Buddhism and Jainism

Buddhism
Buddhism
 Buddhism

Buddhism
• Birth – 563 BC. , Lumbini (Kapilavastu)
• Death – 483 BC. Kushinagar
• Childhood Name – Siddhartha
• Father – Suddhodana
• Mother – Mahamaya
• Foster Mother – Pajapati Gotami
• Wife – Yashodhara
• Son – Rahul
 Buddhism

Four Sights
• Old age
• Disease
• Death
• Sage
 Buddhism

Leaving of Home and Sambodhi

• He performed Mahabhinishkramana and left

his home at the age of 29 for searching about
the truth.
• First Teacher – Alara Kalama
• Second Teacher – Rudraka Ramputta
• He was meditating under a Vata Vriksha - वट
वृक्ष (Peepal Tree) on the bank of river
Niranjana.
• Sambodhi- He took Bodhatwa on 49th day
from starting meditation in Gaya.
Buddhism
Buddhism
 Buddhism

First Sermon
• He performed first Sermon (Dhammacakkappavattana) in Sarnath near
Varanasi.
• He gave maximum sermon at Shravasti
• In Sarnath he established Sangha and the first Leady Pupil was Pajapati
Gotami.
 Buddhism

4 Nobel Truths
• Sorrow
• Cause of Sorrow
• Prevention of Sorrow
• The Path of Prevention of Sorrow
The Eight Fold Path
 Buddhism

Buddha Sects

• First time Buddhism divided in to two sects in 383 BC.

1. Sthavira- The Traditionalist
2. Mahasanghika- The Changers

• In 1st Century AD Buddhism divided again in

1. Hinayana
2. Mahayana
 Buddhism

Hinayana
• This sect believes in original teaching of Buddha.
• Don’t believe in Idol Worship.
Mahayana
• This sect believes in heavenliness of Buddha
• Believes in Idol Worship.
 Buddhism

Buddhist Literature
The Tri-Pitaka
• Language- Pali
1. Vinaya Pitaka
• Subject- Monastic rules for Monks.
• Written by- Upali
• Book of Discipline.
2. Sutta Pitaka
• Subject- Collection of sermons of Buddha
• Written by- Anand
• The Basket of Suttas.
 Buddhism

3. Abhidhamma Pitaka
• Subject- Philosophy appearing in Suttas.
• Written by- Moggaliputta Tisya
• Doctrine of Buddhism.
Jataka Literature
• Jataka contain stories of previous birth of historical Buddha.
• These are in form of poems
• There are 547 Jataka .
 Buddhism

Four Buddhist Councils

First Council

• Time period- 483 BC

• Place- Rajgriha (Bihar)
• King(Dynasty)- Ajatashatru (Haryanka)
• Chairman- Mahakayapa
• Out come- Vinay Pitaka and Sutta Pitaka were written.
 Buddhism

Second Council
• Time period- 383 BC
• Place- Vaishali (Bihar)
• King(Dynasty)- Kalashoka (Shishunaga)
• Chairman- Sabbakamini
• Out come- First time Buddhism divided in two sects
i.e. Sithavira and Mahasanghika.
 Buddhism

Third Council
• Time period- 250/251 BC
• Place- Pataliputra (Bihar)
• King(Dynasty)- Ashoka (Maurya)
• Chairman- Moggaliputta Tisya
• Out come- Abhidhamma Pitaka was written.
 Buddhism

Fourth Council
• Time period- First Cen. AD
• Place- Pataliputra (Kashmir)
• King(Dynasty)- Kanishka (Kushan)
• Chairman- Vasumitra
• Out come- Buddhism finally divided in tow sects i.e. Hinyana and
Mahayana.
 Buddhism

Five Great Symbols

1. Birth- Lotus, Elephant and Bull
2. Great Departure- Horse
3. Enlightenment- Bodhi Tree
4. First Sermon- Wheel
5. Death- Stupa, and Foot Print
 Jainism
Jainism
 Jainism
Jainism
• There are 24 Tirthankara in Jainism.
• 1st Tirthankara was Rishabdev.
• 2nd Tirthankara was Ajit Nath.
• 3rd Tirthankara was Sambhava Nath.
 Jainism

Parshva Nath
• He was 23rd Tirthankara.
• His father Ashvasena was the rulerof Kashi.
• Mother was Vama Devi.
Doctrines
• Satya (Do not speak a lie)
• Ahinsa (Do not commit violence)
• Asteya (Do not setal)
• Aparigraha (Do not acquires property)
Jainism
 Jainism

Mahavira Swami
• Childhood name- Vardhaman
• Birth- 540 BC.
• Father- Siddharth (King of Gyantrika Republic)
• Mother- Trishala (Lichchhavi Princess)
• Wife- Yashoda
• Daughter- Anojya or Priyadarshana
• Son in Law- Jamali
 Jainism

• He renounced his family at the age of 30.

• Spent 12 years meditating and attained the Gyan/Kaivalya.
• He accepted 4 doctrines given by Parsva Nath and added 5th in it as
Brahmacharya.
 Jainism

Tri- Ratna or Three Jewels

• Right Faith- Samyaka Darshan
• Right Knowledge- Samyaka Gyan
• Right Action- Samyaka Acharan
• Syadawada or Anekantavad was introduced by Mahavira.
• At the age of 72 years he attained nirvana at Pawapuri in year 468 BC.
 Jainism

Jain Sects
• There were two sects of Jainism.
Digambara
• Those who keep themselves naked.
• Leader- Bhadrabahu
Shvetambra
• Those who put on white dress.
• Leader- Sthulabahu
• Jain literature are known as Aagam
• Language- Prakrit.
Jainism
 Jainism

Jain councils
First council
Year- 322BC
Place - Patliputra
Chairman - Sthulabahu
Outcome - started to compile 12 Angas.
 Jainism

Second Council
Year- 512 AD
Place – Vallabhi (Gujarat)
Chairman - Devridhimani
Outcome- Jain literature finally compiled.