHY-2304 MODERN PHYSICS
Motivation for Non--Classical Physics, Quantum interference, blackbody radiation and

ultraviolet catastrophe, Planck's quantization. Wave-Particle Duality, Photoelectric effect,
Compton effect, production and properties of X-rays, diffraction of X-rays, concept of
matter waves, de Broglie relationship, electrons are waves, electron diffraction,
particulate nature of matter, contributions of Faraday (atoms exist), Thomson (electron
exists), Rutherford (nucleus exists) and Bohr (quantization of energies inside an atom),
wave packets and wave groups, dispersion, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, direct
confirmation of quantization through Franck-Hertz experiment and spectroscopy, working of
electron microscopes. Nuclear Structure, Size and structure of nucleus, nuclear forces,
radioactivity and nuclear reactions, radiocarbon dating.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. R.A. Serway, C.J. Moses and C.A. Moyer, “Modern Physics”, Brooks Cole, 3rd ed.
2004.
2. Paul A. Tipler and Ralph A. Llewellyn, “Modern Physics”, W H Freeman and
Company 6th ed. 2012.
3. Arthur Beiser, “Concepts of Modern Physics”, McGraw-Hill, 6th ed. 2002.
4. R. M. Eisberg and R. Resnick, “Quantum Physics of Atoms, molecules, Solids,
Nuclei and Particles”, John Wiley, 2nd ed. 2002.
PHY-2305 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
Numerical computation, Measures of error, finite precision arithmetic and associated pitfalls,
round off error, truncation error, computational complexity, Non- Linear equations in one
variable, Bisection method, Newton‟s Method, Secant Method, Roots of Polynomials,
multiple roots, complex roots, factoring, Applications, System of linear equations, Gauss
elimination with back substitution, Complexity of Gauss elimination, LU decomposition,
Eigen Values, Iterative methods for Linear equations, interpolation and approximation,
polynomial interpolation, cubic splines, least square polynomial approximation, numerical
differentiation, Trapezoidal and Simpson‟s Rules, Romberg Integration, Gaussian
Quadrature, solution of ordinary differential equation, Euler‟s Method, Runge-Kuta Method,
step-size control time permitting, multi-step methods time permitting.
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RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Richard L. brden, J. Dauglas Faires, Numerical Analysis 9th Ed. Cengage Learning,
2011.
2. Timothy Sauer, Numerical Analysis 9th Ed., 2007.
3. Dr. Muhammad Iqbal, “An introduction to Numerical Analysis”, Ilmi kitab Khana
Lahore.
PHY-2306 BASIC LAB-III
LIST A (ELECTROMAGNETISM)
1. Magnetic induction.
2. Inductance of solenoid.
3. Capacitor in AC circuit.
4. Rectifier circuits.
5. RC Filters.
6. High-pass & low-pass filters.
7. RLS measuring bridge.
8. Resistance, phase shift and power in AC circuits.
9. To plot I-H curve for a material by a magnetometer. Also determine magnetic constants
for that material.
10. To determine charge sensitivity of Ballistic galvanometer.
11. To compare capacitances of two capacitors by Ballistic galvanometer.
LIST B (OPTICS)
12. To determine wavelength of sodium light by Fresnel‟s biprism.
13. To determine wavelength of sodium light by diffracting grating using spectrometer.
14. To determine resolving power of diffracting grating rings.
15. To determine the diameter of lycopodium particles by corona rings.
16. To determine specific rotation of sugar (glucose) by polarimeter.
17. To measure vertical distance between two inaccessible points (height of an
inaccessible object) by extant.
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SEMESTER- IV

PHY -2401 Thermodynamics (F) 3
PHY -2402 Introduction to Quantum Physics (F) 3
PHY -2403 Arabic or (As offered by the Dept.) (G) 2
PHY -2404 Physical Chemistry (G) 3
PHY -2405 Bio Photonics (G) 3
PHY -2406 Basic Lab-IV (F) 3
Total 17
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PHY-2401 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM PHYSICS
Quantum Mechanics in One Dimension: The concept of a wave function, time independent
Schrodinger equation and interpretation of the equation, solving the Schrodinger equation for
a free particle, for a particle inside an infinite box, relationship between confinement and
quantization, working of a CCD camera. Quantum Mechanical Tunneling: Concept of
tunneling, reflection and transmission of wave functions from barriers, applications:
radioactivity, scanning tunneling microscope, decay of black holes. Quantum Mechanics in
Three Dimensions: The Hydrogen atom, orbitals, angular momentum and its quantization,
orbital magnetism, Zeeman effect, concept of spin, Pauli‟s exclusion principle, Building of
the periodic table, magnetic resonance and MRI, why is iron magnetic? White dwarfs,
and neutron stars. From Atoms to Molecules and Solids: Ionic bonds, covalent bonds,
hydrogen bonds, molecular orbitals, how crystals are different from amorphous solids?
Why and how do metals conduct electricity? Bands in solids, semiconductors, introduction
to LED's and lasers, introducing grapheme.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. R.A. Serway, C.J. Moses and C.A. Moyer, “Modern Physics”,Brooks Cole, 3 rd ed.
2004.
2. Paul A.Tipler and Ralph A. Llewellyn, “Modern Physics”, W H Freeman and
Company 6th ed. 2012.
3. Arthur Beiser, “Concepts of Modern Physics”, McGraw-Hill, 6th ed. 2002.
4. R. M. Eisberg and R. Resnick, “Quantum Physics of Atoms, molecules, Solids,
Nuclei and Particles”, John Wiley, 2nd ed. 2002.
PHY-2402 THERMODYNAMICS
Temperature, concept of temperature and thermal equilibrium, temperature scales, measuring

temperature, Thermal expansion, Ideal Gas, Molecular properties of Gases. The atomic
nature of matter, a molecular view of pressure, the mean free path, the distribution of
molecular speeds and molecular energies, Equation of state, intermolecular forces, concepts
of Heat, The first law of thermodynamics. Heat capacity and specific heat, work done on or
by an ideal gas, the internal energy of an ideal gas, heat capacity of an ideal gas, Application
of first law of thermodynamics, one-way processes, Defining entropy change, entropy change
for reversible processes, The second law of thermodynamics, entropy and the performance of
engines and refrigerators, the efficiencies of real Engines, The second law revisted, A
statistical Review of entropy.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Halliday, Resnick and Krane, “physics” 5th Ed., Vol 1, John Wiley and Sons.
2. Roger A. Freedman Hugh D. “University Physics”, 11th Ed., Ben.-Cumm., Pub
3. Serway and Jewett, “Physics for Scientists and Engineers 6th Ed.”, John Wiley and
Sons.
30 of 61
‫‪PHY-2403‬‬ ‫‪ARABIC‬‬
‫ادلرساالول‬
‫امس‪،‬لعف‪،‬رحف‪،‬یکرعتافیت‪،‬اثمںیل‬ ‫اامسےئاشاراتاناکاامعتسل‪،‬اثمںیل‬ ‫رعیباافلظ‪،‬اعمین۔‬ ‫٭‬
‫املکتااہفتسم‪،‬معن‪ ،‬لب‪،‬اکاامعتسلواہلثم‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااثلین‬
‫امضئرہلصتمرعیبولمجںںیماامعتسل‪،‬قشم‬ ‫اافلظاعمین‪،‬امضئریکااسقم‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااثلل‬
‫رمبکااضیف‪،‬رعتفی۔اہلثم‬ ‫السیل‪،‬لیست‪،‬رحوفیفنیکرعتافیتواہلثم‬ ‫اافلظ‪،‬اعمین‬ ‫٭‬
‫رعیبےلمج‪،‬ئرہمج‪،‬قشم‬
‫ادلرسااسلدس‬
‫وقادععمجرسکماوراثمںیل‪،‬قشم‬ ‫عمجیکااسقماوراثمںیل‬ ‫وادح‪،‬عمج‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااسلعب‬
‫وقادعلعفامیض‪،‬واہلثم‪،‬قشم‬ ‫لعفامیضیکاثمںیل‬ ‫لعفامیض‪،‬رعتفیاملکت‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااثلنم‬
‫وقادعلعفاضمرع‪،‬اکمہمل۔قشم‬ ‫لعفاضمرع‪،‬واہلثم‬ ‫لعفاضمرع‪،‬املکت‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااتلعس‬
‫وقادعلعففنصمواثمںیل۔قشم‬ ‫لعففنصمواہلثم‬ ‫لعففنصمواملکت‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااعلرش‬
‫وقادع‪،‬قشم‬ ‫لعفحیحص‪،‬لعفلتعم‪،‬اثمںیل۔‬ ‫لعفحیحص‪،‬لعفلتعم‪،‬املکت‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااحلدیرشع‬
‫ل‬
‫اامسءا خمستہ‪،‬قشم‬ ‫ذمرکومن‪،‬اثمںیل۔‬ ‫ذمرکومن‪،‬املکت‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااثلینرشع‬
‫وقعدواہلثم‬ ‫وقادعوادعاد‬ ‫ادعادواہلثم‬ ‫ادعاد‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااثللرشعہ‬
‫ای۔مکاہلثم‬ ‫مک۔ایاوراناکاامعتسل‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسارلاعبرشعہ‬
‫اثمںیل‪،‬ےلمج‬ ‫امسافلع‪،‬املکت‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااخلزمرشعہ‬
‫ع لجلس‬
‫ےلمج‪،‬اثمںیل‬ ‫ا ضااءا م‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااسلدسرشعہ‬
‫املکتواہلثم‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااسلعبرشعہ‬
‫ہلمجاہیمسوہلمجہیلعف‬ ‫٭‬
‫‪31 of 61‬‬
‫ادلرسااشلنمرشعہ‬
‫اخمرجارحلوف‬،‫رمقہی‬،‫رحوفشمستہ‬،‫رحوفیقلح‬ ‫رحوف َمدہ‬،‫رحوفالہجلااء‬ ‫٭‬
‫ادلرسااتلعسرشعہ‬
‫ل‬
‫ا ممررضتہ‬،‫امالمجالضتااء‬،‫ُداع‬ ‫االنادیشااتخملرہ‬ ‫٭‬
‫ٹسکیٹ ُ لبااسللنارعلیب۔العہماابقلاونپویوینریٹساالسمآنلادنااتسکن‬
PHY-2404 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Bohrs atomic model and its defects dual nature of electron , Compton effect, Schrodinger
equation of particle in one and three dimension box, Gauss law, kinetic gauss equation,
Vander walls equation, critical phenomenon, liquid identification of gases, specific heat
(molar heat capacity), surface tension, viscosity, osmic pressure, BH buffer solution,
Spectrophotometry, Basic concepts of colloid chemistry, classification, purification (dialysis),
chemical thermodynamics, Hess‟s law, Heat reaction, Relation between H and U
measurement of heat reaction, Bomb calorimeter, laws of electrolysis, E.M.F. series,
corrosion (Theories , inhibition and protection), Types of bonds, Orbital hybridization,
Metallic bonding, Hydrogen bonding, Laws of thermodynamics, entropy, Carnot cycle,
properties and generation composition of metals and alloys such as iron, copper, Aluminum,
chromium, zinc, uses in engineering field, inorganic chemistry of engineering materials:
cement, Glass. Organic Engineering Materials: polymers, Rubbers, Plastics, Paints,
Semiconductors and Dielectric materials, Le- chastiser‟s principle, Law of mass action,
Applications.
RECOMENDED BOOKS
1. Peter W. Atkins, Physical Chemistry, W.H. freeman Company,2001
2. Gordon M. Barrow, Physical Chemistry, 5th edition , Tata McGraw-Hill Co.,1994
3. Ghulam Nabi, Physical Chemistry, Ilmi Kitab Khana Urdu Bazar Lahore, 1998.
PHY-2405 BIO PHOTONICS
Review of Optics, geometric optics, wave optics, radiometry and fiber optics. Optical
instrument: microscope grating spectrometer, Polarimetry, Optical properties of tissue-
absorption and scattering. Monte Carlo simulation, Beer‟s law optical phase function,
Spectroscopy: Light matter interaction, theoretical models, Applications of theoretical
models, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Optical Coherence tomography, Fluorescence and
Fluorescence recovery, Confocal microscopy, fiber optic sensors, Medical imaging.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Prasad, Introduction to Biophotonic
2. E. Collett, Polarized Light: Fundamentals and applications
3. V. V. Tuchin, Optical Polarization in biomedical applications
32 of 61
PHY-2406 OPTICS LAB
1. To prove the Rutherford law of scattering of charged particles.
2. Measurement of the spectrum of gamma rays from a radioisotope and study of their
phenomenon and Compton absorption.
3. To examine the stopping-power of various substances for thermal neutrons.
4. Determination of the charge on an electron (e) by Millikan‟s method.
5. Fabry-Perot interferometer used as a gas refractometer.
6. Nuclear magnetic resonance (N.M.R.) of protons in water.
7. Determination of range of alpha particles.
8. Stopping power for alpha particles in air equivalent of Mica, Ag, Cu and Al.
9. Absorption co-efficient of alpha particles using as electroscope.
10. Characteristic curves of Geiger Muller counter.
11. Absorption co-efficient of Beta and gamma rays using G.M. Counter.
33 of 61
SEMESTER-V

PHY- 3501 Method of Mathematical Physics-I (M) 3
PHY- 3502 Classical Mechanics (M) 3
PHY- 3503 Basic Electronics (M) 3
PHY- 3504 Electromagnetic Theory-I (M) 3
Physics Lab-I (M)
PHY- 3505 3
(Electronics)
Total 15
34 of 61
PHY-3501 METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS-I
Advanced vector and tensor analysis: Transformation Properties of Vectors, Gradient,

Divergence and Curl of Vectors, Vector Integration, Line, Surface and Volume Integration,
Gauss's Theorem, Stokes Theorem and Green's Theorem, Dirac Delta Function, Vector
Analysis in Curved Coordinates, Tensor Analysis. COMPLEX VARIABLES: Analytic
Functions, Types of Functions, Type of Singularities, Branch Cut, Branch Points, Theorem of
Moreira, Maximum Modulus Theorem, Cauchy-Rieman Condition, Taylor and Laurent‟s
Series, Complex Integration, Cauchy's Theorem, Cauchy's Integral Formula, Residue
Theorem, Examples of Integration. MATRICES: Linear Vector Spaces, Orthogonal System,
Linear Transformation of Bases and Operators, Matrices (basic definitions), Orthogonal
Matrices, Hermitian and Unitary Matrices, Diagonalization of Matrices, Solution of Eigen-
Value Problems.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 6th Edition, George Arfiken,
2. Mathematical Physics, Bukove, Addison-Wesley
3. Mathematical Methods of Physics, News and Walker.
4. Mathematical Physics, Gupta, Vikas Publication
5. Vector Analysis with applications to Geometry and Physics, Schwartz, Green and
Rutledge, Harper and Ron.
6. Complex Variables and Applications, Churchill, Mc-Graw Hill Company.
7. Vector Analysis; Rawat.
8. Introduction to Tensor Calculus & Relativity, Lader
PHY-3502 CLASSICAL MECHANICS
Classical mechanics: Survey of Newtonian Mechanics of a Single and System of Particles,

Constraints, D-Alembert's Principle, Lagrange's Equations and its Applications, Calculus of
Variation and Hamilton's Principle, Derivation of Lagrange's Equation from Hamilton's
Principle, Two Body Central Force Problem and its Reduction to the Equivalent one Body,
Problem, The Equation of Motion and Solution for one Body. The Kepler Laws, Laboratory
and Center of Mass Co-ordinate Systems and Their Mutual Transformation, Rutherford
Scattering Formula, Legendre Transformation and Hamilton Equation of Motion, Cyclic
Coordinates, Conservation Theorems and Physical Significance of The Hamiltonian For
Simple Cases, The Canonical Transformation and Their Examples, The Lagrange's and The
Poisson's Brackets, Liouville Theorem Small Oscillations and Normal Modes. THE
KINEMATICS OF RIGID BODY MOTION: Rotations in Three Dimension, Orthogonal
Transformation, Euler Angles, Coriolis Force. SPECIAL RELATIVITY: Michelson-Morley
Experiment, Einstein's Postulates of Relativity, Lorentz Transformation, Geometry of Space
and Time, Addition of Velocities, Kinetic Energy of Relativistic Particles, Mass Energy
Relation, Momentum of Relativistic Particles, Energy Equation of Charge Particle Including
Electromagnetic Potential, Orthogonal Transformation in three Dimensions, Lorentz
Transformation as Orthogonal Transformation.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Classical Mechanics; H. Goldstein
2. Classical Dynamics of Particles and System; M. Thornton
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3. Introduction to Classical Mechanics with Problems and Solutions; Morin.
4. Special theory of Relativity (French), Books pipe and Harwell
5. Classical Mechanics; Carbon and Steel.
PHY- 3503 BASIC ELECTRONICS
Electrical concepts and theorems: Basic Electrical Concepts (Ohm & Kirchhoff Laws),
Circuit Elements (Active & Passive) Behaviors, Transformer (Introduction), Wave Filters
(Low & High),) Acceptor & Rejecter Circuit, Differentiator & Integrator, Circuit Theorems
(Thevenin, Norton, Superposition and Maximum Power Transfer Theorems, DC Analysis
Only). Semiconductor diode characteristics and applications: PN-Junction Diode, Ideal and
Real Behavior and Characteristics, Junction Capacitance, Reverse Recovery Time, Frequency
Response, Temperature Effect, Diode as a Rectifier, Half Wave, Full Wave and Bridge
Rectifier, Smoothing Circuit, Diode Clipper and Clampers, Zener Diode, Voltage Regulation.
BJT characteristics and dc biasing: BJT, Transistor Characteristics as CBC, CEC, CCC,
Transistor Voltage Amplification, Transistor Biasing, Fixed Current Bias, Collector-to-Base
Bias, Emitter Current Bias, Temperature Effect, Q-Point Operation, Graphical Analysis,
Small Signal Analysis, codes and logic gates: Codes, BCD, Octal and Hexa-Decimal Codes,
Excess-3 Code, Alphanumeric Codes, Parity In Codes, Code Detection and Correction, Gray
Code, Logic Gates (OR, AND, NOT, NOR, NAND, Ex-OR) and Their Truth Tables.
Boolean algebra and combinational logic circuits: Boolean Algebra Fundamentals, Boolean
Theorems, DE Morgan‟s Theorems, NAND-NOR Gate Design, SOP & POS Expression,
Simplifying Logic Circuits, Algebraic Simplification, Designing Combinational Logic
Circuits. Flip-flops, counters, registers and memory: Flip-Flops (NAND-NOR gate latch),
Clocked Flip-Flop, Clocked S-C, J-K, D-, T-Flip-Flop, Monostable and Astable
Multivibrators.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Electronics Devices (7Ed Conventional Current Version); Floyd L. Thomos.
2. Digital Fundamentals 8th ED; Floyd L. Thomos
3. Digital Systems Principles and Applications 10th Ed. Tocci Ronald J.
4. Electronic Devices and Circuits 4th Ed. Bell D.A.
5. Electronic Devices and Circuit theory; Nashelsky L. and Boylested R.
PHY- 3504 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY-I
Electrostatic fields: Review of Coulomb's law, Field intensity, Electric Potential Gauss's law,
Field and potential due to a charge distribution, Dipole. Linear quadrupole and multipole due
to charge distribution, Coefficient of capacitance and inductance, Potential energy of a charge
distribution, Energy density in an electric field, forces on conductors. Dielectrics: The electric
polarization, Electric displacement D, Electric susceptibility, The dielectric coefficient,
Calculation of Electrostatic field involving dielectrics, Dielectric sphere with a point charge
at its center, Calussius Mossotti equation, Potential energy of a charge Distribution in the
presence of dielectrics, Laplace and Poisson's equation, Boundary conditions, Uniqueness
theorem, Images for plane and spherical surface, Images in dielectrics, Charge near a semi-
infinite dielectric, Solution of Laplace's equation for Rectangular and Spherical systems.
Magnetic fields of steady currents: Magnetic forces, Magnetic induction, The Biot-Savart law
and its Applications, The Lorentz force on a point charge moving in a magnetic field, parallel
36 of 61
plate magnetron, the divergence of the magnetic induction B, the vector potential A, Equation
of continuity, Divergence of vector potential, The Curl of magnetic Induction, The Ampere's
circuital law and its applications, Magnetic scalar potential, Magnetic dipole moment of a
current loop, Ampere Circuital law and the Scalar potential.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Electrodynamics 3rd Ed; Griffths
2. Electromagnetic Field and Waves, Lorrain and Corson
3. Electromagnetism, Reitz and Milford.
4. Electromagnetism with Applications, Lorrain and Corson
5. The Physics of Electricity & Magnetism, Scott.
6. Classical Electrodynamics, Jackson
PHY- 3505 PHYSICS LAB-I
1. Design and Construction of Wave shaping circuits (Integrator, Differentiator, Clipper
and Clamper) and study of their characteristics.
2. Study of a PN-junction diode characteristics and construction of half wave and full
wave (center tapped and bridge) circuits and study of their characteristics with load
resistance and filters
3. Design of a low tension regulated power supply using fixed and variable voltage
regulators.
4. Draw BJT (Bipolar junction transistor) I/P and O/P characteristics in CE and CB
configuration and Derivation of I/P and O/P parameters.
5. Design and construction of a single stage common emitter transistor amplifier and
measurement of Input / Output Impedance and frequency response curve.
6. Design and construction of Operational amplifier with 741 IC and study its
characteristics and functions
7. Design and construction of discrete AND, OR, NOT (invertor), NAND and NOR Logic
Gate circuits and verify their truth tables using discrete components and 74LS00 and
74LS03 ICs for the same purposes.
8. Design and construction of a Monostable, Astable and Bistable Multivibrators and
study of their characteristics using IC and discrete components.
37 of 61
SEMESTER- VI

PHY- 3601 Method of Mathematical Physics-II (M) 3
PHY- 3602 Electromagnetic Theory-II (M) 3
PHY- 3603 Solid State Physics (M) 3
PHY- 3604 Atomic Physics (M) 3
Physics Lab -II
PHY- 3605 3
(Solid State Physics) (M)
Total 15
38 of 61
PHY- 3601 METHOD OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS-II
Fourier series: Definition of Fourier Series, Example of Fourier Series, Fourier Sine and
Cosine Series, Complex Form of Fourier Series, point wise and mean convergence of Fourier
series, Applications of Fourier series. Fourier transform: Integral Transforms, Fourier
Transforms of Derivatives, Fourier Sine Transform, Fourier Cosine Transform, Fourier
Transformation of Generalized Functions, Fourier Transform and its Properties, Connection
Between Laplace and Fourier Transform, Laplace Transform, its Properties and Applications.
Special functions: Partial Differential Equations of Theoretical Physics, Separation of
Variables, Singular Points, Series Solutions, Forbenius Method, Non-Homogenous Equation,
Gamma Function (Definitions and Simple Properties), Beta Function, Bessel Function of
First Kind, Bessel Function of Second Kind, Fourier Bessel Series, Generating Functions of
Legendre Functions, Recurrence Relations and Special Properties, Spherical Harmonics,
Green‟s Functions.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 6th Edition, George Arfiken,
2. Mathematical Physics, Bukove, Addison-Wesley
3. Mathematical Methods of Physics, News and Walker.
4. Mathematical Physics, Gupta, Vikas Publication
5. Mathematical Methods for Physicists, Skolonihoff
6. Fundamental of Mathematical Physics, Krout E. A.
PHY- 3602 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY-II
Induced electromotance and magnetic energy: Faraday's Induction Law, Induced

Electromotance in a Moving System, Inductance and Induced Electromotance, Energy Stored
in a Magnetic Field, Self–Inductance for a Volume Distribution of Current, Magnetic Force
between two Currents. Magnetic Torque. Magnetic materials: The Magnetic Polarization
Vector M, The Magnetic Induction B from Polarized Magnetic Material at an Exterior Point,
at an Interior Point, Magnetic Field Intensity H, Hysteresis, Boundary Conditions, Magnetic
Field Calculations. Propagation of plane electromagnetic waves in matter: Maxwell's
Equation in Differential and Integral Forms, Electromagnetic Waves in a Free Space, The
Poynting Vector, The E and H Vectors in Homogeneous, Isotropic Linear and Stationary
Media, Propagation of Plane Electromagnetic Wave in Non-Conducting and Conducting
Media, Propagation of Plane Electromagnetic Waves in Ionized Gases.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Electrodynamics 3rd Ed; Griffths
2. Electromagnetic Field and Waves, Lorrain and Corson
3. Electromagnetism, Reitz and Milford.
4. Electromagnetism with Applications, Lorrain and Corson
5. The Physics of Electricity & Magnetism, Scott.
6. Classical Electrodynamics, Jackson.
39 of 61
PHY- 3603 SOLID STATE PHYSICS
Crystal structure: Lattices (Bravais and Non-Bravais Lattices), Primitive and Non Primitive
Unit Cell, Wigner-Seitz Unit Cell, Symmetry and Symmetry Operations, Miller Indices and
Planes, Classification of Lattices, 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional Lattices, (Nacl, Cscl,
Zns and Diamond Lattices), Reciprocal Lattice. Crystal diffraction: Bragg's law, Von-Laue
equation, Experimental techniques of X-ray diffraction (Laue method, Rotating crystal
method, Powder method), Electron diffraction, Neutron diffraction. Crystal binding: Covalent
Bonding, Metallic Bonding, Hydrogen Bonding, Ionic Bonding, Cohesive Energy of Ionic
Crystals, Van-der-Waals Bonding, Van-Der-Waals London Interaction. Semiconductor
crystals: Crystal Structure and Bonding, Band Structure, Band Structure of Semiconductors,
Impurity States, Donor States Accepter States, Holes, Effective Mass, Intrinsic Carrier
Concentration (Law of Mass Action), Hall Effect. Lattice vibrations: Dynamics of One-
Dimensional Monoatomic Linear Lattice, Dynamics of One-Dimensional Diatomic Linear
Lattice, Physical Difference Between Optical and Acoustic Branches, Excitation of Optical
Branch, Quantization of Elastic Waves Phonons, Phonon Momentum. Specific heat of solids:
Lattice Heat Capacity, Dulong and Petit Law for Specific Heat of Solids, Einstein Model of
Specific Heat of Solids, Debye Model of Specific Heat of Solids with High and Low
Temperature Limitations.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Solid State Physics (6th edition), C. Kittel.
2. An Introduction to Solid State Physics and its Applications, R. J Elliot and A. F.
Gibson; ELBS and Macmillan.
3. Elementary Solid State Physics, Ali Omar.
4. Solid State Physics, Neil W. Ashcroft & N David Marmin.
5. Solid State Physics, J. S. Blackmore; W. B. Saunders.
PHY- 3604 ATOMIC PHYSICS
Atomic models: Thompson Model, Rutherford Model, Rutherford Scattering Formula,

Nuclear Dimensions and Electron Orbits. Atomic structure and atomic spectra: Bohr Theory
of Atomic Structure and Atomic Spectra, Correspondence Principle Correction for Nuclear
Motion, Frank Hertz Experiment, Somerfield Elliptic Orbits, Relativity Correction and
Hydrogen Fine Structure, Vector Model of the Atom, Space Quantization, Stern Gerlach
Experiment, Orbital Angular Momentum, Spin Angular Momentum, Total Angular
Momentum, Orbital and Spin Magnetic Moments, Magnetic Quantum Numbers, Pauli's
Exclusion Principle, Distribution of Electrons in an Atom, Spectral Notations, Relative
Intensity Measurements. Coupling Scheme (LS and JJ Coupling), Zeeman Effect (Normal
and Ananolous), Spectra of Two Electrons Atom, Inner Core Electron Spectra (X-Rays),
Stark Effect. Quantum theory of radiation: The Failure of Classical Physics to Describe
Atomic Phenomena, Emission and Absorption of Thermal Radiation, Classical Theory of
Thermal Radiation and Its Failure, Planks's Quantum Theory of Thermal Radiation. Waves
and particles: de-Brogli's Hypothesis, Diffraction of Electron and Neutron, Velocity of the
De-Brogli Wave, Group Velocity and Phase Velocity, Photoelectric Effect, Compton Effect
and Pair Production.
40 of 61
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Concept of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, 4th Ed
2. Physics of Atoms and Molecules, B. H. Bransden and C. J. Joachain
3. Atomic Spectra, White,
4. Elements of Spectroscopy, S. L. Gupta, V Kumar and C. Sharma 9th Ed.
PHY- 3605 PHYSICS LAB -II (SOLID STATE PHYSICS)
1. To investigate the Hall Effect in semiconductor or in metal and to draw the graph
between Hall voltage and current.
2. To verify the Bragg's law for X-ray diffraction by using the rock salt crystal.
3. To expose the Van-Laue pattern of LiF on X-ray film
4. To determine the dielectric constant of solid by capacitor method.
5. (a) To study the characteristics of photocell.
(b) To study the characteristics of thermistor.
6. To determine the energy gap in Silicon or Germanium.
7. To find the crystal structure of graphite by electron diffraction.
8. To study the thermoelectric effect by using the heat pump.
9. To study the crystal lattice structure of tungsten by Field Emission Microscope.
10. To measurement the resistivity & conductivity of metals & non-metals.
41 of 61
SEMESTER-VII

PHY- 4701 Nuclear Physics 3
PHY- 4702 Quantum Mechanics–I 3
PHY- 4703 Computational Physics 3
PHY- 4704 Physics Lab -III (Nuclear Physics) 3
PHY-47(5-7) Elective Course–I 3
PHY-4708 / Final Year Project/ Optional course 3
PHY-47(09-15)
Total 18
42 of 61
PHY- 4701 NUCLEAR PHYSICS
Basic properties: Proton-Electron Theory of the Nucleus, Proton-Neutron Theory of the

Nucleus, Size, Mass, Binding Energy, Dipole and Quadruple Moments (Electric) Parity and
Statistics of Nuclei: particle detectors and accelerators: Passage of Charged Particles Through
Matter, Energy Loss and Stopping Power, G.M Counter, Proportional Counter, Ionization
Chamber, Semiconductor Detector, Scintillation Counter. Linear Accelerator, Betatron,
Cyclotron. Radioactivity: Introduction to Radioactivity, Laws of Radioactive Disintegrations,
Theory of Alpha Decay, Alpha-Ray Spectra, Introduction to Classical Theory of Beta Decay,
Non Conservation of Parity in Beta Decay, Neutrino Hypothesis, Introduction to Gamma-
Decay. Nuclear forces (introductory): Two Body Problem, Ground State of Deuteron, Spin
Dependence and Charge Independence of Nuclear Force, Yukawa Theory. Nuclear reactions:
Conservation Laws of Nuclear- Reactions, Q-Value and Threshold Energy, Theory of
Compound Nucleus, Nuclear Cross-Section, Reaction Induced by Photons, Protons,
Deuterons and Alpha Particles, Nuclear Fission, (Symmetric & Asymmetric) & Fusion.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Nuclear physics, D.G.Tyal.
2. Nuclear physics, K.S. Krane
3. Nuclear physics 2nd ED Kaplan.
4. A text book of nuclear physics, Smith.
5. Theoretical nuclear physics, Belatt and Weisskoff.
6. Introduction to Nuclear Physics, H-Enge.
PHY- 4702 QUANTUM MECHANICS
Operators and Eigen functions: Observables and Operators, Eigen Functions and Eigen
Values, The Measurements in Quantum Mechanics, The State Function and Expectation
Values, Orthogonal Systems, Completeness of Eigen Functions, Hermitian Operator,
Simultaneous Eigen Functions and The Commutator, The Parity Operator, The Fundamental
Commutation Rule and The Uncertainty Principle, Ehrenfest Theorem, Correspondence
Principle. Formulation of quantum mechanics: Wave Particle Duality, Wave Packets,
Uncertainty Principle and the Related Gedenken Experiment, Wave Function for a Free
Particle, Schrödinger Equation, Interpretation of Wave Function, Probability Density and
Probability Current. Application of schrödinger equation: Application of Schrödinger
Equation for one Dimensional Problems, Potential Step, Potential Barrier and Tunneling,
Rectangular Potential-Well, Linear Harmonic Oscillator. Spherically symmetric systems: The
Schrödinger Equation for Spherically Symmetric Potentials, Degeneracy, Angular
Momentum, Many Particle System, the Hydrogen Atom.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introductory Quantum Mechanics 4th ED, Richard Liboff.
2. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 2nd ED, David Griffith.
3. Modern Quantum Mechanics. Sakurai.
4. Quantum Mechanics, S-Gasiorowiz.
5. Quantum Mechanics, Gupta.
6. Quantum Mechanics, Powell and Grasemann.
43 of 61
PHY- 4703 COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
A brief introduction of the computer languages and known software packages of

computation. Numerical solution of equation, Regression and interpretation, Numerical
integration and differentiation. Error analysis and techniques for elimination of systematic
and random errors. Conceptual models. The mathematical models, random numbers,
Computer simulations, relationship of modeling and simulation. Some systems of interest for
Physicist such as Motion of Falling objects, Kepler‟ problems. Oscillatory motions, Many
particle systems, Dynamical systems. Wave phenomena. Field of static charges and current,
Diffusion, Population genetics.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. M. L. De Jong, “Introduction to Computational Physics”, Adision Wely Publishing
Company Inc.
2. S. T. Koonini, “Computational Physics”, The Benjamin/Cumming Publishing Inc.
3. H. Gould and J. Tobochmik, “An Introduction to Computer Simulation Methods”,
Adision Weley.
PHY- 6304 PHYSICS LAB -III (NUCLEAR PHYSICS)
1. To draw the G M Tube's characteristics
2. To find the dead time of a G M Tube.
3. To study the exponential decrease in the intensity of gamma rays with thickness and
determination of the linear absorption coefficient and mass absorption coefficient of
lead.
4. To study the statistics fluctuation in emission of gamma rays and to compare the
theoretical and experimental curve.
5. Determination of range of Alpha particles using solid state detector.
6. Determination of the maximum energy of beta - particles.
7. Determination of half-life of thoron gas
8. To verify the inverse square law of Nuclear radiations.
9. Detection of g-rays by sodium iodide (NaI) detector system
PHY-4705 ELECTRONICS-I
Alternating source & application: Sinusoidal Voltage & Current, Phase Angle, Complex
Impedance, Basic Element of AC Circuit, Power & Power Factor, Power Factor correction,
Three wire distributaries system, Complex Network Analysis, (KVL, KCL, Thevenin, Norton
and Superposition Theorem). Fourier methods of waveform analysis: Trigonometric &
Exponential Fourier Series, Waveform Symmetry, Laplace Transform & Its Application to
Circuit Analysis. Initial and Final Value Theorem and Its Application to Circuits. Field effect
transistor: n-Channel JFET and its Characteristics, p-Channel JFET and its Characteristics,
FET Voltage Amplification, JFET Construction, MOSFET and Power MOSFET.
Optoelectronics and three terminal semiconductor devices: Photodiodes, Photoconductive
Cells, LED, Solar Cell, Thermistor, Schottky Barrier Diode, Varactor Diode, Tunnel Diode,
Laser Diode SCR, DIAC, TRIAC and Their Characteristics. Light Activated SCR, Shockley
Diode. Large signal amplifier: Class a Amplifier, Transformer-Coupled Power Amp., Class-B
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Amp., Operation and Circuits, Classes of Amp. Operations and Distortion, Power Transistor
Heat Sinking. Transiting modeling and multistage system: Transistor Modeling, Transistors
Hybrid Equivalent Circuit, re-Model, Graphical Determination of the h-parameters, General
Cascaded system, RC-Coupled Amplifier, Transformer Coupled Transistor Amplifier, Direct
Coupled Transistor Amplifier, Cascaded Amplifier. Application of operational amplifier and
frequency response: Inverting and Non-Inverting Op-Amp., Summing Amplifier, Comparator
Voltage Follower, Active Filter, Integrator, Differentiator, Op-Amp. Circuit Stability,
Frequency and Phase Response, Frequency Compensation, Circuit Bandwidth, Circuit
Stability Precautions. Integrated circuits(ic‟s): IC‟s Recent development in IC‟s, Monolithic
IC Fabrication Procedures and Techniques, Hybrid IC‟s. Analog and Digital IC‟s.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Electronics Devices (7Ed Conventional Current Version); Floyd L. Thomos.
2. Digital Fundamentals 8th ED; Floyd L. Thomos
3. Digital Systems Principles and Applications 10th Ed. Tocci Ronald J.
4. Electronic Devices and Circuits 4th Ed. Bell D.A.
5. Electronic Devices and Circuit theory; Nashelsky L. and Boylested R.
PHY-4706 SOLID STATE PHYSICS-I
Free electron fermi gas: Energy Levels and Density of Orbital in one Dimension, Effect of
Temperature on The Fermi-Dirac Distribution, Free Electron Gas in Three Dimensions, Heat
Capacity of the Electron Gas, Experimental Heat Capacity of Metals, Electrical Conductivity
and Ohm's Law, Experimental Electrical Resistivity of Metals, Motion in Magnetic Fields,
Hall Effect, Thermal Conductivity of Metals, Ratio of Thermal to Electrical Conductivity.
Energy bands: Nearly Free Electron Model, Origin of the Energy Gap, Magnitude of the
Energy Gap, Bloch Functions, Kronig-Penney Model, Wave Equation of Electron in Periodic
Potential, Restatement of the Bloch Theorem, Crystal Momentum of an Electron, Solution of
the Central Equation, Empty Lattice Approximation. Semiconductor crystals: Band Gap,
Equation of Motion, Fuller Derivation of F = Nk Holes Effective Mass, Physical Basis of the
Effective Mass, Effective Masses in Semiconductors Silicon and Germanium, Intrinsic
Carrier Concentration, Mobility in the Intrinsic Region, Impurity Conductivity, Thermal
Ionization of Donors and Accepters, Mobility in the Presence of Impurities, P-N Junction,
Rectification, Solar Cell and Photovoltaic Detectors, Schottky Barrier. Superconductivity:
Occurrence of Superconductivity, Destruction of Superconductivity by Magnetic Fields,
Meissner Effect, Thermodynamics of the Superconducting Transition, London Equation,
Coherence Length, BCS Theory of Superconductivity, Flux Quantization in a
Superconducting Ring, Type II Superconductors, Vortex State, Estimation of HC1 and HC2,
Single Particle Tunneling, Josephson Superconductor Tunneling, DC Josephson Effect, AC
Josephson Effect.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittel, 5th.ed. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Solid State Physics, W. Neil Ashcroft & N. Marmin David, Holt-Saunders
International.
3. Solid State Physics, J. Blakmore Saunders.
4. Elementary Solid State Physics, Ali Omer, Addison Wesley.
5. Thermal Physics, C. Kittel John Wiley & Sons.
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PHY-4707 NUCLEAR PHYSICS-I
Radioactivity and isotopes: Fundamental Laws of Radioactivity, Measurements of Decay

Constant, Radioactive Equilibrium, Half and Mean Life of Radioactive Isotopes, Natural
Radioactive Series, Isotopes and Their Separation and Use, The Discovery of Artificial
Radioactivity, Artificial Radio Nuclides. Alpha decay: The Stability of Heavy Nuclei Against
Emission, Theories of Alpha Decay (Classical and Quantum Mechanical), Alpha- Particle
Spectra, Measurements of Alpha- Particle Energies and Velocities, Nuclear Energy Levels as
Deduced from Alpha-Decay Data, The Absorption of Alpha-Particles, Range, Ionization and
Stopping Power. Beta decay: The Beta Decay, The Velocity and Energy of Beta-Particles,
Beta-Particles Spectra, Neutrino Hypothesis, Fermi Theory of Beta-Decay, Curie Plot,
Allowed and Forbidden Transitions, Selection Rules, Parity Violation in Beta-Decay,
Electron Capture, Range-Energy Relation. Life-Time of Beta Emitters. Gamma decay:
Introduction to Gamma Decay, Multipolority of Gamma-Radiations, Measurements of
Gamma Rays Energies (Using Nai (Tl) Detector), Measurements of Life Times of Excited
States. Nuclear reactions: Kinds of Nuclear Reactions, Conservation Laws of Nuclear
Reactions, Q-Value of Threshold Energy of the Nuclear Reactions, Transmutation by
3 3
Photons, by Protons, by Alpha- Particles, by Neutrons, by Deuterons, by 1H or 2H , by
Radiations and by Heavy Ions, Kinematics of Nuclear Reactions, Bohr Compound Nuclear
Theory and its Limitations, Nuclear Reaction Cross Section.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
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SEMESTER-VIII

PHY- 4801 Statistical Mechanics and Thermal Physics 3
PHY- 4802 Quantum Mechanics-II 3
PHY- 4803 Physics Lab-IV (General Physics) 3
PHY- 48(4-6) Elective course-II 3
PHY- 4807 /
Final year Project/ optional Course 3
PHY-48(08-13)
PHY-48(08-13) Optional Course 3
Total 18
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PHY- 4801 STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND THERMAL
PHYSICS
Thermal physics: Review of Laws of Thermodynamics, Maxwell's Relations

Thermodynamic Potentials, Criteria of Thermodynamical Equilibrium, Intrinsic and
Mutual Stabilities of Single Component Systems, Conditions of Stabilities. The
Lechatelier Braun Principle, First Order Phase Transition, Discontinuities of Volume and
Entropy. Second Order Phase Transition, Kinetic Theory of Gases. Statistical mechanics:
Fundamental Principles, Mean Values and Probability Distributions Statistical Ensemble,
Probability and Entropy Relation- Ship, Liouville's Theorem, Statistical Concept of
Temperature, Entropy and Free Energy, Micro Canonical, Macro-Canonical and Grand
Canonical Ensembles, Macro & Micro States, Maxwell's Boltzmann Statistics and Its
Application To (I) Equipartition of Energy, (Ii) Harmonic Oscillator, (Iii) Richardson's
Equation for Thermionic Emission (Iv) Para magnetism, Quantum Statistical Mechanics-
Basic Facts of Quantum Mechanics, Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle and Bose Einstein
Statist- Ics; Its Application To Black Body Radiation, Pauli Exclusion Principle and
Fermi-Dirac Statistics; Its Application to Electron Gas, Specific Heat of Electron Gas,
Thermionic Emission, Kinetic Methods and Transport Theory, Boltzmann Transport
Equation and Its Application,
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Fundamental of statistical and thermal Physics by F. Rief.
2. Statistical Physics by C. Kittle.
3. Heat, Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics by F. H. Grawford, H Brace.
4. Statistical Physics, Barkley series.
5. Statistical Physical by A. J. Pointion, (LONGMAN).
6. Thermodynamics by H. B. Callen.
7. Thermodynamics by Gugenheim.
8. Heat and Thermodynamics by Zemansky.
PHY- 4802 QUANTUM MECHANICS
Matrix mechanics: Restatement of Quantum Mechanical Assumptions, Matrix Operators,

Bra and Ket Vectors. Schrodinger, Heisenberg and Interaction Pictures of Quantum
Mechanics. the One Dimensional Harmonic Oscillator in Matrix Mechanics. Angular
momentum and spin: Matrix Representation of Angular Momentum and Its Components,
Explicit Forms of Angular Momentum Matrices, Effect of Magnetic Field, Quantum
Theory of Normal Zeeman Effect, Electron Spin and The Pauli Spin Matrices, Electronic
States in a Central Field, Addition of Angular Momenta, The P-States of an Electron,
Spin States for Two Particles of Spin One-Half. Methods of approximation: Variational
Methods and its Application, Perturbation Theory for Non-Degenerate Stationary States
with Simple Illustration, Time Dependent Perturbation, WKB Approximation. Transition
Probability and Fermi‟s Golden Rule. Theory of scattering: Derivation of Scattering
Cross Section by Partial Wave Technique, scattering by an Attractive Square Well
Potential, Born Approximation, Scattering by Coulomb Field, Optical Theorem. Identical
particles: Principle of Indistinguishability of Identical Particles, Generalized Pauli's
Exclusion Principle, Statistics of Identical Particles, Helium Atom, Symmetric and Anti-
Symmetric Wave Functions.
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RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introductory Quantum Mechanics 4th ED, Richard Liboff.
2. Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 2nd ED, David Griffith.
3. Modern Quantum Mechanics. Sakurai.
4. Quantum Mechanics, S-Gasiorowiz.
5. Quantum Mechanics, Gupta.
6. Quantum Mechanics, Powell and Grasemann.
PHY- 4803 PHYSICS LAB -IV (GENERAL PHYSICS)
1. Michelson's Interferometer
(i) to measure the wavelength of sodium light
(ii) to measure the difference of wavelength
(iii) to measure the thickness of the thin films.
2. To study the parameters of Laser beam.
3. To measure the Planck's constants by photoelectric apparatus.
4. To measure the Planck's constants by Hydrogen discharge spectrum.
5. To determine the ratio of e/m of electron by J. J. Thomson's method.
6. To verify the quantization of energy band by Franck - Hertz experiments.
7. To determine the (g) factor by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR).
8. To find the fine structure of one electron spectrum or two electron spectrum.
PHY- 4804 ELECTRONICS-II
Combinational logic circuit: Introduction to Karnaugh Map, Truth Table to Karnaugh

Map, Sample Design Procedure, Code Converter Logic Design, Special Code Converter
Units, Quine Mc-Clusky Method. Basic Adder Circuit, Adder Unit, Basic Techniques of
Addition/Subtraction, Adder and Subtractor Circuitry, Arithmetic Operation, Trouble
Shooting Digital System. Switching circuits logic families: Switching Properties of Semi-
Conductor Devices, TTL Logic Family and Its Characteristics, CMOS Logic Family and
Its Characteristics, TTL Driving CMOS, CMOS Driving TTL Troubleshooting.
Sequential logic circuit: Shift Register Parallel Data Transfer, Serial Data Transfer, Serial
Parallel Data Transfer Register, Basic Binary Ripple Counter, Modulus Counters,
Asynchronous and Synchronous Counters, Analog-Digital Conversion, DAC, ADC,
Multiplexing, Demultiplexing and Troubleshooting. Memory circuits and magnetic
storage devices: General Memory Description, ROM, PROM, EPROM, E2PROM, Flash
Memory RAM Magnetic Storage Techniques, Magnetic Disk Storage, Floppy Disk
Operation, Magnetic Tape. Microprocessor basics: Basic Microprocessor Units, Basic
Microprocessor Architecture and Buses, Basic Instruction Cycle, Interfacing
Microprocessor Busses, Different Addressing Techniques, Basic Interrupt Processing and
Hardware Interrupts, Detail of 8085/8088 Microprocessor. Application of
microprocessor: Traffic Light Controller, Dc Motor Controller, Step Moter Controller,
Digital/Analog Conversion Control, Analog/ Digital Conversion.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Floyd l. Thomos, Digital Fundamentals, 5th Edition.
2. tocci Ronald L. Digital System, Third Edition.
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3. Nashelsky L, Introduction to Digital Technology.
4. Assembly Language for Intel Based Computers by Kip R. Irvine
5. Brey, Microprocessor Peripherals 2nd Edition
6. Barry B & Brey The Intel microprocessors Prentice-Hall Forth editions
PHY- 4805 SOLID STATE PHYSICS-II
Dielectrics and ferroelectrics: Macroscopic Electric Field, Depolarization Field, E1 Local

Electric Field at an Atom, Lorentz Fields E2, Field of Dipoles Insides Cavity E3,
Dielectric Constant and Polarizability, Electronic Polarizability, Ferroelectric Crystals,
Classification of Ferroelectric Crystals, Polarization Catastrophe. Diamagnetism and
paramagnetism: Langevin Diamagnetism Equation, Paramagnetism, Quantum Theory of
Paramagnetism, Rare Earth Ions, Hund Rules, Iron Groups Ions, Crystal Field Splitting,
Quenching of the Orbital Angular Momentum, Cooling by Adiabatic Demagnetization of
Paramagnetic Salt, Nuclear Demagnetization, Paramagnetic Susceptibility of Conduction
Electrons. Ferromagnetism: Ferromagnetic Order, Curie Point and Exchange Integral,
Temperature Dependence of the Saturation Magnetization, Saturation Magnetization at
Absolute Zero, Magnons, Thermal Excitation of Magnons. Defects in solids: Lattice
Vacancies, Diffusion, Metals, Color-Centers, F-Centers, Other Centers in Alkali Halides,
Shear Strength of Single Crystals Slip, Dislocations, Burgers Vectors, Stress Field of
Dislocations, Low Angle Grain Boundaries.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Solid State Physics, C. Kittel, 8th ed. John Wiley & Sons.
2. Solid State Physics, W. Neil Ashcroft & N. Marmin David, Holt-Saunders
International.
3. Solid State Physics, J. Blakmore Saunders.
4. Elementary Solid State Physics, Ali Omer, Addison Wesley.
5. Thermal Physics, C. Kittel John Wiley & Sons.
PHY-4806 NUCLEAR PHYSICS-II
Neutron physics: Production of Neutrons, Detection of Neutrons, The Interaction of

Neutron with Matter in Bulk, Thermal Neutrons, Neutron Reactions and Cross section,
The Diffusion of Thermal Neutron, Scattering. Nuclear fission and fusion: Discovery of
Fission, Types of Fission, Theory of Fission (Bohr and Wheeler‟s Theory), Weizeker
Mass Formula, Mass and Energy Distribution in Fission, Controlled Fission Reaction,
Fission Reactors, Fission Explosive, Basic Fusion Reaction, Characteristics of Fusion.
Nuclear forces: Introduction, Deuteron (Properties of Nuclear Force, Ground State of
Deuteron No Excited S-States, Exited States of the Deuteron). Yukawa Theory of Nuclear
Forces, Saturation on Nuclear Forces (Exchange Forces, Isotopic Spin Formulism),
Scattering Cross Sections, Neutron-Proton Scattering at Low Energy, Proton-Proton
Scattering at Low Energy, Similarity Between (N-N) and (P-P) Forces. Nuclear models:
Introduction, Fermi Gas Model, Liquid Drop Model, Shell Model, Evidence for the
Existence of Magic Numbers, Extreme Single Particles Model (Square Well Potential,
Harmonic Oscillator, Spin-Orbit Potential), Individual (Independent) Particle Model,
Prediction of Shell Model, Collective Nuclear Model. Elementary particle: Introduction,
Classification of Elementary Particles, Klen-Grodon Equation, Symmetric Form of the
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Klen-Grodon Equation, Dirac Equation, Symmetric Form of Dirac Equation, Dirac Sea,
Spin of Dirac Particles.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Nuclear radiation and Deduction, William J. Price
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OPTIONAL COURSES

PHY- 4709 Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy 3
PHY- 4710 Semiconductor Physics 3
PHY- 4711 Introduction to Nano Technology 3
PHY- 4712 Laser 3
PHY- 4713 Particle Physics 3
PHY- 4714 Research Methodology & Skill Enhancement 3
PHY- 4715 Introduction to Quantum Computing 3
PHY- 4808 Methods of Experimental Physics 3
PHY- 4809 Digital Electronics 3
PHY- 4810 Plasma Physics 3
PHY- 4811 Quantum Electronics 3
PHY- 4812 Quantum Optics 3
PHY- 4813 Environmental Physics 3
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PHY-4709 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
What is spectroscopy, the electromagnetic spectrum, Quantization and the Hydrogen

Atom, Quantization in Poly-electronic Atoms, Electronic States of Diatomic and
Polyatomic Molecules. Molecular Vibrations and Rotation. How Spectra are obtained.
Vibrational Spectroscopy, Rotational and Electron Spectroscopy.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. J. Michael Hollas, “Basic Atomic and Molecular spectroscopy, 1st Ed.” Wiley-RSC,
2002
2. J. Michael Hollas, “Modern spectroscopy, 4th Ed.” John Wiley & Sons Inc..2004.
PHY-4710 SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS
Elementary properties of semiconductors, Classes of semiconductors, Crystal structure of

specific semiconductors in common use, Phonon-spectra, energy band structure and
constant surfaces of specific materials, Charge and energy transport in semiconductors.
Scattering process in one valley and many models, Quantum effects in transport
phenomena. Optical properties, Radiative and non-radiative recombination processes,
Thermal and high-field properties, Novel two-dimensional electron gas phenomena.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. K. Seeger, Semiconductor Physics (Springer-Verlage)
2. R. A. Smith, Semiconductors (Cambridge U.P)
3. J.P. Mckelvey, Solid State and Semiconductors Physics (Harper and Row)
PHY-4711 INTRODUCTION TO NANO SCIENCE AND

NANOTECHNOLOGY
Introduction: Feynman talks on small structures, Nano scale dimension, Course goals and
objectives. Quantum Effects: Wave particle duality, Energy quanta, Uncertainty
principle, De Broglie relation, Quantum Dots, Moore's law, Tunneling. Surfaces and
Interfaces: Interfaces, Surface Chemistry and Physics, Surface Modification and
characterization, Thin Film, Sputtering, Self-assembled films. Material Properties:
Subatomic Physics to chemical systems, Types of Chemical Bonds, solid state Physics /
Material properties. Tools and Instrumentation: STM, AFM, Electron Microscopy,
Fluorescence methods, Synchrotron Radiation. Fabricating Nano Structures: Lithography
(photo and electron beam), MBE, Self-assembled masked, FIB, Stamp technology, Nano
junctions, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition), VLS (Vapor Liquid Field). Electrons in
Nano Structures: Variation in electronic properties, free electron model, Bloch's
theorem, Band structure, Single electron transistor, Resonant tunneling. Molecular
Electronics: Lewis structures, Approach to calculate Molecular orbital‟s, Donor
Acceptor properties, Electron transfer between molecules, Charge transport in
weakly interacting molecular solids, Single molecule electronics.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. S. Lindsay, “Introduction to Nano Science”, Oxford University Press, 2009.
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2. C. Binns, “Introduction to Nano Science and Nanotechnology (Wiley Survival
Guides in Engineering and Science)”, Wiley, 2010.
3. T. Pradeep, “A textbook of Nano Science and Nanotechnology”.
4. R. Kumar, “A textbook of Nano Science.”
PHY- 4712 LASER
Elements of laser physics: Interaction of Radiation with Matter, Black Body Radiation,
Application of Harmonic Perturbation Theory, Principles of Laser operation, Population
Inversion and Optical pumping, Q-Switching, Laser Medium and Laser Cavity. Properties
of laser: Different Beams of Light and Characteristics of Laser Beams, Spatial and
Temporal Coherence, Intensity, Directionality, Monocromaticity and Focusability. Laser
transitions: Role of Electrons in Laser Transitions, Resonating Cavity, Levels of Laser
Action, Two, Three and Four Level Laser, Rate Dynamic Analysis of a Four Level
Scheme, Efficient Laser and Quality Factor in Cavities. Types of laser: Solid State Laser,
Ruby Laser, Nd-YAG Laser, Nd-Glass Laser, Alexandrite and Titanium Sapphire Laser,
Liquid Dye Laser (Tunable Pulsed and Continuous), Gas Laser, He-Ne Laser and Argon-
Ion Laser, Semiconductor Laser. Laser applications: Laser Applications in Industrial,
Communication, Military and Medical Sciences Laser Hazards and Safety.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Laser Principle, Types and Applications, 2006, K R Nambiar
2. Laser Technology and application, Samuel Marshall.
3. Laser, Lengyl
4. Fundamentals of Modern Physics, Eisberg.
5. Theory of atomic spectra, Condon and Shortly
PHY-4713 PARTICLE PHYSICS
Classification of particles, Quantum numbers, Classification of Interactions, Beta decay,

Invariance principles and conservation laws, Bound states and resonances, Kinematics;
Determination of spin and parity, Introduction to Symmetries, The Quark Model, Colored
Quarks and Gluons, Reactions and Decays in the Quarks Model, Charm, Beauty and
Truth, Quark Dynamics, Grand Unified Theory.
RECOMENDED BOOKS
1. J. J. Sakurai, Invariance Principles and Elementary Particles (Princeton U.P.).
2. G. Kallen, Elementary Particle Physics (Addison-Wesley).
3. S. Gasiorowicz, Elementary Particle Physics (John-Wiley and Sons).
PHY-4714 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY & SKILL

ENHANCEMENT
Introduction, unethical academic practices (plagiarism), need of research and research

types; extraction and review of literature, identifying a research problem and formulating
a hypothesis, designing a study, data collection, interpretation and analysis, writing a
research report, project, thesis and/or research article or review, preparing posters,
making scientific presentations, intellectual property.
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RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Bryman, A. 2001. Social research methods. Second Edition; Oxford University
Press.
2. Awan, J. A. 2003. Scientific Presentation. Unitech Communication, Faisalabad,
Pakistan.
3. Kumar R, Kindersley D, 2010. Research Methodology: a step by step guide for
beginners. Third Edition; SAGE Publications.
4. Kothari, C. R. 2004. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. Second
Revised Edition; New Age International Publishers, New Delhi.
5. Durrani, S. A. 2004. Technical Writing. Higher Education Commission, Islamabad.
PHY-4715 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM COMPUTING
Computer technology and historical background, basic principles and postulates of

quantum mechanics, quantum states, evolutions, quantum measurement, superposition,
quantization from bits to qubits, operator, function, density matrix, Schrodinger equation,
Schmidt decomposition, EPR and bell inequalities, Quantum computation, quantum
circuits, single quibit operation, controlled operation, measurements, quantum gates,
single qubit and CNOT gates, Breaking Unbreakable codes, code making, trapdoor
function, one time pad, RSA cryptography, Code breaking on classical and quantum
computers, schor‟s algorithm, quantum cryptography uncertainty principle, polarization
and spin basis, BB84, BB90, and Ekert protocole, Quantum cryptography with and
without eavesdropping, experimental realization, quantum search algorithm.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. M.A Nielson and I.L. Chaung, “Quantum computation and quantum information”
Foundation books 2007
2. C P. Williams and S. H. Clearwater. “Exploration in quantum computation”
springer, 2nd ed. 2011
3. P. Bounwmester, A. Ekert, and A. zeilinger. “the physics of quantum information;
Quantum Cyptography, Quantum Teleportation, Quantum Computation”. Springer
2011
4. R.K. Brylinsky, and G. Chen, “Mathematics of Quantum Computation” by
Champan and Hall/ CRC, 2002.
PHY-4808 METHODS OF EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS
Gas transport: throughout, pumping speed, pump down time ultimate pressure. Fore-
vacuum pumps: rotary oil pumps, sorption pumps. Diffusion pumps, sorption pumps
(high pumps), production of ultrahigh vacuum, fundamental concepts, guttering pumps,
ion pumps, cryogenic pumps, turbo molecular pumps. Measurement of total pressure in
vacuum systems, unit pressure ranges, Manometers, Perini gauges, the Mcload gauges,
mass spectrometer for partial measurement of pressure. Design of high vacuum system,
surface to volume ratio, pump choice, pumping system design. Vacuum components,
vacuum valves, vacuum flanges leak detection: basic consideration, leak detection
equipment, special techniques and problems, repair technique. GM tubes, scintillation
detector, channel Tron, photo multipliers, neutron detector, alpha/beta detector, x- rays /
gamma detectors, cosmic rays detectors, spectrographs and interferometers. Sensors for
pressure, pressure displacement, rotation, flow level, speed, rotation position, phase,
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current voltage, power magnetic field, metal, explosive and heat. Operational amplifies,
summing amplifiers, differentiators, integrators, logarithmic amplifiers, current to voltage
converter, spectroscopy amplifiers, charge sensitive pre- amplifiers, coincidence circuits,
isolators, ramp generators and single channel analyzer. Power supplies, signal generators,
counters, multichannel analyzer, lock in amplifiers, boxcar averages. Introduction to
computers, GPIB interface, Rs 232. Interfacing, DA/AD conversion, visual c/visual basic,
evaluation of measurement: systematic errors, accuracy, accidental errors, precision,
statistical methods, mean value and variance, statistical control of measurements, errors
of direct measurements, rejection of data, significance of results, propagation of errors,
preliminary estimation, errors of computation. Least squares fit to a polynomial.
Nonlinear functions. Data manipulation, smoothing, interpolation and extrapolation,
linear and parabolic interpolation.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. F. JAMES, statistical methods in experimental physics, world scientific company,
2nd ed. 2006.
2. M.H. Hablanian, high- vacuum technology, Marcel dekker, 2nd ed.1997.
3. P. Bevington and D.K. Robinson, Data reduction and error analysis for physics
science, McGraw-hill, 3rd ed.2002.
PHY-4809 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Review of Number System, Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal number system, their inter-
conversion, concepts of logic, truth table, basic logic gates. Boolean Algebra: De
Morgan‟s theorem, simplification of Boolean expression by Boolean Postulates and
theorem, K-maps and their uses. Don‟t care condition, Different codes. (BCD, ASCII,
Gray etc.). Parity in Codes, IC Logic Families: Basic characteristics of logic family. (Fan
in/out, Propagation delay time, dissipation, noise margins etc. Different logic based IC
families (DTL, RTL, ECL, TTL, CMOS), Combinational Logic Circuit: Logic circuits
based on AND–OR, OR-AND, NAND, NOR Logic, gate design, addition, subtraction
(2‟s compliments, half adder, half subtractor, full subtractor encoder, decoder, PLA.
Exclusive OR gate. Sequential Logic Circuits: Flip-flops clocked RS-FF, D-FF, T-FF,
JK-FF, Shift Register, Counters (Ring, Ripple, up-down, Synchronous) A/D and D/A
Converters. Romprom, eaprom, EE PROM, RAM (Statics and dynamic memory
mapping techniques. Computers and its types all generation of computers basic
architecture of computer microprocessor (ALU, UP Registers, Control and time section).
Addressing modes, intrusion set and their types, discussion on 8085/8088, 8086 processer
family, intel microprocessor Hierarchy. Introduction to embedded and microcontroller
base systems, the microprocessor and microcontroller application and environment,
microcontroller characteristics, features of general purpose microcontroller, microchip,
Inc and PIC peripherals.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. M .M Mono, Digital Logic and Computer design”, prentice Hall,1995
2. R.Tokheim, Digital Electronics, MCGraw Hill, 7th ed.2007.
3. B.B Brey,The INTEL microprocessor: Architecture, programming and interfacing,
merril 2nd ed.1991
4. Thomas L.Floyd, Electronics Fundamentals circuits, Devices and Applications,
Prentice Hall,8th ed.2009.
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5. T. Wilmshurst, The Design of small scale embedded Systems, Palgrave, 2001.
PHY- 4810 PLASMA PHYSICS
Introduction: Occurrence of Plasma in Nature, Definition of Plasma, Concept of

Temperature, Debye Shielding, The Plasma Parameter, Criteria for Plasma, Application
of Plasma Physics. Single particle motions in electromagnetic fields: Single Particle
Motion in Uniform Electric and Magnetic Field, Single Particle Motion in Non-uniform
Electric and Magnetic Field, Motion In Time-Varying Electric and Magnetic Field,
Adiabatic Invariants, Plasma as fluids: Relation of Plasma Physics to Electromagnetic,
the Fluid Equation of Motion, Fluid Drifts Perpendicular and Parallel to Magnetic Field,
Plasma Approximation. Waves in plasma: Group Velocity, Plasma Oscillation, Electron
Plasma Waves, Sound Waves, Ion Waves, Electrostatic Electron Oscillation
Perpendicular to Magnetic Field, Electrostatic Ion Waves Perpendicular to Magnetic
Field, Electromagnetic Waves Perpendicular and Parallel to B0, Hydromagnetic Waves
and Magnetosonic Waves.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. Introduction to Plasma Physics, F.F. Chen.
2. Principle of plasma physics, N. A. Karall and A. W. Trivelriece.
3. Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 2nd Ed. 2006, F.F. Chen.
PHY- 4811 QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
Review of quantum Mechanics, Energy levels of materials in quantum electronic devices.

Energy levels of the free atoms and molecules, Crystal structure of solids, Energy levels
of atoms in solids, Semi classical treatment of the interaction of radiation with matter,
Calculation of the probabilities of transition by stimulated emission and absorption.
Quantization of the radiation field, Interaction of quantized radiation and atoms, Selection
rules, Macroscopic material properties resulting from collective quantum mechanical
interaction, Quantum statistics, The density matrix, Quantum statistical calculation of the
time varying macroscopic properties of materials, Quantum electronic devices, General
properties of lasers, Solid State, gas and semiconductor lasers.
RECOMENDED BOOKS
1. Amon Yariv, Quantum Electronics (John-Wiley & Sons).
2. William S.C.Chang, Principles of Quantum Electronics (Addison Wesley).
3. Richard H.Pantel, Fundamentals of Quantum Electronics (John-Wiley & Sons).
PHY- 4812 QUANTUM OPTICS
Theory of Reflection and Refraction, Wave Propagation in a Conductor, Ellipsometry,

Birefringence, Interference Theory, Localization of Fringes, Multiple-Beam Interference,
Optical Resonators, Fourier Spectroscopy, Kirchhoff's Diffraction Theory with
Applications in Spectroscopy, Holography, Partially Coherent Light, Correlation
Functions of Light Beams, Degree of Coherence.
RECOMENDED BOOKS
1. M.Born and E.Wolf, Principles of Optics (Pergamon).
57 of 61
2. M.V. Klein, Optics (John-Wiley and Sons).
3. R.W.Ditchburn, Light (John-Wiley and Sons).
4. P.A.Lindsay, Introduction to Quantum Electronics (Pitman);
5. S.N.Levine, Quantum Physics of Electronics (McGraw-Hill).
PHY-4813 ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICS
Introduction to essentials of environmental physics: The economic system, living in green

house, enjoying the sun, transport of matter, energy and momentum, the social and
political context. Basic Environmental Spectroscopy: Black body radiation, the emission
spectrum of sun, the transition electric dipole moments, the Einstein‟s coefficient,
Lambert-beers law, The spectroscopy of bi-molecules, Solar UV and life, the ozone filter.
The Global Climate: The energy Balance, Elements of Weather and Climate, Climate
variation and modeling Transport of Pollutants: Diffusion, Flow in reverse, Ground water,
Flow equation of fluid dynamics, Terbulence, Gaussian plumes in air, turbulent jets and
planes. Noise: Basic acoustics, Human perceptions and noise criteria, reducing the
transmission of sound, active control of sound Radiations: general laws of radiation,
natural radiations, interaction of electromagnetic radiation with plants, utilization of
photosynthetically active radiation Atmosphere and Climate: Structure of the atmosphere,
vertical profiles in the lower layers of atmosphere, lateral movement in atmosphere,
atmosphere circulation, cloud and participation, The atmospheric greenhouse effect. Top
Climates and Micro Climates: effects of surface elements in flat and widely undulling
areas, Dynamic action of solid, thermal action of solid. Climatology and Measurements of
Climate Factor: Data collection and organization, statistical analysis of climate data,
climatic indices, General characteristics of Measuring equipment, measurement of
temperature, air, humidity, surface wind velocity, Radiation balance, precipitation,
pressure, automatic weather station.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
1. E.T books and R. Van Grondelle. “Environmental Physics” John Wiley 3rd ed 2011
2. G. Guyot. “Physics of Environmental and Climate” John Wiley 1998.
58 of 61
Item No. 05
List of External Examiners for the Evaluation of M.Phil.

and Ph.D. Thesis
59 of 61
List of External Examiners for the Evaluation of M.Phil and Ph.D. Thesis (Local)
S. No. Name Address

1 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Baig NCP, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad
Vice Chancellor
2 Prof. Dr. Iftikhar Hussain
Haripur University Abbottabad KPK
Department of Physics
3 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Nawaz Tahir
University of Sargodha
Chairman, |Department of Physics
4 Prof. Dr. Arshid Majeed Mirza
QAU, Islamabad
Director & HoD, Material Science
5 Dr. Muhammad Arshid Janjua
Department, PIEAS, Islamabad
Director,
6 Prof. Dr. Shahzad Naseem Centre of Excellence in Solid State
Physics University of the Punjab, QAC
7 Prof. Dr. Arshid Iqbal (Rtd) University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Muzaffarabad.
Chairman, Department of Physics
8 Dr. Muhammad Abdul Rauf Khan University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Muzaffarabad.
9 Dr. Sami-ul-Haq NILOP, Islamabad
10 Prof. Dr. Ghazanfar Ali Khan (Rtd) University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Muzaffarabad.
Director,
11 Prof. Dr. Ijaz Mujtaba Ghori Center of Advance Studies in Physics,
(CASP) G. C. University, Lahore.
12 Prof. Dr. M. Riaz Khan
Peshawar University, Peshawar.
Dept. of Physics
13 Dr. M. Noman Sarwar Qureshi
GC University Lahore
14 Dr. Waqas Masood COMSATS IIT, Islamabad
15 Dr. M. Sabieh Anwar LUMS, Lahore Cantt.
16 Dr. Muhammad Rafique University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Muzaffarabad.
Associate Prof. & Head Plasma
17 Dr. Muhammad Shafiq
Laboratory, QAU, Islamabad
18 Prof. Dr. Nasir Amin
Agricultural University, Faisalabad.
19 Dr. Yaser Jamil
Agricultural University Faisalabad
20 Dr. Nek Muhammad Shaikh
University of Sind, Jamshoro
21 Dr. M. Ikram Shahzad PINSTECH, Niolre, Islamabad.
60 of 61
S. No. Name Address
22 Dr. Shahid Hussain Director, Centralized Resource Lab
Principal Scientist,
23 Dr. Nazir Hussain
Optics Lab. Niolre, Islamabad.
24 Dr. M. Saleem Post Graduate College Satellite Town,
Rawalpindi.
Principal Scientist
Dr. Ali Nadeem
25 National Institute of Lasers and Optronics
(NILOP) Islamabad
26 Dr. Murtza Saleem LUMS, Lahore
27 Dr. Shahid Atiq CSSP. P.U. Lahore
Assistant Professor
28 Dr. Ijaz Ahmed Khan Dept. of Physics
GC University Faisalabad
29 Dr. Ishaq Ahmed Director EPD, NCP Islamabad
Dept. of Physics
30 Dr. Hidyat Ullah
University of Peshawar
31 Dr. Muhammad Riaz
Federal Urdu University, Islamabad.
32 Dr. Muhammad Jamil Alvi
COMSATS Lahore
33 Dr. Zobia Kiran
G.C. University Lahore
34 Dr. Muhammad Shahid
Women University Bagh AJK
35 Dr. Umar Saeed Quershi
QAU Islamabad
36 Dr. Ayaz Arif
University of AJK Muzaffarabad
37 Dr. Shaista Nadeem Islamic International University,
Islamabad
38 Dr. Abdul Waheed Anwar
UET, Lahore
39 Dr. Mushtaq Ahmed Director, NILOP, Islamabad
Assistant Prof. Department of Physics,
40 Dr. Gul Rehman
QAU, Islamabad
61 of 61

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SCHEME OF STUDIES (STRUCTURE)

Sr. No. Category No. of Courses Credits

Category Course Title Credits

GOF: General subjects from faculties other than sciences

Codes Name of Subject Credits

Code Name of Subject Credits

Code Name of Subject Credits

Code Name of Subject Credits

FOR SEMESTER VII

Course Code Course Title Credits

FOR SEMESTER VIII

Course Code Course Title Credits

FOR SEMESTER VII

Course Code Course Title Credits

FOR SEMESTER VIII

Course Code Course Title Credits

Approval of contents of syllabi for BS Physics under semester

Codes Name of Subject Credits

PHY-1102 ISLAMIC STUDIES

Fundamental of Islam, Tauheed: Arguments for oneness of God, impact of Tauheed on

PHY-1103 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Introduction: The structure of digital computers; programming languages; high level

PHY-1106 BASIC LAB-1

Code Name of Subject Credits

Note: documentaries to be shown for discussion and review.

PHY-1202 PAKISTAN STUDIES

Sequences, Monotone sequences, convergence of sequence, infinite series, partial sum,

Code Name of Subject Credits

Brief review of electrostatic and magnetostatics laws: Maxwell‟s Theory Electromagnetism:

PHY-2302 WAVES & OPTICS

PHY-2304 MODERN PHYSICS

Motivation for Non--Classical Physics, Quantum interference, blackbody radiation and

PHY-2305 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

PHY-2306 BASIC LAB-III

Code Name of Subject Credits

Temperature, concept of temperature and thermal equilibrium, temperature scales, measuring

PHY-2404 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

PHY-2405 BIO PHOTONICS

Code Name of Subject Credits

Advanced vector and tensor analysis: Transformation Properties of Vectors, Gradient,

PHY-3502 CLASSICAL MECHANICS

Classical mechanics: Survey of Newtonian Mechanics of a Single and System of Particles,

PHY- 3503 BASIC ELECTRONICS

PHY- 3504 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY-I

PHY- 3505 PHYSICS LAB-I

Code Name of Subject Credits

PHY- 3602 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY-II

Induced electromotance and magnetic energy: Faraday's Induction Law, Induced

PHY- 3604 ATOMIC PHYSICS

Atomic models: Thompson Model, Rutherford Model, Rutherford Scattering Formula,

PHY- 3605 PHYSICS LAB -II (SOLID STATE PHYSICS)

Code Name of Subject Credits

Basic properties: Proton-Electron Theory of the Nucleus, Proton-Neutron Theory of the

PHY- 4702 QUANTUM MECHANICS

A brief introduction of the computer languages and known software packages of

PHY- 6304 PHYSICS LAB -III (NUCLEAR PHYSICS)

PHY-4706 SOLID STATE PHYSICS-I

Radioactivity and isotopes: Fundamental Laws of Radioactivity, Measurements of Decay

Code Name of Subject Credits

Thermal physics: Review of Laws of Thermodynamics, Maxwell's Relations

PHY- 4802 QUANTUM MECHANICS

Matrix mechanics: Restatement of Quantum Mechanical Assumptions, Matrix Operators,

PHY- 4803 PHYSICS LAB -IV (GENERAL PHYSICS)